7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example

Problem 1: g(x) = x3 − x − 1
1. Evaluate the function at boundaries:

g(1) = 13 − 1 − 1 = −1
g(2) = 23 − 2 − 1 = 5

Since g(1) < 0 and g(2) > 0, the root lies in the interval [1, 2].

2. Apply the bisection method and stop at the 10th iteration:

Iteration 1:

Set a = 1, b = 2.
Calculate the midpoint:

1+2
x1 = = 1.5
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x1 ): ​

g(1.5) = (1.5)3 − 1.5 − 1 = −0.125

Since g(1.5) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 2].

Iteration 2:

Update the interval based on g(1.5) < 0 and g(2) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 2.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 2
x2 = = 1.75
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x2 ): ​

g(1.75) = (1.75)3 − 1.75 − 1 = 1.609375

Since g(1.75) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.75].

Iteration 3:

Update the interval based on g(1.5) < 0 and g(1.75) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.75.
Calculate the midpoint:
https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 1/7
7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example
1.5 + 1.75
x3 = = 1.625
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x3 ): ​

g(1.625) = (1.625)3 − 1.625 − 1 = 0.666015625

Since g(1.625) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.625].

Iteration 4:

Update the interval based on g(1.5) < 0 and g(1.625) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.625.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 1.625
x4 = = 1.5625
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x4 ): ​

g(1.5625) = (1.5625)3 − 1.5625 − 1 = 0.252197265625

Since g(1.5625) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.5625].

Iteration 5:

Update the interval based on g(1.5) < 0 and g(1.5625) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.5625.
Calculate the midpoint:
1.5 + 1.5625
x5 = = 1.53125
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x5 ): ​

g(1.53125) = (1.53125)3 − 1.53125 − 1 = 0.059600830078125

Since g(1.53125) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.53125].

Iteration 6:

Update the interval based on g(1.5) < 0 and g(1.53125) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.53125.
Calculate the midpoint:
1.5 + 1.53125
x6 = = 1.515625
2
​ ​

https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 2/7
7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example

Evaluate g(x6 ): ​

g(1.515625) = (1.515625)3 − 1.515625 − 1 = −0.034053802490234375

Since g(1.515625) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.515625, 1.53125].

Iteration 7:

Update the interval based on g(1.515625) < 0 and g(1.53125) > 0:

a = 1.515625, b = 1.53125.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.515625 + 1.53125
x7 = = 1.5234375
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x7 ): ​

g(1.5234375) = (1.5234375)3 − 1.5234375 − 1 = 0.012250423431396484

Since g(1.5234375) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.515625, 1.5234375].

Iteration 8:

Update the interval based on g(1.515625) < 0 and g(1.5234375) > 0:

a = 1.515625, b = 1.5234375.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.515625 + 1.5234375
x8 = = 1.51953125
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x8 ): ​

g(1.51953125) = (1.51953125)3 − 1.51953125 − 1 = −0.010971248149871826

Since g(1.51953125) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.51953125, 1.5234375].

Iteration 9:

Update the interval based on g(1.51953125) < 0 and g(1.5234375) > 0:

a = 1.51953125, b = 1.5234375.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.51953125 + 1.5234375
x9 = = 1.521484375
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x9 ): ​

https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 3/7
7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example
3
g(1.521484375) = (1.521484375) − 1.521484375 − 1 = 0.0006221756339073181
Since g(1.521484375) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.51953125, 1.521484375].

Iteration 10:

Update the interval based on g(1.51953125) < 0 and g(1.521484375) > 0:

a = 1.51953125, b = 1.521484375.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.51953125 + 1.521484375
x10 = = 1.5205078125
2
​ ​

Evaluate g(x10 ): ​

g(1.5205078125) = (1.5205078125)3 − 1.5205078125 − 1 = −0.005178886443376541

Since g(1.5205078125) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5205078125, 1.521484375].

After 10 iterations, the approximate root of g(x) = x3 − x − 1 in the interval [1, 2] is x10 = 1.5205078125.
​

Problem 2: h(x) = x3 + 4x2 − 10

1. Evaluate the function at boundaries:

h(1) = 13 + 4(1)2 − 10 = −5
h(2) = 23 + 4(2)2 − 10 = 14

Since h(1) < 0 and h(2) > 0, the root lies in the interval [1, 2].

2. Apply the bisection method and stop at the 10th iteration:

Iteration 1:

Set a = 1, b = 2.
Calculate the midpoint:

1+2
x1 = = 1.5
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x1 ): ​

h(1.5) = (1.5)3 + 4(1.5)2 − 10 = −0.875

Since h(1.5) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 2].

Iteration 2:

https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 4/7
7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example

Update the interval based on h(1.5) < 0 and h(2) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 2.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 2
x2 = = 1.75
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x2 ): ​

h(1.75) = (1.75)3 + 4(1.75)2 − 10 = 6.609375

Since h(1.75) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.75].

Iteration 3:

Update the interval based on h(1.5) < 0 and h(1.75) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.75.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 1.75
x3 = = 1.625
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x3 ): ​

h(1.625) = (1.625)3 + 4(1.625)2 − 10 = 2.966796875

Since h(1.625) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.625].

Iteration 4:

Update the interval based on h(1.5) < 0 and h(1.625) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.625.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 1.625
x4 = = 1.5625
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x4 ): ​

h(1.5625) = (1.5625)3 + 4(1.5625)2 − 10 = 1.107666015625

Since h(1.5625) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.5625].

Iteration 5:

Update the interval based on h(1.5) < 0 and h(1.5625) > 0:

https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 5/7
7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example

a = 1.5, b = 1.5625.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 1.5625
x5 = = 1.53125
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x5 ): ​

h(1.53125) = (1.53125)3 + 4(1.53125)2 − 10 = 0.08380126953125

Since h(1.53125) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5, 1.53125].

Iteration 6:

Update the interval based on h(1.5) < 0 and h(1.53125) > 0:

a = 1.5, b = 1.53125.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.5 + 1.53125
x6 = = 1.515625
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x6 ): ​

h(1.515625) = (1.515625)3 + 4(1.515625)2 − 10 = −0.3973236083984375

Since h(1.515625) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.515625, 1.53125].

Iteration 7:

Update the interval based on h(1.515625) < 0 and h(1.53125) > 0:

a = 1.515625, b = 1.53125.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.515625 + 1.53125
x7 = = 1.5234375
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x7 ): ​

h(1.5234375) = (1.5234375)3 + 4(1.5234375)2 − 10 = −0.16130828857421875

Since h(1.5234375) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5234375, 1.53125].

Iteration 8:

Update the interval based on h(1.5234375) < 0 and h(1.53125) > 0:

a = 1.5234375, b = 1.53125.

https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 6/7
7/5/24, 11:45 PM Bisection Method Solution Example

Calculate the midpoint:

1.5234375 + 1.53125
x8 = = 1.52734375
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x8 ): ​

h(1.52734375) = (1.52734375)3 + 4(1.52734375)2 − 10 = −0.03934478759765625

Since h(1.52734375) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.52734375, 1.53125].

Iteration 9:

Update the interval based on h(1.52734375) < 0 and h(1.53125) > 0:

a = 1.52734375, b = 1.53125.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.52734375 + 1.53125
x9 = = 1.529296875
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x9 ): ​

h(1.529296875) = (1.529296875)3 + 4(1.529296875)2 − 10 = 0.022180557250976562

Since h(1.529296875) > 0, the root remains in the interval [1.52734375, 1.529296875].

Iteration 10:

Update the interval based on h(1.52734375) < 0 and h(1.529296875) > 0:

a = 1.52734375, b = 1.529296875.
Calculate the midpoint:

1.52734375 + 1.529296875
x10 = = 1.5283203125
2
​ ​

Evaluate h(x10 ): ​

h(1.5283203125) = (1.5283203125)3 + 4(1.5283203125)2 − 10 = −0.00856637954711914

Since h(1.5283203125) < 0, the root remains in the interval [1.5283203125, 1.529296875].

After 10 iterations, the approximate root of h(x) = x3 + 4x2 − 10 in the interval [1, 2] is x10 =
​

1.5283203125.

https://chatgpt.com/c/7e83363f-903d-455f-a215-76840da6d632 7/7