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13 views5 pages

Ans Key

Uploaded by

bharathtarun10
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Part-A

1. What are objectives of operatingSystem?


An O.S is a program that manages the computer hardware.It act as an intermediate between
users of a computer and the computer hardware.It controls and coordinates the use of the
hardware among the various application programs for the various users.

2.What characteristics distinguish the various elements of a memory


hierarchy?.
Characteristics are

Cost Per bit


capacity
Access Time
Frequency of access to the memory by the processor
3.What is System Programs?

System programs provides an convenient environment to the user for


developing and executing the programs.
Categories:-

File management
Status Information
File Modification
Programming language support
Program loading & execution
Communication
4.Write the difference between Batch systems and Time sharing
systems.

● A batch is a sequence of jobs. This batch is submitted to batch

processing operating systems, and output would appear some later time
in the form of a program or as program error. To speed up processing
similar jobs are batched together.The major task of batch operating
systems is to transfer control automatically from one job to next. Here
the operating is always in the memory.

● Time sharing or multi-tasking is a logical execution of

multiprogramming. Multiple jobs are executed by the CPU switching


between them. Here the computer system provides on line
communication between the user and the system.

● Here the CPU is never idle. Time shared operating system allows many

users to share the computer simultaneously.

● Time sharing systems requires some sort of memory management and


protection.

5.Distinguish between Multicore and Multiprocessor.


Multicore systems have a single processor with multiple processing units. These
processing units are termed cores. On the other hand, multiprocessor systems
have two or more processors. A multiprocessor system is much more reliable than
a multicore system but a multiprocessor system has a complex configuration
compared to a multicore system. Both multicore processors and multiprocessors
are used to speeding up the computing process of the system.

6. What are the various scheduling criteria for CPU scheduling?


The various scheduling criteria are
● CPU utilization

● Throughput

● Turnaround time

● Waiting time

● Response time

7.Draw & briefly explain the process states

New- The process is being created.

Running – Instructions are being executed


Waiting – The process is waiting for some event to occur
Ready – The process is waiting to be assigned a processor
Terminated - the process has finished execution

8.What is process control block? List out the data field associated with PCB.

Process state
Process number
Program counter
CPU registers
Memory limits
List of open files
CPU scheduling information
Memory management
information
Accounting information
I/O status information

9.What is preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling?

Under non preemptive scheduling once the CPU has been allocated to a
process, the process keeps the CPU until it releases the CPU either by
terminating or switching to the waiting state.
Preemptive scheduling can preempt a process which is utilizing the
CPU in between its execution and give the CPU to another process.
10.What is turnaround time?
Turnaround time is the interval from the time of submission to the time
of completion of a process. It is the sum of the periods spent waiting to get
into memory, waiting in the ready queue, executing on the CPU, and doing
I/O.

Part B&C

1.Explain the purpose of system calls and discuss the calls related to device
management and communications in brief.

2. Consider the following set of processes, with the length of the CPU – burst time given
in Milliseconds:
Process Burst Time Priority

P1 10 3

P2 1 1

P3 2 3

P4 1 4

P5 5 2

The processes are arrived in the order P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, all at time 0.
i)Draw 4 Gantt charts illustrating the execution of these processes using FCFS, SJF
Priority and RR (Time Slice = 1) scheduling
ii)What is the turnaround time of each process for each of the scheduling?

iii)Calculate the waiting time for each of the process

3.Write short notes on operating system services and components.

4. Explain in detail about Inter Process Communication.

5.Describe about Process scheduling and state the differences among short
term,medium term and long term scheduling .

6. Discuss the essential properties of the following types of systems,


i)Time sharing ii)Multiprocessor systems iii)Clustered systems.

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