<Mina Magdy>

LINUX ADMINISTRATION
OSCP,SSCP,CEH,CRTP
 <Linux Environment>
<env>
• Linux Environment >>> Variables
Ex1 a = 1 Ex2 b = 2 print (a+b) = 3
• All In memory “Ram”
• U Can Access To all With shell “Terminal”
• Let’s Try with “ls”
• Try “which whoami”
• echo $PATH
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 1>
LI NUX UPDATEI NG

1. sudo apt update | Connect with Linux servers & show update

2. sudo apt upgrade | Switch the old bundle to the new one

3. sudo apt full-upgrade | upgradeing Thems & GUI & Icons

4. sudo apt apt update | sudo apt full-upgrade 1&2

5. sudo apt autoremove | Deletion of old files after updating

6. sudo apt search | earching for a specific package inside the

Linux repositories
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 2>
FI LES & NAVI GATI NG

1. ls | List Files
2. ls –l
3. ls –al
4. cd | To move between files | Ch an ge Directory
5. cd DI R NAME
6. cd ..
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 2>
F I L E S & N AV I G AT I N G

1. pwd | print word directory

2. mkdir NEW FILE NAME | make directory
3. rm dir FILE NAME | delete file
4. rm –f | fore delete
5. rm –rf | delete directory file
6. manually Options
7. man ls
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 2>
F I L E S & N AV I G AT I N G

1. tail | show top 10 lines

2. W C | 1 8 1 8 9 4 M 3 LO M AT. T XT

<GREP>

g e r p , e g re p , f g re p , rg re p – p r i n t l i n e s t h a t m a t c h

1. c a t M 3 LO M AT. T XT | g re p “ W O R D ”
2. m a n g re p
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 2>
F I L E S & N AV I G AT I N G

1. cp | copy

2. cp FILE1 To FILE2

3. mv | move

4. mv FILE1 To FILE2 | To Move Files

5. mv FILE1 To FILEE | To Rename File

6. touch | Create New text File

7. cat | To open Text File

 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 3>
NETWORKI NG

1. ping HOST | ping host

2. whois DNS | get whois for domain

3. dig DNS | get DNS for domain

4. dig –x HOST | reserve lookup host

4. wget FILE | download file

5. wget -r URL | download file from url

 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 4>
PROCESSES

1. ps

2. ps aux

3. PID

4. kill PID

5. Kill all proc

6. htop & top >> sudo apt install htop

7. tree >> sudo apt install tree

 | Basic Linux Commands |
< Pa r t 5 >
SYSTEM INFO

1. date

2. uptime

3. whoami

4. cat /proc/cpuimfo

5. cat /proc/meminfo

6. free

7. du

8. du –sh

9. df

10. df -h
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 6>
SYSTEM INFO

<uname>
1. uname
2. uname -a | show kernel Version
3. uname -n | kali
4. uname -s | Linux
5. uname -m | x86_64
6. uname -r | 5.9.0-kali-amd64
7. man uname | to show more options
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 7>
PERMI SSI ONS
|Permissions|

• Every file an d directory in you r UNI X/ Lin u x system h as

followin g 3 permission s defin ed for all th e 3 own ers
discu ssed above.

1. Read -r
2. Write -w
3. Execu te -x
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 7>
PERMI SSI ONS

1 . r = re a d p e rm i s s i o n

2 . w = w r i t e p e rm i s s i o n

3 . x = exe c u t e p e rm i s s i o n

4 . - = n o p e rm i s s i o n
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 7>
PERMISSIONS
| Permission s|

1. chmod +rwx filename

to add permission s.

2. chmod -rwx directoryname

to remove permission s.

3. chmod +x filename
to allow execu table permission s.

4. chmod -wx
filename to take ou t write an d execu table permission s.
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 7>
PERMI SSI ONS
| User Den otation s|

u user/owner
g group
o other
a all
| Basic Linux Commands |

Group Others
 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 8>
LI UNX SERVI CES
|apatche2|
1. su do service apatch e2 start | to start apatch e service

2. su do service apatch e2 stop | to stop apatch e service

3. su do service apatch e2 restart| to restart apatch e service

4. su do service apatch e2 statu es | sh ow apatch e statu es

5. To Down loadin g file h ttp: / / 192.168.1.5/ m3lomat1.txt

 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 8>
LI UNX SERVI CES
|SSH|

1. ssh user@host | connect to host as user

2. ssh –p port user@host | connect using P

3. ssh –D user@host | connect & use bind P

 | Basic Linux Commands |
<Part 8>
L I U N X S E RV I C E S
|FTP|
1. ft p D N S . c o m | D o m a i n N a m e S y s t e m
1. ft p I P | I n t e rn e t Pro t o c o l
2. ft p U S E R @ FT P D O M A I N . C O M

F I L E S M A N AG E

1. cd DIR
2. l c d / h o m e / u s e r / u rd i re c t o r y n a m e | D O W N LOA D I N G F I L E S W I T H FT P
3. get FILE | Download file
 |Final Result|
• Linux “ENV”
• Part 1 | Linux Updating and differences on upgrading
• Part 2 | Files & Navigating
• Part 3 | Networking
• Part 4 | Process
• Part 5 | System info
• Part 7 | Permitions
• Part 8 | Linux Services
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