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Chapter 8: Biodiversity
8.1 Classification System and Naming of Organism
Taxonomy – a field in biology which involves the classification, identification and naming of organisms in an organized manner Taxonomic Classification System 1. Classification : Organisms categorized based on physical features 2. Identification : Organisms are identified using dichotomous keys 3. Naming : Organisms are named using binomial nomenclature system Classification of organisms - 6 main kingdoms: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia Kingdom Type of Cell Number of Cell Type of Structure of Presence of Presence of Example (-karyote) (-cellular) Nutrition Cell Wall Chlorophyll nucleus (-troph) Archaebacteria Pro Uni Auto/Hetero Present (No Absent Absent Halobacterium peptidoglycan) salinurum Eubacteria Pro Uni Auto/Hetero Present (Has Present in Absent Lactobacillus peptidoglycan) some sp. Protista Eu Uni/Multi Auto/Hetero No (protozoa) Some Present Paramecium Present (algae) (protozoa) sp. (Uni) All (algae) Fucus sp. (Multi) Fungi Eu Uni/Multi Hetero Present (Has Absent Present Saccharomyces Chitin) (Uni) Agaricus sp. (Multi) Plantae Eu Multi Auto Present (Has Present Present Bougainvillea cellulose) sp. Animalia Eu Uni/Multi Hetero Not present Absent Present Elephas maximus