심화영어2 - 2023.

고2 3월 전국연합

Live in each season as it passes;

breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influence of the earth.

by Henry David Thoreau

각각의 계절이 지나는 동안 그 속에서 충만한 삶을 살도록 하자.

신선한 공기를 호흡하고, 자연의 음료를 마시며, 그 열매를 맛보자.
그리고 그것들 하나하나가 우리에게 미치는 영향을 기꺼이 받아들이도록 하자.
20. 다음 글에서 필자가 주장하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? unwanted 원하지 않는
unpleasant 불편한, 불쾌한
The more people have to do unwanted things the more environment 환경
nonetheless 그럼에도 불구하고
chances are that they create unpleasant environment for hatred 증오
develop 키우다
themselves and others. If you hate the thing you do but have acceptance 수용
compassion 연민
to do it nonetheless, you have choice between hating the suitable 적합한
task 과업
thing and accepting that it needs to be done. Either way you situation 상황

SUMMARY
will do it. Doing it from place of hatred will develop hatred

towards the self and others around you; doing it from the

place of acceptance will create compassion towards the self

and allow for opportunities to find a more suitable way of

accomplishing the task. If you decide to accept the fact that

your task has to be done, start from recognising that your

situation is a gift from life; this will help you to see it as a

lesson in acceptance.

① 창의력을 기르려면 익숙한 환경에서 벗어나야 한다.

② 상대방의 무리한 요구는 최대한 분명하게 거절해야 한다.
③ 주어진 과업을 정확하게 파악한 후에 일을 시작해야 한다.
④ 효율적으로 일을 처리하기 위해 좋아하는 일부터 해야 한다.
⑤ 원치 않는 일을 해야만 할 때 수용적인 태도를 갖춰야 한다.

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21. 밑줄 친 helping move the needle forward가 다음 글에서 의 expression 표현
enemy 적
미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]
get over ~을 극복하다
Everyone’s heard the expression don't let the perfect become
obstacle 장애물
policy 방책, 정책
the enemy of the good. If you want to get over an obstacle
mentality 사고방식
be willing to 기꺼이 ~하다
so that your idea can become the solution‑based policy you’ve
alter 바꾸다

long dreamed of, you can’t have an all‑or‑nothing mentality. emerge 나타나다
well‑funded 자금이 충분하게 지원된
You have to be willing to alter your idea and let others conceive 고안하다, 생각하다
succeed in ~에 성공하다
influence its outcome. You have to be okay with the outcome have access to ~에 접근하다
needle 바늘
being a little different, even a little less, than you wanted. Say vastly 훨씬, 대단히

SUMMARY
you’re pushing for a clean water act. Even if what emerges

isn’t as well‑funded as you wished, or doesn’t match how you

originally conceived the bill, you’ll have still succeeded in

ensuring that kids in troubled areas have access to clean

water. That’s what counts, that they will be safer because of

your idea and your effort. Is it perfect? No. Is there more

work to be done? Absolutely. But in almost every case, helping

move the needle forward is vastly better than not helping at

all.

① spending time and money on celebrating perfection

② suggesting cost‑saving strategies for a good cause
③ making a difference as best as the situation allows
④ checking your resources before altering the original goal
⑤ collecting donations to help the education of poor children

일어..나 ㅎ..ㄹ

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22. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? relevance 적합성, 타당성, 관련성
fast track 승진 가도, 빠른 길
Brands that fail to grow and develop lose their relevance. assume 가정하다
ambitious 야심에 찬
Think about the person you knew who was once on the fast victim 희생자
embrace 포용하다, 껴안다
track at your company, who is either no longer with the firm
advance 발전; 발전시키다
or, worse yet, appears to have hit a plateau in his or her executive leadership 경영 지도자
expose 노출하다
career. Assuming he or she did not make an ambitious move, integrate 흡수하다, 통합하다
excel 탁월하다
more often than not, this individual is a victim of having failed resistant 저항하는
ultimately 결국, 궁극적으로
to stay relevant and embrace the advances in his or her
retirement 은퇴
industry. Think about the impact personal computing update 새롭게 하다

SUMMARY
technology had on the first wave of executive leadership

exposed to the technology. Those who embraced the

technology were able to integrate it into their work styles and

excel. Those who were resistant many times found few

opportunities to advance their careers and in many cases were

ultimately let go through early retirement for failure to stay

relevant and update their skills.

* hit a plateau: 정체기에 들다

① 다양한 업종의 경력이 있으면 구직 활동에 유리하다.

② 직원의 다양한 능력을 활용하면 업계를 주도할 수 있다.
③ 기술이 발전함에 따라 단순 반복 업무가 사라지고 있다.
④ 자신의 약점을 인정하면 동료들로부터 도움을 얻기 쉽다.
⑤ 변화를 받아들이지 못하면 업계에서의 적합성을 잃게 된다.

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23. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? consequence 영향, 결과
shed light 밝히다, (빛을) 비추다
What consequences of eating too many grapes and other intake 섭취
cognitively 인지적으로
sweet fruit could there possibly be for our brains? A few large volume 용적, 부피
unusual 특이한
studies have helped to shed some light. In one, higher fruit
associated with ~과 관련된, 연관된
diet 식단, 식습관
intake in older, cognitively healthy adults was linked with less
isolate 분리하다

volume in the hippocampus. This finding was unusual, since component 요소

inverse 역의, 반대의
people who eat more fruit usually display the benefits cortex (대뇌) 피질
outer 바깥의, 외부의
associated with a healthy diet. In this study, however, the latter (둘 중에서) 후자의
excessive 과도한
researchers isolated various components of the subjects’ diets consumption 섭취
metabolic 신진대사의
and found that fruit didn’t seem to be doing their memory processed 가공된

centers any favors. Another study from the Mayo Clinic saw a SUMMARY

similar inverse relationship between fruit intake and volume of

the cortex, the large outer layer of the brain. Researchers in

the latter study noted that excessive consumption of

high-sugar fruit (such as mangoes, bananas, and pineapples)

may cause metabolic and cognitive problems as much as

processed carbs do.

* hippocampus: (대뇌 측두엽의) 해마 ** carb: 탄수화물 식품

① benefits of eating whole fruit on the brain health
② universal preference for sweet fruit among children
③ types of brain exercises enhancing long‑term memory
④ nutritional differences between fruit and processed carbs
⑤ negative effect of fruit overconsumption on the cognitive
brain

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24. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은? self‑conscious 자의식의, 자의식이 강한
awareness 인식
Winning turns on a self‑conscious awareness that others are mess up 망치다
rough 난폭한, 거친
watching. It’s a lot easier to move under the radar when no observe 관찰하다
flaw 실수, 결점
one knows you and no one is paying attention. You can mess
weakness 약점

up and be rough and get dirty because no one even knows personality 성격
role model 본보기
you’re there. But as soon as you start to win, and others start at the expense of ~을 희생하면서
please 기쁘게 하다
to notice, you’re suddenly aware that you’re being observed. apologize 사과하다
permanently 영원히
You’re being judged. You worry that others will discover your
SUMMARY
flaws and weaknesses, and you start hiding your true

personality, so you can be a good role model and good

citizen and a leader that others can respect. There is nothing

wrong with that. But if you do it at the expense of being who

you really are, making decisions that please others instead of

pleasing yourself, you’re not going to be in that position very

long. When you start apologizing for who you are, you stop

growing and you stop winning. Permanently.

① Stop Judging Others to Win the Race of Life

② Why Disappointment Hurts More than Criticism
③ Winning vs. Losing: A Dangerously Misleading Mindset
④ Winners in a Trap: Too Self‑Conscious to Be Themselves
⑤ Is Honesty the Best Policy to Turn Enemies into Friends?

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[31 ∼ 34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. means 수단
assert 발휘하다, 주장하다
31.
get along with ~와 어울리다, ~와 잘
Free play is nature’s means of teaching children that they are
지내다
obedient 복종적인, 순종적인
not __________. In play, away from adults, children really do
subordinate 아랫사람, 부하
deliberately 의도적으로
have control and can practice asserting it. In free play, children
dose (약 등을) 주다
moderate 적절한
learn to make their own decisions, solve their own problems,
negotiate 협상하다
arise 생기다, 일어나다
create and follow rules, and get along with others as equals
verbal 언어적인, 말의

rather than as obedient or rebellious subordinates. In active SUMMARY

outdoor play, children deliberately dose themselves with

moderate amounts of fear and they thereby learn how to

control not only their bodies, but also their fear. In social play

children learn how to negotiate with others, how to please

others, and how to manage and overcome the anger that can

arise from conflicts. None of these lessons can be taught

through verbal means; they can be learned only through

experience, which free play provides.

* rebellious: 반항적인

① noisy ② sociable ③ complicated

④ helpless ⑤ selective

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32. investor 투자자
entirely 전적으로
Many early dot-com investors focused almost entirely on
earn 벌다, 얻다
revenue growth instead of net income. Many early dot-com boost 끌어올리다, 증대시키다
reported 보고되는
companies earned most of their revenue from selling exchange 주고받다, 교환하다
record 보고하다, 기록하다
advertising space on their Web sites. To boost reported expense 비용
accountant 회계사
revenue, some sites began exchanging ad space. Company A criterion 기준 (pl. criteria)
recognition 인식
would put an ad for its Web site on company B’s Web site,
SUMMARY
and company B would put an ad for its Web site on company

A’s Web site. No money ever changed hands, but each

company recorded revenue (for the value of the space that it

gave up on its site) and expense (for the value of its ad that

it placed on the other company’s site). This practice did little

to boost net income and ________________________ ‒ but it did

boost reported revenue. This practice was quickly put to an

end because accountants felt that it did not meet the criteria

of the revenue recognition principle.

* revenue: 수익 ** net income: 순이익

① simplified the Web design process

② resulted in no additional cash inflow
③ decreased the salaries of the employees
④ intensified competition among companies
⑤ triggered conflicts on the content of Web ads

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33. scholar 학자
myth 신화
Scholars of myth have long argued that myth gives structure
amplify 증폭시키다
and meaning to human life; that meaning is amplified when a virtual 가상의
conversely 반대로
myth evolves into a world. A virtual world’s ability to fulfill sustain 지속하다
mere 단지
needs grows when lots and lots of people believe in the handful 몇 명뿐인
immersive 몰입하게 하는
world. Conversely, a virtual world cannot be long sustained by ultimately 최종적으로

a mere handful of adherents. Consider the difference between SUMMARY

a global sport and a game I invent with my nine friends and

play regularly. My game might be a great game, one that is

completely immersive, one that consumes all of my group’s

time and attention. If its reach is limited to the ten of us,

though, then it’s ultimately just a weird hobby, and it has

limited social function. For a virtual world to provide lasting,

wide-ranging value, its participants must ________________________.

When that threshold is reached, psychological value can turn

into wide-ranging social value. [3점]

* adherent: 추종자 ** threshold: 기준점

① be a large enough group to be considered a society

② have historical evidence to make it worth believing
③ apply their individual values to all of their affairs
④ follow a strict order to enhance their self-esteem
⑤ get approval in light of the religious value system

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34. extreme 극심한
harsh 혹독한
It seems natural to describe certain environmental conditions
obvious 명백한

as ‘extreme’, ‘harsh’, ‘benign’ or ‘stressful’. It may seem obvious midday 한낮의

Antarctic 남극
when conditions are ‘extreme’: the midday heat of a desert, physiological 생리적인, 생리학의
tolerance 내성; 관용
the cold of an Antarctic winter, the salinity of the Great Salt cactus 선인장 (pl. cacti)
ecologist 생태학자
Lake. But this only means that these conditions are extreme assume 추정하다
emotive 감정을 나타내는
for us, given our particular physiological characteristics and
SUMMARY

tolerances. To a cactus there is nothing extreme about the

desert conditions in which cacti have evolved; nor are the icy

lands of Antarctica an extreme environment for penguins. It is

lazy and dangerous for the ecologist to assume that

_________________________________. Rather, the ecologist should try

to gain a worm’s‑eye or plant’s-eye view of the environment:

to see the world as others see it. Emotive words like harsh

and benign, even relativities such as hot and cold, should be

used by ecologists only with care. [3점]

* benign: 온화한 ** salinity: 염도

① complex organisms are superior to simple ones

② technologies help us survive extreme environments
③ ecological diversity is supported by extreme environments
④ all other organisms sense the environment in the way we do
⑤ species adapt to environmental changes in predictable ways

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35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? rational 이성적인
outcome 결과
Human processes differ from rational processes in their instinct 본능
intuition 직관
outcome. A process is rational if it always does the right thing variable 변인
pedestrian 보행자
based on the current information, given an ideal performance appearance 모양
precisely 정확히
measure. In short, rational processes go by the book and self‑driving car 자율 주행 자동차
humanly 인간적으로
assume that the book is actually correct. ① Human processes
SUMMARY
involve instinct, intuition, and other variables that don’t

necessarily reflect the book and may not even consider the

existing data. ② As an example, the rational way to drive a

car is to always follow the laws. ③ Likewise, pedestrian

crossing signs vary depending on the country with differing

appearances of a person crossing the street. ④ However, traffic

isn’t rational; if you follow the laws precisely, you end up stuck

somewhere because other drivers aren’t following the laws

precisely. ⑤ To be successful, a self-driving car must therefore

act humanly, rather than rationally.

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[36 ~ 37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것 continuum 연속체
frame 틀을 씌우다
을 고르시오.
specifically 특히
36.
misguide 잘못된 길로 이끌다
expectation 기대
Like positive habits, bad habits exist on a continuum of
imply 암시하다
easy-to-change and hard-to-change. villain 악당
aggressively 격렬하게
(A) But this kind of language (and the approaches it spawns) defeat 패배시키다

SUMMARY
frames these challenges in a way that isn’t helpful or effective.

I specifically hope we will stop using this phrase: “break a

habit.” This language misguides people. The word “break” sets

the wrong expectation for how you get rid of a bad habit.

(B) This word implies that if you input a lot of force in one

moment, the habit will be gone. However, that rarely works,

because you usually cannot get rid of an unwanted habit by

applying force one time.

(C) When you get toward the “hard” end of the spectrum,

note the language you hear — breaking bad habits and

battling addiction. It’s as if an unwanted behavior is a

nefarious villain to be aggressively defeated.

* spawn: 낳다 ** nefarious: 사악한

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

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37. assumption 가정
eventually 결국
A common but incorrect assumption is that we are wholegrain 통곡물로 만든
deep‑seated 뿌리 깊은
creatures of reason when, in fact, we are creatures of both rarely 거의 ~하지 않는
reason and emotion. We cannot get by on reason alone SUMMARY
since any reason always eventually leads to a feeling.
Should I get a wholegrain cereal or a chocolate cereal?

(A) These deep-seated values, feelings, and emotions we have

are rarely a result of reasoning, but can certainly be influenced
by reasoning. We have values, feelings, and emotions before
we begin to reason and long before we begin to reason
effectively.

(B) I can list all the reasons I want, but the reasons have to
be based on something. For example, if my goal is to eat
healthy, I can choose the wholegrain cereal, but what is my
reason for wanting to be healthy?

(C) I can list more and more reasons such as wanting to live
longer, spending more quality time with loved ones, etc., but
what are the reasons for those reasons? You should be able
to see by now that reasons are ultimately based on
non‑reason such as values, feelings, or emotions. [3점]

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

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[38 ~ 39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적 organ 기관, 장기
chunk 덩어리
절한 곳을 고르시오.
intensity 강도
38.
discharge 방출하다
electric field 전기장
In the electric organ the muscle cells are connected in
frequency 주파수

larger chunks, which makes the total current intensity larger interference 간섭

SUMMARY
than in ordinary muscles

Electric communication is mainly known in fish. The electric

signals are produced in special electric organs. When the

signal is discharged the electric organ will be negatively loaded

compared to the head and an electric field is created around

the fish. ( ① ) A weak electric current is created also in

ordinary muscle cells when they contract. ( ② ) The fish varies

the signals by changing the form of the electric field or the

frequency of discharging. ( ③ ) The system is only working

over small distances, about one to two meters. ( ④ ) This is

an advantage since the species using the signal system often

live in large groups with several other species. ( ⑤ ) If many

fish send out signals at the same time, the short range

decreases the risk of interference.

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39. drastically 극적으로
productivity 생산성
For others, whose creativity is more focused on methods tangled 얽힌
deliberation 심사숙고
and technique, creativity may lead to solutions that attack 착수
publication 출판물
drastically reduce the work necessary to solve a problem.
amplify 증폭시키다
substitute 대체하다
Creativity can have an effect on productivity. Creativity leads SUMMARY

some individuals to recognize problems that others do not see,

but which may be very difficult. ( ① ) Charles Darwin’s

approach to the speciation problem is a good example of this;

he chose a very difficult and tangled problem, speciation,

which led him into a long period of data collection and

deliberation. ( ② ) This choice of problem did not allow for a

quick attack or a simple experiment. ( ③ ) In such cases

creativity may actually decrease productivity (as measured by

publication counts) because effort is focused on difficult

problems. ( ④ ) We can see an example in the development

of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which enables us to

amplify small pieces of DNA in a short time. ( ⑤ ) This type

of creativity might reduce the number of steps or substitute

steps that are less likely to fail, thus increasing productivity. [3

점]

* speciation: 종(種) 분화
** polymerase chain reaction: 중합 효소 연쇄 반응

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40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B) puzzle 당황하게 하다
distinguish 구분하다
에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
dimension 차원
A young child may be puzzled when asked to distinguish
evolution 진화
between the directions of right and left. But that same child vertical 수직의
gravity 중력
may have no difficulty in determining the directions of up and positioning 배치
horizontal 수평의
down or back and front. Scientists propose that this occurs
relevant 중요한
because, although we experience three dimensions, only two equally 똑같이
upside down 거꾸로, 거꾸로 뒤집혀
had a strong influence on our evolution: the vertical dimension
invert 뒤바꾸다
as defined by gravity and, in mobile species, the front/back artificial 인공적인

SUMMARY
dimension as defined by the positioning of sensory and

feeding mechanisms. These influence our perception of vertical

versus horizontal, far versus close, and the search for dangers

from above (such as an eagle) or below (such as a snake).

However, the left-right axis is not as relevant in nature. A bear

is equally dangerous from its left or the right side, but not if

it is upside down. In fact, when observing a scene containing

plants, animals, and man‑made objects such as cars or street

signs, we can only tell when left and right have been inverted

if we observe those artificial items.

* axis: 축
⇩
Having affected the evolution of our ____(A)____ perception,
vertical and front/back dimensions are easily perceived, but
the left-right axis, which is not _____(B)_____ in nature, doesn’t
come instantly to us.
(A) (B)
① spatial ······ significant
② spatial ······ scarce
③ auditory ······ different
④ cultural ······ accessible
⑤ cultural ······ desirable

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[41 ~ 42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. creative 창의적인
cut from the same cloth 같은 부류인
Creative people aren’t all cut from the same cloth. They have maturity 성숙도/ sensitivity 민감성
(a) varying levels of maturity and sensitivity. They have approach 접근법/ be aware of ~을 알다
unique 고유한/ personality 성격
different approaches to work. And they’re each motivated by empathy 공감/ adaptability 적응성
different things. Managing people is about being aware of in a row 연속으로, 잇달아
deserve 받아 마땅하다
their unique personalities. It’s also about empathy and promotion 승진
receptive 반응하는, 받아들이는
adaptability, and knowing how the things you do and say will
bundle 묶다/ mindset 사고방식
be interpreted and adapting accordingly. Who you are and connection 연관/ compassion 동감
style 방식/ consistent 일관된
what you say may not be the (b) same from one person to
rock star‑level 록 스타와 같은 수준의
the next. For instance, if you’re asking someone to work a SUMMARY
second weekend in a row, or telling them they aren’t getting
that deserved promotion just yet, you need to bear in mind
the (c) group. Vincent will have a very different reaction to the
news than Emily, and they will each be more receptive to the
news if it’s bundled with different things. Perhaps that
promotion news will land (d) easier if Vincent is given a few
extra vacation days for the holidays, while you can promise
Emily a bigger promotion a year from now. Consider each
person’s complex positive and negative personality traits, their
life circumstances, and their mindset in the moment when
deciding what to say and how to say it. Personal connection,
compassion, and an individualized management style are (e)
key to drawing consistent, rock star-level work out of everyone.

41. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Know Each Person to Guarantee Best Performance
② Flexible Hours: An Appealing Working Condition
③ Talk to Employees More Often in Hard Times
④ How Empathy and Recognition Are Different 너는 작은 솔씨 하나지만
⑤ Why Creativity Suffers in Competition 네 안에는 아름드리 금강속이 들어있다
너는 작은 도토리알이지만
네 안에는 우람한 참나무가 들어있다

42. 밑줄 친 (a)~(e) 중에서 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 너는 지금 작지만 너는 이미 크다

너는 지금 모르지만 너의 때가 오고 있다
것은? 박노해

① (a) ② (b) ③ (c) ④ (d) ⑤ (e)

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