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Introduction of Compiler

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14 views

Introduction of Compiler

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Ptavfbcvbn
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction of Compiler

The compiler is software that converts a program written in a high-level language (Source
Language) to a low-level language (Object/Target/Machine Language/0, 1’s).
A translator or language processor is a program that translates an input program written in a
programming language into an equivalent program in another language. The compiler is a type of
translator, which takes a program written in a high-level programming language as input and
translates it into an equivalent program in low-level languages such as machine language or
assembly language.

Stages of Compiler Design


1.Lexical Analysis: The first stage of compiler design is lexical analysis, also known as scanning.
In this stage, the compiler reads the source code character by character and breaks it down into a
series of tokens, such as keywords, identifiers, and operators. These tokens are then passed on to the
next stage of the compilation process.
2.Syntax Analysis: The second stage of compiler design is syntax analysis, also known as parsing.
In this stage, the compiler checks the syntax of the source code to ensure that it conforms to the
rules of the programming language. The compiler builds a parse tree, which is a hierarchical
representation of the program’s structure, and uses it to check for syntax errors.
3.Semantic Analysis: The third stage of compiler design is semantic analysis. In this stage, the
compiler checks the meaning of the source code to ensure that it makes sense. The compiler
performs type checking, which ensures that variables are used correctly and that operations are
performed on compatible data types. The compiler also checks for other semantic errors, such as
undeclared variables and incorrect function calls.
4.Code Generation: The fourth stage of compiler design is code generation. In this stage, the
compiler translates the parse tree into machine code that can be executed by the computer. The code
generated by the compiler must be efficient and optimized for the target platform.
5.Optimization: The final stage of compiler design is optimization. In this stage, the compiler
analyzes the generated code and makes optimizations to improve its performance.
Overall, compiler design is a complex process that involves multiple stages and requires a deep
understanding of both the programming language and the target platform. A well-designed compiler
can greatly improve the efficiency and performance of software programs, making them more
useful and valuable for users.

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