Eg 1.

1b) Find the solution set of −𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6 ≤ 0

−𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6 ≤ 0
−𝑥 + 3 𝑥 − 2 ≤ 0

−𝑥 + 3 ≤ 0 and 𝑥 − 2 ≥ 0 or −𝑥 + 3 ≥ 0 and 𝑥 − 2 ≤ 0
−𝑥 ≤ −3 and 𝑥 ≥ 2 −𝑥 ≥ −3 and 𝑥 ≤ 2
𝑥 ≥ 3 and 𝑥 ≥ 2 𝑥 ≤ 3 and 𝑥 ≤ 2
So 𝑥 ≥ 3 So 𝑥 ≤ 2

Solution set = 𝑥: 𝑥 ≥ 3 or 𝑥 ≤ 2
= −∞, 2 ∪ [3, ∞)

MTH107 T02
 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + |𝑦|
Eg 1.2b) If 𝑥 − 4 < 0.1 and 𝑦 − 7 < 0.2, use the Triangle Inequality
to estimate x + y − 11 .
| 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 11|

= |𝑥 + 𝑦 − 11|

= |𝑥 − 4 + 𝑦 − 7|

≤ |𝑥 − 4| + |𝑦 − 7|

MTH107 T02
 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + |𝑦|
Eg 1.2b) If 𝑥 − 4 < 0.1 and 𝑦 − 7 < 0.2, use the Triangle Inequality
to estimate x + y − 11 .
| 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 11|

= |𝑥 + 𝑦 − 11|

= |𝑥 − 4 + 𝑦 − 7|

≤ |𝑥 − 4| + |𝑦 − 7|

< 0.1 + 0.2

< 0.3

MTH107 T02
 𝑦2 −2𝑦
Eg. Let 𝑥 and 𝑦 be any real numbers, where 𝑥 ≠ 0. Prove that 1 + ≥
𝑥2 𝑥
𝑦2 2𝑦
Let 𝑧 = 1 + +
𝑥2 𝑥
𝑥2 𝑦2 2𝑦
𝑧= (𝑥2 )(1 + + )
𝑥2 𝑥

1
= ( 2 )(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦)
𝑥
1 2
= 𝑥+𝑦
𝑥2

Since 𝑥 2 > 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 + 𝑦 2

≥ 0, so 𝑧 ≥ 0
𝑦 2 2𝑦 𝑦 2 −2𝑦
1+ 2+ ≥0 ∴1+ 2 ≥
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.1d) For f(x) whose graph is given, state the value of each quantity, if it exists.

MTH107 T02
Practice:

=3 =1 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡

=3 =4 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.1e) 𝑥 − 4 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 4
Let 𝑓 𝑥 = ൝ , determine if lim 𝑓(𝑥) exists.
8 − 2𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 4 𝑥→4

MTH107 T02
 |𝑥|
Eg 2.1f) Prove that lim 𝑥 does not exist.
𝑥→0

𝑥
|𝑥| 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0,
𝑥
= (−𝑥)
𝑥
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 0.
𝑥

𝑥
lim+ = lim+ 1 = 1
𝑥→𝑜 𝑥 𝑥→𝑜

(−𝑥)
lim = lim− −1 = −1
𝑥→𝑜− 𝑥 𝑥→𝑜

|𝑥|
Since the two one-sided limits are not equal, lim does not exist.
𝑥→0 𝑥

MTH107 T02
 lim 7 𝑥 2 and lim 4𝑥 − 𝑥 4
Eg 2.2a) Find 𝑥→5 𝑥→−2

lim 7 𝑥 2 lim 4𝑥 − 𝑥 4
𝑥→5 𝑥→−2

= 7 lim 𝑥 2 = lim 4 𝑥 − lim 𝑥 4

𝑥→−2 𝑥→−2
𝑥→5
2
= 7 lim 𝑥 = 4 lim 𝑥 − ( lim 𝑥)4
𝑥→5 𝑥→−2 𝑥→−2

2 4
=7 5 = 4 −2 − −2

= 175 = −24

MTH107 T02
 1 1
Eg 2.2b) Find lim ( ) and lim ( )
𝑥→2 𝑥 − 2 𝑥→3 6 − 2𝑥

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.2c) 𝑥−2 1
Find lim , lim
𝑥→∞ 5 𝑥→∞ 3𝑥 + 2

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.3.1a) 𝑥 2 −1 0
Find lim " "
𝑥→1 𝑥−1 0

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.3.1b) 𝑥 2 +𝑥−6 0
Find lim " "
𝑥→2 𝑥−2 0

(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
lim
𝑥→2 𝑥−2

= lim 𝑥 + 3
𝑥→2

=5

MTH107 T02
 𝑡 2 +9−3 0
Eg 2.3.2b) Find lim 𝑡 2 " "
𝑡→0
0

MTH107 T02
 1 + 3𝑥 + 5𝑥 3 ∞
Eg 2.3.3a) Find lim 3 " "
𝑥→∞ 2𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 1 ∞

MTH107 T02
 −1 ≤ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 ≤ 1 for all x
2
1
Eg 2.4a) Show that lim 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 0
𝑥→0 𝑥

1
−1 ≤ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ≤ 1
𝑥
1
−𝑥 ≤ 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ≤ 𝑥 2
2 2
𝑥
lim 𝑥 2 = 0 , lim (−𝑥 2 ) = 0
𝑥→0 𝑥→0

By the Squeeze Theorem,

2
1
lim 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 = 0
𝑥→0 𝑥

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.4b) If 4x − 9 ≤ f x ≤ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 7 for 𝑥 ≥ 0, find lim 𝑓 𝑥 .
𝑥→4

MTH107 T02
Eg 2.4c)

When 𝑥 = −2, denominator = 0.

If the limit exists, then numerator = 0 when x = -2 so that initial limit is indeterminate

3 −2 2 + 𝑎(−2) + 𝑎 + 3 = 0, thus 𝑎 = 15

3𝑥 2 +15𝑥+(15)+3 3𝑥 2 +15𝑥+18
lim 2 +𝑥−2 = lim 𝑥2 +𝑥−2
𝑥→−2 𝑥 𝑥→−2

3(𝑥+2)(𝑥+3) 3(𝑥+3)
= lim = lim = −1
𝑥→−2 (𝑥+2)(𝑥−1) 𝑥→−2 (𝑥−1)
ATM 1005 | Limits and