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26 views

Tutorial 3

Uploaded by

Anurag Thite
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COEP Technological University Pune

(A Public University of Government of Maharashtra, Pune-411005)


(MA- ) Differential Equations and Complex Algebra
F.Y. B.Tech. Spring Semester 2023-24 (E and TC, Electrical, Instru )
Tutorial 3
Topic : Applications of Ordinary Differential Equations
Co-ordinator : Dr. Kiran Dalvi
—————————————————————————————————————

1. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves :


√
(i) y = x+c
2 x3
(ii) y =
c−x
(iii) x + y 2 = 2ax
2

2. Show that the family of curves x2 + 4y 2 = c1 and y = c2 x4 are


orthogonal to each other.

3. Show that the family of parabolas y 2 = 4c(x + c) is self orthogonal.

4. If in a culture of yeast the rate of growth y 0 (t) is proportional to the


amount y(t) present at time t, and if y(t) doubles in 1 day, how much yeast
can be expected after 3 days at the same rate of growth ? After 1 week ?
(Ans: 8 y0 , 128 y0 )

5. If the growth rate of the amount of yeast at any time t is propor-


tional to the amount present at that time and doubles in 1 week, how
much yeast can be expected after 2 weeks ? After 4 weeks ?

6. Experiments show the rate of inversion of cane sugar in dilute solu-


tion is proportional to the the concentration y(t) of unaltered sugar. Let
1 1
the concentration be at t = 0 and at t = 4hrs. Find y(t).
100 300
(Ans: 0.01 e−0.275t )

1
7. If a fossil wood (also known as fossilized tree) is claimed to be 4000
years old, what should be its 14 C6 content expressed as a percent of the
ratio of 14 C6 to 12 C6 in a living organism ?

8. A thermometer, reading 100 C, is brought into a room whose tempera-


ture is 230 C. Two minutes later the thermometer reading is 180 C. How
long will it take until the reading is 22.80 C. (Ans : 8.73 mins.)

9. A body originally at 800 C cools down to 600 C in 20 minutes, the


temperature of the air being 400 C. What will be the temperature of the
body after 40 minutes from the original ? (Ans: 500 C)

10. A capacitor C = 0.2 f arads in series with a resistor R = 20 ohms


is charged from a source E0 = 24 volts. Find the voltage v(t) on the
capacitor, assuming that at t = 0 the capacitor is completely uncharged.

dQ Q
11. Consider the RC circuit equation R + = E(t). Determine the
dt C
charge and current at time t > 0 if R = 10 ohms, C = 2 × 10−4 f arads,
and E(t) = 100 volts. Given that Q(0) = 0.

12. The charge Q on the plate of a condenser of capacity C charged through


a resistance R by a steady voltage V satisfies the differential equation

t 
dQ Q −
R + = V . If Q = 0 at t = 0, show that Q = CV  − RC 

1 e

. Find
dt C 


t 
−
V RC
the current flowing into the plate at any time t. 

Ans : i(t) = e


 R 

13. A decaying e.m.f.E = 200 e−5t is connected in series with a 20 ohm


resistor and 0.01 f arad capacitor. Find the charge and current at any time
assuming Q = 0 at t = 0. Show that the charge reaches a maximum,
1
!
calculate it and find the time when it is reached. Ans : t = , max .of Q = 0.74
5

2
14. In a circuit containing inductance L, resistance R and voltage E,
dI
the current I is given by E = RI + L . Given L = 640H, R = 250 ohm
dt
and E = 500 volts. I being zero when t = 0. Find the time that ! elapses,
64
before it reaches 90% of its maximum value. Ans : t = ln 10
25
15. Show that the current in RL circuit when a constant e.m.f. E0 is
L
applied reaches 63% of its final value in seconds. Further if L = 10
R
henries, determine the value of R so that the current will reach 99% of its
final value at t = 1 seconds ? (Ans : R = 46.06)

16. Find the current I(t) in the RC circuit with E = 100 volts,
C = 0.25 f arads, R is variable according to
R = (200 − t) ohms, 0 ≤ t ≤ 200 sec
= 0, t > 200 sec
and I(0) = 1 amp. (Ans : I = (200)−3 (200 − t)3 and 0 )

17. Find the time when the capacitor in an RC circuit with no exter-
nal e.m.f. has lost 99% of its initial charge of Q0 Coulomb.
(Ans: t = 4.605 RC)

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦

We will always have STEM with us. Some things will drop out
of the public eye and go away, but there will always be science,
engineering, and technology. And there will always, always be
mathematics. - Katherine Johnson

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