U.S.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Fiscal Year 2023

Budget Summary
 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
FISCAL YEAR 2023 BUDGET SUMMARY
TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. SUMMARY OF THE 2023 BUDGET REQUEST ........................................................................................... 6

K-12 Education .............................................................................................................................. 6

Bridging the Education Pipeline .................................................................................................... 8

An Education Beyond High School ................................................................................................ 8

II. THE 2023 EDUCATION BUDGET BY PROGRAM AREA .......................................................................... 10

A. Elementary and Secondary Education .................................................................................... 10

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 10

Title I Grants to Local Educational Agencies ...................................................................... 12

Full-Service Community Schools (FSCS) ........................................................................... 12

21st Century Community Learning Centers ........................................................................ 13

Supporting Effective Instruction State Grants ..................................................................... 13

Teacher and School Leader Incentive Grants ...................................................................... 13

Supporting Effective Educator Development (SEED) ........................................................ 14

School Leader Recruitment and support .............................................................................. 14

School-Based Health Professionals ..................................................................................... 14

School Safety National Activities ........................................................................................ 15

Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants ............................................................ 15

English Language Acquisition ............................................................................................. 15

Promise Neighborhoods....................................................................................................... 16

Fostering Diverse Schools ................................................................................................... 16

Magnet Schools Assistance ................................................................................................. 16

1
 Training and Advisory Services .......................................................................................... 17

Charter Schools Grants ........................................................................................................ 17

Migrant Education ............................................................................................................... 17

Neglected, Delinquent, and At-Risk Students ..................................................................... 18

Education for Homeless Children and Youths..................................................................... 18

Rural Education ................................................................................................................... 19

Indian Education .................................................................................................................. 19

Native Hawaiian Education ................................................................................................. 20

Alaska Native Education ..................................................................................................... 20

State Assessments ................................................................................................................ 20

Education Innovation and Research .................................................................................... 21

Comprehensive Literacy Development Grants .................................................................... 21

Innovative Approaches to Literacy ...................................................................................... 21

American History and Civics Education.............................................................................. 22

Arts in Education ................................................................................................................. 22

Javits Gifted and Talented Education .................................................................................. 22

Ready to Learn Programming (RTL)................................................................................... 23

Statewide Family Engagement Centers ............................................................................... 23

Comprehensive Centers ....................................................................................................... 23

Impact Aid ........................................................................................................................... 24

Supplemental Education Grants........................................................................................... 25

B. Special Education and Rehabilitation Services ...................................................................... 26

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 26

Grants to States .................................................................................................................... 27

Preschool Grants .................................................................................................................. 28

2
 Grants for Infants and Families ........................................................................................... 28

State Personnel Development .............................................................................................. 28

Technical Assistance and Dissemination ............................................................................. 29

Personnel Preparation .......................................................................................................... 29

Parent Information Centers .................................................................................................. 29

Educational Technology, Media, and Materials .................................................................. 30

Special Olympics Education Program ................................................................................. 30

Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants................................................................................ 30

Client Assistance State Grants ............................................................................................. 31

Training................................................................................................................................ 31

Demonstration and Training ................................................................................................ 31

Supported Employment State Grants ................................................................................... 32

Independent Living Services for Older Blind Individuals ................................................... 32

Protection and Advocacy of Individual Rights .................................................................... 32

Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults ....................................... 33

Randolph-Sheppard Vending Facility Program ................................................................... 33

Special Institutions for Persons with Disabilities ................................................................ 33

C. Career, Technical and Adult Education.................................................................................. 35

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 35

Career and Technical Education .......................................................................................... 36

Adult Education ................................................................................................................... 37

D. Student Financial Assistance .................................................................................................. 38

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 38

Student Aid Summary Tables (Budget Authority) .............................................................. 39

Aid Available to Students .................................................................................................... 40

3
 Number of Student Aid Awards .......................................................................................... 41

Federal Pell Grant Program ................................................................................................. 42

Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants ...................................................... 43

Federal Work-Study............................................................................................................. 43

Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grants ................................................................................... 44

TEACH Grants .................................................................................................................... 45

Federal Family Education Loans and Direct Loans ............................................................. 46

New Loan Volume ............................................................................................................... 47

E. Higher Education Programs ................................................................................................... 49

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 49

Aid for Institutional Development ....................................................................................... 51

Aid for Hispanic-Serving Institutions .................................................................................. 53

International Education and Foreign Language Studies (IEFLS) ........................................ 54

Tribally Controlled Postsecondary Career and Technical Institutions ................................ 54

Special Programs for Migrant Students ............................................................................... 54

Federal TRIO Programs ....................................................................................................... 55

Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) ......... 55

Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) ................................................ 56

Transition Programs for Students with Intellectual Disabilities into Higher Education
(TPSID) ........................................................................................................................... 56

Child Care Access Means Parents In School ....................................................................... 56

Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education...................................................... 57

Teacher Quality Partnership (TQP) ..................................................................................... 57

Augustus F. Hawkins Centers of Excellence ....................................................................... 58

Howard University............................................................................................................... 59

Academic Facilities ............................................................................................................. 59

4
 F. Institute of Education Sciences ............................................................................................... 60

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 60

Research, Development, and Dissemination ....................................................................... 60

Statistics ............................................................................................................................... 60

Regional Educational Laboratories ...................................................................................... 61

Assessment .......................................................................................................................... 61

Research in Special Education ............................................................................................. 61

Statewide Longitudinal Data Systems ................................................................................. 62

Special Education Studies and Evaluations ......................................................................... 62

G. Departmental Management..................................................................................................... 63

Overview.............................................................................................................................. 63

Salaries and Expenses (S&E) Overview .............................................................................. 64

III. APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................................. 67

5
 “Federal budgets are an expression of values. This proposal reflects the Biden-Harris Administration’s
deep belief in the importance of education and the success and wellbeing of our nation’s students. It’s my
hope that Congress answers the President’s call for continued investments that help our schools hire and
support more teachers, school counselors, and other personnel who can nurture the social, emotional, and
academic development and mental well-being of our children and youth in this critical time and beyond.
Across the country, we must focus our efforts on recovery. That means ensuring all students—especially
those from underserved communities and those most impacted by the pandemic—receive the resources they
need to thrive. Importantly, this budget also invests in access to affordable higher education and the
creation of stronger pathways that meet the demands of our workforce and connect students to well-paying
jobs and fulfilling careers.”

-Secretary of Education Miguel Cardona

I. SUMMARY OF THE 2023 BUDGET REQUEST

The fiscal year 2023 Budget Request continues to make good on President Biden’s commitment to reverse
years of underinvestment in Federal education programs and, building on the fiscal year 2022 Budget
Request and investments in the American Rescue Plan, continues to address the significant inequities that
millions of students—disproportionately students of color—families, and educators confront every day in
underserved schools and colleges across America. While the main challenge over the past two years has
been safely re-opening schools for in-person instruction, the COVID-19 pandemic has also changed the
education landscape moving forward. The fiscal year 2023 President’s Budget for the Department of
Education would make historic investments in the Nation’s future prosperity including by increasing aid
for schools with high-poverty rates; helping meet the needs of students with disabilities; and expanding
access to higher education and increasing college completion.

Overall, the fiscal year 2023 Budget requests $88.3 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of
Education, a $15.3 billion or 20.9 percent increase from the 2021 enacted level (less rescissions).

The President is also committed to working with Congress to enact his plan to lower costs for American
families and expand the productive capacity of the American economy. This plan includes proposals to cut
college costs, including through tuition-free community college and expanded support for Historically
Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Tribal Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), and
minority-serving institutions (MSIs), and support families with access to free, high-quality preschool. The
fiscal year 2023 Budget Request includes the following key initiatives:

K-12 EDUCATION

PROPOSES HISTORIC INVESTMENTS IN SCHOOLS WITH HIGH-POVERTY RATES

To advance the goal of providing a high-quality education to every student, the Budget includes
$36.5 billion for Title I, including $20.5 billion in discretionary funding and $16 billion in mandatory
funding, which more than doubles the program’s funding compared to the 2021 enacted level. Title I helps
schools provide students from low-income communities the learning opportunities and supports they need
to succeed. This substantial new support for the program, which serves 25 million students in nearly 90
percent of school districts across the Nation, would be a major step toward fulfilling the President’s
commitment to addressing long-standing funding disparities between under-resourced schools – which
disproportionately serve students of color – and their wealthier counterparts.

6
PRIORITIZES THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF STUDENTS
Disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic continue to take a toll on the physical and mental health of
students, educators, and school staff. Recognizing the profound effect of physical and mental health on
student social, emotional, and academic success, among other investments, the Budget includes a $1 billion
investment to increase the number of counselors, nurses, school psychologists, social workers, and other
health professionals in schools.

INCREASES SUPPORT FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

The President is committed to ensuring that children and youth with disabilities receive the services and
support they need to thrive in school and graduate ready for college or a career. The Budget provides an
additional $3.3 billion over 2021 enacted levels – the largest two-year increase ever – for Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Grants to States, with a total of $16.3 billion to support special education
and related services for students in grades Pre-K through 12. The Budget also doubles funding to $932
million for IDEA Part C grants, which support early intervention services for infants and families with
disabilities that have a proven record of improving academic and developmental outcomes. The increased
funding would support States in implementing critical reforms to expand their enrollment of underserved
children, including children of color, children from low-income backgrounds and children living in rural
areas. The increase also includes $200 million to expand and streamline enrollment of children at risk of
developing disabilities, which would help mitigate the need for more extensive services later in childhood
and further expand access to the program for underserved children. The Budget also more than doubles
funding to $250 million for IDEA Part D Personnel Preparation grants to support a pipeline of special
educators at a time when the majority of states are experiencing a shortage of special educators.

DRAMATICALLY EXPANDS SUPPORT FOR FULL SERVICE COMMUNITY SCHOOLS

Community schools play a critical role in providing comprehensive integrated support services to students
and their families, such as health and nutrition services and adult education opportunities; expanded
enrichment and learning opportunities such as afterschool programs; strong family and community
engagement; and collaborative leadership and practices for educators, which together have proven to
improve academic outcomes for students. The Budget includes $468 million for this program, an increase
of $438 million above the 2021 enacted level. Within this increase, $25 million would help school
districts design and implement integrated student supports focused on addressing a range of student and
family needs including meeting student social, emotional, mental health, physical health, and academic
needs and providing resources and services to meet family needs, including through cross-agency efforts
and partnerships with community-based organizations and other family support providers external to the
school site.

INVESTS IN EDUCATOR RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION

While the education sector has faced shortages in critical staffing areas for decades, which
disproportionately impact students of color and students from low-income backgrounds, the COVID-19
pandemic and tight labor market has made shortages worse, negatively impacting the education students
receive and continuing to fall hardest on students in underserved communities. In addition to comprehensive
investments across several programs to support a diverse and well-prepared pipeline of educators, the
Budget includes $514 million for the Education Innovation and Research program, of which the Department
would target $350 million towards identifying and scaling models that improve recruitment and retention
of staff in education, including models that would improve resources and support for educators, and provide
teacher access to leadership opportunities that improve teacher retention and expand the impact of great
teachers within and beyond their classrooms.

7
SUPPORTS MULTILANGUAGE LEARNERS
Students who are English learners (ELs) were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic,
including multiple transitions to and from remote learning during the pandemic. The Budget would provide
$1.075 billion for the English Language Acquisition (ELA) program, $278 million above the 2021 enacted
level, or a 35 percent increase, including additional funding to provide technical assistance and build local
capacity to better support multilanguage learners and their teachers. The ELA program helps students
learning English attain English proficiency and achieve academic success.

FOSTERS DIVERSE SCHOOLS

The segregation of students by race and income undermines the promise made nearly 70 years ago following
the Supreme Court’s ruling in Brown v. Board of Education that public schools provide an equal
opportunity for all students to learn and succeed. The Budget includes $100 million for a grant program to
help communities voluntarily develop and implement strategies to promote racial and socioeconomic
diversity in their schools and classrooms. The program would require applicants to demonstrate meaningful
and ongoing community engagement throughout the development and implementation of their plans.

BRIDGING THE EDUCATION PIPELINE

REIMAGINES THE HIGH SCHOOL TO POSTSECONDARY TRANSITION

Reimagining traditional educational pathways to improve equitable opportunities is a critical component of
the President’s vision to increase successful outcomes for all students. The Budget provides an additional
$200 million investment focused on a new Career-Connected High Schools initiative to support competitive
grants to partnerships of local educational agencies, institutions of higher education, and employers to
increase the integration and alignment of the last two years of high school and the first two years of
postsecondary education, in order to improve postsecondary and career outcomes for all students, including
students of color and students from low-income backgrounds.

AN EDUCATION BEYOND HIGH SCHOOL

PROPOSES HISTORIC INVESTMENTS IN COLLEGE AFFORDABILITY

To increase equitable and affordable access to an education beyond high school, the Budget would increase
the maximum Pell Grant by $2,175 over the 2021-2022 award year, through a combination of discretionary
and mandatory funding, helping an estimated 6.7 million students from low- and middle-income
backgrounds overcome financial barriers. This historic increase is one piece of the Budget’s comprehensive
proposal to double the maximum Pell Grant by 2029. In addition to these critical investments, the
Administration continues to support expanding federal student aid, including Pell Grant eligibility, to
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) recipients, commonly known as DREAMers.

MAKES SIGNIFICANT COMMITMENTS TO POSTSECONDARY COMPLETION AND STUDENT BASIC

NEEDS
The President is committed to not only ensuring an education beyond high school is accessible and
affordable, but that students are provided with the equitable access to resources and supports to persist and
complete. The Budget supports strategies to improve the retention, transfer, and completion rates of students
by creating a Retention and Completion Grant program in the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary

8
Education (FIPSE) using a tiered evidence model. The proposed investments in the Budget also promote
academic success by providing critical resources to support students’ basic needs, including a $40 million
increase to institutions providing affordable child care for low-income student parents. In addition, the
request includes significant increases for Federal TRIO programs and GEAR UP to expand services that
promote access and completion in higher education for underserved individuals.

INCREASES EQUITABLE FUNDING FOR HBCUS, TCCUS, AND MSIS

The Budget would enhance institutional capacity at HBCUs, TCCUs, MSIs, and low-resourced institutions,
including community colleges, by providing an increase of $752 million over the 2021 enacted level. This
funding includes a $450 million initiative to expand research and development infrastructure at four-year
HBCUs, TCCUs, and MSIs.

PRIORITIZES THE NEEDS OF STUDENT BORROWERS

The Budget provides $2.65 billion to the Department of Education’s Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA),
an $800 million increase compared to the 2021 enacted level. The additional funding is needed to better
serve students and borrowers as they finance their postsecondary education and at every stage of repayment.
Specifically, the increase allows FSA to implement customer service and accountability improvements to
student loan servicing and ensure the successful transition from the current short-term loan servicing
contracts to a more stable long-term contract and servicing environment. The increase is also critical to
ensure full implementation of the FAFSA® Simplification Act for the 2024–25 award year.

BOLSTERS OUR NATION’S SKILLED WORKFORCE WITH EXPANSIONS TO CAREER AND

TECHNICAL TRAINING AND ADULT EDUCATION
As our economy continues its rapid recovery, the Budget makes significant investments in the long-term
sustainability of our nation’s skilled workforce. In addition to expanding access to career training programs
by making significant investments in community colleges, the Budget also proposes new grants supporting
adult learners through a College Bridge Initiative and new grants to support disconnected youth without a
high school diploma.

INCREASES SUPPORT FOR CIVIL RIGHTS ENFORCEMENT

The Budget provides $161 million to the Department’s Office for Civil Rights, a 23 percent increase
compared to the 2021 enacted level. This additional funding would ensure that the Department has the
capacity to protect equal access to education through the enforcement of civil rights laws, such as Title IX
of the Education Amendments of 1972.

9
II. THE 2023 EDUCATION BUDGET BY PROGRAM AREA

A. ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION

OVERVIEW
President Biden’s fiscal year 2023 Request for Elementary and Secondary Education programs addresses
longstanding equity gaps in our education system, beginning with State and local education finance systems
that underfund school districts and schools that enroll high proportions of students of color and students
from low-income backgrounds; a teacher pay gap that undermines the recruitment and retention of qualified
and effective teachers; a lack of equitable access to and preparation for rigorous coursework that sets
students up for college and careers; and the need for high-quality, universal preschool programs, regardless
of a child’s race, zip code, or family income. The following major investments would help close these
equity gaps and help ensure that all students—including students from low-income backgrounds and
students of color and those in underserved communities—receive the social, emotional, mental health, and
academic supports they need to thrive in school and achieve their dreams.

• Critical investments in equitable access to the learning opportunities students need to succeed:

o $36.5 billion for Title I, including $20.5 billion in discretionary funding and $16 billion in
mandatory funding, which more than doubles the program’s funding compared to the 2021
enacted level. This historic level of additional funding would help schools with high rates
of poverty make critically-needed new investments, including hiring and paying educators
and staff a competitive wage and supporting their professional growth; increasing access
to a well-rounded education, including a rigorous and engaging curriculum; creating safe
and inclusive learning environments; and expanding access to preschool. The proposed
increase reflects the President’s commitment to address longstanding inequities in our
education system, including through a $100 million set-aside to support voluntary state
and local efforts to identify and close State and local funding gaps in educational resources
and opportunities.

o $1.1 billion for English Language Acquisition State Grants, an increase of $278 million,
or 35 percent, over the 2021 enacted level to significantly strengthen State and local
capacity to meet the needs of ELs and their teachers, including through a greater emphasis
on multilingualism that embraces students’ native and home languages as a strength they
bring to their school communities. The request also includes a $50 million set-aside for
additional support to States with local educational agencies that enrolled significant
numbers of immigrant children and youth in recent years.

o $161 million for ED’s Office for Civil Rights, a $30 million increase compared to the 2021
enacted level, to provide sufficient staffing and other capacity for monitoring, technical
assistance, data collection, and enforcement.

o $100 million for a new Fostering Diverse Schools program that would help communities
voluntarily develop and implement strategies that will build more racially and
socioeconomically diverse schools and classrooms, and $149 million, an increase of $40
million, to support the Magnet Schools Assistance Program.

10
• Critical investments to meet the social, emotional, mental health, and academic needs of students:
o $1 billion for a new School-Based Health Professionals program to support the mental
health needs of our students and their families by increasing the number of counselors,
nurses, and health professionals in our schools, and building the pipeline for these critical
staff, with an emphasis on schools serving underserved students.

o $468 million, an increase of $438 million over the 2021 enacted level, to dramatically
expand the Full-Service Community Schools program, which recognizes the role of
schools as the centers of our communities and neighborhoods, and funds efforts to identify
and integrate the wide range of community-based resources needed to support students
and their families, expand learning opportunities for students and parents alike, support
collaborative leadership and practices, and promote the family and community
engagement that can help ensure student success. Within this increase, $25 million would
help school districts design and implement integrated student supports focused on
addressing a range of student and family needs including meeting student social,
emotional, mental health, physical health, and academic needs and providing resources
and services to meet family needs, including through cross-agency efforts and partnerships
with community-based organizations and other family support providers external to the
school site.

• Critical investments in building a more diverse, well-prepared, supported, and effective teacher
workforce and strengthening school leadership:

o $514 million for Education Innovation and Research for fiscal year 2023, an increase of
$320 million over the 2021 enacted level, to support projects that identify and scale up
evidence-based strategies to elevate and strengthen a teacher workforce hit hard by
COVID-19. With local education jobs down by 376,000, or nearly 5 percent, since the
beginning of the pandemic, these funds would support efforts to stabilize the profession
through improved support for educators and expanded professional growth opportunities,
including access to leadership opportunities that can lead to increased pay and improved
retention for fully certified, experienced, and effective teachers.

o $132.1 million for Teacher Quality Partnerships, an increase of $80 million over the 2021
enacted level, to support comprehensive pathways into the profession, such as high-quality
residencies and Grow Your Own programs, that support educator diversity, improve
teacher effectiveness, and increase teacher retention.

o $20 million for the Augustus F. Hawkins Centers of Excellence to help expand the
diversity of the teacher workforce through competitive grants to HBCUs, TCCUs, and
MSIs to support teacher preparation (see Higher Education Programs).

o $250 million for IDEA, Part D, more than doubling current investments, to support the
pipeline of special education teachers and personnel.

o $40 million to reestablish funding for the reauthorized School Leader Recruitment and
Support program.

11
TITLE I GRANTS TO LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES
2023
2021 2022 Request
Discretionary BA in millions $16,536.8 $16,536.8 $20,536.8

Mandatory BA in millions — — $16,000.0

Title I Grants to LEAs provide supplemental education funding, especially in communities of concentrated
poverty, for local programs that provide extra academic support to help students in high-poverty schools
meet challenging State academic standards. The Request maintains strong support for the Title I program,
which serves an estimated 25 million students in nearly 90 percent of school districts and nearly 60 percent
of all public schools. LEAs can use Title I funds flexibly for locally determined programs and interventions
across a broad range of areas, including through schoolwide programs that allow Federal and other funds
to be consolidated and leveraged for comprehensive school reforms. The fiscal year 2023 request proposes
to reserve $100 million for direct grants to States to implement voluntary School Funding Equity
Commissions and to LEAs to implement voluntary resource equity reviews.

FULL-SERVICE COMMUNITY SCHOOLS (FSCS)

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $30.0 $30.0 $468.0

FSCS makes competitive 5-year grants to school districts—in partnership with community-based
organizations, nonprofit organizations, or other public or private entities—to provide comprehensive
academic, social, and health services in school settings for students, students’ family members, and
community members by integrating existing school and community programs and implementing
coordinated strategies that can impact neighborhoods with high rates of poverty, childhood obesity,
academic failure, and involvement of community members in the justice system. The proposed increase
reflects the growing recognition that students and families in high-poverty communities need
comprehensive social, emotional, and mental health services to support improved academic outcomes, and
that schools are ideally situated to provide such supports in these communities. In particular, the disruptions
to education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic provided a vivid demonstration of the importance of our
schools to the social and economic fabric of our communities, both during the pandemic and as we work
toward a full recovery. Within this increase, $25 million would help school districts design and implement
integrated student supports focused on addressing a range of student and family needs including meeting
student social, emotional, mental health, physical health, and academic needs and providing resources and
services to meet family needs, including through cross-agency efforts and partnerships with community-
based organizations and other family support providers external to the school site. The Request would
support an expanded cohort of grantees that would support up to 2.5 million students, family members, and
community members in an estimated 800 new community schools.

12
21ST CENTURY COMMUNITY LEARNING CENTERS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $1,259.7 $1,259.7 $1,309.7

This program enables States, through competitive subgrants to school districts or community-based
organizations, to support centers that provide additional student learning opportunities through before- and
after-school programs and summer school programs aimed at improving student academic outcomes.
Centers, which also may offer training in parenting skills and family literacy services, must target their
services primarily to students who attend schools identified for improvement under Title I of the ESEA or
other schools determined by local educational agencies (LEAs) to be in need of assistance.

SUPPORTING EFFECTIVE INSTRUCTION STATE GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $2,143.1 $2,143.1 $2,148.6

This program, authorized under ESEA’s Title II-A, provides formula grants to State educational agencies
(SEAs), which then subgrant most funds to local educational agencies, to support activities designed to
increase student achievement by improving the effectiveness of teachers, principals, and other school
leaders; increase the number of teachers, principals, and other school leaders who are effective in improving
student academic achievement in schools; provide students from low-income backgrounds and students of
color greater access to effective teachers, principals, and other school leaders; and reduce class size. SEAs
and LEAs have flexibility to carry out a wide variety of activities based on identified needs.

TEACHER AND SCHOOL LEADER INCENTIVE GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $200.0 $200.0 $150.0

The Teacher and School Leader Incentive Grants (TSL) program makes competitive awards to help
develop, implement, improve, or expand human capital management systems or performance-based
compensation systems. Allowable uses of funds include implementing career advancement opportunities
for effective teachers, principals, and other school leaders; improving LEA processes for recruiting,
selecting, placing, supporting, and retaining effective teachers, principals, and other school leaders in high-
need schools; and providing principals with the tools needed to make school-level decisions that build high-
performing instructional leadership teams. New awards would be likely to be focused on providing
opportunities for educators to take on leadership roles in their schools and districts, and be compensated for
those additional responsibilities, and to promote greater diversity in the educator workforce.

13
SUPPORTING EFFECTIVE EDUCATOR DEVELOPMENT (SEED)
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $80.0 $80.0 $80.0

The SEED program provides competitive grants to institutions of higher education, national nonprofit
entities, and the Bureau of Indian Education to support evidence-based professional development activities,
including those leading to an advanced credential, as well as non-traditional preparation and certification
pathways that allow teachers, principals, or other school leaders to obtain employment in traditionally
underserved local educational agencies. The request would support continuation awards that help advance
President Biden’s equity agenda and commitment to evidence-based practices.

SCHOOL LEADER RECRUITMENT AND SUPPORT

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions — — $40.0

The School Leader Recruitment and Support program, which was last funded in 2017, provides competitive
grants LEAs, SEAs, the BIE, or consortia of one of those entities with nonprofit organizations or IHEs to
improve the recruitment, preparation, placement, support, and retention of effective principals or other
school leaders in high-need schools. Funds would support new grants for high-quality professional
development for principals and other school leaders as well as high-quality training for aspiring principals
and school leaders.

SCHOOL-BASED HEALTH PROFESSIONALS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions — — $1,000.0

The Administration requests $1 billion in funding for the proposed School-Based Health Professionals
(SBHP) program in fiscal year 2023, consistent with President Biden’s commitment to double the number
of school counselors, nurses, social workers, and school psychologists in LEAs and schools over the next
decade. Funds would be allocated to SEAs on the basis of shares of funding received under Title I, Part A
of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). SEAs would be permitted to reserve up to
15 percent of their allocations to address shortages of health professionals by establishing partnerships with
institutions of higher education to recruit, prepare, and place graduate students in school-based health fields
in high-need LEAs. SEAs would use at least 80 percent of their allocations to make competitive grants to
LEAs, with a priority on LEAs with significant numbers of schools identified for improvement under the
ESEA, to help close gaps in the recommended ratios of students to health professionals. Grants to LEAs
would be used to pay recruitment costs, salaries, retention efforts such as additional supports, and related
personnel costs.

14
SCHOOL SAFETY NATIONAL ACTIVITIES
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $106.0 $106.0 $129.0

This program authorizes activities to improve students’ safety and well-being. Activities include
competitive grants and other discretionary activities to foster a safe, secure, and supportive school and
community learning environment conducive to teaching and learning; facilitate emergency management
and preparedness, as well as recovery from traumatic events; and increase the availability of school-based
mental health service providers for students. The $21 million increase would support a new Project Prevent
competition focused on Community Violence Interventions, a school facilities clearinghouse, and
additional funding for Project School Emergency Response to Violence (SERV).

STUDENT SUPPORT AND ACADEMIC ENRICHMENT GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $1,220.0 $1,220.0 $1,220.0

This program provides formula grants to State educational agencies, which then subgrant most funds to
local educational agencies, to support well-rounded educational opportunities, safe and healthy students,
and the effective use of technology. The Request would provide resources for improving student
opportunities and outcomes that can be used flexibly in response to locally identified needs.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $797.4 $797.4 $1,075.0

This program awards formula grants to States based on each State’s share of the Nation’s English learners
(ELs) and recent immigrant students. Schools use this funding to implement effective language instruction
educational programs designed to help ELs attain English language proficiency. The program also awards
grants to schools operated predominantly for Native American and Alaska Native students and supports
national activities, including professional development for teachers of ELs and a clearinghouse of research-
based information about instructional methods, strategies, and programs for ELs. The proposed increase
would significantly strengthen State and local capacity to meet the needs of ELs and their teachers,
including through a greater emphasis on multilingualism that embraces students’ native and home
languages as a strength they bring to their school communities. In addition, a new $50 million set-aside
would support States with local educational agencies that enrolled at least 100 immigrant children and youth
and States with counties where 50 or more unaccompanied children have been released to sponsors from
the Department of Health and Human Services Office of Refugee Resettlement since January 1, 2021.

15
PROMISE NEIGHBORHOODS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $81.0 $81.0 $96.0

This program provides competitive grants to support distressed communities in improving the academic
and developmental outcomes for children, youth, and their families from birth through college. Funded
activities are focused on “pipeline services,” which include high-quality early childhood programs; high-
quality in-school and out-of-school programs; transition support for students at all levels of education and
workforce preparation; family and community engagement support; job training, internships, and career
counseling; and social, health, nutrition, and mental health services. The proposed $15 million increase
reflects the Administration’s priority on expanding community-school partnerships to better meet the
comprehensive needs of underserved communities.

FOSTERING DIVERSE SCHOOLS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions — — $100.0

The proposed Fostering Diverse Schools program would address the well-documented, persistent negative
effects of racial isolation and concentrated poverty by supporting voluntary efforts to increase school racial
and socioeconomic diversity in preschool through grade 12. The program would make competitive awards
to LEAs—alone, in consortia, or in partnership with State educational agencies—that have significant
achievement gaps and racial or socioeconomic segregation within or across districts. Program funds would
support voluntary planning grants and, for applicants with well-designed plans, implementation grants to
carry out activities in those plans, including, for example open enrollment, that promote racial and
socioeconomic diversity in schools or other student-assignment policies that consider the socioeconomic
status or neighborhood of residence of students.

MAGNET SCHOOLS ASSISTANCE

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $109.0 $109.0 $149.0

The Magnet Schools Assistance program provides Federal resources to assist eligible local educational
agencies in the desegregation of schools by supporting the elimination, reduction, and prevention of racial
isolation in elementary and secondary schools with substantial proportions of students of color. Grantees
establish and operate magnet schools that are part of court-ordered, agency-ordered, or federally approved
voluntary desegregation plans and that offer special curricula or instructional programs that appeal to
parents and students from diverse backgrounds. The requested increase reflects the Administration’s
commitment to renewing and expanding efforts to reverse the well-documented, persistent negative
educational effects of racial isolation and concentrated poverty.

16
TRAINING AND ADVISORY SERVICES
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $6.6 $6.6 $6.6

This program supports four regional Equity Assistance Centers, selected competitively, that provide
services to school districts upon request on issues related to discrimination based on race, sex, national
origin, and religion. Typical activities include disseminating information on successful practices and legal
requirements related to nondiscrimination; providing training to educators to develop their skills in specific
areas, such as in the identification of bias in instructional materials; and technical assistance on selection of
instructional programs. The Request would provide continued support for new Equity Assistance Center
awards made in fiscal year 2022, as well as the administration and analysis of a customer satisfaction
survey.

CHARTER SCHOOLS GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $440.0 $440.0 $440.0

Through grants to State entities, charter school developers, and charter school management organizations,
Charter Schools Grants support the startup of new charter schools and the replication and expansion of
high-quality charter schools serving students in prekindergarten through grade 12. Funds also support grants
to improve charter schools’ access to facilities and information dissemination and evaluation activities. The
Request would give the Department greater flexibility to adjust spending in response to demand across the
program components and prohibit program funds from being awarded to charter schools managed or
operated by for-profit entities. The Request would also continue and build on the Department’s efforts to
ensure that program funds support schools that are opened and operated with demonstrated family and
community support, do not contribute to racial and socioeconomic segregation based on community
demographics, provide meaningful access to instruction for students with disabilities and English learners,
maintain diverse educator workforces, and are subject to strong accountability, transparency, and oversight.

MIGRANT EDUCATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $375.6 $375.6 $375.6

Migrant Education State Grants provide formula-based assistance in meeting the educational needs of
children of migratory agricultural workers and fishers, including overcoming educational disruption and
other challenges resulting from repeated moves, so that these students can meet the same academic
standards expected of all children. During school year 2019-20, States and local entities provided services
under this program to 200,732 identified migratory children ages birth through 21 years old. Services
included supplemental instruction in reading, math, and other academic areas, as well as high school credit
accrual. Program funds were also used to provide educationally related services such as counseling, health

17
and nutrition services, advocacy, and referrals for migratory students with disabilities, and (especially in
the summer) transportation. The Department uses a portion of funding to improve inter- and intra-State
coordination of migrant education activities, including State exchange of migratory student data records
through the Migrant Student Information Exchange system.

NEGLECTED, DELINQUENT, AND AT-RISK STUDENTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $48.2 $48.2 $82.0

This program provides formula grants to States to support education services for neglected and delinquent
children and youth in local and State-run institutions, attending community day programs, and in
correctional facilities. The Request includes an increase of $3.8 million for formula grants under Subpart 1
of Title I Part D to help an estimated 63,600 neglected and delinquent students continue their studies while
in State institutions and prepare them to return to and complete school and obtain employment. The request
also includes $30 million for an initiative to improve the educational outcomes of children and youth in
foster care, a student subgroup that is one of the most vulnerable and at risk for academic challenges. The
initiative would make competitive grants that establish strong partnerships among States, districts, and child
welfare agencies to support innovative strategies for improving the educational outcomes of students in
foster care.

EDUCATION FOR HOMELESS CHILDREN AND YOUTHS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $106.5 $106.5 $110.0

This program, which is authorized by the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, as amended, provides
formula grants to States, which then subgrant most funds to LEAs for services and activities that help
homeless children enroll in, attend, and succeed in school, such as preschool programs, enriched
supplemental instruction, before- and after-school programs, transportation, and health care referrals.
Approximately 1.28 million students were identified as homeless in school year 2019-20.

18
RURAL EDUCATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $187.8 $187.8 $202.8

Based on 2018 data from the National Center for Education Statistics, 28 percent of the Nation’s public
schools were located in rural areas, with 19 percent of all public school students enrolled at these schools.
The Rural Education Achievement Program (REAP) supports two programs to help rural school districts
carry out activities to improve the quality of teaching and learning in their schools. The Small, Rural School
Achievement program provides formula funds to rural school districts that serve small numbers of students,
and the Rural and Low-Income School program provides funds to rural school districts that serve
concentrations of poor students, regardless of the district’s size. Funds appropriated for REAP are divided
equally between the two programs. The Request would increase support for rural, often geographically
isolated, districts that face significant challenges in meeting ESEA requirements.

INDIAN EDUCATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions

Grants to Local Educational Agencies $105.4 $105.4 $110.4

Special Programs for Indian Children 68.0 68.0 68.0
National Activities 7.9 7.9 7.9
Total 181.2 181.2 186.2

Indian Education programs supplement the efforts of States, LEAs, and Indian Tribes to improve
educational opportunities for Indian children. The programs link these efforts to broader educational
reforms underway in States and localities to help ensure that these reforms benefit Indian students, enabling
them to master the same challenging academic standards as other students by better meeting their
educational and cultural needs.

Grants to Local Educational Agencies provide formula grants to LEAs and to schools funded or operated
by the Department of the Interior’s Bureau of Indian Education for activities to improve the educational
achievement of Indian students. Funds would support supplemental educational services to a disadvantaged
population that is heavily affected by poverty and low educational attainment, providing an average
estimated per-pupil payment of $246 for approximately 450,000 eligible American Indian and Alaska
Native elementary and secondary students nationwide.

The Request for Special Programs for Indian Children includes support for competitive awards for projects
to improve the college- and career-readiness of Native youth, as well as professional development grants
for training Native American teachers and administrators for employment in schools with high proportions
of Indian students.

19
The Request also supports National Activities, which fund grants to support Native language immersion
programs; State-Tribal Education Partnership grants to create and build the capacity of Tribal educational
agencies; and research, evaluation, and data collection activities designed to provide critical information on
the educational status and needs of Indian students and to identify effective practices in the education of
Indian students.

NATIVE HAWAIIAN EDUCATION

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $37.4 $37.4 $37.4

The Native Hawaiian Education program makes competitive awards to support supplemental education
services to the Native Hawaiian population in such areas as teacher training, family-based education, gifted
and talented education, early childhood education, special education, higher education, and community-
based education learning centers.

ALASKA NATIVE EDUCATION

2023
2021 2021 Request
BA in millions $36.5 $36.5 $36.5

This program makes competitive awards to support supplemental educational programs and services
designed to improve educational outcomes for Alaska Natives, including activities to support the use and
preservation of Alaska Native languages, professional development for educators, home instruction
programs for Alaska Native preschool children, family literacy services, student enrichment programs in
science and mathematics, and dropout prevention programs.

STATE ASSESSMENTS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions

State Assessment Grants $369.1 $369.1 $369.1

Competitive Assessment Grants 8.9 8.9 8.9
Total 378.0 378.0 378.0

The Request would help States continue to administer aligned assessment systems as part of their ongoing
implementation of the Every Student Succeeds Act. Annual, high-quality, statewide assessments aligned to
challenging State academic standards are a critical element of the statewide accountability systems that

20
each State must establish under the Act, providing parents and educators with information they need to
understand whether students are meeting State-determined college- and career-ready academic standards.
State assessments also help identify schools that are meeting these standards and schools where additional
resources and supports may be needed to improve educational opportunity and academic achievement. The
Request provides funding for both Grants for State Assessments and the separately authorized Competitive
Grants for State Assessments program, which supports activities to improve State assessment systems.

EDUCATION INNOVATION AND RESEARCH

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $194.0 $194.0 $514.0

The Education Innovation and Research program supports the creation, development, implementation,
replication, and scaling up of evidence-based innovations designed to improve student achievement and
attainment for underserved, high-need students. Within the $514 million request, $350 million would
support projects to identify and scale use of evidence-based strategies and practices that improve
recruitment and retention of staff in education, a workforce hit hard by the pandemic and tight labor market.
Investments would promote strategies and supports that improve teacher retention and increasing teacher
access to leadership opportunities that can lead to increased pay and improved retention for experienced
teachers, maximizing the impact of effective teachers across their schools and districts.

COMPREHENSIVE LITERACY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $192.0 $192.0 $192.0

This program provides competitive grants to SEAs that then award subgrants to eligible entities to support
efforts to improve literacy instruction in high-need schools or early childhood education programs. LEAs
or early childhood education programs that receive subgrants from SEAs under this program must serve a
high percentage of disadvantaged children, such as children from low-income families, children with
disabilities, or English learners, and must represent diverse geographical areas.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO LITERACY

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $28.0 $28.0 $28.0

The Innovative Approaches to Literacy program makes competitive grants to support projects that promote
literacy through enhanced school library programs; early literacy services, including outreach to parents of
young children to ensure that families have access to developmentally appropriate materials and are
encouraged to read aloud to their young children; and the distribution of high-quality books.

21
AMERICAN HISTORY AND CIVICS EDUCATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $5.3 $5.3 $10.5

The American History and Civics Education programs are designed to improve the quality of teaching and
learning in American history, civics, and government. The American History and Civics Academies
program supports efforts to improve the quality of American history and civics education by providing
intensive workshops for teachers (Presidential Academies) and students (Congressional Academies) aimed
at enhancing the teaching and understanding of these twin foundations of effective citizenship. The National
Activities program also promotes evidence-based instructional methods and professional development
programs in American history, civics and government, and geography. The Request would support an
increase in the number of grants under both the Academies and the National Activities competitions.

ARTS IN EDUCATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $30.5 $30.5 $30.5

This program promotes arts education for students, including disadvantaged students and students who are
children with disabilities, through professional development for arts educators, development and
dissemination of accessible instructional materials and arts-based educational programming, and
community outreach activities that strengthen partnerships among schools and arts organizations.

JAVITS GIFTED AND TALENTED EDUCATION

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $13.5 $13.5 $13.5

The Javits Gifted and Talented Education program supports a coordinated program of research,
demonstration projects, innovative strategies, and other activities to build and enhance the capacity of
elementary and secondary schools to identify gifted and talented students and meet their special educational
needs. Funds may be used for, among other things, establishing and operating gifted and talented education
programs, which may include innovative methods and strategies for identifying and teaching students
traditionally underserved in such programs. The Request would support the Administration’s goal of
providing equitable access to educational opportunity for all students, including underserved student
groups, which include students of color, English learners, and students with disabilities, for whom data
show persistent underrepresentation in gifted and talented education programs.

22
READY TO LEARN PROGRAMMING (RTL)
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $29.5 $29.5 $29.5

The RTL program makes awards to public telecommunications entities that support the development and
distribution of educational video programming for preschool and elementary school children and their
parents, caregivers, and teachers, as well accompanying support materials and services that can be used to
promote the effective use of such programming. Funds also are used to develop digital content, such as
applications and online educational games, that is specifically designed for nationwide distribution over
public television stations’ digital broadcasting channels and the Internet.

STATEWIDE FAMILY ENGAGEMENT CENTERS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $12.5 $12.5 $15.0

This program provides funding to statewide organizations, or consortia of such organizations, to establish
statewide centers that promote parent and family engagement in education or provide comprehensive
training and technical assistance to SEAs, LEAs, schools, and organizations that support partnerships
between families and schools. The Request would support new and continuation awards that, by educating
parents and fostering partnerships between families and schools, particularly schools with concentrations
of disadvantaged students, can help lay the groundwork for sustained school improvement.

COMPREHENSIVE CENTERS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $52.0 $52.0 $52.0

Funds would be used for continuation costs of 19 Regional Centers and one National Center. Regional
Centers provide intensive capacity-building services to help SEAs and other recipients identify, implement,
and sustain effective evidence-based practices that improve instruction and student outcomes. The National
Center provides universal and targeted capacity-building services to address common high-leverage
problems and common programmatic monitoring and audit findings, as well as information on emerging
national education issues. In addition, funds would support a center for students at risk of not attaining full
literacy skills due to a disability.

23
IMPACT AID
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions

Payments for Federally Connected Children:

Basic Support Payments $1,354.2 $1,354.2 $1,394.2
Payments for Children with Disabilities 48.3 48.3 48.3
Facilities Maintenance 4.8 4.8 4.8
Construction 17.4 17.4 17.4
Payments for Federal Property 76.3 76.3 76.3
Total 1,501.1 1,501.1 1,541.1

Note: Amounts may not add due to rounding.

The Impact Aid program provides financial assistance to school districts affected by Federal activities. The
presence of certain children living on Federal property across the country can place a financial burden on
the LEAs that educate them because such property is exempt from local property taxes, denying LEAs
access to a key source of revenue used by most communities to finance education. Impact Aid helps replace
the lost local revenue that would otherwise be available to LEAs to pay for the education of these children.

The Request would provide significant support for the education of almost 800,000 federally connected
children in over 1,000 school districts.

Basic Support Payments support federally connected children through both regular Basic Support Payments
and Basic Support Payments for Heavily Impacted LEAs.

The Request for Payments for Children with Disabilities would support formula grants to help eligible
districts meet their obligations under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act to provide a free
appropriate public education for federally connected children with disabilities.

The Request for Facilities Maintenance would fund essential repair and maintenance of the nine school
facilities serving large numbers of military dependents that are owned and operated by the Department of
Education, while also supporting the transfer of these schools to local school districts.

The Request for Construction would be used for competitive grants to the LEAs with the greatest need and
would provide sufficient assistance to enable those LEAs to make major repairs and renovations.

The Request for Payments for Federal Property would provide formula-based payments to LEAs that
generally have lost 10 percent or more of their taxable property to the Federal Government.

24
SUPPLEMENTAL EDUCATION GRANTS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $16.7 $16.7 $24.5

The Request would include an increase adjusted for inflation since 2003 to maintain support for
Supplemental Education Grants to the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) and the Republic of the
Marshall Islands (RMI), as authorized by the Compact of Free Association Amendments Act of 2003 (P.L.
108-188). Under this program, the Department transfers funds and provides recommendations on the uses
of those funds to the Department of the Interior, which makes grants to the FSM and the RMI for educational
services that augment the general operations of the educational systems of the two entities.

25
B. SPECIAL EDUCATION AND REHABILITATION SERVICES

OVERVIEW
The Administration is committed to providing Americans with disabilities the opportunities and services
they need to succeed in school, in the workplace, and in the community. The fiscal year 2023 President’s
Budget supports a wide range of programs that can improve educational, developmental, employment, and
independent living outcomes for people with disabilities.

The $18.1 billion Request for Special Education programs focuses on improving educational and
developmental outcomes for children with disabilities. For the Grants to States program, the
Administration is requesting $16.3 billion, an increase of $3.3 billion over the 2021 enacted level. This
funding level would represent the largest increase in the Federal contribution toward meeting the excess
cost of special education in two decades and make a significant first step toward fully funding IDEA.
Grants would cover nearly 15 percent of the national average per pupil expenditure and provide an
estimated average of $2,199 per child for about 7.4 million children ages 3 through 21. This funding
would support States and local educational agencies (LEAs) as they work to improve results for
children with disabilities. The Request also includes $502.6 million for the Preschool Grants program,
an increase of $105 million over the 2021 enacted level, and provide an average of $670 per child for
over 750,000 children with disabilities expected to be served under the program in 2023.

The Request includes $932.0 million for the Grants for Infants and Families program, nearly double the
2021 enacted level. Ensuring infants and toddlers with disabilities are identified and receive services in a
timely manner is crucial to improving long-term outcomes. The increased funding would also support States
in implementing reforms to expand their enrollment of underserved children, including children of color,
children from low-income backgrounds, and children living in rural areas. The increase also
includes additional incentives to expand participation of children at risk of developing disabilities, which
may help mitigate the need for more extensive services later in childhood and further expand access to
the program for underserved children. The $412.7 million Request for Special Education National
Activities would increase by $182.5 million from the 2021 enacted level to expand technical
assistance, dissemination, training, and other activities that assist States, LEAs, parents, and others in
improving results for children with disabilities. For the 2022-2023 school year, 44 States reported a
shortage of qualified special education personnel. To help address these shortages and ensure every
student with a disability has access to highly qualified personnel, the Request would increase funding
for the Personnel Preparation program by $159.8 million from the 2021 enacted level. Furthermore,
the Request provides historic increases for Parent Information Centers, which have seen a surge in
demand over the last two years due, in part, to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

For Rehabilitation Services, the Administration requests a total of $4.1 billion in mandatory and
discretionary funds to support comprehensive and coordinated vocational rehabilitation services for
individuals with disabilities through training, demonstration, and technical assistance, as well as other direct
service programs to help individuals with disabilities to live more independently in their communities. The
Request includes $3.9 billion in mandatory funds for the Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) State Grants
program, an increase of $230.6 million over the fiscal year 2021 enacted level, consistent with the
inflationary increase required by the Rehabilitation Act. The Request also includes $40.8 million for the
Demonstration and Training program, an increase of $35 million over the 2021 enacted level. The increased
funding will support grants to VR agencies to spur innovative approaches and new partnerships aimed at
addressing long-term barriers as well as novel challenges due to the pandemic that limit employment of
individuals with disabilities. The Request also includes $18.5 million for the Helen Keller National Center,

26
an increase of $1.5 million over the 2021 enacted level, and $500,000 for the newly proposed Randolph-
Sheppard Vending Facility program, which would support a competitively awarded center that would
provide training and technical assistance to State licensing agencies and blind vendors.

The 2023 Request also includes increases of $3 million each for the American Printing House for the Blind,
the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, and Gallaudet University.

GRANTS TO STATES
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $12,937.5 $12,937.5 $16,259.0

The Grants to States program, which is authorized under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
(IDEA), makes formula grants that help States pay the additional costs of providing special education and
related services to children with disabilities aged 3 through 21 years. The increased level proposed for fiscal
year 2023 would support an estimated average per-child award of $2,199 for roughly 7.4 million children
with disabilities, setting the Federal contribution to about 15 percent of the national average per pupil
expenditure. This increase of $3.3 billion over 2021 enacted would represent the largest two-year increase
ever for the program and make a significant first step toward fully funding IDEA.

Under the IDEA, States are required to provide a free appropriate public education to all children with
disabilities. Services are provided in accordance with individualized education programs that are developed
by teams that include not less than the child’s parents, a special educator, a representative of the LEA, a
regular educator, and the child with a disability as appropriate. In addition, services must be provided, to
the maximum extent appropriate and in the least restrictive environment, which for most children means
full participation in classes with children without disabilities. Students with disabilities also must be
included in general State and district-wide assessments, including the assessments required under ESEA,
and States must appropriately accommodate children with disabilities so they can participate in these
assessments, or alternate assessments for those children with the most significant cognitive disabilities who
cannot participate in regular assessments.

To address the fractured nature of early childhood and preschool services, the Request includes
appropriations language that would allow the Department to reserve up to $5 million in funds to study the
implications of developing a comprehensive birth through age five system for children with disabilities that
would offer coordinated, efficient and effective services.

27
PRESCHOOL GRANTS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $397.6 $397.6 $502.6

This program provides formula grants to help States make a free appropriate public education available to
all children with disabilities ages 3 through 5. The Requested funding, which supplements funds provided
under the Grants to States program, would provide an estimated additional $623 per child for approximately
806,000 children to supplement funds provided under the Grants to States program and help to ensure that
young children with disabilities are ready to learn when they enter school.

GRANTS FOR INFANTS AND FAMILIES

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $481.9 $481.9 $932.0

This program provides formula grants to help States implement statewide systems of early intervention
services for infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families so that State and local agencies identify
and serve children with disabilities early in life when interventions can be most effective in improving
educational outcomes. The Request would enable States to provide high-quality early intervention services
to more than 500,000 infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families. The Request also includes a
range of proposals designed to more equitably distribute funding, increase access to the program for infants
and families who have been traditionally underrepresented in the program, expand services for at risk
infants and toddlers, facilitate program entry for new parents, eliminate out-of-pocket costs for participating
families, and promote continuity of services for eligible infants and their families.

The Request would also support incentive grants to States that exercise existing statutory flexibilities and
expand enrollment to serve children at risk of developing disabilities or delays. Research has shown that
the earlier provision of services leads to improved outcomes and can mitigate the need for more extensive
services later in childhood. Additionally, expanding eligibility for at risk children can particularly benefit
underserved children who, due to disparities in access to screening and pediatric care, are less likely to have
delays or disabilities identified in a timely manner.

STATE PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $38.6 $38.6 $38.6

This program provides competitive grants to help States reform and enhance their systems for personnel
preparation and professional development in the areas of early intervention, educational, and transition
services in order to improve outcomes for children with disabilities. The Request would cover the cost of
awards to State educational agencies to improve the knowledge and skills of special education and regular

28
education teachers serving children with disabilities. It would also help recruit and retain personnel who
are qualified to provide services to children with disabilities.

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND DISSEMINATION

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $44.3 $44.3 $49.3

This program funds competitive grants for technical assistance and dissemination of materials based on
knowledge gained through research and practice. The Request would support continuations costs for
projects initiated in previous years and approximately $16.5 million in new awards, including new model
demonstration projects and projects designed to support students who are deaf-blind.

PERSONNEL PREPARATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $90.2 $90.2 $250.0

This program helps ensure that there are adequate numbers of personnel with the skills and knowledge
necessary to help children with disabilities succeed educationally. Program activities focus both on meeting
the demand for personnel to serve children with disabilities and improving the qualifications of these
personnel, with particular emphasis on incorporating knowledge gained from research and practice into
training programs. The Department uses requested funds to support (1) training for leadership personnel
and personnel who work with children with low-incidence disabilities, (2) at least one activity in the broadly
defined area of personnel development, and (3) enhanced support for beginning special educators. For the
2022-2023 school year, 44 States reported a shortage of qualified special education personnel. The nearly
$160 million increase proposed for fiscal year 2023 would be a historic investment in the personnel who
provide critical services to support the estimated 7.4 million children with disabilities nationwide who
receive services under the IDEA.

PARENT INFORMATION CENTERS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $27.4 $27.4 $45.2

These funds support centers that provide parents with the training and information they need to work with
professionals to meet the early intervention and special education needs of their children with disabilities.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted students with disabilities and Parent Information
Centers have experienced a surge in demand for assistance and training from families. The Request would
support awards for about 90 centers as well as approximately 5 awards to provide technical assistance to
the centers and support an expansion of services specifically for underserved communities.

29
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, MEDIA, AND MATERIALS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $29.5 $29.5 $29.5

This program makes competitive awards for research, development, and other activities that promote the
use of technology, including universal design features, in providing special education and related services.
Funds also support media-related activities, such as providing video description and captioning of films and
television for use in classrooms for individuals with visual and hearing impairments and increasing the
availability of books in accessible formats for individuals with visual impairments and other print
disabilities.

SPECIAL OLYMPICS EDUCATION PROGRAM

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $23.7 $23.7 $23.7

This program funds the non-profit Special Olympics organization to support activities to promote the
expansion of Special Olympics, including activities to increase the participation of individuals with
intellectual disabilities within the United States. Funds also support the design and implementation of
Special Olympics education programs, including character education and volunteer programs that support
the purposes of the Special Olympics Sport and Empowerment Act of 2004, that can be integrated into
classroom instruction and are consistent with academic content standards.

VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION STATE GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
Mandatory BA in millions $3,675.0 $3,719.1 $3,949.7

Note: The levels shown are the mandatory amounts for the Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants program. Pursuant to the Budget
Control Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-25), the reduced level reflecting the 5.9 percent sequester that went into effect on October 1, 2019,
is $3,465.5 million for fiscal year 2021. The reduced levels reflecting the 5.7 percent sequester that went into effect on October 1,
2020, are $3,507.1 million for fiscal year 2022 and $3,724.6 for fiscal year 2023.

This program provides formula grants to State Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) agencies to help individuals
with disabilities become gainfully employed. These agencies provide a wide range of services to nearly one
million individuals with disabilities annually. Services include vocational evaluation, counseling and
guidance, work adjustment, diagnosis and treatment of physical and mental impairments, education and
vocational training, job placement, and post-employment assistance. States that are unable to serve all

30
eligible individuals with disabilities who apply must give priority to individuals with the most significant
disabilities.

The Administration’s Request, which includes the inflation increase required by the Rehabilitation Act,
would also assist States and Tribal governments to increase the participation of individuals with disabilities
in the workforce. Giving workers with disabilities the support and the opportunity to acquire the skills they
need to pursue in-demand jobs and careers is critical to growing our economy. In 2021, the VR program
helped approximately 115,000 individuals with disabilities―94 percent with significant
disabilities―achieve employment outcomes. Of the amount requested for VR State grants in 2023,
$53.1 million would be set aside for the American Indian VR Services program, to support approximately
97 grants, including 96 continuation tribal grants and a technical assistance training grant.

CLIENT ASSISTANCE STATE GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $13.0 $13.0 $13.0

This program makes formula grants to States for activities to inform and advise clients of the benefits
available to them under the Rehabilitation Act, to assist them in their relationships with service providers,
and to ensure the protection of their rights under the Act. The Request would support the Client Assistance
Program in providing approximately 30,800 advocacy services.

TRAINING
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $29.4 $29.4 $29.4

The Training program makes competitive grants to State and other public or nonprofit agencies and
organizations, including institutions of higher education, to help ensure that personnel with adequate skills
are available to provide rehabilitation services to persons with disabilities.

DEMONSTRATION AND TRAINING

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $5.8 $5.8 $40.8

This program supports competitive grants and contracts to expand and improve services in promoting the
employment and independence of individuals with disabilities in the community, as well as parent centers
that provide training and information to individuals with disabilities and their parents, family members,
guardians, advocates, or authorized representatives. The $40.8 million Request for Demonstration and
Training Programs provides an increase of $35.0 million to support grants to VR agencies to spur innovative
approaches and new partnerships aimed at addressing long-term barriers as well as novel challenges due to

31
the pandemic that limit employment of individuals with disabilities. Funding would also support related
technical assistance and evaluation, as well as supplemental funding for the Parent Information and Training
program.

SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT STATE GRANTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $22.5 $22.5 $22.5

Through this formula grant program, State Vocational Rehabilitation agencies receive supplemental funds
to assist consumers with the most significant disabilities in achieving the employment outcome of supported
employment.

INDEPENDENT LIVING SERVICES FOR OLDER BLIND INDIVIDUALS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $33.3 $33.3 $33.3

The Independent Living Services for Older Blind Individuals program assists individuals aged 55 or older
whose severe visual impairments make competitive employment difficult to obtain. Funds are provided
under a formula to State VR agencies to provide services designed to help eligible individuals to adjust to
their blindness by increasing their ability to care for their individual needs. In fiscal year 2021, the program
served 45,972 individuals with severe visual impairments.

PROTECTION AND ADVOCACY OF INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $18.2 $18.2 $18.2

The Protection and Advocacy of Individual Rights (PAIR) formula grant program funds systems in each
State to protect and advocate for the legal and human rights of individuals with disabilities, helping them
to pursue legal and administrative remedies to secure their rights under Federal law. The PAIR systems also
provide information on, and referrals to, programs and services for individuals with disabilities. The
Request would support advocacy services to approximately 32,000 individuals with disabilities.

32
HELEN KELLER NATIONAL CENTER FOR DEAF-BLIND YOUTHS AND ADULTS
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $17.0 $17.0 $18.5

This program serves individuals who are deaf-blind, their families, and service providers through a national
headquarters center with a residential training and rehabilitation facility and a network of 10 regional offices
that provide referral, counseling, training, and technical assistance services. The funds requested would
serve an estimated 2,300 consumers, 700 families, and 1,000 agencies and organizations through its
regional offices, and provide direct services for approximately 90 consumers at the Center’s residential
training and rehabilitation program.

RANDOLPH-SHEPPARD VENDING FACILITY PROGRAM

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions $0 $0 $0.5

The Vending Facility program authorized by the Randolph-Sheppard Act provides persons who are blind
with remunerative employment and self-support through the operation of vending facilities on Federal and
other property. Under the Randolph-Sheppard Act, State licensing agencies recruit, train, license, and place
individuals who are blind as operators of the vending facilities. The funds requested would support a
competitively awarded center that would provide training and technical assistance to State licensing
agencies and blind vendors.

SPECIAL INSTITUTIONS FOR PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions

American Printing House for the Blind $34.4 $34.4 $37.4

National Technical Institute for the Deaf 81.5 81.5 84.5
Gallaudet University 140.4 140.4 143.4
Total 256.3 256.3 265.3

For fiscal year 2023, the Administration requests an increase of $3 million for the American Printing House
for the Blind, $3 million for the National Technical Institute for the Deaf, and $3 million for Gallaudet
University over the fiscal year 2021 enacted level to cover increased operational costs. Total funding for
these institutions would be $265.3 million for Special Institutions, an increase of $9.0 million above the
fiscal year 2021 enacted level.

33
AMERICAN PRINTING HOUSE FOR THE BLIND

The American Printing House for the Blind (APH) manufactures and distributes specially adapted
educational materials for students who are visually impaired, offers advisory services for consumers and
educational agencies, and conducts applied research related to the development of new products.

NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF

The National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID) provides postsecondary technical education and
training for students who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as graduate education and interpreter training
programs. NTID also conducts research and provides training related to the education and employment of
individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing. The Department maintains a contract with the Rochester
Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York, for the operation of NTID. The Request provides support
for operations, including funds that may be used for the Federal Endowment Grant program.

GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY

Gallaudet University (University) offers bilingual (i.e., American Sign Language and English)
undergraduate, graduate, and continuing education programs for individuals who are deaf or hard of
hearing, and for hearing students wishing to pursue careers in fields related to deafness. The University also
operates the Laurent Clerc National Deaf Education Center (Clerc Center), which includes two accredited
demonstration schools serving deaf and hard of hearing elementary and secondary students: the Kendall
Demonstration Elementary School and the Model Secondary School for the Deaf. Through its National
Mission programs, the Clerc Center is responsible for conducting research related to deaf education and for
the provision of training and technical assistance to professionals and families around the country. The
Request provides support for operations of the University and the Clerc Center, including funds that may
be used for the Federal Endowment Grant program.

34
C. CAREER, TECHNICAL AND ADULT EDUCATION

OVERVIEW
A skilled workforce is critical for both strong communities and a strong economy, and the programs in this
account support the President’s goal to invest in students and workers while building the capacity of the
existing workforce development system.

The fiscal year 2023 President’s Budget would provide a discretionary increase of $20 million for Career
and Technical Education ( CTE) State grants, for a total request of $1.4 billion support the President’s goal
to invest in workforce development and build the capacity of the existing workforce development system
through CTE programs that help introduce students to careers as early as middle school; support attainment
of both academic and career skills; help students learn about career pathways and attain credentials needed
for careers; assist students in the transition from secondary education to postsecondary education and jobs;
and help adults gain new skills and credentials needed to advance in their careers or pursue new career
paths.

The Request also would significantly expand CTE National Programs, providing an additional
$208 million, with most funds focused on a new Career-Connected High Schools initiative to support
competitive grants to partnerships of local educational agencies, institutions of higher education (including
community colleges, which are the primary partners in current pathways models), and employers to increase
the integration and alignment of the last two years of high school and the first two years of postsecondary
education to improve postsecondary and career outcomes for all students, including students of color and
students from low-income backgrounds. Key activities would include dual enrollment in postsecondary-
level core content and career-connected coursework; work-based learning opportunities connected to
programs of study; attainment of in-demand, career-related credentials; high-quality counseling and career-
navigation supports; and educator professional development to support effective integration of academic
and career-connected instruction across grades 11-14. As part of the Innovation and Modernization Grant
Program, this initiative would include impact evaluations and build evidence of effectiveness for these
activities. Remaining funds would be used for technical assistance, evaluation, and ongoing activities to
support effective implementation of the CTE State Grants program.

The Request recognizes the importance of Adult Education programs in helping to increase the number of
adults who have the basic literacy and numeracy skills required to participate successfully in workforce
education and training programs, including meeting the basic entrance requirements of apprenticeship
programs. The Request would provide $700 million for Adult Education State Grants, an increase of
$25 million over the 2021 enacted level. Adult Education National Leadership Activities would be funded
at $38.7 million, with the $25 million increase over the 2021 enacted level focused on (1) scaling up college
bridge programs for low-skilled adults without a high school degree or equivalency and (2) an initiative to
help disconnected youth attain a secondary school diploma and support transitions.

35
CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION
2023
2021 2022 Request
BA in millions

State Grants $1,334.8 $1,334.8 $1,354.9

National Programs 7.4 7.4 215.4
Total 1,342.2 1,342.2 1.570.3

The Request provides $1.35 billion for the Career and Technical Education (CTE) State Grants program,
an increase of $20 million over the 2021 enacted level. . The Request would support the President’s goal to
invest in workforce development and build the capacity of the existing workforce development system.
Funding would help State and local workforce training programs deliver on the promise of the
Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act by better integrating academic and
career and technical education; promoting student attainment of challenging academic standards along with
technical skills; providing strong linkages between secondary and postsecondary education; helping prepare
special populations for high-skill, high-wage, or in-demand industry sectors or occupations that will allow
graduates to earn a living wage; and provide work-based learning opportunities and opportunities to gain
postsecondary credit while still attending high school.

The $215.4 million Request for CTE National Programs provides an increase of $208 million over the 2021
enacted level. Of this increase, $200 million is for a new Career-Connected High Schools initiative to
support competitive grants to partnerships of local educational agencies, institutions of higher education
(including community colleges, which are the primary partners in current pathways models), and employers
to increase the integration and alignment of the last two years of high school and the first two years of
postsecondary education to improve postsecondary and career outcomes for all students, including students
of color and students from low-income backgrounds. Key activities would include dual enrollment in
postsecondary-level core content and career-connected coursework; work-based learning opportunities
connected to programs of study; attainment of in-demand, career-related credentials; high-quality
counseling and career-navigation supports; and educator professional development to support effective
integration of academic and career-connected instruction across grades 11-14. Remaining funds would be
used for technical assistance, evaluation, and ongoing activities to support effective implementation of the
CTE State Grants program.

36
ADULT EDUCATION

2023
BA in millions 2021 2022 Request

Adult Education State Grants $675.0 $675.0 $700.0

National Leadership Activities 13.7 13.7 38.7
Total 688.7 688.7 738.7

The Adult Education and Family Literacy Act is authorized through the Workforce Innovation and
Opportunity Act, which promotes alignment of the Adult Education programs with Federal job training
programs and the postsecondary education system.

The Request provides $700.0 million for Adult Education State Grants, an increase of $25 million over the
2021 enacted level. The program assists adults without a high school diploma or the equivalent to become
literate and obtain the skills necessary for postsecondary education, employment, and economic self-
sufficiency. The proposed increase would help expand program services at the local level to increase the
number of adults receiving services under the program.

The $38.7 million Request for National Leadership Activities includes $15 million to scale up college
bridge programs for low-skilled adults without a high school degree or equivalency, $10 million for an
initiative focused on disconnected youth without a high school diploma, and continues support for State
efforts to increase the literacy and workforce skills of adults and program evaluation.

37
D. STUDENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE
OVERVIEW
The Federal student aid programs provide grant, loan, and work-study assistance to help students afford a
postsecondary education and realize the lifelong benefits of an education beyond high school such as
financial stability. The Budget includes both discretionary and mandatory funding that would make
available $126 billion in new Federal student aid to help nearly 9 million students and their families pay
for college.
The Administration’s fiscal year 2023 Budget provides discretionary funding to increase the maximum Pell
Grant by $900—the largest one-time increase in the history of the program. This increase, together with the
proposed $1,275 increase to the mandatory add-on award, represents a significant first step to deliver on
the President’s goal to double the grant by 2029. The Budget would also provide new funding to expand
institutional and student supports at community colleges, HBCUs, TCCUs, and MSIs. The Administration
intends to work with Congress to ensure access to student financial aid for students who are Deferred Action
for Childhood Arrivals recipients, commonly known as DREAMers. The Administration also looks forward
to working with Congress on changes to the Higher Education Act that ease the burden of student debt,
including through improvements to the Income Driven Repayment (IDR) and Public Service Loan
Forgiveness (PSLF) programs. Specific policy proposals include:

Doubling Pell Grants

Pell Grants have been the foundation of low- and moderate-income students’ financial aid for decades.
However, the value has diminished as college costs continue to rise. The Budget would set a maximum
award of $8,670 for award year 2023-2024, an increase of $2,175 over the 2021-2022 award year. This
historic increase is a significant down payment on the President’s commitment to doubling the grant.

38
STUDENT AID SUMMARY TABLES (BUDGET AUTHORITY)
($ in millions) 2021 2022 2023
Request
Pell Grants
Discretionary funding $22,475.4 $22,475.4 $24,275.4
Mandatory funding1 6,309.6 6,238.0 12,989.0
Subtotal, Pell Grants 28,784.9 28,713.4 37,264.4
Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants 880.0 880.0 880.0
Federal Work-Study 1,190.0 1,190.0 1,190.0
TEACH Grants 2
152.4 108.0 39.1
Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grants 0.6 0.7 0.7
Federal Family Education Loans 3
9,304.4 11,954.6 0
Federal Direct Loans4 124,111.1 21,269.4 12,733.0
Total, Student Aid 164,423.4 64,116.1 52,107.2
Note: Amounts may not add due to rounding.
1 Amounts appropriated for Pell Grants for 2021, 2022, and 2023 include mandatory funding provided in the Higher Education

Act, as amended, to fund both the base maximum award and add-on award.
2 For budget and financial management purposes, this program is operated as a credit program under the Federal Credit Reform
Act of 1990. Budget authority reflects the estimated net present value of future Federal non-administrative costs for awards made
in a given fiscal year. The 2021 amount includes a net upward reestimate of $75.1 million and a net upward modification of $46.9
million. The upward net modification for 2021 reflects costs related to the extension of COVID-19 emergency relief measures on
federal student loans and the cost of updated program regulations to improve the certification process and reduce grant to loan
conversions. The 2022 amount includes a net upward re-estimate of $65.8 million and a net upward modification of $1.9 million.
The upward net modification for 2022 reflects costs related to the extension of COVID-19 emergency relief measures on federal
student loans through May 1, 2022 and the shift to Business Process Operations. The amount for 2023 reflects new loan subsidy.
3 Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) budget authority does not include the Liquidating account. The FFEL reestimates include
the Ensuring Continued Access to Student Loans Act (ECASLA) reestimates. The 2021 amount includes a net upward reestimate
of $3.2 billion and upward modification of $6.1 billion. The 2022 amount includes a net upward reestimate of $9.8 billion and an
upward modification of $2.2 billion. The fiscal year 2021 and 2022 FFEL modifications reflect costs related to the extension of
COVID-19 emergency relief measures on federal student loans through May 1, 2022. The FFEL modifications in fiscal year 2021
also reflects costs associated with the regulatory action to clarify that borrowers determined to be eligible for a total and permanent
disability discharge based on data that the Secretary obtains from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or the Social Security
Administration (SSA) are not required to submit an application to have their Federal student loans discharged. The fiscal year 2022
FFEL modifications also reflect costs related the shift of default collection activities to Business Process Operations.
4 The 2021 amount includes a net upward reestimate of $52.8 billion and an upward modifications of $70.9 billion. The 2022
amount includes a net upward reestimate of $13.0 billion and a net upward modification of $2.2 billion. The Direct Loan upward
net reestimate for fiscal year 2022 is primarily due to updated Income Driven Repayment model assumptions, updates to the
discharge model, and discount rates. The fiscal year 2021 and 2022 Direct Loan modifications reflect costs related to the extension
of COVID-19 emergency relief measures on federal student loans through May 1, 2022. The Direct Loan modifications in fiscal
year 2021 also reflects costs associated with the regulatory action to clarify that borrowers determined to be eligible for a total and
permanent disability discharge based on data that the Secretary obtains from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or the Social
Security Administration (SSA) are not required to submit an application to have their Federal student loans discharged. The Direct
Loan modification in fiscal year 2021 also reflects costs associated with permitting borrowers who work for employers that engage
in religious instruction, worship services, or proselytizing to qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness so long as they meet the
applicable standards. The fiscal year 2022 Direct Loan modifications also reflect costs related the shift of default collection
activities to Business Process Operations.

39
AID AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS
(in thousands) 2021 2022 2023
Request

Pell Grants $26,400.5 $26,695.3 $38,714.7

Supplemental Educational 1,251.7 1,251.7 1,251.7

Opportunity Grants

Work-Study 1,207.7 1,207.7 1,207.7

Iraq and Afghanistan 0.7 0.7 0.9

Service Grants

New Student Loans1

Federal Direct Loans 84,456.5 85,028.9 85,182.8

TEACH Grants 75.0 75.9 81.1

Total, Aid Available to 113,392.0 114,260.2 126,438.9

Students2

Unduplicated Count of 8,754 8,718 8,910

Postsecondary Students
Aided by Department
Programs

Note: Numbers may not add due to rounding.

1 Consolidation Loans for existing borrowers will total $20.0 billion in 2021; $26.2 billion in 2022; and $27.2 billion in 2023.

2 Shows total aid generated by Department programs.

40
NUMBER OF STUDENT AID AWARDS
(in thousands) 2021 2022 2023
Request

Pell Grants 6,104.0 6,133.0 6,657.0

Supplemental Educational 1,662.0 1,662.0 1,662.0

Opportunity Grants

Work-Study 621.0 621.0 621.0

Iraq and Afghanistan 0.1 0.1 0.1

Service Grants

New Student Loans1

Federal Direct Loans 12,528.1 12,422.8 12,312.7

TEACH Grants 34.0 34.4 34.8

Total, Number of 20,949.2 20,873.3 21,287.6

Student Aid Awards

Note: Numbers may not add due to rounding.

1Excludes Consolidation Loans. Number of Consolidation Loans will total 324,000 in 2021; 380,000 in 2022; and 401,000 in
2023.

41
FEDERAL PELL GRANT PROGRAM
BA in millions 2021 2022 2023
Request

Discretionary budget authority $22,475.4 $22,475.4 $24,275.4

Mandatory budget authority 5,167.6 5,096.0 11,960.0

Definite mandatory funding 1,142.0 1,142.0 1,029.0

Total 28,784.9 28,713.4 37,264.4

Maximum grant (in whole dollars)

Discretionary portion $5,435 $5,435 $6,335

Mandatory add-on 1,060 1,060 2,335

Total 6,495 6,495 8,670

Program costs (dollars in millions) $26,431.0 $26,726.0 $38,748.0

Aid available (dollars in millions) $26,400.5 $26,695.3 $38,714.7

Average grant (in whole dollars) $4,325 $4,353 $5,816

Recipients (in thousands) 6,104 6,133 6,657

The Federal Pell Grant program helps ensure financial access to postsecondary education by providing
grant aid to low- and moderate-income undergraduate students. The program is the largest need-based
postsecondary student grant program, with individual awards based on the financial circumstances of
students and their families. The fiscal year 2023 request provides $24.3 billion for Pell Grants and lays out
a path to double the grant by 2029. The Budget increases the maximum award to $8,670, a historic $2,175
increase over the current level, thereby expanding access and making college more affordable for an
estimated 6.7 million students

42
CAMPUS-BASED AID PROGRAMS
Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants (FSEOG) and Federal Work-Study are called the
“campus-based aid” programs because they make grants directly to participating institutions, which have
considerable flexibility to package awards based on the needs of their students.

FEDERAL SUPPLEMENTAL EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY GRANTS

2021 2022 2023
Request

BA in millions $880.0 $880.0 $880.0

Aid available (dollars in millions) $1,251.7 $1,251.7 $1,251.7

Average award (in whole dollars) $753 $753 $753

Recipients (in thousands) 1,662 1,662 1,662

The FSEOG program provides need-based grant aid to eligible undergraduate students to help reduce
financial barriers to postsecondary education. Federal funding allocations are awarded to qualifying
postsecondary institutions under a statutory formula. The Request funds FSEOG at $880 million, the same
as the FY 2021 enacted.

FEDERAL WORK-STUDY
2021 2022 2023
Request

BA in millions $1,190.0 $1,190.0 $1,190.0

Aid available (dollars in millions) $1,207.7 $1,207.7 $1,207.7

Average award (in whole dollars) $1,946 $1,946 $1,946

Recipients (in thousands) 621 621 621

The Federal Work-Study program provides grants to participating institutions to pay up to 75 percent of the
wages of eligible undergraduate and graduate students working part-time to help pay their college costs.
The school or another eligible employer provides the balance of the student’s wages. The Request funds
Federal Work-Study at $1,190 million, the same as the FY 2021 enacted.

43
IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN SERVICE GRANTS
2021 2022 2023
Request

BA in thousands $589 $692 $743

Aid available (dollars in thousands) $692 $692 $924

Average award (in whole dollars)1 $5,672 $5,672 $7,574

Recipients (2) (2) (2)

1 Average award amounts reflect impact of sequestration.

2 Number of recipients estimated to be fewer than 500.

The Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant (IASG) program provides non-need-based grants to students whose
parent or guardian was a member of the Armed Forces who died in Iraq or Afghanistan as a result of
performing military service after September 11, 2001. Of those dependents of deceased service men and
women, students who meet the financial criteria for the Pell Grant program are eligible for a maximum Pell
Grant and those who do not are eligible to receive a Service Grant. Additionally, students must be 24 years
old or younger; or, if older than 24, must have been enrolled in an institution of higher education at the time
of the parent or guardian’s death. Service Grants are equal to the maximum Pell Grant for a given award
year, which the Budget proposes to set at $8,670 for the 2023–2024 award year.

44
TEACH GRANTS
2021 2022 2023
Request

BA in millions $149.21 $102.61 $39.11

Aid available to students (in millions) $75.0 $75.9 $81.1

Maximum grant (in whole dollars) $4,000 $4,000 $4,000

Average grant (in whole dollars) $2,204 $2,204 $2,329

Recipients (in thousands) 34.0 34.4 34.8

1 The 2021 amount includes a net downward reestimate of $75.1 million and an upward net modification for fiscal year 2021 that
reflects costs related to the extension of COVID-19 emergency relief measures on federal student loans and the cost of updated
program regulations to improve the certification process and reduce grant to loan conversions. The 2022 amount includes a net
upward reestimate of $65.8 million and upward net modification of $1.9 million. The upward net modification for fiscal year 2022
reflects costs related to the extension of COVID-19 emergency relief measures on federal student loans through May 1, 2022, and
the shift to Business Process Operations. The amount for 2023 reflects new loan subsidy.

The TEACH Grant program awards annual grants of up to $4,000 to eligible undergraduate and graduate
students who agree to serve, within 8 years of graduation, as full-time teachers in a high-need field (e.g.,
mathematics, science, foreign language, bilingual education, special education, or reading) at a high-need
school for not less than 4 years. For students who fail to fulfill this service requirement, grants are converted
to Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loans with interest accrued from the date the grants were awarded. The
Administration projects that 51 percent of students receiving TEACH Grants will have their grants
converted to loans. For budget and financial management purposes, the TEACH program is operated as a
loan program with 100 percent forgiveness of outstanding principal and interest upon completion of a
student’s service requirement. Consistent with the requirements of the Credit Reform Act of 1990, budget
authority for this program reflects the estimated net present value of all future non-administrative Federal
costs associated with awards made in a given fiscal year.

45
FEDERAL FAMILY EDUCATION LOANS AND DIRECT LOANS
BA in millions 2021 2022 2023
Request

Federal Family Education Loans1

Net modification of existing loans $6,112.3 2 $ 2,157.4 2 -

Net reestimate of existing loans $ 3,192.1 4 $ 9,797.2 4 -

Total, FFEL program BA $9,304.4 $11,954.6 -

Federal Direct Loans

New Loan Subsidies (BA) $413.73 $6,043.03 $12,733.03

Net modification of existing loans $70,861.52 $2,222.62 -

Net reestimate of existing loans $52,835.94 $13,004.94 -

Total, new budget authority $124,111.1 $21,269.4 $12,733.0

Total, student loans (BA) $133,415.5 $33,224.1 $12,733.0

1 FFEL budget authority does not include the liquidating account.

2 Under Credit Reform, costs or savings related to the impact of enacted policy changes on existing loans are reflected in the current

year. The fiscal year 2021 and 2022 FFEL and Direct Loan modifications reflect costs related to the extension of COVID-19
emergency relief measures on federal student loans through May 1, 2022. The Direct Loan and FFEL modifications in fiscal year
2021 also reflects costs associated with the regulatory action to clarify that borrowers determined to be eligible for a total and
permanent disability discharge based on data that the Secretary obtains from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) or the Social
Security Administration (SSA) are not required to submit an application to have their Federal student loans discharged. The Direct
Loan modification in fiscal year 2021 also reflects costs associated with permitting borrowers who work for employers that engage
in religious instruction, worship services, or proselytizing to qualify for Public Service Loan Forgiveness so long as they meet the
applicable standards. The fiscal year 2022 FFEL and Direct Loan modifications also reflect costs related the shift to Business
Process Operations.

3 Total includes amount for Consolidation Loans.

4 Under Credit Reform, the subsidy amounts are reestimated annually in both Direct Loans and FFEL to account for changes in
long-term projections. Reestimates and modifications reflect the impact of changes on outstanding portfolios of $149 billion for
FFEL, $46 billion for ECASLA, and $1,292 billion for Direct Loans.

46
NEW LOAN VOLUME
(in millions) 2021 2022 2023
Request
Direct Loans:

Stafford loans $16,244.7 $16,025.4 $15,867.6

Unsubsidized Stafford loans 45,843.1 46,346.1 46,224.5

Parent PLUS loans 10,297.2 10,340.4 10,610.7

Grad PLUS loans 12,071.5 12,317.1 12,480.0

Total1 84,456.5 85,028.9 85,182.8

Number of New Loans

(in thousands) 2021 2022 2023

Request
Direct Loans:

Stafford loans 4,628 4,562 4,515

Unsubsidized Stafford loans 6,646 6,616 6,551

Parent PLUS loans 658 650 653

Grad PLUS loans 595 595 593

Total1 12,528 12,423 12,313

1Consolidation Loans for existing borrowers will total $20.0 billion and 324,000 loans in 2021, $26.2 billion and 380,000 loans in
2022, and $27.2 billion and 401,000 loans in 2023.

The Department of Education operates two major student loan programs—the Federal Family Education
Loan (FFEL) program and the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) program—but since
July 1, 2010, the Department has made new loans only through the Direct Loan program. The legacy FFEL
program made loans to students and their families through private lenders, with loans guaranteed by the
Federal Government and administered by State and private nonprofit guaranty agencies.

47
Under the Direct Loan program, the Federal Government provides the loan capital and schools disburse
loan funds to students. The Department carries out its loan origination and servicing functions under Direct
Loans through private contractors. The Direct Loan program features four types of loans with fixed interest
rates that are set annually (note that these descriptions are for current law).
Stafford Loans are low-interest loans with annual and aggregate limits available to undergraduate students
based on financial need. The Federal Government pays the interest while the student is in school and during
certain grace and deferment periods. The current interest rate for undergraduate loans made in award year
2021–2022 is 3.73 percent.

• Unsubsidized Stafford Loans are low-interest loans with annual and aggregate limits available to
undergraduate and graduate students, regardless of financial need. The Federal Government does
not pay interest for the student during in-school, grace, and deferment periods. The interest rate is
3.73 percent for undergraduate borrowers and 5.28 percent for graduate and professional borrowers
in award year 2021-2022.

• PLUS Loans are available to parents of dependent undergraduate students and to graduate and
professional students. There is no annual or aggregate limit on the amount that can be borrowed
other than the cost of attendance minus other student financial aid. The interest rate is 6.28 percent
in award year 2021–2022, and the Federal Government does not pay interest during in-school,
grace, and deferment periods.

• Consolidation Loans allow borrowers with multiple student loans who meet certain criteria to
combine their loans and extend their repayment schedules. The rate for both FFEL and Direct
Consolidation Loans is based on the weighted average of loans consolidated rounded up to the
nearest one-eighth of 1 percent. The resulting rate for the consolidated loan is then fixed for the life
of the loan.

The Administration looks forward to working with Congress on changes to the Higher Education Act that
ease the burden of student debt, including through improvements to the Income Driven Repayment (IDR)
and Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) programs.

48
E. HIGHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS

OVERVIEW
The Request includes $3.8 billion in discretionary funds for Higher Education programs aimed at improving
student achievement and increasing access to a high-quality education for all students.

To foster more and better opportunities in higher education for communities that are often underserved, the
Request provides $1.1 billion in discretionary and mandatory funding to expand capacity at institutions of
higher education that serve high proportions of students of color. This includes a discretionary request of
$886.8 million for Aid for Institutional Development (Title III, which funds Historically Black Colleges
and Universities and other Minority-Serving Institutions, as well as community colleges with low
endowments and below-average educational and general expenditures), an increase of $247 million or 38.6
percent over the 2021 enacted level; and $265.6 million for Aid for Hispanic-Serving (Title V), an increase
of $103 million, or 63 percent, over the 2021 enacted level. In addition to the discretionary Request, $255
million is available in mandatory funding in fiscal year 2023. The Request for Title III and Title V
demonstrates the Administration’s commitment to assisting institutions that enroll a large proportion of
students of color and disadvantaged students by providing funds to improve institutions’ academic
programs and administrative and fundraising capabilities.

The Request would provide $1.3 billion in fiscal year 2023 for the Federal TRIO Programs, an increase of
$200.8 million or 18.3 percent over the 2021 enacted level, to provide services to encourage underserved
individuals to enter and complete college and postgraduate education. Additionally, the Request includes
$408 million, an increase of $40 million over the 2021 enacted level, to assist middle and high school
students in preparing for college through Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate
Programs (GEAR UP).

The Request provides $78.2 million for the International Education and Foreign Language Studies
programs to help meet the Nation's security and economic needs through the development of expertise in
foreign languages and area and international studies. The Request provides $23.5 million for merit- and
need-based scholarships and fellowships to postsecondary students under the Graduate Assistance in Areas
of National Need (GAANN) program.

For fiscal year 2023, the Administration requests $95 million for the Child Care Access Means Parents in
School (CCAMPIS) program, an increase of $40 million from the 2021 enacted level. The CCAMPIS
program helps to ensure that low-income student parents enroll in, persist in, and complete postsecondary
education by helping to meet their needs for affordable and convenient child care. The request reflects the
Administration’s strong commitment to closing equity gaps that limit access to and success in
postsecondary education, including the extra challenges faced by underserved college student parents in
finding high-quality, low-cost child care.

The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (FIPSE) would receive $560 million, up
$519 million over the 2021 enacted level, to support two new grant programs. The Retention and
Completion Grant program would provide competitive grants to States, TCUs and systems of IHEs to
implement or expand evidence-based, institution or State-level retention and completion reforms that
improve student outcomes. The Research Infrastructure Investments for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs program
would support both planning and implementation grants designed to promote transformational investments
in research infrastructure, including physical infrastructure and human capital development.

49
The Request would make two significant new investments in teacher recruitment and preparation, including
$132.1 million, for the Teacher Quality Partnership (TQP) program, an increase of $80 million over the
2021 enacted level, to help support a variety of effective pathways into teaching and support our Nation’s
teaching force in improving student outcomes; and $20 million for a new Hawkins Centers of Excellence
program designed to increase the quality and number of new teachers of color prepared at a subset of high-
priority institutions of higher education.

To help fund evidence building to improve postsecondary education, the Request also proposes through
appropriations language a new HEA pooled evaluation authority to improve data collection and conduct
rigorous research and evaluations of the Department’s postsecondary programs. The pooled evaluation
authority is modeled after the successful authority incorporated into the Elementary and Secondary Act by
the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015. The authority would permit the Department to reserve up to
0.5 percent of funding appropriated for each HEA program, with the exception of the Pell Grant program
and the Student Aid Administration account.

50
AID FOR INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
2023
BA in millions 2021 2022 Request
Strengthening Institutions Program (SIP) $109.0 $109.0 $209.0
Strengthening Tribally Controlled Colleges
and Universities (TCCUs) 38.1 38.1 53.1
Strengthening Tribally Controlled Colleges 1
and Universities (mandatory TCCUs) 28.31 28.3 30.0
Strengthening Alaska Native and Native
Hawaiian-serving Institutions (ANNHs) 19.0 19.0 25.0
Strengthening Alaska Native and Native
Hawaiian-serving Institutions
1 1
(mandatory ANNHs) 14.1 14.1 15.0
Strengthening Historically Black Colleges
and Universities (HBCUs) 337.6 337.6 402.6
Strengthening Historically Black Colleges
and Universities (mandatory HBCUs) 80.21 80.21 85.0
Strengthening Historically Black Graduate
Institutions (HBGIs) 87.3 87.3 102.3
Strengthening HBCU Master’s Program 11.0 11.0 21.0
Strengthening Predominantly Black
Institutions (PBIs) 14.2 14.2 23.2
Strengthening Predominantly Black 1 1
Institutions (mandatory PBIs) 14.1 14.1 15.0
Strengthening Asian American- and Native
American Pacific Islander-serving
Institutions (AANAPISIs) 5.1 5.1 20.1
Strengthening Asian American- and Native
American Pacific Islander-serving
1 1
Institutions (mandatory AANAPISIs) 4.7 4.7 5.0
Strengthening Native American-serving
nontribal institutions (NASNTIs) 5.1 5.1 12.1
Strengthening Native American-serving
nontribal institutions (mandatory
1 1
NASNTIs) 4.7 4.7 5.0
Minority Science and Engineering
Improvement (MSEIP) 13.4 13.4 18.4
Total 786.0 786.0 1,041.8
Discretionary 639.8 639.8 886.8
Mandatory 146.2 146.2 155.0

1 Mandatory appropriations are provided under Section 371 of the HEA, as amended by P.L. 116-91. These amounts include

sequester reductions of 5.7 percent in 2021 and 5.7 percent in 2022 that went into effect October 1, 2020, and October 1, 2021,
respectively, pursuant to the Budget Control Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-25). The amount requested for fiscal year 2023 does not reflect
an anticipated reduction pursuant to the Budget Control Act of 2011.

51
The Request for Aid for Institutional Development (Title III) continues to support institutions, including
community colleges, that serve large percentages of students of color and low-income students. Title III
funding, which is awarded both competitively and by a formula that directs aid to specified institutions,
helps provide equal educational opportunity and strong academic programs for these students and enhances
the financial stability of the institutions that serve them. Funds may be used to plan, develop, and implement
activities that support student services, interventions that promote degree completion, and faculty
development; administrative management; development and improvement of academic programs; joint use
of libraries and laboratories; construction, maintenance, and renovation of instructional facilities; and
endowment funds.

The Strengthening Institutions Program supports institutions, especially community colleges, that provide
educational opportunities to low-income and students of color. Fiscal year 2023 funding would support a
competition for new awards and support continuation awards to more than 400 grantees.

Strengthening ANNH program supports institutions with undergraduate enrollments that are at least 20
percent Alaska Native and at least 10 percent Native Hawaiian students, respectively. The discretionary
request would support continuation awards and enable the Department to conduct a competition for new
awards for these institutions, which typically are located in remote areas not served by other institutions.

Strengthening TCCUs supports 35 Tribal Colleges and Universities located primarily in remote areas not
served by other postsecondary education institutions. These institutions offer a broad range of degree and
vocational certificate programs to students for whom these educational opportunities would otherwise be
geographically and culturally inaccessible.

Strengthening HBCUs supports any accredited, legally authorized HBCU that was established prior to 1964
and which retains a principal mission of educating African Americans. Fiscal year 2023 funding would
support 97 HBCUs.

Strengthening HBGIs supports 24 postgraduate institutions with schools of law, medical schools, or other
graduate programs.

Strengthening Predominantly Black Institutions (PBIs) makes awards to primarily urban and rural 2-year
colleges that have an enrollment of undergraduate students that is at least 40 percent African American and
that serve at least 50 percent low-income or first-generation college students.

Strengthening HBCU Master’s Program supports 18 HBCUs, specified in Section 723 of the HEA,
determined to be making a substantial contribution to graduate education opportunities for Black Americans
at the master’s level in mathematics, engineering, the physical or natural sciences, computer science,
information technology, nursing, allied health, or other scientific disciplines.

Strengthening PBIs makes awards to primarily urban and rural 2-year colleges that have an enrollment of
undergraduate students that is at least 40 percent African American and that serve at least 50 percent low-
income or first-generation college students.

Strengthening AANAPISIs supports institutions with undergraduate enrollments that are at least 10 percent
Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander.

Strengthening NASNTIs supports institutions that are not designated as TCCUs yet enroll at least 10 percent
Native American students and serve at least 50 percent low-income students.

52
The Minority Science and Engineering Improvement program would fund approximately 15 new grants
and 38 continuation grants that support improvement in science and engineering education at predominantly
minority institutions and increase the participation of underrepresented ethnic minorities, particularly
minority women, in scientific and technological careers.

In addition to these discretionary requested levels, a total of $255 million is available in mandatory funding
in fiscal year 2023 for the Title III and Title V programs authorized by Section 371 of the HEA—
$155 million for the Title III programs and $100 million for Title V programs.

AID FOR HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS

BA in millions 2023
2021 2022 Request

Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions

(HSIs) (discretionary) $148.7 $148.7 $236.7

Mandatory Developing HSI STEM and

Articulation Programs 94.31 94.31 100.0

Promoting Postbaccalaureate Opportunities for

Hispanic Americans (discretionary) 13.8 13.8 28.8
Total 256.8 256.8 365.5
Discretionary 162.5 162.5 265.5
Mandatory 94.31 94.31 100.0

1 Mandatory appropriations are provided under Section 371 of the HEA, as amended by P.L. 116-91. The 2021 and 2022 levels for
mandatory programs has been reduced by 5.7 percent which became effective on October 1, 2020, and October 1, 2021,
respectively, pursuant to the Budget Control Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-25). Although the 2023 level for mandatory programs is
expected to be reduced by 5.7 percent, the amount in the table does not include the sequester reduction.

The Developing Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs) program funds competitive grants to expand and
enhance the academic quality, institutional management, fiscal stability, and self-sufficiency of colleges
and universities that enroll large percentages of Hispanic students.

The HSI STEM and Articulation Program is designed to increase the number of Hispanic and other students
from low-income backgrounds attaining degrees in STEM fields and to support the development of model
transfer and articulation agreements between 2-year HSIs and 4-year IHEs in such fields.

The Promoting Postbaccalaureate Opportunities for Hispanic Americans program provides funds to eligible
HSIs that offer a postbaccalaureate certificate or postbaccalaureate degree-granting program. The program
is designed to help Hispanic Americans gain entry into and succeed in graduate study, a level of education
in which they are underrepresented.

53
INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDIES (IEFLS)

2023
BA in millions
2021 2022 Request

Domestic Programs $69.4 $69.4 $69.4

Overseas Programs 8.8 8.8 8.8
Total 78.2 78.2 78.2
These programs support comprehensive language and area study centers within the United States, research
and curriculum development, and opportunities for American scholars to study abroad. In addition to
promoting general understanding of the peoples of other countries, the Department’s International Programs
also serve important economic, diplomatic, defense, and other national security interests. The request would
enable the Department to help maintain the national capacity in teaching and learning less commonly taught
languages and associated area studies and to continue to work toward increasing the global competency of
all U.S. students. All funds requested in fiscal year 2023 for the IEFLS programs would support new and
continuation grants and fellowships.

TRIBALLY CONTROLLED POSTSECONDARY CAREER AND TECHNICAL INSTITUTIONS

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $10.6 $10.6 $10.6

The Request would support awards to tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions
that meet the program’s eligibility requirements to fund instructional and student support services under
the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act.

SPECIAL PROGRAMS FOR MIGRANT STUDENTS

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $46.1 $46.1 $66.1

The Request provides $66.1 million for Special Programs for Migrant Students, an increase of $20 million
over the 2021 enacted level, in support of the President’s goal to advance equity in education. Special
Programs for Migrant Students includes the High School Equivalency Program (HEP), which funds
competitively selected projects to help low-income migratory and seasonal farmworkers and fishers earn
high school diplomas or equivalency certificates, and the College Assistance Migrant Program (CAMP),
which makes competitive grants to provide stipends and special services, such as tutoring and counseling,
to migratory students who are in their first year of college. The request expand programs that have
demonstrated success in helping migrant youth who are particularly at risk for low educational,

54
employment, and earnings outcomes. For example, approximately 96 percent of CAMP participants who
completed their first academic year in a postsecondary program continued their postsecondary education,
significantly better than the 81 percent retention rate for undergraduates at 4-year institutions from 2017 to
2018 and the 62 percent retention rate at 2-year institutions during the same period.

FEDERAL TRIO PROGRAMS

2023
BA in millions 2021 2022 Request

Talent Search $171.2 $171.2 $183.8

Upward Bound 356 356 344.9
Veterans Upward Bound 19.3 19.3 18.9
Upward Bound Math-Science 65.9 65.9 65.9
Educational Opportunity Centers 56.0 56.0 59.9
Student Support Services 364.1 364.1 563.9
McNair Post Baccalaureate Achievement 38.0 38.0 51.1
Staff Training 3.2 3.2 3.2
Evaluation 0 0 0
Administration/Peer Review 5.5 5.5 6.2
Total 1,097.0 1,097.0 1,297.8

Note: Amounts may not add due to rounding.

The TRIO programs are among the Department’s largest investments aimed at getting more students
prepared for, into, and through postsecondary education. The request provides more than $200 million over
the 2021 enacted level and would enable the Department to make increased investments in student retention
and completion through a new award competition for the Student Support Services program, while also
maintaining support for more than 1,800 TRIO projects begun in prior years.

GAINING EARLY AWARENESS AND READINESS FOR UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS (GEAR UP)

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $368.0 $368.0 $408.0

GEAR UP provides funds to States and partnerships for early college preparation and awareness activities
to help low-income elementary and secondary school students prepare for and pursue postsecondary
education. Several features of GEAR UP, including targeting entire grades of students, partnering with local

55
organizations and businesses, and matching Federal funds with local contributions, allow projects to serve
large numbers of students. The request increases funding by $40 million from the 2021 enacted level and
would support new and continuation awards for approximately 37 States and 135 Partnerships in fiscal
year 2023.

GRADUATE ASSISTANCE IN AREAS OF NATIONAL NEED (GAANN)

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $23.5 $23.5 $23.5

GAANN provides fellowships, through competitive grants to postsecondary institutions, to graduate

students with superior ability and high financial need studying in areas of national need. Participating
graduate schools must provide assurances that they would seek talented students from traditionally
underrepresented backgrounds. The 2023 request would support approximately 400 fellowships.

TRANSITION PROGRAMS FOR STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES INTO HIGHER

EDUCATION (TPSID)

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $13.8 $13.8 $15.2

The TPSID program supports competitive grants awarded to institutions of higher education or consortia
of such institutions to create or expand high-quality, inclusive model comprehensive transition and
postsecondary programs for students with intellectual disabilities. The Request would support
approximately 25 continuation awards, including two technical assistance centers.

CHILD CARE ACCESS MEANS PARENTS IN SCHOOL

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $55.0 $55.0 $95.0

This competitive grant program supports the participation of low-income parents in postsecondary
education through campus-based childcare services. Grants made to institutions of higher education must
be used to supplement childcare services or start a new program, not to supplant funds for current childcare
services. The program gives priority to institutions that leverage local or institutional resources and employ
a sliding fee scale. The Request provides an increase of $40 million and would support an estimated 150
continuation awards and 150 new awards.

56
FUND FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $41.0 $41.0 $560.0

The Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education supports a wide range of activities to support
State and institutional reforms and innovative programs with the potential to transform postsecondary
education. This Request would support two new grant programs, including $110 million is for the Retention
and Completion Grant program, which would provide competitive grants to States, TCUs and systems of
IHEs to implement or expand evidence-based, institutional level retention and completion reforms that
improve student outcomes. In addition, $450 million is for the Research Infrastructure Investments program
for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that would support both planning and implementation grants designed to
promote transformational investments in research infrastructure, including physical infrastructure and
human capital development.

TEACHER QUALITY PARTNERSHIP (TQP)

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $52.1 $52.1 $132.1

This program supports projects that improve the preparation of teachers, including grow your own programs
that support the development of teachers from communities schools serve and teacher residency programs
that are based on (1) strong partnerships between IHEs and LEAs and integrate coursework with clinical
practice that is ideally a full-year served along an expert mentor teacher in model teaching schools, (2)
enhance professional development activities for teachers, (3) recruit highly qualified individuals, (4)
prioritize teacher shortage areas, (5) increase the diversity of the teaching workforce; and (6) attract talented
professionals from outside the teaching pipeline into the classroom. The request would support
approximately $91.3 million in new awards under the program with a focus on teacher residencies and
“grow your own” programs, which have a greater impact on student outcomes and teacher retention and
are more likely to enroll teacher candidates of color. Expanding funding for this program is critical to
increasing the number of well-prepared educators who can help students recover from the impacts of the
pandemic.

57
AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions — — $20.0

The request again includes $20 million in first-time funding for the Hawkins Centers of Excellence
program, authorized under Part B of Title II of the Higher Education Act, to support diversifying the
educator workforce by increasing the number of high-quality teacher preparation programs at Historically
Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal Colleges and Universities, and Minority Serving Institutions, such
as Hispanic-Serving Institutions. Increasing the number of educators of color is a key strategy in the
Administration’s equity agenda aimed at improving educational opportunities and outcomes for students of
color. Research shows that teachers of color benefit all students and can have a significant impact on
students of color, yet only one in five teachers are people of color, compared to more than half of K-12
public school students. Eligible institutions collectively prepare half of all teachers of color and are ideally
positioned to help prepare a new generation of effective teachers of color for high-need schools. The
Administration would give priority in making new awards to applicants that propose to incorporate
evidence-based components and practices into their teacher preparation programs to the greatest extent
possible.

58
HOWARD UNIVERSITY

2023
BA in millions 2021 2022 Request

General Support $216.7 $216.7 $226.7

Howard University Hospital 34.3 34.3 84.3

Total 251.0 251.0 311.0

Howard University is a congressionally chartered HBCU that plays an important role in providing Black or
African American students with access to a high-quality postsecondary education. The fiscal year 2023
Request would maintain strong support for Howard University’s academic and research programs serving
undergraduate, graduate, and professional students. In addition to a $10 million increase for General
Support, the Request would provide $50 million to Howard University Hospital to support rebuilding of
the historic institution. Federal support for the Hospital also enables provision of medical, dental, and other
health-related education, research, and training opportunities for graduate and professional students. The
Request includes $3.4 million for Howard University’s endowment, which is designed to assist the
University in increasing its financial strength and independence, and proposes to lift the restriction in the
HBCU Capital Financing Program to allow Howard University access to the Program.

ACADEMIC FACILITIES
BA in millions
2023
2021 2022 Request

HBCU Capital Financing Program $48.5 $48.5 $20.7

CHAFL Federal Administration 0.4 0.4 0.3

These programs support the construction, reconstruction, and renovation of academic facilities at
institutions of higher education. The Request for the HBCU Capital Financing Program would support the
management and servicing of loan guarantees on previously issued loans, and includes $20 million in loan
subsidy that would allow the program to guarantee $750 million in new loans in 2023. Funds also would
be used to continue technical assistance services to help HBCUs increase their fiscal stability and improve
their access to capital markets. The Request also proposes to lift the restriction in the HBCU Capital
Financing Program to allow Howard University access to the Program. Funding for College Housing
Administration Facilities Loans (CHAFL) Federal Administration is used solely to manage and service
existing portfolios of facilities loans and grants made in prior years.

59
F. INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION SCIENCES

OVERVIEW
The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) supports sustained programs of research, statistics, and evaluation
to study and provide solutions to the challenges faced by schools, teachers, and learners. Investment in
research, statistics, and evaluation activities is critical in order to identify effective instructional and
program practices, track student achievement, and measure the impact of educational reform. Through its
four centers—the National Center for Education Research, the National Center for Education Statistics, the
National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, and the National Center for Special
Education Research—IES ensures the Federal investment in education research, statistics, and evaluation
is of high quality and relevant to the needs of educators and policymakers. The Administration requests
$662.5 million for IES activities, $20.1 million more than 2021 enacted level.

RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DISSEMINATION

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $197.9 $197.9 $197.9

The Request supports critical investments in education research, development, dissemination, and
evaluation that provide parents, teachers, schools, and policymakers with evidence-based information on
effective educational practices.

STATISTICS
2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $111.5 $111.5 $111.5

The Department’s Statistics program—operated primarily through competitively awarded contracts

administered by National Center for Education Statistics—provides general statistics about trends in
education, collects data to monitor reform and measure educational progress, and informs the IES research
agenda. The Request would support the collection, analysis, and dissemination of education-related
statistics in response to both legislative requirements and to the particular needs of data providers, data
users, and educational researchers.

60
REGIONAL EDUCATIONAL LABORATORIES
2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $57.0 $57.0 $57.0

Funds support a network of 10 regional laboratories that provide expert advice, including training and
technical assistance, to help States and school districts apply proven research findings in their school
improvement efforts. Funds also support the Regional Educational Laboratories in widely disseminating
information about best practices.

ASSESSMENT
2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $172.7 $172.7 $192.8

The Request includes a $20.1 million increase to the established assessment schedule under the ongoing
National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and to support research and development activities
to maintain assessment quality while reducing future program costs. NAEP measures and reports on the
status of and trends in student learning over time on a subject-by-subject basis and makes objective
information on student performance available to policymakers, educators, parents, and the public. As the
largest nationally representative and continuing assessment of what American students know and can do,
NAEP has become a key measure of our Nation’s educational performance. The proposed increase would
support preparation for and implementation of the 2024 assessments; further analysis and reporting of 2022
assessments in reading, mathematics, civics, and U.S history; and research and development needed to
maintain NAEP quality and reduce future program costs.

RESEARCH IN SPECIAL EDUCATION

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $58.5 $58.5 $58.5

Funds support a comprehensive program of special education research designed to expand the knowledge
and understanding of infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities; answer questions about how children
with disabilities develop and learn; and learn how best to support their development through improved
teaching and special education and related services. Continued investment in such long-term programs of
research is necessary to accumulate empirical knowledge and develop evidence-based practices and policies
that will result in improved academic achievement, social and emotional well- being, behavior, and physical
development for children with disabilities.

61
STATEWIDE LONGITUDINAL DATA SYSTEMS
2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $33.5 $33.5 $33.5

Funds support competitive grant awards to States to foster the design, development, implementation, and
use of longitudinal data systems. In addition, funds would support awards to public and private agencies to
improve data coordination, quality, and use at the local, State, and national levels.

SPECIAL EDUCATION STUDIES AND EVALUATIONS

2023
2021 2022 Request

BA in millions $11.3 $11.3 $11.3

This program supports studies to assess the implementation of the Individuals with Disabilities Education
Act (IDEA) and the effectiveness of State and local efforts to provide special education and early
intervention programs and services to infants, toddlers, and children with disabilities.

62
G. DEPARTMENTAL MANAGEMENT

OVERVIEW
Congress established the Department of Education as a Cabinet level agency in 1980. Today, the
Department supports programs that touch every area and level of education. The Department's early
learning, elementary, and secondary education programs annually serve more than 17,000 school districts
and more than 56 million students attending more than 98,000 public and 32,000 private schools.
Department programs also provide grant, loan, and work-study assistance to nearly 9 million postsecondary
students at approximately 5,600 institutions of higher education.

The Department is responsible for administering education programs authorized and funded by Congress
and signed into law by the President. This responsibility involves developing regulations and policy
guidance regarding program operations, determining how program funds are awarded to recipients
consistent with statutory requirements, and ensuring programs are operated fairly and conform to statutes
and laws prohibiting discrimination in federally funded activities. The Department also collects data and
conducts research on education to help focus attention on education issues of national importance.

Most Federal funds for education are distributed using one of three methods: (1) a statutory formula based
on certain eligibility requirements, such as the number of low-income students in a school district; (2) a
competitive process aimed at identifying the most promising proposals or projects targeting a particular
educational purpose; or (3) an assessment of financial need, such as the ability of a student or family to pay
for college.

Key programs include the Title I Grants to Local Educational Agencies, for which $36.5 billion would help
approximately 25 million students in high-poverty schools make progress toward State academic standards,
and $16.3 billion for the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Part B Grants to States to help States
and school districts meet the special education needs of 7.4 million students with disabilities. Key programs
also include Federal Pell Grants, which would make available $38.7 billion in need-based grants to
6.7 million students enrolled in postsecondary institutions; and the postsecondary student loan programs,
which would help provide roughly $85.2 billion in new Direct Loans to help students and families pay for
college.

The Department’s programs and responsibilities have grown substantially over the past decade. Some of
the growth has resulted from greater demands that were placed on the Department to secure sensitive data,
increase transparency through increased data reporting, provide enhanced oversight and enforcement of
programs and laws, and award and manage massive new grant programs (about $280 billion for grants to
states, school districts, and institutions of higher education) in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Federal Student Aid has been tasked with modernizing and improving the entire student aid process to
better help students and families, as well as implementing major legislation, including the FAFSA®
Simplification Act and FUTURE Act.

63
SALARIES AND EXPENSES (S&E) OVERVIEW
Departmental Management

BA in millions 2023

2021 2022 Request

Program Administration $430.0 $430.0 $548.0 1

Office for Civil Rights 131.0 131.0 161.3

Office of Inspector General 63.0 63.0 76.5

Student Aid Administration 1,853.9 1,853.9 2,654.0

Other2 8.7 8.7 8.7

Total 2,486.6 2,486.6 3,448.5

Full-Time Equivalent Employment (FTE)

(whole numbers)

Program Administration 1,573 1,556 1,762

Office for Civil Rights 584 575 676

Office of Inspector General 221 227 253

Student Aid Administration 1,525 1,527 1,597

Other2 16 19 18

Total3 3,919 3,904 4,306

1 Includes$17.5 million for Building Modernization.
2 Includessmall Federal Credit Administration accounts and S&E activities in program accounts.
3 Actual FTE usage in FY 2021; target for FY 2022 and FY 2023. Excludes CARES, CRRSAA, and ARP Act FTE.

The Department is requesting $3.4 billion for its Salaries and Expenses budget accounts in fiscal year 2023,
an increase of $962.9 million over the 2021 enacted level. The requested fiscal year 2023 increase focuses

64
on key departmental policy and management priorities. These include an increase of $30 million for the
Office for Civil Rights to advance equity in educational opportunity and delivery through an increased
investment in civil rights enforcement; an increase of $800 million for Student Aid Administration to
implement the FAFSA® Simplification Act and FUTURE Act, implement customer service and
accountability improvements to student loan servicing, and ensure the successful transition from the current
short-term loan servicing contracts to a more stable long-term contract and servicing environment; and
increased funding for continued IT security improvements to ensure the integrity of the Department of
Education systems and prevent potential breaches. Funding is also requested for building modernization
and renovation activities which will reduce the Department’s overall footprint and save on future rent costs
by vacating existing space.

The Department’s Request also includes funding necessary to restore critically needed staff capacity across
the organization. In fiscal year 2023, the request supports 4,306 Full-Time Equivalents (FTE) Employment,
a net increase of 387 FTE above the 2021 enacted level.

PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

The Program Administration account provides administrative support for most programs and offices in the
Department. The fiscal year 2023 request totals $548.0 million, an increase of $118.0 million above the
2021 enacted level. The Budget includes $340.3 million for personnel compensation and benefits to support
1,762 FTE, an increase of $64.0 million above the fiscal year 2021 enacted level of $276.3 million.

Salaries and Expenses non-personnel costs cover such items as travel, rent, mail, telephones, utilities,
printing, information technology (IT) services and security, contractual services, equipment, supplies, and
other services. The total request for non-personnel activities in fiscal year 2023 is $207.7 million, an
increase of $54.0 million above the 2021 enacted level of $153.7 million. Approximately 65 percent of the
total non-personnel request is to cover Program Administration’s share of the Department’s centralized
services. The centralized services request totals $123.1 million for fiscal year 2023, an increase of $13.4
million over the 2021 enacted level.

The overall account increase of $118.0 million is primarily needed for: (1) an increase of 189 FTE over the
2021 enacted level and a 4.6 percent government-wide pay raise plus benefits increases; (2) building
modernization and renovation activities with a goal of reducing the Department’s future rent costs; (3)
continued improvements to the Department’s IT security to ensure the integrity of the Department’s data
as well as to prevent potential IT security breaches; and (4) enhanced data collection, analysis, and reporting
of education data, including Economic Stabilization Funds programs. The Request for non-personnel
activities to support Building Modernization in fiscal year 2023 is $17.5 million.

STUDENT AID ADMINISTRATION

The Student Aid Administration account provides funds to administer the Federal student aid programs
authorized under Title IV of the Higher Education Act. These programs are the Nation’s largest source of
financial aid for postsecondary students, which helps students and families fund education costs and training
beyond high school.
This account also supports functions across the student aid lifecycle including educating students and
families on sources for obtaining aid as well as federal student loans and costs associated with processing
financial aid applications. These funds support financial tools, supports outstanding loans and collections
activities on defaulted federal loans and oversight of Title IV programs.

65
In fiscal year 2021, FSA provided $112 billion in new Federal student aid grants and loans (excluding
Direct Consolidation Loans) to more than 10.1 million postsecondary students and their families. These
students attended approximately 5,600 institutions of higher education.
The SAFRA Act ended the origination of new loans under the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL)
program. Since July 1, 2010, new loans are originated and serviced through the Direct Loan (DL) program
administered by the Department. Private lenders and guaranty agencies service and collect outstanding non-
defaulted loans from the FFEL portfolio. The Department contracts with nine servicers to service the
Department’s portfolio of over 43 million borrowers.
The Department is requesting $2.654 billion to administer the Federal student aid programs in fiscal year
2023, an increase of $800.1 million over the 2021 enacted level. The requested funds are necessary to
implement the FAFSA® Simplification Act and FUTURE Act, implement customer service and
accountability improvements to student loan servicing, and ensure the successful transition from the current
short-term loan servicing contracts to a more stable long-term contract and servicing environment.

OFFICE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS

The Department’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) investigates discrimination complaints, conducts
compliance reviews, monitors corrective action plans, and provides technical assistance on civil rights
issues. Since fiscal year 2009, the number of complaints have almost doubled, while the number of
investigative staff have only increased slightly over the same period. The fiscal year 2023 Request includes
92 additional FTE over the 2021 enacted level for OCR.

The fiscal year 2023 request for OCR is $161.3 million, which is an increase of $30.3 million above the
2021 enacted level. About $122.6 million of the requested funds, or 76 percent, is for staff pay and benefits
for 676 FTE. The remaining $38.7 million is for non-pay projects and includes funding for information
technology services, including the $6.5 million contract for the Civil Rights Data Collection. Requested
funds would ensure program support to resolve complaints of discrimination filed by the public and ensure
that institutions receiving Federal financial assistance comply with the civil rights laws enforced by OCR.

OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL

The Office of Inspector General (OIG) conducts audits and investigations of the Department’s programs
and activities to help ensure accountability for taxpayer-provided funds and to identify management
improvements. The fiscal year 2023 Request for the OIG is $76.5 million, an increase of $13.5 million over
the 2021 enacted level. Approximately 69 percent of this amount, or $52.9 million, is for personnel
compensation and benefits to support a staffing level of 253 FTE.

The non-personnel request of $23.6 million includes $1.6 million to contract for the mandatory annual audit
of the Department’s financial statements. The scope of the audit would include the examination and analysis
of account balances, review of applicable financial systems, and evaluation of internal controls and
compliance with significant laws and regulations. Additionally, the non-personnel request includes funds
to support the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency, and to continue to develop the
ability to perform predictive analytics with a tool to identify patterns of fraud and risk, allowing the OIG to
better target its audit and investigative work.

66
III. APPENDIX
A. Detailed Budget Table by Program

67
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Education for the Disadvantaged

1. Grants to local educational agencies (ESEA I-A):

(a) Basic grants (section 1124)
Annual appropriation D 5,695,625 5,695,625 5,695,625 0 0.00%
Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 763,776 763,776 763,776 0 0.00%

Subtotal D 6,459,401 6,459,401 6,459,401 0 0.00%

(b) Concentration grants (section 1124A)

Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 1,362,301 1,362,301 1,362,301 0 0.00%

(c) Targeted grants (section 1125)

Annual appropriation D 0 0 2,000,000 2,000,000 ---
Mandatory appropriation M 0 0 8,000,000 8,000,000 ---
Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 4,357,550 4,357,550 4,357,550 0 0.00%
68

(d) Education finance incentive grants (section 1125A)

Annual appropriation D 0 0 2,000,000 2,000,000 ---
Mandatory appropriation M 0 0 8,000,000 8,000,000 ---
Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 4,357,550 4,357,550 4,357,550 0 0.00%

Subtotal, Grants to LEAs 16,536,802 16,536,802 36,536,802 20,000,000 120.94%

Discretionary D 16,536,802 16,536,802 20,536,802 4,000,000 24.19%
Mandatory M 0 0 16,000,000 16,000,000 ---
Current 5,695,625 5,695,625 25,695,625 20,000,000 351.15%
Advance for succeeding fiscal year 10,841,177 10,841,177 10,841,177 0 0.00%
NOTES:
1) D = discretionary program; M = mandatory programs
2) Pursuant to the Budget Control Act of 2011 (P.L. 112-25), for most mandatory programs, with the exception of Pell Grants, Credit Liquidating, and Credit Reestimates the levels shown in the 2021 Appropriation
column reflect the 5.7 percent reduction that went into effect on October 1, 2020; the levels shown in the 2022 Annualized CR column reflect the 5.7 percent reduction that went into effect on October 1, 2021.
3) Detail may not add to totals due to rounding.
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Education for the Disadvantaged (continued)

2. Comprehensive literacy development grants (ESEA II-B-2, section 2222) D 192,000 192,000 192,000 0 0.00%
3. Innovative approaches to literacy (ESEA II-B-2, section 2226) D 28,000 28,000 28,000 0 0.00%

4. State agency programs:

(a) Migrant (ESEA I-C) D 375,626 375,626 375,626 0 0.00%
(b) Neglected, delinquent and at-risk children and youth (ESEA I-D) D 48,239 48,239 82,000 33,761 69.99%

Subtotal, State agency programs 423,865 423,865 457,626 33,761 7.97%

5. Special programs for migrant students (HEA IV-A-5) D 46,123 46,123 66,123 20,000 43.36%

Total, Appropriation 17,226,790 17,226,790 37,280,551 20,053,761 116.41%

Discretionary D 17,226,790 17,226,790 21,280,551 4,053,761 23.53%
Mandatory M 0 0 16,000,000 16,000,000 ---
69

Current 6,385,613 6,385,613 26,439,374 20,053,761 314.05%

Prior year's advance 10,841,177 10,841,177 10,841,177 0 0.00%

Impact Aid (ESEA VII)

1. Payments for federally connected children (section 7003):

(a) Basic support payments (section 7003(b)) D 1,354,242 1,354,242 1,394,242 40,000 2.95%
(b) Payments for children with disabilities (section 7003(d)) D 48,316 48,316 48,316 0 0.00%

Subtotal 1,402,558 1,402,558 1,442,558 40,000 2.85%

2. Facilities maintenance (section 7008) D 4,835 4,835 4,835 0 0.00%

3. Construction (section 7007) D 17,406 17,406 17,406 0 0.00%
4. Payments for Federal property (section 7002) D 76,313 76,313 76,313 0 0.00%

Total D 1,501,112 1,501,112 1,541,112 40,000 2.66%

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

School Improvement Programs

1. Supporting effective instruction State grants (ESEA II-A)

Annual appropriation D 461,639 461,639 467,139 5,500 1.19%
Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 1,681,441 1,681,441 1,681,441 0 0.00%

Subtotal D 2,143,080 2,143,080 2,148,580 5,500 0.26%

2. 21st century community learning centers (ESEA IV-B) D 1,259,673 1,259,673 1,309,673 50,000 3.97%
3. State assessments (ESEA I-B, section 1201-1203) D 378,000 378,000 378,000 0 0.00%
4. Education for homeless children and youths (MVHAA Title VII-B) D 106,500 106,500 110,000 3,500 3.29%
5. Native Hawaiian education (ESEA VI-B) D 37,397 37,397 37,397 0 0.00%
6. Alaska Native education (ESEA VI-C) D 36,453 36,453 36,453 0 0.00%
7. Training and advisory services (CRA IV) D 6,575 6,575 6,575 0 0.00%
8. Rural education (ESEA V-B) D 187,840 187,840 202,840 15,000 7.99%
9. Supplemental education grants (Compact of Free Association Act) D 16,699 16,699 24,464 7,765 46.50%
70

10. Comprehensive centers (ETAA section 203) D 52,000 52,000 52,000 0 0.00%
11. Student support and academic enrichment grants (ESEA IV-A) D 1,220,000 1,220,000 1,220,000 0 0.00%
12. School-Based Health Professionals (proposed legislation) D 0 0 1,000,000 1,000,000 ---

Total, Appropriation D 5,444,217 5,444,217 6,525,982 1,081,765 19.87%

Total, Budget authority D 5,444,217 5,444,217 6,525,982 1,081,765 19.87%
Current 3,762,776 3,762,776 4,844,541 1,081,765 28.75%
Prior year's advance 1,681,441 1,681,441 1,681,441 0 0.00%

Safe Schools and Citizenship Education

1. School safety national activities (ESEA IV-F-3, section 4631) D 106,000 106,000 129,000 23,000 21.70%
2. Promise neighborhoods (ESEA IV-F-2, section 4624) D 81,000 81,000 96,000 15,000 18.52%
3. Full-service community schools (ESEA IV-F-2, section 4625) D 30,000 30,000 468,000 438,000 1460.00%

Total D 217,000 217,000 693,000 476,000 219.35%

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Indian Education (ESEA VI)

1. Grants to local educational agencies (Part A-1) D 105,381 105,381 110,381 5,000 4.74%
2. Special programs for Indian children (Part A-2) D 67,993 67,993 67,993 0 0.00%
3. National activities (Part A-3) D 7,865 7,865 7,865 0 0.00%

Total D 181,239 181,239 186,239 5,000 2.76%

Innovation and Improvement

1. Education innovation and research (ESEA IV-F-1) D 194,000 194,000 514,000 320,000 164.95%
2. Teacher and school leader incentive grants (ESEA II-B-1) D 200,000 200,000 150,000 (50,000) -25.00%
3. American history and civics education (ESEA II-B-3) D 5,250 5,250 10,500 5,250 100.00%
4. Supporting effective educator development (SEED) (ESEA II-B-4, section 2242) D 80,000 80,000 80,000 0 0.00%
5. Charter schools grants (ESEA IV-C) D 440,000 440,000 440,000 0 0.00%
6. Magnet schools assistance (ESEA IV-D) D 109,000 109,000 149,000 40,000 36.70%
7. Ready to learn programming (ESEA IV-F-4, section 4643) D 29,500 29,500 29,500 0 0.00%
71

8. Arts in education (ESEA IV-F-4, section 4642) D 30,500 30,500 30,500 0 0.00%
9. Javits gifted and talented education (ESEA IV-F-4, section 4644) D 13,500 13,500 13,500 0 0.00%
10. Statewide family engagement centers (ESEA IV-E) D 12,500 12,500 15,000 2,500 20.00%
11. School Leader Recruitment and Support (ESEA II-B-4, section 2243) D 0 0 40,000 40,000 ---
12. Fostering Diverse Schools (proposed legislation) D 0 0 100,000 100,000 ---

Total D 1,114,250 1,114,250 1,572,000 457,750 41.08%

English Language Acquisition (ESEA III-A) D 797,400 797,400 1,075,000 277,600 34.81%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Special Education

1. State grants:
(a) Grants to States (IDEA B-611)
Annual appropriation D 3,654,074 3,654,074 6,975,810 3,321,736 90.91%
Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 9,283,383 9,283,383 9,283,383 0 0.00%

Subtotal 12,937,457 12,937,457 16,259,193 3,321,736 25.68%

(b) Preschool grants (IDEA B-619) D 397,620 397,620 502,620 105,000 26.41%
(c) Grants for infants and families (IDEA C) D 481,850 481,850 932,000 450,150 93.42%

Subtotal, State grants 13,816,927 13,816,927 17,693,813 3,876,886 28.06%

2. National activities (IDEA D):

(a) State personnel development (subpart 1) D 38,630 38,630 38,630 0 0.00%
(b) Technical assistance and dissemination (section 663) D 44,345 44,345 49,345 5,000 11.28%
72

(c) Personnel preparation (section 662) D 90,200 90,200 250,000 159,800 177.16%
(d) Parent information centers (sections 671-673) D 27,411 27,411 45,152 17,741 64.72%
(e) Educational technology, media, and materials (section 674) D 29,547 29,547 29,547 0 0.00%

Subtotal, National activities D 230,133 230,133 412,674 182,541 79.32%

3. Special Olympics education programs (Special Olympics Sport and Empowerment Act) D 23,683 23,683 23,683 0 0.00%

Total, Appropriation 14,070,743 14,070,743 18,130,170 4,059,427 28.85%

Current 4,787,360 4,787,360 8,846,787 4,059,427 84.79%
Prior year's advance 9,283,383 9,283,383 9,283,383 0 0.00%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Rehabilitation Services

1. Vocational rehabilitation State grants:

(a) Grants to States (RA Title I-A, sections 110 and 111) M 3,414,895 3,455,539 3,671,483 215,944 6.25%
(b) Grants to Indians (RA Title I-C) M 50,650 51,592 53,091 1,499 2.91%

Subtotal M 3,465,545 3,507,131 3,724,574 217,443 6.20%

Mandatory baseline M 3,675,021 3,719,121 3,949,707 230,586 6.20%

2. Client assistance State grants (RA section 112) D 13,000 13,000 13,000 0 0.00%
3. Training (RA section 302) D 29,388 29,388 29,388 0 0.00%
4. Demonstration and training programs (RA section 303) D 5,796 5,796 40,796 35,000 603.86%
5. Protection and advocacy of individual rights (RA section 509) D 18,150 18,150 18,150 0 0.00%
6. Supported employment State grants (RA VI) D 22,548 22,548 22,548 0 0.00%
7. Independent living services for older blind individuals (RA VII, Chapter 2) D 33,317 33,317 33,317 0 0.00%
8. Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults (HKNCA) D 17,000 17,000 18,500 1,500 8.82%
73

9. Randolph-Sheppard Vending Facility Program D 0 0 500 500 ---

Subtotal 139,199 139,199 176,199 37,000 26.58%

Total 3,604,744 3,646,330 3,900,773 254,443 6.98%

Discretionary D 139,199 139,199 176,199 37,000 26.58%
Mandatory M 3,465,545 3,507,131 3,724,574 217,443 6.20%

American Printing House for the Blind (20 U.S.C. 101 et seq.) D 34,431 34,431 37,431 3,000 8.71%

National Technical Institute for the Deaf (EDA I-B and section 207) D 81,500 81,500 84,500 3,000 3.68%

Gallaudet University (EDA I-A and section 207) D 140,361 140,361 143,361 3,000 2.14%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Career, Technical, and Adult Education

1. Career and technical education (Carl D. Perkins CTEA):

(a) State grants (Title I)
Annual appropriation D 543,848 543,848 563,848 20,000 3.68%
Advance for succeeding fiscal year D 791,000 791,000 791,000 0 0.00%

Subtotal 1,334,848 1,334,848 1,354,848 20,000 1.50%

(b) National programs (section 114) D 7,421 7,421 215,421 208,000 2802.86%

Subtotal, Career and technical education 1,342,269 1,342,269 1,570,269 228,000 16.99%

2. Adult education:
(a) Adult basic and literacy education State grants (AEFLA) D 674,955 674,955 700,000 25,045 3.71%
(b) National leadership activities (AEFLA section 242) D 13,712 13,712 38,712 25,000 182.32%
74

Subtotal, Adult education 688,667 688,667 738,712 50,045 7.27%

Total, Appropriation 2,030,936 2,030,936 2,308,981 278,045 13.69%

Current 1,239,936 1,239,936 1,517,981 278,045 22.42%
Prior year's advance 791,000 791,000 791,000 0 0.00%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Student Financial Assistance

1. Federal Pell grants (HEA IV-A-1):

(a) Discretionary Pell grants D 22,475,352 22,475,352 24,275,352 1,800,000 8.01%
(b) Mandatory Pell grants M 5,167,582 5,096,000 11,960,000 6,864,000 134.69%
(c) Mandatory Funding for Discretionary Program Costs M 1,142,000 1,142,000 1,029,000 (113,000) -9.89%

Subtotal, Federal Pell grants 28,784,934 28,713,352 37,264,352 8,551,000 29.78%

Discretionary D 22,475,352 22,475,352 24,275,352 1,800,000 8.01%
Mandatory M 6,309,582 6,238,000 12,989,000 6,751,000 108.22%

2. Campus-based programs:
(a) Federal supplemental educational opportunity grants (HEA IV-A-3) D 880,000 880,000 880,000 0 0.00%
(b) Federal work-study (HEA IV-C) D 1,190,000 1,190,000 1,190,000 0 0.00%

Subtotal, Campus-based programs 2,070,000 2,070,000 2,070,000 0 0.00%

75

3. Iraq and Afghanistan service grants (P.L. 111-39) M 589 692 743 51 7.37%

Total 30,855,523 30,784,044 39,335,095 8,551,051 27.78%

Discretionary D 24,545,352 24,545,352 26,345,352 1,800,000 7.33%
Mandatory M 6,310,171 6,238,692 12,989,743 6,751,051 108.21%

TEACH Grants (HEA IV-A-9)

1. New loan subsidy M 27,285 34,980 39,114 4,134 11.82%

2. Upward reestimate of existing loans M 78,281 69,344 0 (69,344) -100.00%
3. Downward reestimate of existing loans (non-add) M (3,225) (3,590) 0 3,590 -100.00%
4. Net reestimate of existing loans (non-add) M 75,056 65,754 0 (65,754) -100.00%
5. Upward modification of existing loans M 46,870 3,722 0 (3,722) -100.00%
6. Downward modification of existing loans M 0 (1,843) 0 1,843 -100.00%
7. Net modification of existing loans (non-add) M 46,870 1,879 0 (1,879) -100.00%

Subtotal, loan subsidies 152,436 108,046 39,114 (68,932) -63.80%

Subtotal, new loan subsidies and net reestimate (non-add) 149,211 102,613 39,114 (63,499) -61.88%

Total M 152,436 108,046 39,114 (68,932) -63.80%

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Federal Direct Student Loans Program Account (HEA IV-D)

1. New loan subsidies M 5,196,638 9,414,992 15,313,681 5,898,689 62.65%

2. New net loan subsidy (non-add) M 413,686 6,042,991 12,733,042 6,690,051 110.71%
3. Upward reestimate of existing loans M 53,674,813 26,706,610 0 (26,706,610) -100.00%
4. Downward reestimate of existing loans (non-add) M (838,915) (13,701,756) 0 13,701,756 -100.00%
5. Net reestimate of existing loans (non-add) M 52,835,898 13,004,854 0 (13,004,854) -100.00%
6. Upward modification of existing loans M 70,861,525 12,319,087 0 (12,319,087) -100.00%
7. Net modification of existing loans (non-add) M 70,861,525 2,221,570 0 (2,221,570) -100.00%
1
8. Temporary Expanded Public Service Loan Forgiveness D 50,000 50,000 0 (50,000) -100.00%
Subtotal, loan subsidies 129,732,976 48,440,689 15,313,621 (33,127,068) -68.39%
Subtotal, new loan subsidies and net reestimate/modification (non-add) 128,894,061 24,641,416 8,628,771 (16,012,645) -64.98%

Total 129,782,976 48,490,689 15,313,681 (33,177,008) -68.42%

Discretionary1 D 50,000 50,000 0 (50,000) -100.00%
Mandatory M 129,682,976 48,390,689 15,313,621 (33,077,068) -68.35%
1
These amounts support the temporary expansion of the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (TEPSLF) program and are treated as a change in mandatory program (CHIMP) for budget scoring purposes.
76

Federal Family Education Loans Program Account (HEA IV-B)

1. Upward reestimate of existing loans M 3,780,632 9,797,237 0 (9,797,237) -100.00%

2. Downward reestimate of existing loans (non-add) M (588,521) 0 0 0 ---
3. Net reestimate of existing loans (non-add) M 3,192,111 9,797,237 0 (9,797,237) -100.00%
4. Upward modification of existing loans M 6,112,293 2,703,306 0 (2,703,306) -100.00%
5. Downward modification of existing loans (non-add) M 0 (545,899) 0 545,899 -100.00%
6. Net modification of existing loans (non-add) M 6,112,293 2,157,407 0 (2,157,407) -100.00%

Total, FFEL Program Account M 9,892,925 12,500,543 0 (12,500,543) -100.00%

Total, new loan subsidies and net reestimate (non-add) 9,304,404 11,954,644 0 (11,954,644) -100.00%

Federal Family Education Loans Liquidating Account (HEA IV-B)

1. Pre-1992 student loans M (73,374) (142,991) (212,722) (69,731) 48.77%

Health Education Assistance Loans Liquidating Account M (2,000) (2,000) (2,000) 0 0.00%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Higher Education

1. Aid for institutional development:

(a) Strengthening institutions (HEA III-A, section 311) D 109,007 109,007 209,007 100,000 91.74%

(b) Strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities (HEA III-A, section 316) D 38,080 38,080 53,080 15,000 39.39%
(c) Mandatory strengthening tribally controlled colleges and universities
(HEA III-F, section 371) M 28,290 28,290 30,000 1,710 6.04%

Subtotal 66,370 66,370 83,080 16,710 25.18%

(d) Strengthening Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions (HEA III-A,
section 317) D 19,044 19,044 25,044 6,000 31.51%
(e) Mandatory strengthening Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving
institutions (HEA III-F, section 371) M 14,145 14,145 15,000 855 6.04%
77

Subtotal 33,189 33,189 40,044 6,855 20.65%

(f) Strengthening HBCUs (HEA III-B, section 323) D 337,619 337,619 402,619 65,000 19.25%
(g) Mandatory strengthening HBCUs (HEA III-F, section 371) M 80,155 80,155 85,000 4,845 6.04%

Subtotal 417,774 417,774 487,619 69,845 16.72%

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Higher Education (continued)

(h) Strengthening historically Black graduate institutions (HEA III-B, section 326) D 87,313 87,313 102,313 15,000 17.18%
(i) Strengthening HBCU masters program (HEA Title VII, section 723) D 10,956 10,956 20,956 10,000 91.27%
(j) Strengthening predominantly Black institutions (HEA III-A, section 318) D 14,218 14,218 23,218 9,000 63.30%
(k) Mandatory strengthening predominantly Black institutions (HEA III-F, section 371) M 14,145 14,145 15,000 855 6.04%

Subtotal 28,363 28,363 38,218 9,855 34.75%

(l) Strengthening Asian American- and Native American Pacific Islander-serving

institutions (HEA III-A, section 320) D 5,120 5,120 20,120 15,000 292.97%
(m) Mandatory strengthening Asian American- and Native American Pacific
Islander-serving institutions (HEA III-F, section 371) M 4,715 4,715 5,000 285 6.04%

Subtotal 9,835 9,835 25,120 15,285 155.41%

78

(n) Strengthening Native American-serving nontribal institutions (HEA III-A, section 319) D 5,120 5,120 12,120 7,000 136.72%
(o) Mandatory strengthening Native American-serving nontribal institutions (HEA III-F, section 371) M 4,715 4,715 5,000 285 6.04%

Subtotal 9,835 9,835 17,120 7,285 74.07%

(p) Minority science and engineering improvement (HEA III-E-1) D 13,370 13,370 18,370 5,000 37.40%

Subtotal, Aid for institutional development 786,012 786,012 1,041,847 255,835 32.55%
Discretionary D 639,847 639,847 886,847 247,000 38.60%
Mandatory M 146,165 146,165 155,000 8,835 6.04%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Higher Education (continued)

2. Aid for Hispanic-serving institutions:

(a) Developing Hispanic-serving institutions (HEA V-A) D 148,732 148,732 236,732 88,000 59.17%
(b) Mandatory developing HSI STEM and articulation programs (HEA III-F, section 371(b)(2)(B)) M 94,300 94,300 100,000 5,700 6.04%
(c) Promoting postbaccalaureate opportunities for Hispanic Americans (HEA V, section 512) D 13,845 13,845 28,845 15,000 108.34%

Subtotal 256,877 256,877 365,577 108,700 42.32%

Discretionary 162,577 162,577 265,577 103,000 63.35%
Mandatory 94,300 94,300 100,000 5,700 6.04%

3. Other aid for institutions:

(a) International education and foreign language studies:
(1) Domestic programs (HEA VI-A and B) D 69,353 69,353 69,353 0 0.00%
(2) Overseas programs (MECEA section 102(b)(6)) D 8,811 8,811 8,811 0 0.00%
79

Subtotal 78,164 78,164 78,164 0 0.00%

(c) Model transition programs for students with intellectual disabilities into
higher education (HEA VII-D-2) D 13,800 13,800 15,180 1,380 10.00%
(d) Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions (CTEA section 117) D 10,634 10,634 10,634 0 0.00%

4. Assistance for students:

(a) Federal TRIO programs (HEA IV-A-2, Chapter 1) D 1,097,000 1,097,000 1,297,761 200,761 18.30%
(b) Gaining early awareness and readiness for undergraduate programs
(GEAR UP) (HEA IV-A-2, Chapter 2) D 368,000 368,000 408,000 40,000 10.87%
(c) Graduate assistance in areas of national need (HEA VII-A-2) D 23,547 23,547 23,547 0 0.00%
(d) Child care access means parents in school (HEA IV-A-7) D 55,000 55,000 95,000 40,000 72.73%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Higher Education (continued)

5. Fund for the improvement of post secondary education (FIPSE) (HEA VII-B) D 41,000 41,000 560,000 519,000 1265.85%
6. Teacher quality partnership (HEA II-A) D 52,092 52,092 132,092 80,000 153.57%
7. Hawkins Centers of Excellence (HEA II-B-2) D 0 0 20,000 20,000 ---

Total 2,782,126 2,782,126 4,047,802 1,265,676 45.49%

Discretionary D 2,541,661 2,541,661 3,792,802 1,251,141 49.23%
Mandatory M 240,465 240,465 255,000 14,535 6.04%

Howard University

1. General support (20 U.S.C. 121 et seq.) D 216,693 216,693 226,693 10,000 4.61%
2. Howard University Hospital (20 U.S.C. 128) D 34,325 34,325 84,325 50,000 145.67%

Total D 251,018 251,018 311,018 60,000 23.90%

80

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Program Account (HEA section 121)

1. Federal administration (FCRA section 505(e)) D 435 435 298 (137) -31.49%
2. Reestimate of existing loan subsidies M 145 0 0 0 ---

Total 580 435 298 (137) -31.49%

Discretionary D 435 435 298 (137) -31.49%
Mandatory M 145 0 0 0 ---

College Housing and Academic Facilities Loans Liquidating Account (HEA section 121) M (3,015) (3,015) (3,015) 0 0.00%
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Historically Black College and University Capital Financing Program Account (HEA III-D)

1. Federal administration (FCRA section 505(e)) D 334 334 528 194 58.08%
2. Loan subsidies D 22,150 22,150 20,150 (2,000) -9.03%
3. Modification of existing loan subsidies--Public and Private Deferments D 26,000 26,000 0 (26,000) -100.00%
4. Modification of existing loan subsidies--Loan Forgiveness M 1,695,000 0 0 0 ---
5. Reestimate of existing loan subsidies M 17,914 283,436 0 (283,436) -100.00%

Total 1,761,398 331,920 20,678 (311,242) -93.77%

Discretionary D 48,484 48,484 20,678 (27,806) -57.35%
Mandatory M 1,712,914 283,436 0 (283,436) -100.00%

Higher Education Facilities Loans Liquidating Account (HEA section 121) M (585) (585) (585) 0 0.00%

College Housing Loans Liquidating Account (HEA section 121) M (1,760) (1,760) (1,760) 0 0.00%
81

Institute of Education Sciences

1. Research and statistics:

(a) Research, development, and dissemination (ESRA I-A, B and D, except section 174) D 197,877 197,877 197,877 0 0.00%
(b) Statistics (ESRA I-C) D 111,500 111,500 111,500 0 0.00%

2. Regional educational laboratories (ESRA section 174) D 57,022 57,022 57,022 0 0.00%

3. Assessment (NAEPAA):
(a) National assessment (section 303) D 165,000 165,000 185,000 20,000 12.12%
(b) National Assessment Governing Board (section 302) D 7,745 7,745 7,799 54 0.70%

Subtotal 172,745 172,745 192,799 20,054 11.61%

4. Research in special education (ESRA, Part E) D 58,500 58,500 58,500 0 0.00%

5. Statewide longitudinal data systems (ETAA section 208) D 33,500 33,500 33,500 0 0.00%
6. Special education studies and evaluations (IDEA, section 664) D 11,318 11,318 11,318 0 0.00%

Total D 642,462 642,462 662,516 20,054 3.12%

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FISCAL YEAR 2023 PRESIDENT'S BUDGET REQUEST
(in thousands of dollars)
2023 President's Budget
Compared to 2022
Cat 2023 President's Annualized CR
Code 2021 Appropriation 2022 Annualized CR Budget Amount Percent

Program Administration (DEOA)

1. Salaries and expenses D 430,000 430,000 530,500 100,500 23.37%

2. Building Modernization D 0 0 17,500 17,500 ---

Total 430,000 430,000 548,000 118,000 27.44%

Student Aid Administration (HEA I-D and IV-D, section 458)

1. Salaries and expenses D 981,954 980,297 1,187,788 207,491 21.17%

2. Servicing activities D 871,989 873,646 1,466,246 592,600 67.83%

Total 1,853,943 1,853,943 2,654,034 800,091 43.16%

Office for Civil Rights (DEOA, section 203) D 131,000 131,000 161,300 30,300 23.13%
82

Office of Inspector General (DEOA, section 211) D 63,000 63,000 76,452 13,452 21.35%

Contributions (DEOA, section 421) M 0 0 0 0 ---

General Fund Receipts

1. Perkins loan repayments M (866,025) (771,056) (638,397) 132,659 -17.20%

2. FDSL downward reestimate of loan subsidies M (838,915) (13,701,756) 0 13,701,756 -100.00%
3. FFEL downward reestimate of loan subsidies M (588,521) 0 0 0 ---
4. FDSL downward modification/negative loan subsidies M (3,970,428) (13,743,814) (3,779,363) 9,964,451 -72.50%
5. HBCU capital financing downward reestimate of loan subsidies M (206,773) (288,505) 0 288,505 -100.00%
6. FFEL downward modification/negative loan subsidies M 0 (545,899) 0 545,899 -100.00%
7. HEAL downward reestimate of loan subsidies M (25,368) (54,232) 0 54,232 -100.00%
8. TEACH downward reestimate of loan subsidies M (3,225) (3,590) 0 3,590 -100.00%
9. TEACH downward modification/negative loan subsidies M 0 (1,843) 0 1,843 -100.00%
10. CHAFL downward reestimate of loan subsidies M 0 (2,385) 0 2,385 -100.00%

Total (6,499,255) (29,108,852) (4,417,760) 24,691,092 -84.82%

1. Student Financial Assistance debt collection M 4,000 10,000 10,000 0 0.00%

DISCRETIONARY APPROPRIATION D 73,536,533 73,536,533 88,326,976 14,790,443 20.11%

DISCRETIONARY APPROPRIATION, less rescissions D 73,036,533 73,536,533 88,326,976 14,790,443 20.11%
The Department of Education’s mission is to promote student achievement
and preparation for global competitiveness by
fostering educational excellence and ensuring equal access.

www.ed.gov