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G U I D E F O R M S P EC I F I C AT I O N

Capacitor Bank Protection and Control REV615

Capacitor bank protection and control
in medium voltage networks
The relay is intended for protection, control, measurement and
supervision of single Y, double Y and H-bridge connected capacitor banks
used for compensation of reactive power in utility and industrial power
distribution systems. The relay is also intended for protection of harmonic
filter circuits when the highest significant harmonic component is below
or equal to the 11th harmonic.

Mechanical and construction details • The relay shall have undercurrent protection for
• The relay shall have compact dimensions not detecting disconnection of the capacitor bank. To
exceeding 4U in height. The depth of the relay avoid an undercurrent trip when the capacitor
shall, without any additional raising frame, not bank is disconnected from the power system, the
exceed 160 mm when flush mounted so as not to undercurrent protection shall be blocked using the
foul with other equipment mounted inside the capacitor bank circuit breaker open status signal.
cabinet. The weight of the relay must not exceed • To provide protection against reconnection of a
5 kgs to permit use of optimized sheet metal charged capacitor to a live network and ensure
thickness in construction of panels. complete capacitor discharging before breaker
• The relay shall support flush, semi-flush, rack and reclosing, the relay shall include breaker reclosing
wall mounting options. inhibit functionality. The capacitor bank discharge
• As flush mounted, the relay shall meet the IP54 time shall be settable between 1 and 6000
ingress protection requirements on the front side seconds.
and IP20 on the rear side and connection • The relay shall have current unbalance protection
terminals. (51NC-1) for shunt capacitor banks to protect
• To facilitate quick unit replacement, the relay double Y-connected capacitor banks against
design shall be of draw-out. It shall be possible to internal faults. The function shall suit internally
quickly replace a faulty unit with a spare without fused, externally fused and fuseless applications
disturbing the majority of the wiring. The mean and include settable definite time (DT) and inverse
time to repair (MTTR) shall be less than definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristics. The
30 minutes. function shall have two stages of operation, one
• To prevent unauthorized detachment of the relay operation and one alarm stage. The operation of
plug-in unit, the relay shall be provided with an the alarm stage shall either be based on the DT
integrated seal. characteristic or the faulty element counter of the
• The relay shall have a graphical display with at capacitor bank.
least 7 rows of characters and up to 20 characters • The relay shall have three-phase current unbalance
per row. protection (51NC-2 ) for shunt capacitor banks to
protect H-bridge capacitor banks against internal
Protection functions faults. The function shall suit internally fused,
• The relay shall have single, two and three-phase externally fused and fuseless applications and
capacitor bank overload protection (51C) against include settable definite time (DT) and inverse
overloads caused by harmonic currents and definite minimum time (IDMT) characteristics. The
overvoltages in shunt capacitor banks. The function shall have two stages of operation, one
operation of the overload protection shall be operation and one alarm stage. The operation of
based on the peak value of the integrated current the alarm stage shall be based based on the DT
that is proportional to the voltage across the characteristic.
capacitor.
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• The relay must have current-based shunt capacitor Inputs and outputs
bank switching resonance protection (55TD) for • The relay shall have five voltage inputs, three for
detecting three-phase resonance caused by phase voltage measurement supporting both
capacitor switching or topology changes in the phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth VT
network. The operation of the switching resonance connections, one for open delta voltage
protection shall be based on the definite time (DT) measurement, and one for capacitor bank residual
characteristic. In harmonic filter applications, it voltage measurement from the neutral.
shall be possible to exclude the designed harmonic • The relay shall have seven current inputs, three
filter frequency. Detection and disconnection of phase current inputs, three unbalance current
the harmonic resonance situation shall avoid the inputs and one residual current input for earth-
need for a detailed system study for each fault protection.
installation to determine the right size and • The relay shall have 8 binary inputs and 9 binary
operating range of the capacitor bank. outputs and all of them freely configurable.
• The relay shall have non-directional phase Optionally, it must be possible to add up to 6 more
overcurrent and earth-fault protection (50/51, binary inputs and 3 more binary outputs.
50/51N) with three stages (low-set, high-set and • To enable direct tripping of the circuit breaker, the
non-directional instantaneous stage), definite relay must have 2 double-pole power output relays
time (DT) and inverse definite minimum time with integrated trip-circuit supervision (TCS). The
(IDMT) characteristics, and IEC and ANSI/IEEE two power output relays shall be rated to make
operating curves. and carry 30 A for 0.5 s with a breaking capacity of
• If specified, the relay shall have three-stage ≥1 A (L/R<40 ms).
directional earth-fault protection (67N) with • To enable fast direct tripping of the circuit breaker,
selectable negative and zero-sequence the relay must have 3 optional high-speed binary
polarization. I0 and U0 shall be derived either from outputs with an operate time of ≤ 1 ms. The binary
the phase voltages and currents or from the output contacts shall be rated to make and carry
measured neutral current and residual voltage. 30 A for 0.5 s with a breaking capacity of ≥1 A
• The relay shall have two-stage negative-sequence (L/R<40 ms).
overcurrent protection (46) with definite time (DT) • The threshold voltage of the relay’s binary inputs
and inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) shall be settable to 16...176 V DC.
characteristics. • The binary inputs of the relay shall, when
• In compensated, unearthed and high-resistance energized, utilize a higher inrush current to
earthed networks, the relay shall be able to detect facilitate the breaking of possible dirt or sulfide
transient, intermittent and continuous earth from the surface of the activating contact.
faults.
• If specified, the relay shall have comprehensive Measurements, alarms and reporting
voltage protection, including at least overvoltage • The relay shall have three-phase voltage
(59), undervoltage (27), positive-sequence measurement (fundamental or RMS-based as
undervoltage (47U+), negative-sequence selectable options) with an accuracy of ±0.5% and
overvoltage (47O-) and residual overvoltage zero, negative and positive-sequence voltage
protection (59G). The protection functions shall measurement with an accuracy of ±1% within the
operate in one, two, or three-phase mode range of ±2Hz of the nominal frequency.
according to application requirements, and the • The relay shall have frequency measurement with
operation mode shall be individually settable for an accuracy of ±10mHz within the range of
each stage. Functions (59) and (27) shall measure 35…75Hz.
either the phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth • To collect sequence-of-events (SoE) information,
voltages. The selection shall be software-based the relay must include a non-volatile memory with
and individually selectable for each stage. a capacity of storing at least 1024 event codes
with associated time stamps.
•
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• The relay must support the storage of at least 128 • The relay must support IEEE 1588 v2 for high-
fault records in the relay’s non-volatile memory. accuracy time synchronization (< 4 µs) in Ethernet-
• The fault record values must at least include phase based applications. The relay shall also support
voltages and frequency; zero, negative and the SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) and
positive-sequence voltages, and the active setting IRIG-B (Inter-Range Instrumentation Group - Time
group. Code Format B) time synchronization methods.
• The relay shall have a disturbance recorder • The relay must support IEC 61850-9-2LE with
supporting a sampling frequency of 32 samples IEEE 1588 v2 for accurate time synchronization.
per cycle and featuring up to 12 analog and 64
binary signal channels. Engineering and configurability
• The relay’s disturbance recorder shall support not • The relay must have 6 independent settings
less than 6 three-second recordings at 32 samples groups for the relevant protection settings (start
per cycle for 12 analog channels and 64 binary value and operate time). It must be possible to
channels. change protection setting values from one setting
• The relays shall support up to 100 disturbance group to another in less than 20 ms from the
recordings. binary input activation.
• The relay must have a load profile recorder for • The relay must have a web browser-based human-
phase voltages supporting up to 12 selectable load machine interface (WHMI) with secured
quantities and more than 1 year of recording communication (TLS) and shall provide the
length. The load profile recorder output shall be in following functions:
COMTRADE format. -- Programmable LEDs and event lists
-- System supervision
Communication -- Parameter settings
• The relay must support IEC 61850 Edition 1 and -- Measurement display
Edition 2. -- Disturbance records
• The relay must support, besides IEC 61850, -- Phaser diagram
simultaneous communication using one of the -- Single-line diagram (SLD)
following communication protocols: Modbus® -- Importing and exporting of parameters
(RTU-ASCII/TCP), IEC 60870-5-103 or DNP3 (serial/ • When a protection function is disabled or removed
TCP). from the configuration, neither the relay nor the
• The relay must have an Ethernet port (RJ45) on the configuration tool shall show the function-related
front for local parametrization and data retrieval. settings.
• The relay shall support up to five IEC 61850 (MMS) • The relay HMI and configuration tool shall have
clients simultaneously. multilingual support.
• The relay must have two fiber-optic Ethernet ports • The relay HMI and configuration tool shall support
with HSR and PRP-1. both IEC and ANSI protection function codes.
• The relay shall have a third Ethernet port for • The relay shall have at least 11 freely configurable
providing connectivity of any other Ethernet and programmable two-color LEDs.
device to an IEC 61850 station bus inside a • The relay must have at least 10 user-configurable
switchgear bay. local HMI views including measurements and SLDs.
• The relay must support IEC 61850 GOOSE • The relay shall have a graphical configuration tool
messaging and meet the performance for the complete relay application including multi-
requirements for tripping applications (<10 ms) as level logic programming support, timers and flip-
defined by the IEC 61850 standard. flops.
• The relay shall support subscribing analog values • The relay configuration tool must include online
using IEC 61850 GOOSE messaging. visualization of the relay application state.
 • It must be possible to keep the relay configuration Additional information
tool up-to-date using an online update For more information, please contact your local ABB
functionality. representative or visit our website at:
• The relay configuration tool shall support viewing www.abb.com/substationautomation
of relay events, fault records and visualization of www.abb.com/mediumvoltage
disturbance recordings.
• The relay configuration tool must include the
complete relay documentation including operation
and technical details.
• The relay configuration tool must include
functionality for comparing the archived
configuration to the configuration in the relay.
• The relay configuration tool must allow
configuration of IEC 61850 vertical and horizontal
communication including GOOSE and sampled
values.
• The relay configuration tool must support
importing and exporting of valid IEC 61850 files
(ICD, CID, SCD, IID).
• The relay configuration tool must be compatible
with earlier relay versions.

Type tests and other compliance requirements

• The relay shall have an operating temperature
range of -25 … +55 ⁰C and transport/storage
temperature range of -40...+85 ⁰C.
• The relay must fulfill the mechanical test
requirements according to IEC 60255-21-1, -2 and
-3, Class 2 for vibration, shock, bump and seismic
compliance.
• The relay’s maximum DC auxiliary power
consumption shall be less than 20 W (all inputs
activated and over the full supply range).
• The relay must have an IEC 61850 Edition 2
certificate from an accredited Level A testing
laboratory.
• The relay must fulfill the electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) test requirements according
to IEC 60255-26.
• The relay must be tested according to the
requirements of the IEC or an equivalent standard.

1MRS758528 B © Copyright 2018 ABB. All rights reserved.

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document.