Scribd
Upload
38 views6 pages

Lab 5

Uploaded by

manzoorzardari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views6 pages

Lab 5

Uploaded by

manzoorzardari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

PRACTICAL HANDOUTS

FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS

Lab-05

Second Order Systems

Name : -------------------------------------------------------------

Roll No:------------------------------------------------------------

Date :---------------------------------------------------------------

Score:---------------------------------------------------------------

Signature:-----------------------
Second Order systems

Introduction
Generalized transfer function of second order system is represented by the following equation

Where ωn is the natural un-damped frequency and ς is damping ratio. Thus the response of the
second order system depends upon both factors. In this lab we will analyze the effect of variation
of damping ratio and natural un-damped frequency on the response of the system.

Step Response of 2nd Order System:

Following figure shows the unit step response of the 2nd order system described by above eqution

Step Response Specification:


 Delay time:
The delay time is the time required for the response to reach half the final value the very
first time
 Rise time:
The rise time is the time required for the response to rise from 10% to 90%, 5% to 95%,
or 0% to 100% of its final value.
 Peak Time:
The peak time is the time required for the response to reach the first peak of the
overshoot. Peak time is give by:

 Maximum Overshoot:
The maximum overshoot is the maximum peak value of the response curve measured
from unit.

 Settling time
The settling time is the time required for the response curve to reach and stay within a
range about the final value of the size specified by absolute percentage of the final value
(usually 2% or 5%).
(For 2% criterion)

(For 5% criterion)

Example#1

Generate the standard second-order system where and .

PROGRAM
wn=5;
damping_ratio=0.4;
[num0,den]=ord2(wn,damping_ratio)
num=5^2*num0
printsys(num,den,'s')

Example #2
Consider the system defined by
, where and 1.0.Write MATLAB program using a
“for loop” to obtain the two dimension and three dimensional plots fo the system output. The
input is unit-step function

PROGRAM
t=0:0.2:10;
zeta=[0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1];
for n=1:6;
num=[0 0 1];
den=[1 2*zeta(n) 1];%den[1 2*(n-1)*0.2 1]
[y(1:51,n),x,t]=step(num,den,t)
end
plot(t,y)
grid
title('plot of unit step ,Tresponse curves wiht \omega_n=1 and \
zeta=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1')
xlabel('t(sec)')
ylabel('Response')
text(4.1,1.86,'\zeta=0')
text(3.5,1.5,'0.2')
text(3.5,1.24,'0.4')
text(3.5,1.08,'0.6')
text(3.5,0.95,'0.8')
text(3.5,0.86,'1.0')
figure
mesh(t,zeta,y')
title('three dimensional plot fo unit step response curves')
xlabel('t sec')
ylabel('\zeta')
zlabel('Response')

Example #3
Write MATLAB code to find and maximum overshoot for the following transfer
function:

MATLAB CODE:

num=361;

den=[1 16 361];

omegan=sqrt(den(3))

zeta=den(2)/(2*omegan)

Ts=4/(zeta*omegan)

omegad=omegan*sqrt(1-(zeta^2))

Tp=pi/omegad

overshoot=exp(-(zeta*pi)/(sqrt(1-zeta^2)))

overshootPercentage=100*overshoot
Example#4: - The transfer function of a second order control system is given below. In order to
find the values of transient response characteristics lets apply step input with
ωn = 0.1 rad/sec
ς = 0.2 ωn2
G(S) = 2
S + 2ςωnS +ωn2

0.01
G(S) =
S 2+0.04S+0.01
Use following MATLAB code we can find the step response of the system
num = 0.01
den = [1 0.04 0.01];
step(num,den)
grid on

Example#5: - Find the ramp response of the system


ωn = 0.1 rad/sec
ς = 0.2 ωn2
G(S) = 2
S + 2ςωnS +ωn2
0.01
G(S) =
S +0.04S+0.01
2

Use following MATLAB code we can find the ramp response of the system

t=0:0.01:10;
r=t;
num = 0.01
den = [1 0.04 0.01];
lsim(num,den,r,t)
grid on
Exercise#1: -

(a) Find unit Step response and unit impulse response of the system when
ωn = 0.1 rad/sec
ς = 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 01 & 1.3
ωn2
G(S) = 2
S + 2ςωnS +ωn2
(b) What is the effect on steady state error with the increasing the value of ς.

Exercise#2: -

(a) Find step, ramp and impulse response of the system when
ωn = 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1 rad/sec
ς = 0.6
ωn2
G(S) = 2
S + 2ςωnS +ωn2

Exercise#3: -
Write MATLAB code to find and maximum overshoot for the following
transfer function:

Exercise#4 -
Repeat the exercise#3 for the following transfer function

You might also like