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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 4(a):
Multiplying 2- to 3- Digit Numbers
by 1-Digit Numbers
Mathematics – Grade 3
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 4a: Multiplying 2-to 3- Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Author: Mary Jean B. Sungahid
Editors: Arnel S. Zaragosa, Jeremias C. Ceniza, Gina F. Silvestre, Ph.D., Elma C.
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Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 4(a):
Multiplying 2-to 3-Digit Numbers
by 1-Digit Numbers
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our
dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home.
Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall
guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson
prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on
lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on
completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or
your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-
test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the
Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for
strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary
marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions
carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in
answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is

here to help you master multiplying numbers. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes your diverse vocabulary
backgrounds. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course but the order in which you read them can
be changed to correspond with the Grade 3 Mathematics
learning materials you are using.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
multiply 2-3 digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without or with
regrouping (M3NS-IIc-43.1).

Enjoy your journey. Good luck!

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 What I Know

Give the product of the following.

1. 91
x2

2. 832
x 4

3. 96
x2

4. 340
x 8

5. 712
x 7

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 Multiply 2-3 Digit Numbers by 1-Digit
Lesson
Numbers without or with Regrouping

The children like you are fond of counting and multiplying

numbers that could help you in day to day activities in your home
or in school. In this module, you will learn how to multiply 2-3 digit
numbers with 1-digit numbers without or with regrouping.

What’s In

Activity 1
Applying the associative property of multiplication, find the
product.
1. (3 x 2) x 4 = 3 x (2 x 4)
______ x 4 = 3 x _____
____ = ____

2. (4 x 6) x 3 = 4 x (6 x 3)
______ x 3 = 4 x ______
____ = ____

Which item above you find it easy to solve? Why?

Which item you find it difficult? Why?

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 What’s New

In Activity 1, we are given two items on multiplication. As you

go through the solution applying associative property of
multiplication, observe that item no. 1 is easier to solve than item
no. 2 because the first item only includes multiplying 1-digit
number by 1-digit number while second item involves 2-digit
number multiplied to 1-digit numbers.
Let us take a look at their solution:
1. (3 x 2) x 4 = 3 x (2 x 4)
6x4=3x8 multiplying 1-digit numbers
24 = 24

2. (4 x 6) x 3 = 4 x (6 x 3)
24 x 3 = 4 x 18 In here, we multiply 2-digit number by
1-digit number.
How to multiply 2-digit number by 1-digit number?
Remember that multiplication is a repeated addition. This process
is still useful in multiplying larger numbers but takes a long process.
However, it would be easy to visualize repeated addition of 2-digit
numbers if it is in multiple of ten. Therefore, our goal is to convert
the 2-digit number into multiples of 10 as shown below.
Going back to our solution, we need to multiply; 24 x 3 and 4 x 18.
Step 1. Expand the 2-digit number into its addition form with
multiples of 10. 24 = 20 + 4 , 18 = 10 + 8
Step 2. Apply Distributive Property of Multiplication
(20 + 4) x 3 = 4 x (10 + 8) expanded form
(20 x 3) + (4 x 3) = (4 x 10) + (4 x 8) distributive property
60 + 12 = 40 + 32 by repeated addition
72 = 72

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Activity 2
Multiply 2-digit number by 1-digit number using Distributive
Property.
1. 35 x 4

2. 14 x 6

3. 22 x 5

4. 2 x 89

5. 3 x 72

What is It

As mentioned, the process of multiplying numbers using

Distributive Property and repeated addition is considered as long
method especially if large numbers are involved; like 3-digit
numbers. This time, you will learn the basic rules of multiplying 2- to
3-digit numbers by 1-digit number without or with regrouping.
Recall this!
Multiplicand – the number that is to be multiplied by another
Multiplier – one that multiplies
Product – the answer or result of multiplication process
51 multiplicand
x 2 multiplier
102 product

hundreds tens ones

1 0 2

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Multiplying Without Regrouping
Just like addition and subtraction, it would be easy to
multiply large numbers by aligning them in vertical column. When
you observe that as you multiply the 1-digit number to each digit
on the right of the leftmost digit of the multiplicand and its result is
less than 10 then the process of multiplication needs no
regrouping.
Here are the steps in multiplying 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit
number without regrouping:
Example: 341 x 2 = ?
Step 1. Arrange the two numbers vertically with the multiplicand
place above the multiplier. 341
x 2
Step 2. Multiply the 1-digit multiplier to each digit of the
multiplicand from right to left starting from ones place then to the
tens place and extend up to the hundreds place if exist.
341 - 1 is the digit of the multiplicand in the ones place
x 2 - multiply in the ones place
2 - align product in the ones place

341 - 4 is the digit of the multiplicand in the tens place

x 2 - multiply in the tens place
82 - place the product in the tens place

341 - 3 is the digit in the hundreds place

x 2 - multiply in the hundreds place
682 - place the product in the hundreds place

Therefore: 341 x 2 = 682.

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Another Example: 83 x 3 = ?
Step 1. Arrange the two numbers vertically 83
x 3
Step 2. Multiply the multiplier in the ones place then to the tens
place.
83
x 3
9
Multiply the multiplier in the ones place.
83
x 3
249
Therefore: 83 x 3 = 249.

Multiplying with Regrouping

In cases that as you multiply the 1-digit number to each digit on
the right of the leftmost digit of the multiplicand and its result is
greater than 10, then the process of multiplication needs
regrouping.
Here are the steps in multiplying 2-digit number by 1-digit number
with regrouping:
Example: 45 x 3 = ?
Step 1. Arrange the two numbers vertically. 45
x 3
Step 2. Multiply the multiplier to the digit in the ones place.
Since the product is in 2-digit number, apply regrouping.
1
45 carry over the digit in its tens place and
x 3 bring down the digit in the ones place
5

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Step 3. Multiply the multiplier to the digit in the tens place. Add the
regrouped digit to its product.
1
45 (4 x 3) + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13
x 3
135
Therefore: 45 x 3 = 135.
Here is an example of multiplying 3-digit number by 1-digit number
with regrouping:
Example: 746 x 8 = ?
Step 1. Arrange the two numbers vertically. 746
x 8
Step 2. Multiply the multiplier to the digit in the ones place.
4 6 x 8 = 48
746 carry over the digit in the tens place and
x 8 bring down the digit in the ones place
8
Step 3. Multiply the multiplier to the digit in the tens place.
4 x 8 = 32
Get the sum of the regrouped digit and the product.
3 4 32 + 4 = 36
746 Bring down the digit 6 of the sum in the tens column.
x 8 Carry over the digit 3 of the sum in the hundreds
68 column.
Step 4. Multiply the multiplier to the digit in the hundreds place.
3 4 (7 x 8) = 56
746 Add the regrouped digit to the product.
x 8 56 + 3 = 59
5968
Therefore: 746 x 8 = 5 968.

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 What’s More

Activity 3

Find the product.

1. 33 2. 721 3. 58 4. 679 5. 382
x 2 x 4 x 9 x 5 x 3

What I Have Learned

How do we multiply 2-to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers

without or with regrouping?
In multiplying 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit number without or with
regrouping:
Step 1. Arrange the two numbers vertically with the multiplicand
place above the multiplier.
Step 2. Multiply the 1-digit multiplier to each digit of the
multiplicand from right to left starting from the ones place then to
the tens place and extend up to the hundreds place.
When the product upon multiplying each pair of digits is a 2-digit
number, apply regrouping. To regroup follow these steps,
a. bring down the digit in the ones place of the product and
carry over its digit in the tens place
b. multiply again the multiplier to the next digit of the
multiplicand then add the regrouped digit

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 What I Can Do

Solve the following problems.

1. Tagbinonga Elementary School Pupils received 48 boxes of toys
from the DTI - Konsumo Mati during their outreach program.
Each box had 4 assorted toys. How many toys were there in all?

2. A wall clock costs ₱128. How much is the cost of 3 clocks?

3. Nico sells 402 puto maya in the market. How much will Nico
earn if his sales are sold out at ₱4 each?

4. Liza has 3 baskets of grapes. There are 476 grapes in each

basket. How many grapes does Liza have altogether?

5. John bought two boxes of books at a yard sale. If each box

had twenty-four books, how many books did he buy?

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 Assessment

Multiply.
1.) 234
x 2

2 ) 93
x 3

3.) 87
x 7

4.) 4 x 123

5.) 5 x 678

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 Additional Activities

Write the numbers for X and Y that when multiplied are equal
to the given product. Choose the pair of numbers from the boxes
X and Y.

1.) 168 2.) 2,898 3.) 603

X=_______ X=_______ X=_______
Y=_______ Y=_______ Y=_______

Box X Box Y

31 40 1 2 3
21 4
201 42 5 8
33 322 9 0

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What I Know What's New What’s More
1. 182
2. 3328 1. 35 x 4 1. 66
3. 192 = (30 + 5) x 4
4. 2720 2. 2 884
= (30 x 4) + (5 x 4)
5. 4984 3. 522
= 120 + 20
= 140 4. 3 395
5. 1 146
2. 14 x 6
= (10 + 4) x 6
= (10 x 6) + (4 x 6)
= 60 + 24
= 84
3. 22 x 5
= (20 + 2) x 5
= (20 x 5) + (2 x 5)
= 100 + 10
= 110
4. 2 x 89
= 2 x (80 + 9)
= (2 x 80) + (2 x 9)
= 160 + 18
= 178
5. 3 x 72
= 3 x (70 + 2)
= (3 x 70) + (3 x 2)
= 210 + 6
= 216
Additional Activity
What I Can Do Assessment
1. 96 toys
1. X = 42
1. 468 Y=4
2. ₱ 384 2. 186
3. ₱1,608 3. 609 2. X = 322
4. 1,428 grapes 4. 492 Y=9
5. 48 books
5. 3 390
3. X = 201
Y=3
Answer Key
References
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/multiplication-word-
problems.html
K-12 Learner’s Material in Math Grade 3
K-12 Teacher’s Guide in Math Grade 3

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