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Dictionary and Set

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12 views5 pages

Dictionary and Set

Uploaded by

yashkshatriya108
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Dictionary & Set

Study Notes

Dictionary & Set


In
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Dictionary & Set

Dictionary
 Data type built in python language which is based on KEY:VALUE pair.
 Dictionary are indexed by keys which are indexed by keys, which can be any immutable type
 Main operations on dictionaries are storing and retrieving values from dictionaries.
 If you store using a key that is already in use, the old value associated with that key is forgotten.
 List cannot be used as key in dictionary as lists can be modified using methods like append and
extend

Fruits = {‘Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}


Fruits – dictionary name
Apple (key name) :10 (value)
Oranges (key name) :20 (value)
Banana (key name) :30 (value)

Main keywords/methods used on dictionary


 Del – deletes an element from dictionary
 In – returns whether an element exists in
 Clear – clear all elements from the dictionary
 List – returns a list of all keys in dictionary
 Copy – returns a copy of dictionary
 Sorted
 Len – returns length of dictionary
 Get – returns value of specific key
 Values – returns a list of all values in dictionary

Examples:
 Create an Empty dictionary - A pair of {} creates an empty dictionary
>>> Fruits = {}

 Create a dictionary
>>> Fruits = {„Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}

 ‘Del’ keyword in dictionary


>>> Fruits = {„Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}
>>> del Fruits['Oranges']
>>> Fruits
>>> {‘Apple’:10,’Banana’:30}

 ‘In’ keyword in dictionary


>>> Fruits = {‘Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}
Dictionary & Set
>>> ‘Apple’ in Fruits
>>> true

 ‘Not in’ keyword in dictionary


>>> Fruits = {‘Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}
>>> ‘Grapes’ not in Fruits
>>> true

 ‘List’ keyword in dictionary


>>> Fruits = {‘Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}
>>> list(Fruits)
>>> [‘Apple’,‘Oranges’,’Banana’]
 ‘Sorted’ keyword in dictionary
>>> Fruits = {‘Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}
>>> sorted(Fruits)
>>> [‘Apple’,’Banana’,‘Oranges’]
 ‘len’ keyword in dictionary
>>> Fruits = {‘Apple’:10, ‘Oranges’: 20,’Banana’: 30}
>>> len(Fruits)
>>> 3
Dictionary & Set
SETS
 A set is an unordered collection with no duplicate elements.
 Set() can be used to create sets.
 Sets support mathematical operations like union, intersection, difference and symmetric
difference.
 Set is based on “hash table”.
 A set is not immutable unlike a tuple.
 Methods like len(), discard(), pop(), clear(), remove(), add() & max() also apply on sets.

>>> a = set('abracadabra')
>>> a
{'a', 'r', 'b', 'c', 'd'}

 Union

>>> a = set('abracadabra')
>>> b = set('alacazam')
>>> a | b

{'a', 'c', 'r', 'd', 'b', 'm', 'z', 'l'}

 Difference

>>> a = set('abracadabra')
>>> b = set('alacazam')
>>> a - b
{'r', 'b', 'd'}

 Intersection

>>> a & b
{'a', 'c'}

 Remove method

sets = set([10,20,26,41,54])
print(sets.discard(20))

Output: {41,10,26,54}
Dictionary & Set
 Len method

Sets = set([10,20,26,41,54])
Print(Sets.len())

Output: 5

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