NGEC 4 – MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

Mathematics mathematics and golden ratio appear in

nature. Golden Spirals are common in many
- is a language that makes use of symbols plants and a few animals, as well.
and notations for describing numerical,  Imagination
geometric and graphical relationships.  Color combinations

“Without mathematics, there is no art,” itcshould,

Maxwell and the discovery of
nevertheless, be quite clear that art and
electromagnetic waves mathematics are intimately intertwined (Pacioli).
 Electromagnetism
 radio
Mathematics is a Language
 WiFi
 TV Putting math to work in the “Real World”

 radar,  Mathematics has its own language,

 mobile phones much of which we are already
 microwaves familiar with. For example the digits.
Other examples:  There are many symbols in
mathematics and most are used as a
 Google: Linear algebra, Graph precise form of shorthand.
Theory
 Error correcting codes: Galois
Mathematics is the study of patterns
theory
 Internet: Network theory Looking objects vividly

 Security: Fermat, RSA  numbers

 Medical imaging: Radon Transform  Count the Color
 Communications: FFT, Shannon  Map it Out
 Medical Statistics: Nightingale  Nature

Mathematicians really have made the Mathematics is a Problem Tools

modern world possible. Explore math in the world around Us.

The key to the modern world is information!  Understanding the Problem

Students need to connect math to everyday The biggest mistake people make when solving
living. Math is everywhere. problems is trying to solve them too soon.

 Choose the Right Strategy

turning the words into one or more mathematical
expressions or equations

 Solve the Problem

solve problem with identified equation

Mathematics is an Art  Checking the Solution

Math found in design, portrait , animals, plants.. appropriate equation used to solve what is ask
 In nature
There are physical reasons that
 NGEC 4 – MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

 Make Sure You Understand the 3. Spiral - is a curved pattern that focuses
Result on a center point and a series of circular
shapes that revolve around it.
Slow down and take a minute to think about your
result

FIBONACCI
Mathematics is a process of Thinking Leonardo Pisano
Explore math and will have a brighter future
- Born in Pisa, Italy
 Problem solving.. (1170 – 1250 AD)
 Reasoning and proof...
 Communication ...
 Representation...

PATTERNS
- are lines, shapes, or colors that repeat.
- an Italian number theorist.

- introduced the world to such wide-

Patterns can be seen in: ranging mathematical concepts as what
is now known as the Arabic numbering
-stars system (Hindu Arabic System) the
concept of square roots, number
-fishes sequencing, and even math word
problems.
-striped animals
-natural world

F I BONACCI SEQUENCE
1) Symmetry – it is the different sides of
o The sequence begins with one. Each
something are alike.
subsequent number is the sum of the two
types of symmetry: preceding numbers.
o Fib(n) = Fib(n-1) + Fib(n-2)
a. Bilateral symmetry - is a o Thus the sequence begins as follows:
symmetry in which the left and right o 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144…
sides of the organism can be divided
into approximately mirror image of
each other along the midline. -Fibonacci numbers. have geometric
applications in nature as well.

-The most prominent of these is the Fibonacci

b. Radial Symmetry or Rotational spiral.
Symmetry - is a type of symmetry
around a fixed point known as the - The Fibonacci spiral is constructed by placing
center and can be classified as either together rectangles of relative side lengths
equaling Fibonacci numbers.
cyclic or dihedral.
-A spiral can then be drawn starting from the
corner of the first rectangle of side length 1, all
2. Fractals - is a curve or geometric figure, the way to the corner of the rectangle of side
each part of which has the same statistical length 13.
character as the whole.
a. Tessellation- are patterns that are GOLDEN RATIO
formed by repeated cubes or tiles.
- is a special number found by dividing a line
into two parts so that the longer part divided by
 NGEC 4 – MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

the smaller part is also equal to the whole length Expression – combination of numbers,
divided by the longer part. operations, symbols, and grouping symbols.
Equation - is a mathematical formula that
1. Represented by the Greek letter Phi (Φ) expresses the equality of two expressions.
Algebraic Expression – contains one or
more variables.
2. ~ Phi equals ± 1.6180339887 … and ±
0.6180339887 …

 Addition (Commutative) - Addends

3. ~ Ratio of Phi is 1 : 1.618 or 0.618 : 1 - Added to - The total of
- The sum of. - Increased by
- Plus - More than

 Subtraction (Not commutative)

5 – 1 = 4
Minuend Subtrahend Difference

- Subtracted from - Minus

- The difference between - Less than
- Decreased by

 Multiplication (Commutative) - Factors

(X) x (Y) = 4
Plato (428BC-347BC) Multiplier Multiplicant Product
-describes five possible regular solids
- Times. - The product of
-
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
-Renaissance artist in paintings and
sculptures

o Many of them have a gauge, called

the Golden Mean Gauge,
superimposed over the picture.
o Dr. Eddy Levin DDS, for use in
dentistry and is now used as the
standard for the dental profession.
He developed this gauge.
o The gauge is set so that the two
openings will always stay in the Multiplied by. - Of
Golden Ration as they open and - Twice
close.
o Dentistry – reason for the creation of
gauge.  Division (Not commutative)
6 / 2 = 3
Dividend Divisor Quotient
Variable – Letters or symbols that
represents a mathematical object/unknown -Divided by
value. -The quotient of
 NGEC 4 – MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

-The ratio of

 Power
-The square of
-The cube of
-Exponent 2/3

 Equals
-Equals
-is/are/was/were
-Amounts to

Sequence
- Is a pattern of objects, letters, or
numbers.

Common Sequence:
- Even Numbers
- Odd Numbers
- Multiples of 3
- Multiples of 5
- Square Numbers
- Triangle Numbers

Arithmetic Sequence

- Is a sequence in which a constanct

(d) can be added to each term to get
the next term called an “”

Common Difference

- To find the common difference (d),

subtract any term from one that
follows it.