Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY

Echague, Campus

PREPARE FOR CABLE JOINTING AND INSTALLATION

(Chapter 1 Lo3)
Subscriber Line

Submitted by:
Amular, Reynalyn
Batara, Eugine
Bersamina, Joseph
Dela Cruz, Angelica
Galima, Jenie
Lorenzo, Trisha May
Viernes, Francis Angelo

PREPARE FOR CABLE JOINTING AND INSTALLATION

Objectives:
At the end of the session, students should be able to:

A. Prepare the necessary tools, materials and equipment for cable jointing and installation.
B. Identify cable preparation and installation requirements and constraints based on plan and site
inspection as per job requirements.
Materials:
PowerPoint Presentation
TV/Projector

References:
"Cable Jointing and Termination Techniques" by E. W. Warland and A. C. Palmer. Published by

Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), 2012. ISBN: 978-1849195157.Hanna, K. T. (2021,

July 13). customer premises equipment (CPE). Networking.

"Handbook of Cable Jointing: Techniques and Applications" edited by Raymond J. Forsyth.

Published by Marcel Dekker, 1995. ISBN: 978-0824793860.

"Electrician's Tools and Equipment: A Comprehensive Guide" by Malcolm Goodwin. Published by

Routledge, 2019. ISBN: 978-1138606054.

Introduction
What is Cable Jointing?
Cable jointing is an important stage in the setup and upkeep of electrical power systems. To put it simply,
linking two or more electrical cables together to create a continuous conductive channel is what it is.

For electrical lines to remain continuous over large distances, cable joints are essential. by connecting them,
allowing the transmission of electricity. These joints must fit precisely and be durable enough to withstand
various factors such as adverse weather conditions, current carrying capacity, voltage drop, and material
compatibility.

Activity
(Choose Me)

Direction: Carefully read each question and choose the best answer from the options provided. Pay close
attention to the details of each question to ensure you understand it fully before making your selection.
Consider all the options and select the one that best answers the question.

1. What is the purpose of cable jointing?

a) To increase the length of cables
b) To connect two or more cables together
c) To reduce the thickness of cables
d) To improve cable flexibility
2. Which of the following safety gear is essential during cable jointing?
 a) Earplugs
b) Safety goggles
c) Hard hat
d) Knee pads
3. Which tool is commonly used to strip the insulation from cables during jointing?
a) Hammer
b) Screwdriver
c) Cable stripping tool
d) Pliers
4. What is used to protect cable joints from moisture and environmental factors?
a) Insulation tape
b) Metal clamps
c) Rubber bands
d) Sandpaper
5. What is the purpose of conducting continuity tests on cable joints?
a) To measure the resistance of the joint
b) To ensure there are no breaks in the conductor
c) To check the voltage level of the joint
d) To estimate the temperature of the joint
6. Which of the following is NOT a common issue encountered during cable jointing?
a) Improper stripping
b) Poor insulation
c) Over-tightening connectors
d) Using too much heat shrink tubing
7. What is the recommended technique for sealing cable joints?
a) Using duct tape
b) Applying heat shrink tubing
c) Wrapping with aluminum foil
d) Using adhesive glue
8. Which test is performed to ensure the insulation resistance of cable joints?
a) Voltage drop test
b) Insulation resistance test
c) Continuity test
d) Dielectric strength test
9. What should be done before beginning a cable jointing task?
a) Wear safety gear
b) Skip the safety briefing
c) Work alone
d) Rush through the task
10. What is the purpose of using cable connectors in jointing?
a) To increase resistance
b) To decrease current flow
c) To provide a secure and reliable connection
d) To reduce voltage fluctuations

Analysis
1. Explain the importance of proper insulation and sealing in cable jointing, and provide examples of
materials used for this purpose.
2. Describe the steps involved in preparing cables for jointing, including the tools and techniques used
for stripping insulation and preparing conductors.
3. Discuss the potential risks and hazards associated with cable jointing activities, and outline the
safety measures that should be followed to mitigate these risks.

Abstraction
 There are two main types of cable jointing
Heat shrink- refers to a technique used in electrical work, particularly in cable jointing, where heat
shrink tubing is employed to provide insulation and mechanical protection to cable joints. Heat shrink
tubing is a thermoplastic material that shrinks in diameter when exposed to heat, tightly conforming to the
shape of the underlying cables or components.

Cold shrink- another method used in electrical work, particularly for cable jointing, similar to heat
shrink jointing but with a different approach to achieving insulation and mechanical protection. In cold
shrink jointing, pre-expanded rubber or silicone tubing is placed over the jointed area of cables while it is in
its expanded state.

Joining electrical power lines can be done in a more intricate way with a range of inline adapters and
connectors, or it can be done as simply as twisting and taping the wires. The voltage, cable type, joint type,
connector type, application, and other variables determine the technique that is employed for a certain
junction.

Whatever the technique, having the right equipment and supplies is essential. Several essential elements
that guarantee hygienic, secure, and dependable connections are;

● Ensuring the correct connector size is used for the specific cable.
● Correct equipment
● Neat incisions and removal of outer layers.
● Repairing the insulation, protective covering and outer layer.
● Correct method

TOOLS AND MATERIALS

Cable cutter - The cable cutter is a type of cutting pliers designed specifically for cutting cables. The two
blades are positioned alternately and have the ability to be opened and closed. The cable cutter is a pair of
big scissors created based on the "leverage principle" and the concept that pressure decreases as the area
increases.

Strippers - A wire stripper tool removes the protective coating from a wire and exposes the bare wire.
 Crimping tool - A crimping tool is a device that deforms one or both pieces of metal to hold them
together in order to join them. The outcome of the tool's operation is known as a crimp. An instance of
crimping would be attaching a connector to the tip of a cable.

Cable lugs - The cable lug is a mechanical tool used to fasten electrical wires, cables, and conductors to
an electrical box or connection point. A cable lug is employed along with crimp connectors,
compression connectors, and other types of attachment methods.

Cold shrink sleeve - Cold Shrink is a rubber tube or sleeve that can reduce in size to a fraction of its
original size. Different from heat shrink, cold shrink does not need heat to shrink in size, that's why it's
called "cold shrink."

Jointing Methods
Jointing of power cables should be easy: just twist the wires together and tape them. Multiple in-
line adapters and connectors are utilized for connecting different types of cables. The technique chosen for
connecting cables varies according to factors like voltage, cable type, joint type, connector type, application,
and other considerations. The cable should be joined using appropriate tools and equipment.

● proper size of connectors should be used for a cable,

● proper tools and equipment are to be used, cuts and stripping should be very clean,

● proper technique is to be used for cable jointing and

● restoring the insulation, outer-sheath and armour.

Western Union Splice Joint

 The cables are made to a specific length. A straight joint is utilized for small solid cables to extend
the length of a cable. The Western Union splice joint consists of overlapping two wires' ends at right angles
and then twisting each wire around the other in a spiral fashion. This establishes a safe physical link
between the wires. Soldering the joint after wrapping is common practice to maintain electrical
conductivity and protect against oxidation and corrosion.

Fixture Joint
This is a specific kind of connection point that links a slender wire (branch line) to a thick wire
(main line), like the ones utilized in lighting fixtures. refer to a specific type of joint or connector used to
secure or stabilize cables within a fixture or structure. This type of joint is typically used in electrical wiring
or cable management applications to securely attach cables to fixtures such as junction boxes, electrical
panels, or cable trays.

Knotted Tap Joint

type of electrical joint commonly used in the installation and repair of electrical wiring, particularly
in situations where a new wire needs to be connected to an existing wire without cutting or stripping the
existing wire.
Wire Nut
also known as twist-on wire connectors or wire connectors, are plastic caps with an internal metal coil or
spring. To create a wire nut joint, stripped ends of the wires to be connected are inserted into the wire nut,
and then the wire nut is twisted clockwise onto the wires.

Split Bolt Connector

The split bolt is utilized to connect large conductors. This can be used to replace the tangled tap joint and
connect three ends or a branch conductor to a continuous (main) conductor.

Straight through Joint

In a straight-through joint, the conductors of the two cables are aligned and joined together to create a
continuous electrical path. This type of joint is commonly used in situations where it is necessary to extend
the length of a cable or to repair a damaged section of a cable by splicing in a new length.

T- joints
In a T-joint, the main cable or conductor serves as the stem of the "T", while the additional cable branching
off from it forms the crossbar of the "T". The connection between the cables is typically made using
methods such as soldering, crimping, or using mechanical connectors like wire nuts or compression
fittings, depending on the specific requirements of the installation.
Terminal Joint
These types of joints link cables to switchgear, transformer terminals, or overhead lines.

Conductor Joint
The distribution lines are measured in kilometers and one coil of conductor cannot resolve the issue of
length. Therefore, it is essential to connect to the conductor.

Britannia Joint
This kind of connection can only be done with solid wires and not with stranded wires. Two conductors,
each approximately 6 inches (150 mm) in length, are positioned facing each other to be connected.

Telephone Joint (Western Union)

This connection is solely for solid wires. It is utilized for conductors that are size 8 SWG or larger. Initially,
a bend of 100 to 125 mm from the edge is made, and then the pieces are stacked on top of one another.
Sleeve Joint
It can be created using any variety of aluminum conductor. Graphite Greece is spread on top of the
conductor.

Compression Joint
This connection is utilized for cables larger than 0.06 cm2. Two different sleeves are utilized for connecting.

Application

(Fiber Optic Cable Jointing Hands-On Training Activity)

In this hands-on cable jointing activity, participants will gain practical experience in the critical process of
connecting fiber optic cables. The session will begin with a brief introduction to the importance of cable
jointing in telecommunications, followed by a live demonstration of the tools and techniques involved in
both mechanical and fusion splicing. Participants will then form small groups to practice stripping,
splicing, protecting, and testing fiber optic cables under the guidance of experienced facilitators. This
immersive experience aims to enhance technical skills, promote teamwork, and provide valuable insights
into the intricacies of fiber optic cable jointing.

The performance will be judge on the rubrics below:

Criteria Excellent Good Needs Improvement

5 4 3

Safety Compliance Strict adherence to all Adheres to most safety Inconsistent adherence
safety protocols and use protocols and uses PPE. to safety protocols.
of PPE. No safety Minor safety violations. Infrequent PPE use.
violations. Several major safety
violations.

Technical Skill Expertly performs cable Competently performs Performs cable jointing
jointing and installation cable jointing and and installation with
with precision. No installation with few many errors.
errors. errors.

Quality of Work Joints are seamless, Joints are secure and Joints are insecure or
 secure, and meet mostly seamless. messy. Installation lacks
industry standards. Installation is neat. neatness.
Installation is neat and
professional

Time Management Completes the task well Completes the task Limited collaboration
within the allotted time. within the allotted time. and