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    Modals Rules Ix-X-1

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    Garvit Kumar
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    Modals Rules Ix-X-1

    Uploaded by

    Garvit Kumar
    3 views2 pages
    Rules.

    Original Title

    MODALS RULES IX-X-1

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Rules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views2 pages

    Modals Rules Ix-X-1

    Uploaded by

    Garvit Kumar
    Rules.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    RYAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL , GHAZIABAD

    CLASS- IX-X ENGLISH GRAMMAR


    MODALS
    What are modal verbs?
    Modals (also called modal verbs, modal auxiliary verbs, modal auxiliaries) are special verbs
    which behave irregularly in English. They are different from normal verbs like "work, play,
    visit..." They give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it.
    They have a great variety of communicative functions.
    Here are some characteristics of modal verbs:
     They never change their form. You can't add "s", "ed", "ing"...
     They are always followed by an infinitive without "to" (e.i. the bare infinitive.)
     They are used to indicate modality allow speakers to express certainty, possibility,
    willingness, obligation, necessity, ability
    List of modal verbs
    Here is a list of modal verbs:
    can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must
    The verbs or expressions dare, ought to, had better, and need not behave like modal auxiliaries
    to a large extent and my be added to the above list
    Use of modal verbs:
    Modal verbs are used to express functions such as:
    1. Permission
    2. Ability
    3. Obligation
    4. Prohibition
    5. Lack of necessity
    6. Advice
    7. possibility
    8. probability
    Examples of modal verbs
    Here is a list of modals with examples:
    Modal
    Expressing Example
    Verb
    You must stop when the traffic lights turn
    Strong obligation
    red.
    Must
    He must be very tired. He's been working
    logical conclusion / Certainty
    all day long.
    must not prohibition You must not smoke in the hospital.
    ability I can swim.
    Can permission Can I use your phone please?
    possibility Smoking can cause cancer.
    Could ability in the past When I was younger I could run fast.
    Excuse me, could I just say
    polite permission
    something?

    Possibility It could rain tomorrow!

    permission May I use your phone please?


    may
    possibility, probability It may rain tomorrow!

    polite permission Might I suggest an idea?


    might
    possibility, probability I might go on holiday to Australia next year.

    lack of necessity/absence of I need not buy tomatoes. There are plenty of


    need not
    obligation tomatoes in the fridge.

    I should / ought to see a doctor. I have a


    50 % obligation
    terrible headache.

    should/ought to advice You should / ought to revise your lessons

    He should / ought to be very tired. He's been


    logical conclusion
    working all day long.

    had better advice You 'd better revise your lessons

    Remember
    Modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without "to", also called the bare infinitive.
    Examples:
     You must stop when the traffic lights turn red.
     You should see to the doctor.
    MADE BY MS.
    RASHMI VERMA

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