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Normal Formsin Database

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Normal Formsin Database

Uploaded by

Nirmal Kumar V
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Normal Forms in Database

Databases and Practice -Menna Khaliel


What is Normalization Process?
Redundancy in a relation may causes insertion, deletion, and update
anomalies
● Normalization is database design technique that minimizes redundancy
from a relation or a set of relations.
● Normalization rules divides larger tables into smaller tables and links
them using relationship
Normalization Rules: Normal Forms
● Normal Forms are maintenance rules that are used to eliminate or reduce the
redundancy in database relations:
The Theory of Data Normalization is
○ 1NF (First Normal Form) still being developed further. For
○ 2NF (Second Normal Form) example, there are discussions even
○ 3NF (Third Normal Form) on 6th Normal Form. However, in
most practical applications,
○ BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form) normalization achieves its best in
○ 4NF (Fourth Normal Form) 3rd Normal Form

○ 5NF (Fifth Normal Form)


○ 6NF (Sixth Normal Form)
First Normal Form –1NF
RULES:

1. Each table cell should contain a


single value
2. Each record needs to be unique 1NF
Second Normal Form –2NF
RULES:
1. Be in 1NF
2. all non-key attributes are fully
functional dependent on the 2NF
primary key.

Table1

Table2
Transitive Functional Dependencies
A transitive functional dependency
is when changing a non-key column,
might cause any of the other
non-key columns to change
Third Normal Form –3NF
RULES:

1. Be in 2NF
2. No transition dependency
exists. 3NF

Table3
Table1
SAME TWO
NEW TABLE
TABLES

Table2
References
● What is Normalization in DBMS (SQL)? 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF Database with
Example
● Normal Forms in DBMS - GeeksforGeeks
● DBMS Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF and BCNF with Examples - javatpoint

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