CHEMISTRY 11/20

Unit 4 ~ Learning Guide Name: ______________________________

Instructions:
Using a pencil, complete the following notes as you work through the related lessons. Show ALL
work as is explained in the lessons. You are required to have this package completed BEFORE
you write your unit test. Do your best and ask questions if you don’t understand anything!

The Mole:

1. What is the definition of a mole? Note that you may also see this term written as mol.

2. What is the value of a mole?

3. How would you enter this number into your calculator?

Avogadro's Number:
1. Fill in the symbols for the following terms

Term Symbol

Avagadro's Number

mole

Number of Particles

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Mole Calculations:
Show your work for all of these questions. Remember to ensure units cancel properly while doing unit
conversions. Hint: If you are ever getting an answer with powers in the 40s then you have a unit conversion
upside down! There are hints for these in the answer key but you should try them on your own first! This
will be true for the rest of the sections in this learning guide as well.

1. How many grams are there in 2.3 moles of sulfur?

2. How many grams are there in 5.15 moles of mercury?

3. How many moles are there in 47 grams of iron?

4. How many moles are there in 215 grams of copper?

5. How many atoms are there in 5.2 moles of zinc?

6. How many atoms are there in 31.6 moles of magnesium?

7. How many moles are there in 7.50x1025 atoms of xenon?

8. How many moles are there in 3.22x1024 atoms of potassium?

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9. How many atoms are there in 37.5g of aluminum?

10. How many grams are there in 5.2 x 1015 atoms of manganese?

Molar Mass and Compounds:

1. Determine the molar mass of the following compounds. Show your work in the box provided.
Remember to provide the correct units in your final answer.

Formula Work Molar Mass

FeS

Ni2O3

C12H22O11

(NH4)3PO4

Mn(MnO4)4

2. What do we use to convert between grams and moles?

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3. Particles is one of the overall term for atoms and molecules. You may also see the term formula
units used when dealing with ionic compounds. What do we use to convert between moles and
particles?

4. How many molecules of MgCl2 are in 205 g of MgCl2?

5. How many atoms of hydrogen are there in 25.3g of CH4. Note this will require THREE unit
conversions to answer correctly!

6. How many oxygen atoms are there in 98.4g of oxygen gas. Hint: oxygen gas just might be
diatomic! Be warned that on a test you will NOT be told if an element is diatomic. You need to
memorize the diatomic elements.

7. If a sample of Fe2S3 contains 1.25x1015 iron atoms what is the mass in grams?

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Characteristics & Molar Volume of Gases:

1. What does STP stand for?

2. What is the main difference between STP and SATP? Please don't say the A!

3. What is the molar volume at STP and SATP? Be sure to include the correct units. Note that these
values are on your data table so you do NOT need to memorize them.

4. What volume in litres does 27.3 g of argon gas occupy at STP?

5. What volume in litres does 85.4 g of nitrogen gas occupy at SATP?

6. How many moles of bromine gas are there in a volume of 80.0L at STP?

7. How many atoms of hydrogen are there in 129 L of ethane gas (C2H6) at SATP?

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Molar Concentration (Molarity):

1. What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

2. If 33.7 moles of MgCl2 is dissolved to make 8.3L of solution, what is the molarity of the solution?

3. If 275.2g of KMnO4 is dissolved in to make 0.500 L of solution, what is the molar concentration
of the solution?

4. 205 L of carbon dioxide gas at STP is compressed and then dissolved in 10.0 L of water. What is
the molar concentration of the resulting solution?

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Solutions and Dilutions:

1. Why is a volumetric flask much better than a beaker for preparing solutions with accurate known
concentrations?

2. If [K3PO4 ] = 0.250 M, how many grams of K3PO4 are in 750.0 mL of solution? Remember that
M is the same as mol/L.

3. What volume in mL of 0.600 M aluminum sulfate solution can be prepared using 35.00 grams of
aluminum sulfate ? Hint: Remember you need to balance aluminum and sulfate to create the
correct chemical formula

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4. What is the resulting concentration of BaBr2(aq) when 400. mL of water are added to 375. mL of
0.350 M BaBr2 (aq) ?

5. How much water needs to be added to 15.0 mL of a concentrated solution of HCl(aq) to lower it's
concentration to 1.00 M? [concentrated HCl(aq)] =11.6 M.

Answers:
Mole Calculations Hints: This is the layout you need to solve these questions. Notice that the
units always cancel!
() ( 0(
1. ___mol S x ____*+, ) = 2. ___ mol Hg x ___*+, 0( =

*+, 34 *+, 78
3. ___ g Fe x ___ ( 34
= 4. ___ g Cu x ___ ( 78 =

;<+*= >? ;<+*= A(

5. ___ mol Zn x ___ *+, >?
= 6. ___ mol Mg x ___ *+, A(
=

*+, F4 *+, F4
7. ___ atoms Xe x ___ ;<+*= F4 = 8. ___ atoms K x ___ ;<+*= H =

*+, J, ___ ;<+*= J, *+, A? ( A?

9. ___ g Al x ___ ( J, x K *+, J,
= 10. ___ atoms Mn x ___ ;<+*= A? x ___ *+, A? =

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Mole Calculations Answers:

1. 74 g S 2. 1030 g S or 1.030x103 g Hg 3. 0.84 mol Fe 4. 3.38 mol Cu

5. 3.1 x 1024 atoms Zn 6. 1.90 x 1025 atoms Mg 7. 125 mol Zn

8. 5.35 mol K 9. 8.37 x 1023 atoms Al 10. 4.7 x 10-7 g Mn

Molar Mass and Compounds Hints: This is the layout you need to solve these questions. Notice
that the units always cancel!
*+, A(7,M *+,4N8,4= A(7,M
4. ___ g MgClL x ___ ( A(7,M
x ___ *+, A(7,M
=

*+, 70P *+,4N8,4= 70P ;<+*= 0

5. ___ CHO x ___ 70P
x ___ *+, 70P
x ___ *+,4N8,4 70 =
P

*+, RM *+,4N8,4= RM ;<+*= R

6. ___ g OL x ___ ( RM
x ___ *+, RM
x ___ *+,4N8,4 R =
M

*+,4N8,4 34M )S *+, 34 ) ( 34 )

7. ___ atoms Fe x ___ ;<+*= 34
x ___ *+,4N8,4M 34S M S
x ___ *+, 34 =
M )S ) M S

Molar Mass and Compounds Answers:

1. 87.91 g/mol, 165.38 g/mol, 342.34 g/mol, 149.12 g/mol, 530.70 g/mol

4. 1.30x1024 molecules MgCl2 5. 3.80x1024 atoms H

6. 3.70x1024 atoms O 7. 2.16x10-7 g Fe2S3

Characteristics & Molar Volume of Gases Hints: This is the layout you need to solve these
questions. Notice that the units always cancel!
*+, JU V JU *+, WM VW
4. ___ Ar x ___ ( JU
x ___ *+, JU = 5. ___ x ___ ( WM
x ___ *+,MW =
M

*+, YUM
6. ___ BrL x ___ V YUM
=

*+, 7M 0[ *+,4N8,4= 7M 0[ ;<+*= 0

7. ___ CL HZ x ___ 7M 0[
x ___ *+, 7M 0[
x ___ *+,4N8,4 7 =
M 0[

Characteristics & Molar Volume of Gases Answers:

4. 15.3 L Ar 5. 75.6 L N2 6. 3.57 mol Br2 7. 1.88x1025 atoms H

Molar Concentration Answers:

2. [MgCl2] = 4.1 M 3. [KMnO4] = 3.48 M 4. [CO2] = 0.915 M

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Solutions and Dilutions Hints:

V HS_RP *+, HS _RP ( HS_RP

2. ___ mL K ] POO x x x ___ =
___ *V HS_RP ___ V HS_RP *+, HS _RP

*+, J,M ()RP )S V J, ()RP)S

M *V J,M ()RP)S
3. ___ g AlL (SOO )] x x ___ *+, J, x
___ ( J,M ()RP)S M ()RP)S ___ V J,M ()RP)S

4 and 5. Remember that: [Final] x Final Volume = [Initial] x Initial Volume

Solutions and Dilutions Answers:

2. 39.8 g K3PO4 3. 170. mL Al2(SO4)3 4. [Final] = 0.169 M

4. 0.169 M 5. Water added = 159 mL

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