Governance, Laws, and Politics I 30-item Quiz Rationale

Note: Items with answers are in the latter part.

1. Some European rulers advocated Divine Rights of Kings. This meant that:
A. King was God himself C. King was given by God the authority to rule
B. King was born to rule D. King was God’s representative
2. The Constitution states that we have a democratic and republican state and all
government authority emanates from the:
A. Congress C. President
B. People D. Supreme court
3. What doctrine states that an archipelago should be treated as one unit?
A. Archipelagic doctrine C. Island doctrine
B. Sea Doctrine D. Continental doctrine
4. What element of the state serves as the agency wherein the will of the state is manifested?
A. People C. Sovereignty
B. Territory D. Government
5. A de facto government acquires a de jure status when it gains wide acceptance from
the people and recognition from the community of nations.
A. The statement is true and valid.
B. The statement is an assumption.
C. The statement is a fallacy.
D. The statement is doubtful.
6. In ancient Athens (Greece) tribes and generals took turns at power. This is an example of what
type of political system?
A. Monarchy C. Pure democracy
B. Dictatorship D. Oligarchy
7. In the Philippines, it seems that the best candidates to a position or a job do not always get hired.
Which practice prevents the “best and the brightest” from being hired for position?
A. Merit system C. Nepotism
B. Networking D. Meritocracy
8. What essential power of the state may be exercised by public service corporations?
A. Police power C. Eminent domain and taxation
B. Taxation D. Eminent domain
9. Despite strong protestations from Mang Jose, the government took away from his private
property for public use upon payment to him or just compensation. What power of the State was
involved in the particular case?
A. Police Power C. Power of Taxation
B. Power of Eminent Domain D. Absolute Power of the State
10. It is prerogative inherent in the state where it is called upon to protect those with less than full
capacity to take adequate care of their own interests.
A. Eminent Domain C. Parens patriae
B. Police D. Taxation
11. Which constitutional safeguard exists such that the executive can turn down the legislative
measures and congress can move to remove the president?
A. Veto Power C. Check-and-Balance
B. Impeachment D. Pardoning Power
12. Who has the authority to interpret the constitution?
A. Private individual
B. Courts
C. Legislative and Executive departments of the government
D. All of the given options
13. Who among the following is responsible for determining the existence of probable cause for the
issuance of a warrant of arrest or search warrant?
A. Lawyer C. Police Investigator
B. Prosecutor D. Judge
14. No one is above the law. Ours is a government of laws and not of men. Which principle is
referred to?
A. Rule of minority C. Sovereignty of the people
B. Rule of law D. Democracy
15. Preferential attention to the welfare of the less fortunate in society is the legitimate goal of the
______?
 A. Fisheries law
B. Cooperative movement
C. Constitutional reform
D. Anti-poverty programs
16. Which duty do you fulfill if you give information to the authority on the whereabouts of the
wanted criminals of the country?
A. To uphold the constitution
B. To exercise rights responsibility
C. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities
D. To engage in gainful work.
17. The law which has its applications where the military arm does not supersede civil authority but
is called upon to aid in the execution of its vital functions.
A. Martial law C. Civil law
B. Education act D. National defense act
18. This law promotes responsible family and proper use of reproductive methods to eliminate
overpopulation growth.
A. RH Bill C. Family Planning
B. Reproductive Law D. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law
19. Which is refereed to when a public official or employee is a member of a board, an officer, or a
substantial stockholder of a private corporation or owner or has a substantial interest in a
business, and the interest of such corporation or business, or his rights or duties therein, may be
opposed to or affected by the faithful performance of official duty?
A. Public interest C. Conflict of interest
B. Integrity D. Public accountability
20. Which term refers to a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve
efficiency?
A. Norm C. Red tape
B. Bureaucracy D. Standard
21. Who among the following presidents was known for his nationalistic moves particularly in the
field of economics?
A. Ferdinand Marcos C. Fidel Ramos
 B. Joseph Estrada D. Carlos Garcia
22. The first Filipino appointed by the Americans as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court:
A. Jose Abad Santos C. Cayetano Arellano
B. Gregorio Araneta D. Sergio Osmeña
23. What phenomenon refers to the intensification of all possible interactions that both the state and
none-state actors in the international community?
A. Sovereignty C. Globalization
B. International Community D. United Nations
24. It is a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially and
economically.
A. Nationalism C. Militarism
B. Imperialism D. Mercantilism
25. These are ground for legal annulment of marriage EXCEPT _______.
A. Solemnized without the consent of the parents of the below 21 yrs. old spouse.
B. Physically incapable of consummating the marriage with the other.
C. Consent of either party was obtained by force.
D. One of the spouses is cohabiting with another person aside from the partner.
26. How is marriage considered if a spouse discovers that the person, he or she married has
psychological incapacity?
A. Void after the discovery C. Valid and legit
B. Void from the beginning D. Valid until annulled
27. The female spouse who concealed her pregnancy with a man other than her spouse in marriage
commits a crime of _______.
A. Lying C. Fraud
B. Concealment D. Injustice
28. What does a priest need in order to solemnize marriage legally in the Philippines?
A. Bishop’s approval C. Ordination
B. Civil authority D. Couple’s parental approval
29. When the court granted Pete and Jenny separation from bed and board this frees them from
______.
 A. Sleeping from one bed and one house
B. Conjugal relations and same domicile
C. Care for children
D. Share in financing
30. These are cases when marriage is not allowed under the Family Code of the Philippines,
EXCEPT ______.
A. Grandparent with grandchild
B. Collateral blood relations to 5th degree
C. Stepparent with stepchild
D. Parent-in-law and children-in-law
 Answer key with rationale:
1. Some European rulers advocated Divine Rights of Kings. This meant that:
A. King was God himself C. King was given by God the authority to rule
B. King was born to rule D. King was God’s representative
Rationale:
Theories of the State
• Divine Theory
- given by God
• Necessity / Force Theory
- strongest; war
• Paternalistic
- paternal, father, oldest man
• Social Contract
- people live together in society in accordance with an agreement
2. The Constitution states that we have a democratic and republican state and all
government authority emanates from the:
A. Congress C. President
B. People D. Supreme court
Rationale:
1987 Philippine Constitution, Article II
SECTION 1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the
people and all government authority emanates from them.
3. What doctrine states that an archipelago should be treated as one unit?
A. Archipelagic doctrine C. Island doctrine
B. Sea Doctrine D. Continental doctrine
Rationale:
The “Archipelagic Doctrine” is a legal principle wherein an archipelago is to be regarded as a
single unit, such that the waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago,
irrespective of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of an archipelagic
 state, and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty. This is reflected in Part IV ARCHIPELAGIC
STATE of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and enshrined in
Article I of the Philippine Constitution.
4. What element of the state serves as the agency wherein the will of the state is manifested?
A. People C. Sovereignty
B. Territory D. Government
5. A de facto government acquires a de jure status when it gains wide acceptance from
the people and recognition from the community of nations.
A. The statement is true and valid.
B. The statement is an assumption.
C. The statement is a fallacy.
D. The statement is doubtful.
Rationale:
The Nature And General Principles Of Recognition Of De Facto Governments
N. D. HOUGHTON
A de facto government is one which is actually in control of political affairs in a state or a
section of a state; though it may have been set up in opposition to the de jure government. But if a de
facto government makes good its pretentions to power by completely displacing the authority of the de
jure government, it may come to be considered as de jure.
6. In ancient Athens (Greece) tribes and generals took turns at power. This is an example of what
type of political system?
A. Monarchy C. Pure democracy
B. Dictatorship D. Oligarchy
7. In the Philippines, it seems that the best candidates to a position or a job do not always get hired.
Which practice prevents the “best and the brightest” from being hired for position?
A. Merit system C. Nepotism
B. Networking D. Meritocracy
Rationale:
Padrino System
-patronage
 -is the value system where one gains favor, promotion, or political appointment through family
affiliation or friendship, as opposed to one’s merit.
• Nepotism
-family affiliation
-political dynasty
• Cronyism
-friendship
8. What essential power of the state may be exercised by public service corporations?
A. Police power C. Eminent domain and taxation
B. Taxation D. Eminent domain
9. Despite strong protestations from Mang Jose, the government took away from his private
property for public use upon payment to him or just compensation. What power of the State was
involved in the particular case?
A. Police Power C. Power of Taxation
B. Power of Eminent Domain D. Absolute Power of the State
10. It is prerogative inherent in the state where it is called upon to protect those with less than full
capacity to take adequate care of their own interests.
A. Eminent Domain C. Parens patriae
B. Police D. Taxation
Rationale:
Parens patriae is Latin for "parent of the country or homeland.“
The parens patriae doctrine is also the doctrine in which all orphans, dependent children, and
persons deemed incompetent are within the special protection, and under the control of the state.
11. Which constitutional safeguard exists such that the executive can turn down the legislative
measures and congress can move to remove the president?
A. Veto Power C. Check-and-Balance
B. Impeachment D. Pardoning Power
12. Who has the authority to interpret the constitution?
A. Private individual
B. Courts
 C. Legislative and Executive departments of the government
D. All of the given options
13. Who among the following is responsible for determining the existence of probable cause for the
issuance of a warrant of arrest or search warrant?
A. Lawyer
B. Prosecutor (A prosecutor is a lawyer who works for a state or government
organization and is responsible for starting legal proceedings and then proving in court that the suspect
committed the crime he's accused of.)
C. Police Investigator
D. Judge
Rationale:
ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO. 13
SUPREME COURT CIRCULARS AND ORDERS
SUBJECT: GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURE IN THE ISSUANCE OF SEARCH
WARRANTS

If the judge is thereupon satisfied of the existence of facts upon which the application is based, or
that there is probable cause to believe that they exist, he must issue the warrant, which must be
substantially in the form prescribed by the Rules;
14. No one is above the law. Ours is a government of laws and not of men. Which principle is
referred to?
A. Rule of minority C. Sovereignty of the people
B. Rule of law D. Democracy
15. Preferential attention to the welfare of the less fortunate in society is the legitimate goal of the
______?
A. Fisheries law
B. Cooperative movement
C. Constitutional reform
D. Anti-poverty programs
16. Which duty do you fulfill if you give information to the authority on the whereabouts of the
wanted criminals of the country?
 A. To uphold the constitution
B. To exercise rights responsibility
C. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities
D. To engage in gainful work.
17. The law which has its applications where the military arm does not supersede civil authority but
is called upon to aid in the execution of its vital functions.
A. Martial law C. Civil law
B. Education act D. National defense act
18. This law promotes responsible family and proper use of reproductive methods to eliminate
overpopulation growth.
A. RH Bill C. Family Planning
B. Reproductive Law D. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law
19. Which is refereed to when a public official or employee is a member of a board, an officer, or a
substantial stockholder of a private corporation or owner or has a substantial interest in a
business, and the interest of such corporation or business, or his rights or duties therein, may be
opposed to or affected by the faithful performance of official duty?
A. Public interest C. Conflict of interest
B. Integrity D. Public accountability
20. Which term refers to a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve
efficiency?
A. Norm
B. Bureaucracy (formal organizations characterized by a hierarchy of authority, a clear division
of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality)
C. Red tape
D. Standard
21. Who among the following presidents was known for his nationalistic moves particularly in the
field of economics?
A. Ferdinand Marcos C. Fidel Ramos
B. Joseph Estrada D. Carlos Garcia
22. The first Filipino appointed by the Americans as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court:
A. Jose Abad Santos
 B. Gregorio Araneta
C. Cayetano Arellano (Re-established the Audiencia Territorial as the Supreme Court. He served
as Chief Justice from 1901 until his retirement on April 12, 1920, making him the longest to serve as
chief justice in Philippine history.)
D. Sergio Osmeña
23. What phenomenon refers to the intensification of all possible interactions that both the state and
none-state actors in the international community?
A. Sovereignty
B. International Community
C. Globalization (Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence
of the world's economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in
goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.)
D. United Nations
24. It is a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially and
economically.
A. Nationalism C. Militarism
B. Imperialism D. Mercantilism
25. These are ground for legal annulment of marriage EXCEPT _______.
A. Solemnized without the consent of the parents of the below 21 yrs. old spouse.
B. Physically incapable of consummating the marriage with the other.
C. Consent of either party was obtained by force.
D. One of the spouses is cohabiting with another person aside from the partner.
Rationale:
Art. 45. A marriage may be annulled for any of the following causes, existing at the time of the
marriage:
(1) That the party in whose behalf it is sought to have the marriage annulled was eighteen years
of age or over but below twenty-one, and the marriage was solemnized without the consent of the
parents, guardian, or person having substitute parental authority over the party, in that order, unless after
attaining the age of twenty-one, such party freely cohabited with the other and both lived together as
husband and wife;
(2) That either party was of unsound mind, unless such party after coming to reason, freely
cohabited with the other as husband and wife;
 (3) That the consent of either party was obtained by fraud, unless such party afterwards, with full
knowledge of the facts constituting the fraud, freely cohabited with the other as husband and wife;
(4) That the consent of either party was obtained by force, intimidation or undue influence,
unless the same having disappeared or ceased, such party thereafter freely cohabited with the other as
husband and wife;
(5) That either party was physically incapable of consummating the marriage with the other, and
such incapacity continues and appears to be incurable; or
(6) That either party was afflicted with a sexually-transmissible disease found to be serious and
appears to be incurable.
26. How is marriage considered if a spouse discovers that the person, he or she married has
psychological incapacity?
A. Void after the discovery C. Valid and legit
B. Void from the beginning D. Valid until annulled
Rationale:
Art. 45. A marriage may be annulled for any of the following causes, existing at the time of the
marriage:
(1) That the party in whose behalf it is sought to have the marriage annulled was eighteen years
of age or over but below twenty-one, and the marriage was solemnized without the consent of the
parents, guardian or person having substitute parental authority over the party, in that order, unless after
attaining the age of twenty-one, such party freely cohabited with the other and both lived together as
husband and wife;
(2) That either party was of unsound mind, unless such party after coming to reason, freely
cohabited with the other as husband and wife;
Article 36 of the Family Code
A marriage contracted by any party who, at the time of the celebration of marriage, was
psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential marital obligations of marriage, shall likewise
be void even if such incapacity becomes manifest only after its solemnization.
27. The female spouse who concealed her pregnancy with a man other than her spouse in marriage
commits a crime of _______.
A. Lying C. Fraud
B. Concealment D. Injustice
Rationale:
Art. 46. Any of the following circumstances shall constitute fraud referred to in Number 3 of the
preceding Article:
 (1) Non-disclosure of a previous conviction by final judgment of the other party of a crime
involving moral turpitude;

(2) Concealment by the wife of the fact that at the time of the marriage, she was pregnant by a
man other than her husband;
(3) Concealment of sexually transmissible disease, regardless of its nature, existing at the time of
the marriage; or
(4) Concealment of drug addiction, habitual alcoholism or homosexuality or lesbianism existing
at the time of the marriage.
28. What does a priest need in order to solemnize marriage legally in the Philippines?
A. Bishop’s approval C. Ordination
B. Civil authority D. Couple’s parental approval
Rationale:
Any Reverend/Pastor, Minister, Priest, Imam, or Rabbi of any church or religious sect can
perform and officiate wedding provided that they are authorized by their church and that they have
registered with the civil registrar general. They need to have CRASM or Certificate of Registration of
Authority to Solemnize Marriage. The said license should be issued by Philippine Statistics Authority or
PSA. To verify if the SO is duly registered with PSA you may want to check from Solemnizing Officers
Information System database .
29. When the court granted Pete and Jenny separation from bed and board this frees them from
______.
A. Sleeping from one bed and one house
B. Conjugal relations and same domicile
C. Care for children
D. Share in financing
Rationale:
Two spouses may wish to remain married but not to cohabit, because their desire to live together
has been gravely undermined. In this case, one of the spouses, or the two spouses together, may apply to
the court for a legal separation, technically known as a separation from bed and board.
30. These are cases when marriage is not allowed under the Family Code of the Philippines,
EXCEPT ______.
A. Grandparent with grandchild
B. Collateral blood relations to 5th degree
 C. Stepparent with stepchild
D. Parent-in-law and children-in-law
Rationale:
Art. 38. The following marriages shall be void from the beginning for reasons of public policy:
(1) Between collateral blood relatives whether legitimate or illegitimate, up to the fourth civil
degree;
(2) Between step-parents and step-children;
(3) Between parents-in-law and children-in-law;
(4) Between the adopting parent and the adopted child;
(5) Between the surviving spouse of the adopting parent and the adopted child;