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Grade 12 WK5

Computer

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16 views4 pages

Grade 12 WK5

Computer

Uploaded by

mdankullu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASHA INTERNATIONAL MODEL SCHOOL

GRADE 12 WEEK 5
Database

Definition of Database and DBMS


Database
This a collection of related data organized for rapid search and retrieval. It can also be defined
as a persistent, logically coherent collection of inherently meaningful data, relevant to some
aspects of the real world.
DBMS
(Data Base Management System) is the application software that controls the data in the
database, including overall organization, storage, retrieval, security and data integrity.

Examples of DBMS packages are:


Dbase, Rbase, MS Access, Oracle, Paradox, SQL Server, SyBase, FOXPRO, IDMS, and System
2000.

Basic Terminologies
1. Field: A field is a specific item of information containing a homogenous set of values
throughout the table. Fields appear as columns in a table and as cells in a form.
2. Record: an individual listing of related information consisting of a number of related fields
stored in a table. A record is also called a row in the datasheet.
3. File: this is a collection of records, for example a school database.
4. Primary Key: a field in a table whose value is uniquely identifies each record in the table.
5. Foreign keys: foreign key used to create relationships between tables.
6. Object: An object is a component of a database, such as a table, query, form, or report
7. Query: Query is a request for a particular collection of data in a database.
8. Report: a formatted collection of information organized to provide printed data on a specific
subject.
9. Form: A form is a window or screen that contains numerous fields, or spaces to enter data
10. Table: In database a table is where all the data in a database is stored.

Forms of Database Organization


Different forms of database organization are:
1. Hierarchical
2. Network
3. Relational
Hierarchical
A hierarchical database model is a data model in which the data is organized into a tree-like
structure. It can also be defined as a design that uses a one-to-many relationship for data
elements. The data is stored as records are connected to one another through links.
Hierarchical database models links a number of disparate elements to one "owner," or
"parent," primary record.

Network Database
A network database is a type of database model wherein multiple member records or files can
be linked to multiple owner files and vice versa. In the network model of a database it is
possible for a record to have multiple parents, making the system more flexible compared to
the strict single parents of the hierarchical database.
Relational Database
A relational database is a digital database whose organization is based on the relational model
of data. A relational database is one that presents information in tables with rows and columns.
Records are arranged in rows while fields are arranged in columns. Relational database is the
most common type of database structure. It is used by most microcomputers Database
Management System (DBMS) packages. The various software systems used to maintain
relational databases are known as a relational database management system (RDBMS).

Features of Database Format


i. Files are designed as table
ii. Tables comprise of rows and columns
iii. Row contains related information about a record
iv. Column contains specific type of information a field.

Steps in Creating Database


i. Define the structure
ii. Indicate the field type (numeric character, data, text, etc)
iii. Enter data
iv. Save data
Basic Operations on Already created Database
i. Searching
ii. Modifying
iii. Sorting
iv. Reporting
v. Selecting
vi. Inserting, etc

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