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3.2 AE Unit-3 Types of Steering Systems

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29 views21 pages

3.2 AE Unit-3 Types of Steering Systems

Uploaded by

Ajay Teja Denduluri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course: Automobile Engineering

UNIT-III
STEERING SYSTEM
Lecture # 3.2
Topic : steering linkages, steering gears – types.

Y.Phaneendra
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology(A).

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Contents :

1. Pitman-arm and rack and pinion steering


gear.
2.Different types of steering gears and their
functions.

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Outcomes of the topic :

1.The student can understand the Different


types of steering gears and their functions.

2.Working of Pitman-arm and rack and pinion


steering gear.

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Steering gears – types
Function of steering Gear:
➢ The rotary motion of the steering wheel is converted into
straight line motion of the linkage by the steering gears.
The gear which is used for steering arrangement is worm gear.

Types of Steering gears


1. The pitman-arm type and
2. The Rack- and-Pinion type.

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Types of steering Gearbox
1. Worm and Roller / worm and worm wheel
2. Worm and Sector
3. Cam and Roller
7. Recirculating Ball
4. Cam and Peg
8. Worm and Ball
5. Cam and Turn lever
9. Rack and Pinion
6. Screw and nut

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1. Worm and Roller

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1. Worm and Roller

➢ Worm and roller gear have two-toothed roller which are


fastened to the cross shaft called as roller shaft or sector shaft.
➢ The threads of the worm gear are meshed with roller shaft at
the end of the steering tube.
➢ When the worm shaft is turned by the steering tube, the roller
will also be moved in an arc for rotating the roller shaft.
➢ The bearings are designed to resist both radial and end thrust.
➢ This system is used in Ford cars and American passenger cars.

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2. Worm and Sector

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2. Worm and Sector

Worm and Sector Type –


Worm and sector are based on the principle of transmitting the
motion from the steering tube to the Pitman arm.
➢ The worm is attached with the inner column of the bearing block.

➢ The box is connected to the level of the plug with normal gear oil
for lubrication of the steering gear.

➢ The worm at the end of the steering shaft meshes with a sector
mounted on a sector shaft.

➢ When the steering wheel is rotates, then the worm will rotates.

➢ Then the sector will also be rotating the section shaft. So, the
motion is transmitted to the wheel through the linkage.
Our ultimate aim is to transmit the power from steering linkage to wheel
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3. Cam and Roller

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3. Cam and Roller
Construction
➢ The cam and roller steering boxes are very efficient.
➢ The cam is carried by the steering shaft connected with rollers.
➢ The drop arm spindle carries the “ V “ shaped roller.
➢ This spindle is carried by ball bearings in the casing.
➢ The meshing member contains the spiral grooves. The Centre position of
the pin supports the roller.
Working
➢ By moving the steering wheel and steering shaft, the cam is rotated.
➢ Due to this rotation, the roller is constrained to follow the helix of the groove.
➢ When the cam rotates, the roller is followed the cam and made the rocker
shaft to rotate.
➢ The contour of the cam is properly designed to match with our aim.
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4. Cam and Peg

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4. Cam and Peg

➢ The steering gear has a tapered peg in the rocker arm engaged

with a special cam provided on the inner column.

➢ The peg is moved along the groove for rotating the rocker shaft by

rotating the cam.

➢ An adjusting screw on the side cover is connected for governing the

backlash and end float of the rocker shaft.

➢ The rocker arm is rotated with high efficiency cam and peg gear

rotates by a peg in the bearings.

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5. CAM AND LEVER STEERING GEAR :

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5. CAM AND LEVER STEERING GEAR :
➢ A helical groove is formed at the bottom end of the steering
wheel shaft.

➢ Helical groove engages the projected pin of the drop arm


spindle lever.

➢ Drop-arm is made rigid with the lever by a splined spindle.

➢ The to and fro motion is obtained at the drop-arm when the


steering wheel shaft is turned. This motion results the turning
of the stub axles.

➢ Projected pin may be in the form of a roller. Pin may be one


or two in number, accordingly they are referred as cam and
single lever or double lever steering gear mechanism
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6. Screw and Nut Gear

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6. Screw and Nut Gear
Construction
These types of steering boxes are commonly used, Screw and nut gear has a
phosphor-bronze of steel nut which is screwed on to a multi-start Acme
thread.
A single ball race provided at the top end of the rocker shaft carries the
axial thrust of the column.
Screw and Nut Gear Working
➢ A shaft connects the screw with the steering wheel.
➢ Therefore, as the screw is turned by rotating the steering wheel. The
spindle is mounted on ball bearings. The drop arm is taken by this spindle
at its outer end.
➢ The two arms of the spindle are attached to the nut by bronze pads.
These pads are placed and made to rotate in the cylindrical recesses
provided in the sides of the nut.
➢ Also these pads have parallel grooves to receive the arms of the spindle.
➢ The bronze pads cause the arms of the two armed spindles moving in
circular path.

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Summary :

➢ Different Steering gears and their usage in the field of Automobiles

➢ Pit man arm type steering gear

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1. In the steering gear, a gear sector or toothed roller is meshed with a
a) ball bearing b) roller bearing
c) worm d) steering wheel Ans : C

2. The only service that a steering linkage normally requires is


a) tie-rod adjustment b) lubrication
c) ball-joint replacement d) none of the mentioned Ans : A

3. Hard steering is a result of


a) worn out brake lining b) broken or bent steering arms or knuckles
c) too tight spherical ball joints d) insufficient lubricant Ans : A

4. The only service that a steering linkage normally requires is


a) tie-rod adjustment b) lubrication
c) ball-joint replacement d) none of the mentioned Ans : A

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All the images, videos embedded in this
presentation are collected from various
internet sources for fair usage of developing
educational content and is not used for
commercial purposes.

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