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Machine Design Chapter 5 2022 Updated

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Nguyễn Đức Tuấn
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59 views38 pages

Machine Design Chapter 5 2022 Updated

Uploaded by

Nguyễn Đức Tuấn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Biomedical Engineering

International University – Vietnam National Universities HCMC

Machine Design

Mechanical system- Gear


Belt-Cam
Contents

1 General Mechanical System

2 Types of Gears

3 Fundamentals

4 Design the Gear with Fusion 360


Introduction
Mechanical system

❖Based on the type of motions, mechanical


systems are classified into two types

1. Translational mechanical systems


2. Rotational mechanical systems
Mechanical system

Gear

Belt

Shaft 2
Electrical
Power
Power
transfer
Joint
Shaft 1
Motor

Bearing Bearing
Basic Mechanical Components

Joint Gear Shaft Bearing

Belt Chain Cam Spring


Gears

We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is not an act, but a habit.
Aristotle

Gears are very popular power transmission devices


Gears

❖ A gear may be thought of as a toothed wheel that will


transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another.
❖ The primary function of a gear is to transfer power from one
shaft to another while maintaining a definite ratio between the
shaft angular velocities.
Gears
Types of Gears

1. Spur gears
Spur Gears are cylindrical toothed wheels Axis of
in which the teeth are aligned parallel to rotation
the axis of rotation

❖ Used in transmitting torque between


parallel shafts
❖ Simplest type
❖ Teeth are cut parallel to the shaft axis
❖ Easy to manufacture
❖ Rack and pinion arrangement
Types of Gears

❖Spur gears
Types of Gears

2. Helical gears
• Used in transmitting torque between
parallel shafts
• Teeth are cut at an angle with the shaft
axis
• Helical gears can be meshed in
parallel or crossed orientations.
• The angled teeth engage more gradually
than spur gear teeth, causing them to run
more smoothly and quietly
• Double Helical gear
Types of Gears

3. Bevel Gears
▪ Used to transmit rotary motion
between intersecting shafts
▪ Tooth-bearing faces of the gears
are conically shaped
▪ Bevel gears are most often
mounted on shafts that are 90
degrees apart, but can be
designed to work at other angles
as well.
▪ The pitch surface of bevel gears is
a cone
Types of Gears

4. Worm and Worm Gearars


o Used for high Gear ratios
o Direction of transmission (input shaft vs
output shaft) is not reversible when using
large reduction ratios
o Used in wiper motors
Types of Gears
Types of Gears
Gears Manufacturing
Applications of Gears

Types of gear Applications


Clocks
Pumps
Watering systems
Household appliances
Clothes washing and drying
Spur gear
machines
Power plants
Material handling systems
Aerospace and aircrafts
Railways and trains
Instruments
Lifts and elevators
Worm gear
Material handling systems
Automobiles (steering systems)
Applications of Gears

Types of gear Applications


Pumps
Power plants
Material handling systems
Bevel gear
Aerospace and aircrafts
Railways and trains
Automobiles
Similar to spur gears but with greater
Helical gear loads and higher speeds.
Automobiles (transmission systems)
Weighing scales
Material handling and transfer systems
Rack and pinion
Railways and trains
Automobiles (steering systems)
Fundamentals

m: module, mm

P: diametral pitch,

N: Number of teeth

d: pitch diameter

p: circular pitch
Module. This is the ratio of the pitch diameter to the number of
teeth. The unit of the module should be millimeters (mm). The
module is defined by the ratio of pitch diameter and number of
teeth.
Fundamentals

m: module, mm

P: diametral pitch,

N: Number of teeth

d: pitch diameter

p: circular pitch

Pitch circle. This is a theoretical circle on which


calculations are based. Its diameter is called the pitch
diameter.
d = m.N
Fundamentals

m: module, mm

P: diametral pitch,

N: Number of teeth

d: pitch diameter

p: circular pitch

Circular pitch. This is the distance from a point on one tooth to


the corresponding point on the adjacent tooth measured along
the pitch circle.
Fundamentals

m: module, mm

P: diametral pitch,

N: Number of teeth

d: pitch diameter

p: circular pitch
Diametral pitch. This is the ratio of the number of teeth to the
pitch diameter. Thus, it is the reciprocal of the module. Since
diametral pitch is used only with U.S. units, it is expressed as
teeth per inch.
Fundamentals

Summary

where P = diametral pitch,


N = number of teeth
m = module, mm
d = pitch diameter, mm
p = circular pitch
Fundamentals

✓ The diametral pitch, pd, is the number of teeth in the gear per pitch
diameter.
✓ For two gears to mesh, they must have the same diametral pitch. The
expression for diametral pitch is

✓ The standard diametral pitches

❑ Condition for meshing two gears:


Module or diametral pitch should be same for each
Gear.
Fundamentals

Preferred modules for spur gears.

Modules less than 1 are also allowed for special applications.

The module, m, is the ratio of the pitch diameter to the number of teeth and is
expressed as
Fundamentals

Example : Gear Geometry


Given: A 20-tooth pinion with a module of 5 mm meshes with a 63-tooth gear.
Find: The center distance, the circular pitch, and the gear ratio.
Solution:
We have

The center distance is

The circular pitch is

The gear ratio is


Gear Geometry
Gear Geometry

The pitch-line velocity

The relation between the radii on the angular velocities

where P = diametral pitch, teeth per inch


N = number of teeth
d = pitch diameter, in
m = module, mm
d = pitch diameter, mm
p = circular pitch
Gear Geometry
Gear Geometry
Gear train

n5 N1 N3 N4
= (− )(− )(− )
n1 N2 N4 N5
Gear train

Given: The gear train shown in


the Figure.
Find: Determine the angular
velocity ratio for the gear train.
If shaft 1 rotates clockwise at
1750 rpm, determine the speed
and direction of shaft 4.

 NB   ND   NE  NB NE
Z14 =  −  −  − =−
 N A   NC   N D  N A NC
70  54
Z14 = − = −10.5
20 18
Gear Geometry

The output speed is

A N N
Z14 = = − B E = −10.5
E N A NC

Therefore,

A 1750
E = = = −166.7 rpm
Z14 −10.5
Gear design and simulation with
fusion 360

Download the add-in here:


1.https://apps.autodesk.com/FUSION/en/Detail/Index?id=1
236778940008086660&appLang=en&os=Win64&autostart
=true
2.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MtK6yK0NRM0&ab_c
hannel=thehardwareguy
3.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2bzjdo0wxg&ab_cha
nnel=TheFusionEssentials
Department of Biomedical Engineering

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