WHAT IS ANIMATION

• Animation is derived from word Animate it is a verb which means to bring to

life.
• Animation process involves creation of motion illusion through quick
displaying of a series of static pictures subtly different from each other.

• Collection of multiple frames sequences.

• Animation is a powerful tool communicating
complex ideas.
 SHORT PAST INFORMATION

• Historically and technically, the first animated film

was Humorous Phases of Funny Faces (1906), made
by J. Stuart Blackton.

• The French artist Emile Cohl created the first

animated film The legend goes that in (1907).
That’s why He is called Father of Animation.
 TYPES OF ANIMATION
1.) Traditional Animation
In Classical 2D mode, each frame is hand drawn by animators.
After a number of frames have been drawn, they are fed to plastic
cells which are subsequently hand painted. The cells are
projected against painted background to create semblance of
motion.
Mickey Mouse is the classical example. 1st 2D animated figure
created in 1908, Fantasmagories was a stick man created by
Emile Cohl. The 75 second long animation used 700 varied
images.
Rotoscoping is a method of traditional animation invented by
Max Fleischer in 1915, in which animation is "traced" over
actual film footage of actors and scenery. Traditionally, the
live-action will be printed out frame by frame and registered.
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TYPES OF ANIMATION
2.) Puppetry Animation

Puppet animation was born at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1906, the ballet
master of Saint Petersburg's Mariinsky Theater, Aleksandr Shiryaev, created the
world's first puppet animation film, with figures dancing in ballet steps against a still
background of theatrical decorations.
Puppets are used for developing puppetry animation. First puppet motion picture was
released in 1908 with title ‘The Humpty Dumpty Circus’.
Digital puppetry is the manipulation and performance of digitally animated 2D or 3D
figures and objects in a virtual environment that are rendered in real time by computers.
It is most commonly used in filmmaking and television production, but has also been
used in interactive theme park attractions and live theatre.
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TYPES OF ANIMATION
3.) Sand Animation

Sand animation is the manipulation of sand to

create animation. In performance art an artist
creates a series of images using sand, a process
which is achieved by applying sand to a
surface and then rendering images by drawing
lines and figures in the sand with one's hands.
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TYPES OF ANIMATION
4.) Zoetrope Animation

Zoetrope stands for animated toys which surfaced up in

1834 through efforts of William George Horner. A drum
is used for drawing static images and then the drum is
trundled which produces an impression of motion. Animated
GIFs of present day are inspired from Zoetrope.
A zoetrope is one of several pre-film animation devices that
produce the illusion of motion by displaying a sequence of
drawings or photographs showing progressive phases of that
motion.
 TYPES OF ANIMATION
5.) Flipbook Animation

A sequence of images drawn on

flipbook is swiftly flicked through for
giving impression of motion. This is
one of the oldest techniques but still a
really fascinating one.
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TYPES OF ANIMATION
6.) Stop Motion Animation

Stop motion animation or stop-frame animation is

a technique in which the animators physically
manipulate objects making it seem as if these
objects move on their own. In other words, it’s a
precise sequence of frames that are played back
creating an illusion of action and movement.

Stop motion animation was developed in the late

1800s by J Stuart Blackton. Blackton's The
Humpty Dumpty Circus (1898)
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TYPES OF ANIMATION
7.) Motion Graphic Animation
Motion graphics are pieces of animation or digital footage which create
the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with
audio for use in multimedia projects. Motion graphics are usually
displayed via electronic media technology, but may also be displayed via
manual powered technology.
Motion graphics can bring statistical data to life, but animation can
bring characters to life with emotional narratives, creativity, and artistic
expression. Animation is more expensive. Motion graphics are usually
easier to produce. It's a less complex form of animation.
One of the first uses of the term "motion graphics" was by animator John
Whitney, who in 1960 founded a company called Motion Graphics Inc.
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TYPES OF ANIMATION
8.) Digital 2D Animation

2D animation is the art of creating movement in a two- dimensional space.

This includes characters, creatures, FX and backgrounds. The illusion of
movement is created when individual drawings are sequenced together over
time.
2D animation is vector-based just like traditional animation. The difference is that
frames are not drawn manually instead a computer program like Flash or Adobe
Animate & some Other powerful software's is used for animating the
fundamental frames. There is no need of individually drawing each frame.
2D animation, the most commonly understood and traditional form of animation,
is the process of creating images in two dimensional environments. Animators
then rely on two dimensions width and height to tell a story. Since its invention in
the late 1800s, 2D-animation technology has empowered animators to take this
type of animation to a whole other level.
 9) TYPES OF ANIMATION
9.) Digital 3D Animation
3D Animation Also known as computer generated
imagery (CGI), this method is the latest type of 3D
animation that uses computer software. Compared to
other types of 3D animation, CGI is more prevalent in
the moviemaking industry.
3D animation adds a third dimension depth to the
animation equation, creating a highly dynamic
animated environment that empowers marketers
to craft realistic settings, characters, objects,
textures, and lighting to see their videos in new ways.
Application Areas of Animation
1. Education and Training: Animation is used in school, colleges and
training centers for education purpose. Flight simulators for aircraft are also
animation based.
2. Entertainment: Animation methods are now commonly used in making
motion pictures, music videos and television shows, etc.
3. Computer Aided Design (CAD): One of the best applications of
computer animation is Computer Aided Design and is generally referred to
as CAD. One of the earlier applications of CAD was automobile designing.
But now almost all types of designing are done by using CAD application,
and without animation, all these work can't be possible.
Application Areas of Animation

4. Advertising: This is one of the significant applications of computer animation.

The most important advantage of an animated advertisement is that it takes very
less space and capture people attention.

5. Presentation: Animated Presentation is the most effective way to represent an

idea. It is used to describe financial, statistical, mathematical, scientific & economic
data.
Animation Functions

1. Morphing: Morphing is an animation function which is used to transform object shape from one
form to another is called Morphing. It is one of the most complicated transformations. This function
is commonly used in movies, cartoons, advertisement, and computer games.
Animation Functions

1. Morphing: Morphing is an animation function which is used to transform object shape from one
form to another is called Morphing. It is one of the most complicated transformations. This function
is commonly used in movies, cartoons, advertisement, and computer games.
Animation Functions

2. Wrapping: Wrapping function is similar to morphing function. It distorts only the

initial images so that it matches with final images and no fade occurs in this
function.

3. Tweening: Tweening is the short form of 'inbetweening.' Tweening is the

process of generating intermediate frames between the initial & last final images.
This function is popular in the film industry.
Animation Functions
Animation Functions

4. Panning: Usually Panning refers to rotation of the camera in horizontal Plane. In computer
graphics, Panning relates to the movement of fixed size window across the window object in a
scene. In which direction the fixed sized window moves, the object appears to move in the
opposite direction as shown in fig:
Animation Functions

5. Zooming: In zooming, the window is fixed an object and change its size, the object also appear
to change in size. When the window is made smaller about a fixed center, the object comes inside
the window appear more enlarged. This feature is known as Zooming In.

When we increase the size of the window about the fixed center, the object comes inside the
window appear small. This feature is known as Zooming Out.
12 Principles of Animation

12 Principles of Animation