A library is a collection of information resources and services that are
organised,preserved,and made accessible for the purpose of supporting research,teaching and learning. Libraries come in all shapes and sizes,and can be found in schools,universities,public institutions,and even online. It is also the collection of books,periodicals,and other resources. It is a place were collection is kept. Library is an information institution were information resources either printed or non printed materials can be carefully selected,acquired,processed,organised,preserved,and disseminate to the targeted users according to their needs. Library collections are the various materials that a library has available for use,Including books,magazines,newspapers,and electronic resources. Collections are often organised by subject,format,or other categories. They may also be organised by author,date or location. They are different types of library collections.There are four main types and they are:Reference collection,circulating collection,special collection and archival collection. 1)Reference Collection Include materials like encyclopedia,dictionaries,and directories that are for use in the library only. 2)Circulating Collection These are materials that can be checked out by library patrons. 3)Special Collection Include rare or unique materials that require special handling or care. 4)Archival Collection Include historical documents,photographs and other materials that have long term value
Collection of library can further be identified into this following category
1)Core Collection Core collection in form of printed and non printed materials on the various discipline or subject treatment For example,DS ADEGBENRO ICT POLYTECHNIC LIBRARY(Academic library) houses Collection on courses rendered in all faculties in the institution.These collections are Core in nature because it deals with the information that can meet the needs of the library clientele. 2)Foreign Collection These are materials that are written by foreign authors that are outside Nigeria either in Africa,America,Asian,or European countries. These include Africana and Americana.These are document generated by Africans on African among other continents and their environment. 3)Research Collection These include undergraduate and post graduate collections such as projects,thesis,dissertation,and finding of researchers etc. 4)Foreign Collection These are materials that are written by foreign authors that are outside Nigeria either in Africa,American,Asian or European countries. These include Africana and Americana.These are documents generated by Africans on African among other continents and their environment. 5)Audio Visual Materials Audio visual materials are collection that can be pictorial in nature and also brings about sound. These include pictures,motion pictures,films,slides,projectors,transparency,video tapes,film strip,photographs records,diskette,CD,DVD,television,computers,maps,globes,cassette video tapes and video cassette
Purpose Of Collection Development Policy
The main reasons for having a written Collection development policy in a library can be put under four main headings: 1)Selection The most important function of a written collection development policy is to provide guidance to staff when selecting and deselecting resources(printed and non printed)for the collection. The document serves as a guideline for every stage of material handling in the library.It covers the selection,acquisition,processing,weeding,housing,preservation,relegation and discard of all types of library materials In the relevant subjects. 2) Planning When a policy is documented,it helps to provide a sound foundation for future planning, especially when the financial resources are limited.This provides a sound basis for the fair allocation of resources,and helps in library funds protection by explaining the rationale behind acquisition bids. 3)The Wider Context Due to the fact that individual libraries are increasing unable to provide all their services, they are bond together into co operatives,alliances and consortia.In order for these ventures to succeed,there must be mutual knowledge and agreement on which library is collecting unit. SELECTION OF MATERIALS Selection is an essential element in collection development. It is arguably the most important and at the same time,a very demanding job of the librarian,especially when dealing with both(books and non books)print and electronic resources. Selection is an inevitable process and there are several strong arguments for its application .It is not possible to acquire all available information resource because of continued exponential growth in knowledge and published materials. And also collection has to appear as a coherent and cohesive body of materials useful for a particular purpose, usually the collection involved skills, knowledge and appropriate tools are required to select suitable and relevant materials that can meet the needs of the clientele.