KONAR SARANYA SUBRAMANI
311521243025
PROGRAM:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def estimate_coef(x, y):
# number of observations/points
n = np.size(x)
# mean of x and y vector
m_x = np.mean(x)
m_y = np.mean(y)
# calculating cross-deviation and deviation about x
SS_xy = np.sum(y*x) - n*m_y*m_x
SS_xx = np.sum(x*x) - n*m_x*m_x
# calculating regression coefficients
b_1 = SS_xy / SS_xx
b_0 = m_y - b_1*m_x
return (b_0, b_1)
def plot_regression_line(x, y, b):
# plotting the actual points as scatter plot
plt.scatter(x, y, color = "m",marker = "o", s = 30) 0`W
# predicted response vector
y_pred = b[0] + b[1]*x
# plotting the regression line
plt.plot(x, y_pred, color = "g")
# putting labels
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
# function to show plot
plt.show()
def main():
# observations / data
x = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
y = np.array([1, 3, 2, 5, 7, 8, 8, 9, 10, 12])
KONAR SARANYA SUBRAMANI
311521243025
# estimating coefficients
b = estimate_coef(x, y)
print("Estimated coefficients:\nb_0 = {} \ \nb_1 = {}".format(b[0], b[1]))
# plotting regression line
plot_regression_line(x, y, b)
if name == " main ":
main()
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
KONAR SARANYA SUBRAMANI
311521243025
VIVA QUESTION:
1. What is simple linear regression?
Simple linear regression is a statistical method to model the relationship between two
continuous variables using a straight line.
2. What is the formula for simple linear regression?
The formula is: Y = β₀ + β₁X + ε, where Y is the dependent variable, X is the
independent variable, β₀ is the intercept, β₁ is the slope, and ε is the error term.
3. What is the objective of simple linear regression?
The objective is to find the best-fitting line that describes the relationship between the
variables, minimizing the difference between observed and predicted values.
4. How is the best-fitting line determined in simple linear regression?
It's determined by estimating coefficients (β₀ and β₁) that minimize the sum of squared
differences between observed and predicted values.
5. What is the role of the slope (β₁) in simple linear regression?
The slope represents the rate of change in the dependent variable for a one-unit change
in the independent variable.
REAL TIME APPLICATION:
1. Simple linear regression is used to estimate the relationship between two quantitative
variables.
2. You can use simple linear regression when you want to know: How strong the
relationship is between two variables (e.g., the relationship between rainfall and soil erosion.
3. By increasing the accuracy in Dataset Regression model can be improved.
