I.

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
A. Understand the importance of studying various educational philosophies.
B. Explain the key concepts and characteristics of Perennialism, Essentialism, Existentialism, and
Progressivism.
C. Analyzed the historical development and key figures associated with various educational philosophies.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Philosophies of Education
Materials: Power-point, Projector, Laptop, Manila paper, Blackboard, Chalk
Reference/s: Wikipedia: Philosophy of Education, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
III. Procedure
A. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY

Teachers Activity Students Activity

A.1 Prayer
“Everybody please stand-up, let us pray…Amen” (One Student will lead the prayer)

A.2 Greetings
“Hello! good morning class!” “Hi! Good morning sir!”

A.3 Classroom Management

“Before you sit down, please pick up those pieces of (Students pick up the pieces of paper)
Paper under your chair!”
“Those guys at the back you may fill in the vacant
Chair…you can compress so you can hear me clearly

A.4 Checking of Attendance

“Who would you like to check the attendance?”
“Who is absent today?” “Sir, all are present today…No absentees!”

A.5 Review of the past lesson

“How was your weekend?” “It was fun sir!”
“That’s good! Have you enjoyed bonding with your “Yes sir, we did enjoy a lot”
Family?”
“With all those things that you did last weekend, who
Still remembers the topic that we’ve discussed last
Meeting?”
“Yes, Antonnette!” “The four Pillars of Philosophy”
“That is correct!”

“And who can give me the first of those 4 pillars?”

“Yes, Allyza!” “Theoretical Philosophy Sir!”

“There are 3 more, give me one Jonna! Very Good!” “Practical Philosophy”

“What else Benjie?! Correct!” “Logic Sir!”

“And last one Jessa? That is correct!” “The history of Philosophy Sir!”

B. MOTIVATION
Let the students read the question and ask their opinion about it.

Why do you think the Philosophy is so important in

Education for teachers and students?
“Anybody? Yes Benjie!” “For teachers, it can provide guidance in carrying
“That’s correct!” out their roles and obligations as educators.”

“What about for students Myka? “For students, it improves the ability to think clearly
“Absolutely, that’s correct!” carefully and logically”

“Thank you for all your interesting answer!”

C. ACTIVITIES
Group the whole class into two. Ask the students to arrange the jumbled letters to form the correct word
related to the topic. Each group must have 3 words to answer. Insert or write the answer before the
sentence of the given definition on the board.
G FUCONSIUC 1. A Chinese Philosopher and the first Teacher in China who is known
for
the Golden Rule. “Do not do unto others what you would not
want others
do unto you.”

HNJO DYEWE 2. He was an American Philosopher and a Psychologist and best

known for
as the Father of Progressive Education.

LISMETIAESSNS 3. It refers to Basic Education.

VISMSSIGREORP 4. This Philosophy is best known for Learning by Doing.

LISMSIXETENAIT 5. This Philosophy’s point of view is having individual’s choice.

NERELISMNIAP 6. According to this philosophy the focus of education should be

the
ideas that have lasted over centuries.

D. ABSTRACTION
Show them on the board the prepared IM’s or the Visual Aids.

PERENNIALISM
“Perennial” – Everlasting
 Focuses on the enduring ideas and timeless truths
found in the literature, history, philosophy
and religion.
 The curriculum is based around the study of the
great works or the great books like the Bible, the
Confucius or the Analects of Confucius.
 “Why change it if it ain’t broke”
 Teacher-centered and Subject-centered
Educational Philosophy.

ESSENTIALISM
“Essence” – What is only important.
What is the important?
“Anybody what does 3R’s mean?” “Reading, wRiting, and aRithmetic Sir!”
 Includes traditional disciplines or the basics such
as: Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic (3R’s)
 Accept that there can be changes in knowledge
 Teacher-centered and Subject-centered
educational philosophy.
 Merits: It will be easier for the teacher to perform
 Demerits: This is not a student-centered approach.

EXISTENTIALISM
“Exist – Wants
 Focuses on the individuality, freedom, and
personal choices in education.
 “With great power comes with great
responsibility.”
 Humans define their own meaning in life and try
to make rational decisions despite existing in an
irrational universe.
 Student-centered Educational Philosophy

PROGRESSIVISM
Needs and Interests of the students.
 The modern way of teaching
 Emphasizes experiential learning and active
participation in the learning process.
 Hands-on Minds-on
 “Any idea what is hands-on Minds-on?” “It refers to active learning Sir!”
“That is correct!”
 Strike while the iron is hot.
 Student-centered Educational Philosophy.

E. GENERALIZATION

“So, what have you learned from our topic today?” “About different philosophies of education.”
“Yes, Very good! What else?”
“The good and the bad thing about the basic and the
“That is right! modern way of teaching.”

IV. Evaluation
Read each of the following statements about the nature of education.
Write “P” before the sentence for Perennialism, “E” for Essentialism, “EX” for Existentialism, and “PRO” for
Progressivism

_____ 1. The curriculum of the schools should be subject-centered. Student learning should be centered
around basic subjects such as reading, writing, history, and science.
_____ 2. The curriculum of the schools should focus on the great thinkers of the past.
_____ 3. Many students learn best by engaging in real-world activities rather than reading.
_____ 4. The students should be permitted to determine their own curriculum.
_____ 5. Students should not be promoted from one grade to the next until they have read and mastered
certain key material.
_____ 6. The curriculum of a school should be built around the personal experiences and needs of the
Students.
_____ 7. A student appears to be more interested in a topic outside your planned lesson for that day. You set aside
Your lesson plan and grasp the opportunity to discuss the topic of a particular interest to your student.
Strike while the iron is hot. Which philosophy governs for your action?
_____ 8. What philosophy of education is taught by Sarte when he said, “Man is nothing else but what he makes of
Himself.
_____ 9. If teacher Fin Gear sees honestly as timeless virtue for yesterday, today, and tomorrow. What principle
does she value.
_____ 10. Students should be active participants in the learning process.

V. Assignment
Kindly search for important people in Behaviorism and their contributions.