ASI

IC20
24
SAINS@USM,BUKI
TJAMBUL
,
PENANG,MAL
AYSIA
2829MAY2024

PROGRAMME
&ABSTRACT
BOOK

as
iic.
usm.
my
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 1

“EXPLORING SPECIES DIVERSITY AND RESILIENCE OF

ASIAN FISHES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT”
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 2

CONTENTS
3 Organizing Committee
4 Message from the Chairperson
Message from Deputy Vice-Chancellor
5
Research & Innovation of USM
6 Conference Venue and Layout
9 Conference at a Glance
10 Conference and Oral Presentation Schedule
19 Poster Presentation List
22 Keynote Speaker Abstract
Plenary Session Abstracts
Invited Speaker Abstracts
32 Oral Presentation Abstracts
132 Poster Presentation Abstracts
171 Conference Sponsors
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 3

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE OF ASIIC2024

Chairperson : Prof. Dr. Siti Azizah Mohd. Nor (UMT)

Co-chairperson : Dr. Sébastien Lavoué (USM)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tan Min Pau (UMT)
Secretariat : Dr. Jamsari Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin (USM)
Dr. Nik Mohd Izham Mohamed Nor (USM)
Treasurer : Dr. Rosnida Tajuddin (USM)
Mrs. Murni Nur Islamiah Kassim (UMT)
Technical & Transportation : Dr. Nurul 'Ain Binti Elias (USM)
Dr. Khaironizam Md Zain (USM)
Sponsorship : Miss Masazurah A. Rahim (DoF)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Darlina Md. Naim (USM)
Mr. Julius Yong Fu Shiong (UMT)
Publicity & promotion : Dr. Danial Hariz Zainal Abidin (UKM)
Mr. Mohd Ridzuan b Yusof (UMT)
Dr. Lim Hong Chiun (AIMST)
Dr. Beginer Subhan (IPB University)
Protocol : Dr. Noor Adelyna Mohammed Akib (USM)
Dr. Amirah Hurzaid (USM)
Scientific & publication : Prof. Dr. Nur Fadli (USK)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Amir Shah Ruddin Md Sah (USM)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Seah Ying Giat (UMT)
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sharifah Aminah Syed Mohamad (UiTM)
Dr. Tun Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar (UMT)
Dr. Norfatimah Mohamed Yunus (UiTM)
Dr. Adibah Abu Bakar (UPSI)
Miss Noorul Azliana Jamaludin (DoF)
Dr. Siti Zafirah Ghazali (UMT)
Miss Norli Fauzani Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari (UMT)

ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Prof. Dato’ Dr. Amirul Al-Ashraf Abdullah (USM)
Prof. Dr. Yeong Yik Sung (UMT)
Prof. Dr. Muchlisin Zainal Abidin (USK)
Prof.Dr. Fredinan Yulianda (IPB University)
Prof. Dr. Larry M. Page (FLMNH)
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 4

Foreword

PROFESSOR DR. SITI AZIZAH MOHD NOR

Chairperson of the Organising Committee
ASIIC 2024

On behalf of our organising committee, it is biodiverse hotspots of Asia. The exchange

with great pleasure that I extend my of ideas and expertise at this gathering
warmest welcome to all participants of the holds the potential to drive new exciting
7th International Conference of the Asian collaborative projects and facilitate ground-
Society of Ichthyologists (ASI) 2024. breaking research initiatives in the field.

After a four-year hiatus due to the I believe that working together is the best
unprecedented challenges of the COVID-19 option we have for mitigating the negative
pandemic, the ASI is thrilled to announce effects of anthropogenetic-driven
the long-awaited revival of our conference. environmental changes on (aquatic)
Set to take place at Universiti Sains biodiversity.
Malaysia in Penang, Malaysia, on May 28-
29, 2024, this marks the second time it is Reflecting on the successes of past
held in Penang. conferences which was first held in Penang
in 2014, followed by other distinguished
This eagerly awaited event will span two locations; in Guilin in 2015, Taipei in 2016,
days and feature both oral and poster Ho Chi Minh City in 2017, Nanning in 2018,
sessions. Jointly organised with Universiti and Aceh in 2019, we are reminded of the
Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), it is co- enduring impact of these scholarly
organised with the ASI, Universitas Syiah exchanges. These conferences have
Kuala (USK), Indonesia and Universitas of served as vibrant forums for intellectual
the Institute of Pertanian Bandung (IPB), discourse and collaboration.
Indonesia. We are also privileged and
deeply honoured to have the full support of I would like to express my deepest
the Department of Fisheries, Malaysia appreciation to our esteemed speakers,
(DoFM). This partnership underscores our participants, and sponsors for their
collective commitment to advancing unwavering support and invaluable
ichthyology and related fields, and fosteringcontributions to the success of this
international collaboration in the pursuit ofconference. Last but not least, I would like
scientific knowledge. to extend my sincere gratitude to the
members of the organising committee for
With participation from esteemed their tireless dedication and meticulous
colleagues representing 16 countries, not planning in bringing this event to fruition.
only from Asia but other distant regions, I
am confident that this conference will serve Here's to a highly productive and enjoyable
as a catalyst for strengthening existing conference experience for all participants.
linkages and forging new connections
among ichthyologists working in the Thank you.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 5

Welcome

PROFESSOR DR. HABIBAH A WAHAB

Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Research and Innovation
Universiti Sains Malaysia

It is my great pleasure to welcome all participants hotspots, we can prioritize conservation efforts and
to the 7th International Conference of the Asian safeguard these invaluable ecosystems.
Society of Ichthyologists 2024 (ASIIC 2024). This
conference, jointly organized by Universiti Sains As we navigate through these diverse aquatic
Malaysia (USM) and Universiti Malaysia habitats, it becomes increasingly evident that the
Terengganu (UMT), in collaboration with the Asian resilience of Asian fishes in the face of environmental
Society of Ichthyologists (ASI), Universitas Syiah change is a testament to their remarkable
Kuala, and IPB University, Indonesia, with support adaptability. Yet, amidst this resilience lies a delicate
from the Department of Fisheries under the Ministry balance that is constantly challenged by the impacts
of Agriculture and Food Security, Malaysia, holds of human activities, habitat degradation, and climate
significant importance in the field of ichthyology and change. Therefore, our commitment to
fisheries. understanding and conserving the rich diversity of
Asian fishes is not only an academic pursuit but a
The primary objective of this conference is to crucial step towards ensuring the sustainability of our
facilitate the exchange of information related to planet's aquatic ecosystems for generations to come.
research on fish species, particularly those found in Through collaborative research, innovative
the Asian continent. The conference theme, conservation strategies, and community
"Exploring Species Diversity and Resilience of engagement, we have the opportunity to safeguard
Asian Fishes in a Changing Environment," is highly the resilience of Asian fishes and the invaluable
relevant in the face of the concerning challenges of ecosystems they inhabit, fostering a future where
climate change. Moreover, this conference aligns biodiversity thrives amidst a changing environment.
with efforts to achieve Sustainable Development
Goals, specifically SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, SDG 13 - This conference offers an invaluable opportunity for
Climate Change, and SDG 14 - Life Below Water. researchers to engage, exchange ideas, and share
their research findings, fostering enduring
I am delighted to note that this conference has connections in fish diversity research, particularly
attracted the interest of distinguished ichthyologists amidst the challenges posed by climate change. In
not only from local and regional institutions but also recent years, there has been a noticeable shift in
from distant countries around the globe, totalling 16 research priorities and interests towards biodiversity
countries. and conservation issues and policies. Collaboration
between universities, research institutions, and the
The Asian continent is known to harbor numerous private sector nationally and internationally has
critical hotspots for marine and freshwater become increasingly prevalent, aimed at realizing
organisms, many of which are unique to the region. the objectives outlined in these policies. By
However, aquatic ecosystems face a significant employing innovative methodologies, significant
biodiversity crisis, particularly among fishes, the strides have been made in understanding ecosystem
largest vertebrate group. Urgent action is required sustainability and biodiversity conservation, with far-
to conserve biodiversity, necessitating the reaching implications for society.
collection of comprehensive information on fish
biodiversity and ecosystems. This entails To all participants, I wish you an exciting and fruitful
implementing effective environmental monitoring conference. I extend to you all a warm Selamat
and facilitating the compilation and dissemination of Datang to Penang.
data to identify key drivers impacting biodiversity
within each system. By pinpointing biodiversity Thank you.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 6

CONFERENCE VENUE

Conference location:
Sains@USM
Persiaran Bukit Jambul, Bukit Jambul
Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang
Coordinate: 5.339667, 100.281111
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 7

CONFERENCE LAYOUT (LEVEL LG)

 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 8

CONFERENCE LAYOUT (LEVEL G)

 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 9

CONFERENCE AT A GLANCE

DATE TIME PROGRAM

27-May-24 3.00 pm –
Early Registration at Sains@USM
Monday 5.00 pm

7.30 am –
Registration at Sains@USM
28-May-24 8.55 am
Tuesday 8.55 am –
Opening Ceremony
9.40 am
9.40 am –
Keynote Lecture
10.20 am
10.20 am –
Presentation from our sponsors
10.35 am
10.35 am –
Photo Session, Refreshment and Poster Session
11.00 am
11.00 am
Plenary Session 1
11.40 am
Session 2:
Session 1: DNA Barcoding and
11.45 am – Session 3:
Taxonomy and Metabarcoding / Population
1.00 pm Ecology
Species Checklist Genetics, Evolution and
Biogeography
12.50 pm –
Lunch
2.00 pm
Session 5:
Session 4: DNA Barcoding and
2.00 pm – Session 6:
Taxonomy and Metabarcoding / Population
5.00 pm Ecology
Species Checklist Genetics, Evolution and
Biogeography
5.00 pm Refreshment and Poster Session
5.00 pm ASI Board Meeting
8.30 am –
Plenary Session 2
29-May-24 9.10 am
Wednesday Session 8:
Session 9:
Session 7: DNA Barcoding and
9.15 am – Sustainable
Taxonomy and Metabarcoding / Population
10.30 am Aquaculture and
Species Checklist Genetics, Evolution and
Fisheries
Biogeography
10.30 am –
Refreshment and Poster Session
11.00 am
Session 11:
Session 12:
Session 10: DNA Barcoding and
11.00 am – Sustainable
Taxonomy and Metabarcoding / Population
1.00 pm Aquaculture and
Species Checklist Genetics, Evolution and
Fisheries
Biogeography
1.00 pm –
Lunch
2.00 pm
Session 15:
Session 13: Session 14:
2.00 pm – Sustainable
Taxonomy and Invasive and Alien Species /
4.30 pm Aquaculture and
Species Checklist Public outreach
Fisheries
4.35 pm –
Closing Ceremony
5.00 pm
5.00 pm High Tea
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 10

CONFERENCE AND ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE

DATE /
TIME PROGRAM
DAY
27-May-24 3.00 pm -
Registration at Sains@USM (Level G)
Monday 5.00 pm
28-May-24 7.30 am Registration and Arrival of Participants at Sains@USM (Level G)
Tuesday OPENING CEREMONY
Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium, sains@USM
Arrival of The Hon. Prof. Dr. Habibah A. Wahab,
8.55 am
Deputy Vice-Chancellor Research & Innovation, USM
9.00 am Negaraku / Doa Recitation
WELCOMING SPEECH by
9.10 am Prof. Dr. Siti Azizah Mohd. Nor
Chairperson of the Organising Committee ASIIC 2024
OFFICIATING SPEECH & ASIIC2024 OPENING CEREMONY by
9.20 am
The Hon. Prof. Dr. Habibah A. Wahab
KEYNOTE LECTURE by
Dr. Tan Heok Hui
9.40 am Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore
Title: Encheloclarias - A Cryptic Acid-Water Catfish from Sundaland, A Critical Update
Moderator: Professor Dr. Larry M. Page
Presentation from our sponsor: Penang Hill Corporation
10.20 am
Title: Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve: Exploring the Biodiversity from Hills to Ocean
Presentation from our sponsor: Apical Scientific Sdn Bhd
10.25 am
Title: TBD
Presentation from our sponsor: Analisa Resources
10.30 am
Title: BioArk Fish: Addressing Challenges in Aquaculture Sample Collection for your Molecular Breeding Program
10.35 am Photo Session, Refreshment and Poster Session
PLENARY SESSION 1
Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium

11.00 am Mr. Zachary S. Randall

Florida Museum of Natural History, USA
Title: Access For All: Capturing Biodiversity Collections in 3D With Photogrammetry
Moderator: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tan Min Pau
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 11

28-May-24 Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium Venue: Seminar Room 1 Venue: Seminar Room 2
Tuesday Session 1: Taxonomy and Species Session 2: DNA Barcoding,
Session 3: Ecology
Checklist Metabarcoding / Population Genetics,
Chairperson: Assoc., Prof. Dr. Amir
Chairperson: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hoang Duc Evolution and Biogeography
Shah Ruddin Md Sah
Huy Chairperson: Prof. Dr. Hui Zhang
DNA-O-035
Lorenzo C. Halasan
TAXONOMY-O-001 ECO-O-059
Diagnostic Applicability of Mitogenomics in
Noorhani Syahida Kasim Rafhiah Kahar
Uncovering Intraspecific Carangid
11.45 am Ichthyofauna of the Largest Wetlands of Continuous Oocyte Recruitment and
Diversifications: Insights into Phylogeny,
East Peninsular Malaysia, The Setiu Protracted Spawning in Three Tropical
Divergence Time, and Characterization of
Wetlands and Its Adjacent Waters Cypriniforms
Two Cryptic Selaroides leptolepis
Mitogenomes
TAXONOMY-O-002 DNA-O-036 ECO-O-060
Ying Giat Seah Norli Fauzani Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari Hefni Effendi
12.00 am Progress Notes on Emperors Exploration Developing An Environmental DNA Nature-Based Solution at Offshore Oil
from The East Coast of Peninsular Species-Specific Assay to Monitor and Gas Exploitation (Case Study at
Malaysia Endangered Asian Arowana in Malaysia PHE ONWJ)
DNA-O-037
TAXONOMY-O-003
Ahasan Habib
Siti Zafirah Ghazali ECO-O-061
High Genetic Connectivity of Data-
Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a New E Zhang
12.15 pm Deficient Yellowfin Snapper, Lutjanus
Species of Glass-Perchlet, Genus Conservation Status of Freshwater Fish
Xanthopinnis (Actinopterygii: Eupercaria:
Ambassis (Teleostei: Ambassidae) From Diversity in China
Lutjanidae), From Malaysian Waters Based
Peninsular Malaysia
on Mitochondrial DNA Markers
DNA-O-038
TAXONOMY-O-004 Jesusito A. Vicente ECO-O-062
Mohamad Aqmal-Naser Length-Weight Relationship and Allyn Duvin P. Hinoguin
12.30 pm Revisiting Type Localities of Freshwater Population Dynamics of Fringescale Sustaining Biodiversity: The
Fishes in Terengganu, Malaysia; A Current Sardinella (Sardinella Fimbriata Functionality of Mangrove Afforestation
Understanding Valenciennes, 1847) From Malampaya for Faunal Habitats and Management
Sound, Palawan, Philippines
TAXONOMY-O-005 ECO-O-063
DNA-O-039
Zhisen Luo Prita Ayu Permatasari
12.45 pm Tun Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar
Checklist of Marine Fishes in The Beibu Water Quality Index for Assessing
Exploring Malaysia’s Offshore Fish
Gulf: Fish Classification, Resource Water Purification Ecosystem Services
Diversity Through DNA Barcoding
Protection, and Biodiversity Challenge in Jakarta Urban Lakes
1.00 pm Lunch
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 12

28-May-24 Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium Venue: Seminar Room 1 Venue: Seminar Room 2
Tuesday Session 5: DNA Barcoding,
Session 4: Taxonomy and Species Metabarcoding / Population Session 6: Ecology
Checklist Genetics, Evolution and Chairperson:
Chairperson: Assoc Prof. Dr. Seah Biogeography Dr. Zeehan Jaafar / Dr. Chew Poh
Ying Giat / Dr. Chavalit Vidthayanon Chairperson: TBD / Dr. Lorenzo C. Chiang
Halasan
Invited Speaker 2 - DNA-SPE002
Dr. Beginer Subhan
Invited Speaker 3: ECOLOGY-SPE003
Invited Speaker 1: TAXONOMY-SPE001 Monitoring the structure of reef fish
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Amirrudin Ahmad
2.00 pm Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yahui Zhao communities within Marine Protected
Patterns of Rarity Among Stream-
Chasing the Unknown: Cavefishes Areas (MPAs) in Indonesia using eDNA
Dwelling Fishes in Peninsular Malaysia
metabarcoding for environmental
biomonitoring
ECO-O-064
TAXONOMY-O-006 DNA-O-040
Jasrul Dulipat
Yuna Dewa Mita Aprilia
Assemblages of Loaches across large-
2.30 pm Species Diversity of The Triplefin Genus Assessment Of Fish eDNA In River
scale altitudinal gradients in Forest
Enneapterygius (Perciformes: Systems and Its Correlation with Water
Streams of Kinabalu Park, Sabah,
Tripterygiidae) In Japan Quality Parameters
Malaysia
TAXONOMY-O-007 DNA-O-041 ECO-O-065
Wei Zhou Aafaq Nazir Mohd Azham Yahya
2.45 pm Exploring Fish Diversity and Conservation Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Freshwater fish community structures
in The Pearl River Basin of East Asia of Cultured and Wild Barramundi (Lates and their distribution along Sg. Sat,
Using Global Fish Databases Calcarifer) In Taiwan Taman Negara Pahang
TAXONOMY-O-008
DNA-O-042 ECO-O-066
Wei-Han Shao
Yunrong Yan Muhammad Ikhmal Roslan
Tachysurus wuyueensis (Teleostei:
3.00 pm DNA Barcoding the Ichthyofauna of The Movements of Released Aquaculture
Bagridae), A New Species of Catfish from
Beibu Gulf: Implications for Fisheries Species of Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker,
The Qiantang-Jiang Basin, Southeast
Management in A Seafood Market Hub 1863) in Pahang River, Malaysia
China
TAXONOMY-O-009
ECO-O-067
Wenjing Yi DNA-O-043
Chia-Cheng Ku
Comparative Anatomy of The Skull Roof Bi Wei Low
3.15 pm Migratory ecology of Pacific bluefin tuna
Reveals Evolutionary Origins of The Head Stream Rehabilitation Mitigates the
(Thunnus orientalis) revealed by otolith
Horn Structure in Cave-Dwelling Golden- Impacts of Channelisation On Gene Flow
stable isotope analysis
Line Barbel Species
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 13

28-May-24 TAXONOMY-O-010
Tuesday Heidi Retnoningtyas DNA-O-044
Metazoan Parasites of The Narrow-Barred Leanne Frances Yee ECO-O-068
Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus Surveying Ichthyofaunal Diversity Using Chiajung Berrica Tsai
3.30 pm
commerson Lacepède, 1800) Across eDNA Metabarcoding in An Economically Variations in reef fish productivity under
Indonesia as A Potential Proxy for Stock Important Mangrove Estuary in Peninsular contrasting environmental conditions
Discrimination and Its Management Malaysia
Implications
DNA-O-045 ECO-O-069
TAXONOMY-O-011
Tavun Pongsanarm Paramasivan Sivakumar
Daijiro Yuki
Addressing Climate Change Impacts on Ecomorpological adaptations of the gills
3.45 pm Taxonomic Review of “Corythoichthys
Blue Mahseer in Mae Hong Son: in endemic species, Hypselobarbus
flavofasciatus” (Syngnathiformes:
Conservation Strategies for Genetic kurali (Cyprinidae) in diverse streams of
Syngnathidae)
Diversity Western Ghats
TAXONOMY-O-012 ECO-O-071
DNA-O-046 Suci Budi Faradilla
Zhixian Sun
Kornsorn Srikulnath Microplastic Contamination in the Surface
4.00 pm Taxonomic Review on The Genus
Combining Genetics and Environment: Water and Fish Harvested from Coastal
Microphysogobio (Cypriniformes:
Conserving Eastern Thailand's Betta Fish Waters of Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar
Gobionidae) District, Aceh Province, Indonesia
DNA-O-047
Nanda Muhammad Razi
ECO-O-072
TAXONOMY-O-013 DNA Barcode Characterization of Banded
Inna Puspa Ayu
Mohammad Bodrul Munir Archerfish (Toxotes jaculatrix Pallas, 1767)
4.15 pm Microplastics in The Digestive Tract of
Chinese Medicinal Herbs Produce 100% In Several Indonesia Waters with The New
Fish in Jatigede Reservoir, Sumedang,
Male Tilapia with Supermale YY Genotype Sequences Record from The Singkil Peat
West Java
Swamp Waters in Aceh Province,
Indonesia
DNA-O-048 ECO-O-073
TAXONOMY-O-014
Sri Riska Rahayu Jiashou Liu
Xiao Chen
DNA Barcode Characterization of Rusty Stocking-based fisheries in China’s
Type Specimens and Original Descriptions
4.30 pm Jobfish Aphareus rutilans in Several Indonesia lakes and reservoirs: trade-offs between
Matter: New Insights into The Taxonomy of Waters with The New Sequences Record from ecological conservation and resources
The Twelve Freshwater Carps South Aceh Region utilization
DNA-O-049
TAXONOMY-O-015
Yingchun Xing
Lawrence M. Page
Optimal Recommendations for Field and -
4.45 pm Taxonomic Revisions of Confusing Genera
Laboratory Protocols of eDNA And
of Southeast Asian Xenocyprididae
Applications in Fish Diversity in China
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 14

5.00 pm Refreshment and Poster Session

5.00 pm ASI Board meeting
29-May-24 Plenary Session 2
Wednesday Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium
8.30 am
Dr Sebastien Lavoue
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Title: Insights into the biogeography of freshwater fishes of Peninsular Malaysia
Moderator: Prof. Dr. Siti Azizah Mohd Nor
Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium Venue: Seminar Room 1 Venue: Seminar Room 2
Session 8: DNA Barcoding,
Session 7: Taxonomy and Species Session 9: Sustainable Aquaculture
Metabarcoding / Population Genetics,
Checklist and Fisheries
Evolution and Biogeography
Chairperson: Prof. Dr. Chuanbo Guo Chairperson: Dr. Haslawati Baharuddin
Chairperson: Dr. Rafhiah Kahar
TAXONOMY-O-016
DNA-O-050 FISHERIES-O-074
Mohammad Mirza-Zulhilmi
Matthew A. Campbell Effarina Mohd Faizal
Elucidating The Identity of Rasbora notura-
9.15 am Structural Variation in Lates calcarifer and Insights into Mackerel Population
paviana-vulgaris Species Complex from
Potential Roles in Speciation and Dynamics in the Northern West Coast of
Peninsular Malaysia Through Traditional
Adaptation Peninsular Malaysia
Morphometrics and Meristic
TAXONOMY-O-017 FISHERIES-O-075
Harutaka Hata DNA-O-051 Nur Hidayah Asgnari
An Undescribed Species of Rainbow Chenhong Li Distribution Patterns and Density of
9.30 am
Sardine Genus Dussumieria (Teleostei: Population genomics of Ilisha elongata Engraulidae Eggs and Larvae in
Clupeiformes: Dussumieriidae) From New along the Northwestern Pacific Coast Pangkor Island, Perak: West Coast of
Guinea and Australia Peninsular Malaysia
FISHERIES-O-076
DNA-O-052
Li-Chi Cheng
TAXONOMY-O-018 Muhamad Hanif Iryani Adnan
Preliminary Studies in Seasonal
David K. Cagle A qPCR-based environmental DNA
9.45 am Migration Patterns of Early Life Stage
A New Species of Stone Loach, Schistura, (eDNA) method for detecting the giant
for Narrow-barred Spanish Mackerel
From the Mae Klong River Basin, Thailand featherback (Chitala lopis, Notopteridae) in
(Scomberomorus commerson) in waters
Perak River, Malaysia
of Taiwan
TAXONOMY-O-019
DNA-O-053 FISHERIES-O-077
Abdulwakil Olawale Saba
Krittaporn Lempan Mohd Hariz Ab Halim
An Updated Checklist of Fish Species in
10.00 am The Genetic Diversity Study of Mahseer, Purse Seine and Trawl Net Fishing
The Sultan Idris Shah Forestry Education
Tor tambra and Tor tambroides Distributed Methods: Analysis on the Variance in
Centre, Puchong, Selangor with Notes on
in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia Commercial Fish Landing Size in Perlis
The Occurrences of Invasive Species
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 15

29-May-24 FISHERIES-O-078
Wednesday Al Fajar Alam
DNA-O-054
TAXONOMY-O-020 Manifesting the optimal fishing grounds
Inna Puspa Ayu
Vidthayanon Chavalit of Indian Scad (Decapterus russelli)
10.15 am Metabarcoding of Groupers Gut Content
Diversity And Status of Thai Marine Fishes based on logbook data using
for Reef Fish Ecosystem Food Web
With 33 New Record oceanographic parameters and mixed
Reconstruction in Indonesia
layer depth analysis in the Southeastern
Indian Ocean
10.30 am Refreshment and Poster Session
Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium Venue: Seminar Room 1 Venue: Seminar Room 2
Session 11: DNA Barcoding,
Session 10: Taxonomy and Species Session 12: Sustainable Aquaculture
Metabarcoding / Population Genetics,
Checklist and Fisheries
Evolution and Biogeography
Chairperson: Dr. Harutaka Hata Chairperson: Dr. Allyn Duvin Hinoguin
Chairperson: Prof Dr. E Zhang
TAXONOMY-O-021
DNA-O-055 FISHERIES-O-079
Nur Athirah Abd Latiff
Hui Jia Zulfahri H. Siagian
11.00 am An Update Checklist of Marine Fish from
Study on Fish Diversity in the Yangtze Analyzing the Role of Women in Small-
Tok Bali, Kelantan East Coast of
Estuary Based on Environmental DNA Scale Fisheries in Eastern Indonesia
Peninsular Malaysia

DNA-O-056 FISHERIES-O-080
TAXONOMY-O-022
Asadatun Abdullah Cristalina Jalil Marsal
Feng Lin
11.15 am Application of Next Generation Sequencing The Investigation of the Physical-
Phylogeny Of Nemacheilidae Loaches in
Technique for Species Identification of Chemical and Functional Properties of
China and Its Neighboring Regions
Mixed Shark Species in Fishery Products Fish Gelatin from Warm-Water Fish

TAXONOMY-O-023 FISHERIES-O-081
DNA-O-057
Ahmad Multazim Zainal Abidin Muchlisin
Roxanne Cabebe
Elucidating The Taxonomic Status of Ikan Current Research on the Sperm
11.30 am Systematic classification and molecular
Krai (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae: Cryopreservation of Climbing Perch
phylogeny of the genus Parascorpaena
Hypsibarbus) In Malaysia Using Anabas testudineus in Indonesia:
(Bleeker 1876) (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae)
Morphometry and Molecular Approaches Progress and Challenges
DNA-O-058
TAXONOMY-O-024 Wanlada Klangnurak FISHERIES-O-082
Nanda Ulfa Khaira The Recent Survey Confirmed the Nadiah Wan Rasdi
11.45 pm
Traditional Morphometric of Parrotfish in Absence of Hemitrygon akajei in the Gulf Variation of Zooplankton in Timah
Northern Waters of Aceh of Thailand, Insights from Mitochondrial Tasoh Lake and its Potential
DNA Analysis
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 16

FISHERIES-O-083
29-May-24
TAXONOMY-O-025 Shazana Sharir
Wednesday
Chaiwut Grudpan Assessment of Fish Species Diversity
12.00 pm -
Diversity Of Fishes in The Thailand- and Ecology in Kenyir Lake, Malaysia:
Mekong Implications for Fisheries Management
and Conservation
FISHERIES-O-084
Akbar John
TAXONOMY-O-026
Effects of Cadmium and Lead Exposure
Jarungjit Grudpan
12.15 pm - on Glutathione Production in the
Diversity Of Osteochilus spp. In Thailand-
Embryonic Development Stages of
Mekong
Coastal Horseshoe Crab (Tachypleus
gigas)
FISHERIES-O-085
TAXONOMY-O-027 Che Zulkifli Che Ismail
Luqman Hakim Ruzman Exploring Banana Shrimp
12.45 pm Species Diversity Within the Featherback - (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis): A
Fish Genus Chitala (Osteoglossomorpha: Study on Breeding and Farming as an
Notopteridae) In Peninsular Malaysia Alternative Species for Marine Shrimp
Aquaculture in Malaysia
29-May-24 1.00 pm Lunch
Wednesday Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium Venue: Seminar Room 1 Venue: Seminar Room 2
Session 14: Invasive And Alien Species
Session 15: Sustainable Aquaculture
Session 13: Taxonomy and Species / Public Outreach, Citizen Science and
and Fisheries
Checklist Education
Chairperson: Prof. Dr. Jonnada A.V.
Chairperson: TBD Chairperson: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sharifah
Prasada Rao
Aminah Syed Mohamad
Invited Speaker 4: TAXONOMY-SPE004
Assoc. Prof. Yuzine B. Esa Invited Speaker 5: DNA-SPE005 Invited Speaker 6: FISHERIES-
Genetic Characterization and Population Prof. Dr. Nur Fadli SPE006
2.00 am Structure of Eleutheronema (Family
Genetic conservation of commercially Prof. Dr. Wei-Jen Chen
Polynemidae) In the Coastal Waters of
Malaysia Inferred from Sequence Analysis of important reef fishes in Aceh, Indonesia Deep-sea Explorations
COI Gene
FISHERIES-O-086
TAXONOMY-O-028 PUBLIC-O-094
Muhammad Hanif Fadzli
Liang Cao Agavia Kori Rahayu
Size, Sex Ratio, Age and Growth
2.30 pm Assessing fisher community outreach for
A New Species of Oreonectes (Teleostei: Parameters of The Bottlenose Wedgefish
wedgefish and giant guitarfish conservation: a
Nemacheilidae) From Guangdong, China case study in Rembang, Central Java
Rhynchobatus australiae From the East
Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Malaysia
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 17

TAXONOMY-O-029 PUBLIC-O-095 FISHERIES-O-087

29-May-24
Tedjo Sukmono Marsha Hamidah Siti Aisyah Ashaari
Wednesday
Fish Biodiversity in The Batanghari Fisher participation on rhino-rays data Impact of potential diets on marine
2.45 pm
River Watershed, As A Database, The collection and juvenile release: Citizen copepod, Oithona rigida to enhance
Jambi Fish Biodiversity Information science implementation in Rembang, the quality of giant tiger prawn
System Central Java, Indonesia (Penaeus monodon) post-larvae
FISHERIES-O-088
TAXONOMY-O-030 PUBLIC-O-096 Siska Agustina
Christopher Halashon Tambunan Nadya Cakasana Empowering Indigenous Law
3.00 pm Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Movement Heavy Metals Accumulation and Human Communities: A Data-driven Framework
Behavior Towards Tourism Activities in Health Risk Assessment of Fish for TURF Reserve Development by
Botubarani Beach, Gorontalo Consumption in Kendari, Indonesia Werur Customary Community in
Tambrauw, Indonesia
INV-O-097
TAXONOMY-O-031 Mohamed Nisin K. M. N. FISHERIES-O-089
Huy Duc Hoang Predicting the Invasive Potential of Raymie Nurhasan
3.15 pm The Distribution of Brook Barb Poropuntius Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis Estimating Population Dynamics of
(Smith, 1931) From River Drainages in The mossambicus), An Established Indian Lutjanidae Species in Tun Mustapha
Indo-Burma Hotspot Mainland Non-native Fish, in The Park, Sabah, Malaysia
Andaman & Nicobar Islands
TAXONOMY-O-032 INV-O-098 FISHERIES-O-090
Weide Deng Thitipong Panthum Perceval Conder
Dams Interception and Species Invasion Bridging the Genetic Chasm: Satellite DNA Preliminary Study on The Biology and
3.30 pm
Drive Decadal Variation in Fish Fauna in Sequence Divergence Links to Meiotic Stock Status of Lumi- lumi Harpodon
Upper Beijiang River – A Tributary of The Failure in Hybrid Catfish Males of Bighead nehereus; Common Fish Species of
Pearl River, China and North African Catfish Zone a Captured in Sarawak Waters
TAXONOMY-O-033 INV-O-099
FISHERIES-O-091
Chuanbo Guo Suebpong Sa-nguansil
Worapong Singchat
Invasive non-native fishes undermine Effects of Salinity on Survival and Growth
3.45 pm A Genetic and Histological Analysis of
native fishes and ecosystem of Mozambique Tilapia Oreochromis
Testicular Abnormalities in the North
multifunctionality: a multidimensional mossambicus, an alien fish in Songkhla
African Catfish
diversity analysis Lagoon, Thailand
INV-O-100
FISHERIES-O-092
Yonvitner
Fajar Maulana
4.00 pm Strongly Adaptive of Alien Species:
- Giving the fruit extract of the pine
Potential Loss and Increasing Risk of
merkusii in masculinizing tilapia seeds
Native Fishes Species and Riverine
through different methods
Ecosystem in Citarum
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 18

FISHERIES-O-093
INV-O-101
Shinta Yuniarta
4.15 pm - Zeehan Jaafar
Understanding Mini Purse-Seine
Can Hybrid Fishes Naturalise in Coral Reef
Fisheries in Indonesia from Image-
Habitats of Singapore?
based Data
CLOSING CEREMONY
Venue: Murad Mohd Noor Auditorium
4.35 pm Farewell and Thank You Speech by Chairperson ASIIC2024
4.45 pm Best Student Oral / Poster Awards
4.50 pm Announcement of the next ASIIC by Incoming Organising Committee
5.00 pm High Tea – Penang Delights
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 19

POSTER PRESENTATION LIST

Theme: DNA Barcoding and Metabarcoding

Code Title Participant

PO-001 The Feasibility of Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Approach Chen Lin Soo
for Freshwater Fish Biodiversity Monitoring in Kinabalu Park,
Sabah, Malaysia
PO-002 Assessment And Monitoring of Malaysian Peat Swamp Azamuddeen
Biodiversity Using Traditional Surveys and Environmental DNA Nasir
PO-003 Revolutionizing Biodiversity Monitoring: Environmental DNA Siti Khadijah Abd
Analysis in Malaysia's Putrajaya Lake Aziz
PO-004 eDNA Metabarcoding Sheds Light on Fish Community Venus E.
Structure in Philippine Mangroves Leopardas

Theme: Ecology

Code Title Participant

PO-005 Does The Zhenbei Seamount in The South China Sea Harbor Hui Zhang
Distinctive Biodiversity? A Primary Study Based on Edna
Metabarcoding
PO-006 Assessment Of Water Quality for Mollusc Farming in The Mohd Nor Azman
Sungai Merbok Estuary Ayub
PO-007 Fiber-Dominated Microplastic Pollution in Green Mussels and Najihah
Oysters from Sungai Merbok, Kedah Mohamad

Theme: Invasive And Alien Species

Code Title Participant

PO-008 Prioritising The Management of the Aquatic Invasive Alien Haslawati
Species (IAS) In Malaysia: Challenges and Current Research Baharuddin

Theme: Population Genetics, Evolution and Biogeography

Code Title Participant

PO-009 Unraveling Population Dynamics and Diversity of Katsuwonus Noorul Azliana

pelamis And Thunnus albacares in Sabah and Sarawak Waters Jamaludin
Through COI And D-Loop Genes
PO-010 Unravelling Tuna Diversity: Exploring the Unique Populations of Masazurah A
Sabah and Sarawak Through Their Fishy Genes Rahim
PO-011 Conservation Genetics of the Spotted Sardinella (Amblygaster Ong Yunliang
sirm) In Malaysian Waters: A Molecular Approach with Phoebe
Microsatellite Markers
PO-012 Mitochondrial Protein-Coding Genes Are More Variable Than Shengyong Xu
Control Region in The White-Spotted Bamboo Shark
(Chiloscyllium plagiosum)
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 20

Theme: Sustainable Aquaculture and Fisheries

Code Title Participant

PO-013 Reproductive And Physiological Responses of Blue Fahd Hallak
Gourami Trichopodus trichoprerus Towards High
Environmental Temperatures
PO-014 A Study of Mortality-Driven Losses in Reported Diagnostic Liyana Binti Ramli
Cases to The Fisheries Research Institute (2010-2020)
PO-015 A Study on Population Dynamics of Pacific Bluefin Tuna Yu-Wen Lin
Around Taiwan In The Past 13 Years
PO-016 The Assessment of Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) Sallehudin Jamon
Stock in The Waters Off Western Sabah: Implications for
Sustainable Management
PO-017 Modification In Closed-Fishing Management for Blue Sprat Li-Chi Cheng
(Spratelloides gracilis) In Waters of Central Taiwan Strait
PO-018 Captive Breeding of Native Betta Species in Malaysia from Poh Chiang Chew
Wild Stocks
PO-019 Preliminary Survey of Fishing Gears in Sarawak Mohd Samsul
Rohizad Maidin
PO-020 The Importance of Fisheries as An Ecosystem Service in Haslawati
The Kerian River Basin, Perak, Malaysia to Support Baharuddin
Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management
PO-021 Comparison Of Different Salinities Exposure on Blood Muhammad Farouk
Cockle, Tegillarca granosa Growth Harman
PO-022 Effect Of Different Carbon Sources in Biofloc Application on Noor Faizah Ismail
The Growth Performance of Oreochromis Spp.
PO-023 A Draft Genome Assembly of The Malaysian Pangasiid, Siti Amalia Aisyah
Pangasius nasutus (Siluriformes: Pangasiidae) Abdul Halim
PO-024 First Report on Argulus sp. Infestation in The Domesticated Iftikhar Ahmad Bin
Malayan River Catfish, Hemibagrus capitulum (Popta, 1906) Abdul Rafi
Adult Stage in Malaysia

Theme: Taxonomy And Species Checklist

Code Title Participant

PO-025 Gymnothorax longinquus (Whitley, 1948) (Anguilliformes, Danial Hariz Zainal
Muraenidae), Long Moray: A First Record from Malaysia Abidin
PO-026 An Annotated Checklist of Commercial Marine Prawns in Abdul Han Nurridan
Sarawak Waters
PO-027 The First Checklist and Abundant of Coral Reef Fish on Jirasin Limpichat
Underwater Pinnacle in The Inner Gulf of Thailand
PO-028 A New Species of Bumblebee Goby, Brachygobius, From Matthew Kase
Thailand
PO-029 Identification Of Pluang Chomphu Fish (Tor tambra) From Panchalika
Thailand by PCR-RFLP Deachamag
PO-030 A Preliminary Study on The Catch Composition of Vessels Hans Hassan
Operating in The C2 Fishing Zone of Peninsular Malaysia
PO-031 Distribution And Biology of Juvenile Grouper (Serranidae) In Mohd Nur Aminullah
Kota Tinggi Waters, East Johor Abu Bakar
PO-032 Otolith Size Versus Length-Weight Relationships of Asian Kar-Hoe Loh
Arowana (Scleropages formosus) In Bukit Merah, Malaysia
PO-033 Diversity And Distribution of Wild Betta in Peninsular Amirah Fatihah Md
Malaysia Nordin
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 21

PO-034 Remarkable Rediscovery of The Mahseer Tor neilli (Day), Jonnada Ananda
And the Identity Tor mussullah Sensu Hora from Peninsular Vara Prasada Rao
India
PO-035 Facing Invasion, How to Save The Marine Fisheries Li Jun
Ecosystem from A Persistently Escaping Alien Competitor
Sciaenops ocellatus?
PO-036 Microstructures Characterization of Scales from Farah Ayuni
Barbonymus sp. Using Scanning Electron Microscope Farinordin
(SEM)
PO-037 The Indo-Pacific Fish Conference (IPFC) Zeehan Jaafar
PO-038 Charting New Depths: A New Look at The Diversity of Jamsari Amirul
Freshwater Fishes in Peninsular Malaysia Using an Firdaus Jamaluddin
Integrative Approach
Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 22

ABSTRACT

 Keynote Lecture
 Plenary Sessions
 Invited Speakers
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 23

KEYNOTE LECTURE

KEY001

Encheloclarias – a cryptic acid-water catfish from Sundaland, a critical

update
Tan Heok Hui*

Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive,
117377, Singapore
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The genus Encheloclarias (Family Clariidae) is not well represented in museum

collections. Prior to 1990s, only four specimens were known, and was thought to be a
monospecific genus – Encheloclarias tapeinopterus. In 1993, Ng & Lim revised the
genus and added four new species – E. baculum, E. prolatus, E. curtisoma and E.
kelioides. Subsequently, two other species were described – E. velatus in 2000, and E.
medialis in 2012. In 2023, E. kelioides was discovered in Singapore; and E. baculum
was located in Brunei Darussalam. This present talk will provide details, discoveries
and distributional additions and biological notes. The taxon Encheloclarias is not
delimited to peat swamp habitats, but also include acid-water swamps.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 24

PLENARY SESSION 1

PLEN001

Access for All: Capturing Biodiversity Collections in 3D with

Photogrammetry

Zachary S. Randall*

Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Photogrammetry is a cost-effective and flexible solution in producing digital

representatives of museum collection objects in 3D. This imaging modality excels at
capturing external morphology while retaining realistic colors and textures in a wide
range of specimen sizes. It utilizes photography and computer software to create high
resolution and scalable 3D models by texturing a polygonal mesh with a series of
overlapped photographs. The Florida Museum has been utilizing photogrammetry as a
new method to increase digital access to its collection objects for research, education,
and outreach. This presentation will discuss imaging projects currently underway at the
Florida Museum which includes 3D modeling of its dry collections, fluid fish
collection, and research collecting sites.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 25

PLENARY SESSION 2

PLEN002

Insights into the biogeography of freshwater fishes of

Peninsular Malaysia

Sébastien Lavoué*
1School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 26

INVITED SPEAKER 1 – SESSION 4

TAXONOMY-SPE001

Chasing the Unknown: Cavefishes

Zhao, Yahui*
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Cavefishes, or hypogean fishes, are a distinctive group of fishes restricted to

subterranean environments for at least for part of their lives. Based on their
troglomorphism, which includes morphological adaptations to the cave environment
such as the reduction or loss of eyes and pigmentation, cavefishes can be divided to
two types: stygobites (troglomorphic) and stygophiles (non-troglomorphic). Southeast
Asia (including South China Karst) is one hotspots in terms of species diversity of
cavefish. China is home to the highest number of cavefish species in the world, with
more than 80 stygobitic species out of about 170 cavefish species. As our fieldwork
continues, more species are being found and described. All of these cavefish species
are endemic to China. With the exception of Onychostoma macrolepis in north China,
all species are found in southwest China, mostly in the karst environment of the
Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Sinocyclocheilus, the largest cavefish genus, has
experienced rapid evolution and diversification. Species from this genus possess horns
and humpbacks (i.e. horn-like structures and hyper development of a dorsal
protuberance similar to a humpback), probably resulting from parallel evolution.
Sympatric distribution of Chinese cavefishes is common, and sometimes several
species are found in the same cave or subterranean river. Caves and karsts are very
fragile, balanced habitats, and cavefish species are extremely sensitive to
environmental change. Threats from rapid economic growth have increased the need
for conservation efforts for cave-dwelling communities in recent decades.
Conservation of Chinese cavefishes is an urgent issue.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 27

INVITED SPEAKER 2 – SESSION 5

DNA-SPE002

Monitoring the structure of reef fish communities within Marine

Protected Areas (MPAs) in Indonesia using eDNA metabarcoding for
environmental biomonitoring
Beginer Subhan1*, Inna Puspa Ayu2, Ni Kadek Dita Cahyani3, Davin Setiamarga4, and
Dondy Arafat2
1 Department of Marine Science and Technology Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
2 Department of Aquqtic Resources Managenent, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
3 Faculty of Science and Mathematic, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
4 Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Wakayama

College, Japan
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Coral reef fish play crucial roles in ecosystems and can indicate ecological health and
resilience. However, traditional underwater visual census methods often miss many
species, leading to underestimations of biodiversity. Environmental DNA (eDNA)
offers a non-invasive and advanced approach to biomonitoring aquatic organisms,
including fish. This study aimed to use eDNA metabarcoding to assess coral fish
communities across different zones of marine protected areas around Lombok Island.
By analyzing water and sediment samples, the study identified 58 fish species using
the mBRAVE pipeline. Species diversity was significantly higher in the core zone
compared to utility and open access zones, while community structure did not vary
significantly between zones. However, NMDS analysis revealed significant differences
in species diversity and abundance between zones. The study suggests that eDNA can
be a valuable tool for monitoring and assessing fish diversity in remote reefs,
complementing traditional survey methods with fewer field requirements and
taxonomic expertise.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 28

INVITED SPEAKER 3 – SESSION 6

ECOLOGY-SPE003

Patterns of Rarity Among Stream-Dwelling Fishes in Peninsular

Malaysia

Amirrudin Ahmad1,2*

1Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Patterns of species richness, distribution and comparative rarity of fishes were

investigated in small stream habitats of Peninsular Malaysia. Fifty such biotopes were
selected with species richness (α-diversity) ranging between 4 and 44. Overall, there
were 103 recorded taxa, largely dominated by representatives of the family Cyprinidae.
Many fishes exhibited discontinuous patterns of distribution and were considered to be
somewhat rare while only a handful were widely distributed and abundant. It was
possible to assign the species recorded to all seven of Rabinowitz’s categories of rarity,
with at least 10 restricted to a single stream and locally scarce, although not all of these
could be described as hyper-endemic. The number of species in each category varied
markedly with those classified as common (category A) representing about 1/3rd of the
total recorded species. Based on comparative incidence, more species were rare than
common. 23 can be ranked among the rarest of all species, comprising those of the
scarce, stenoecious and restricted species (‘n’, ‘u’ and ‘r’ categories) It is recommended
that a sizeable augmentation of the existing protected areas is needed to safeguard
Malaysia’s exceptionally diverse stream-dwelling fauna of which fishes are simply the
most well-known inhabitants.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 29

INVITED SPEAKER 4 – SESSION 13

TAXONOMY-SPE004

Genetic Characterization and Population Structure of

Eleutheronema (Family Polynemidae) in The Coastal Waters of
Malaysia Inferred from Sequence Analysis of Mitochondrial
Cytochrome c Oxidase I (COI) Gene
Yuzine b. Esa1,2 *, and Nurul Atikah binti Wahid1
1 Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang, Selangor
2 International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), UPM, Batu 7, Jalan Kemang Indah
6 Teluk Kemang, 70150 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The threadfin fishes of the genus Eleutheronema are highly commercial and
important capture species in Malaysia. In this study, the genetic differences and
population structure of two threadfin species, E. tetradactylum and E. rhadinum
were determined. A total of 151 threadfin fish samples were collected along the
Malaysian coastal water and analyzed for their genetic identity and population
structure using the mitochondrial COI sequences. The results found a total of 20
haplotypes and BLAST analysis (GenBank and BOLD) identified all haplotypes
into two different taxonomic sequence recognition; 10 haplotypes were identified
as E. tetradactylum and another 10 haplotypes were surprisingly identified as E.
rhadinum. Phylogenetic analysis also grouped them into two different clusters with
strong bootstrap supports corresponding to E. tetradactylum and E. rhadinum,
respectively. Both species, particularly, E. tetradactylum showed low nucleotide
diversity values (0-0.0017) while AMOVA test showed that majority of the
variations were attributed to within population variations. Demographic analysis
through neutrality tests and mismatch analysis (unimodal) showed trend of
population expansion in both species. Mitochondrial DNA analysis had
successfully identified and discriminated all threadfin fish sequences in this study
into two reciprocally monophyletic groups, the common fourfinger threadfin, E.
tetradactylus and surprisingly the identification of the East Asian fourfinger
threadfin, E. rhadinum lineages. The detection of E. rhadinum lineages in this study
was the first report on the occurrence of this species from this region. The low levels
of genetic diversity and demographic expansion models for both species indicates
their current population size reduction thus raise concerns about the need for
sustainable management and conservation plan for both species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 30

INVITED SPEAKER 5 – SESSION 14

DNA-SPE005

Genetic conservation of commercially important reef fishes in Aceh,

Indonesia
Nur Fadli1,2*, Adrian Damora1,2, Zainal Abidin Muchlisin1,2, Haekal Azief Haridhi1,2, Mutia
Ramadhaniaty1,2, Muhammad Nanda Razi1, Nanda Ulfa Khaira1, and Mohd N. Siti-Azizah3

1 Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
3 Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Reef fishes are among the most commercially important marine fishes globally, with
many members under threat of extinction. Even though the groups have high economic
value and market demand, there is still limited information on their molecular
information especially in Aceh region. To address these issues, molecular-based
studies of the groups were conducted in the Aceh. Sampling was conducted in Aceh
region. The study found that Aceh has high reef fish diversity, as revealed by the DNA
barcode. Up to now, we had recorded at least 250 reef fish species in Aceh and has a
significant contribution to the DNA barcode library of Indonesian marine fishes and
the worldwide barcode entries in general. Overall, the molecular data collected from
this study would be beneficial for the future management plan of reef fishes in Aceh,
Indonesia and the Indo-Malaya Archipelago region.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 31

INVITED SPEAKER 6 – SESSION 15

FISHERIES-SPE006

Deep-sea Explorations
Wei-Jen Chen1*, and Sarah Samadi2

1 Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

2 Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The deep sea is by far the largest habitat on earth, occupying more than 90% of the
total volume of the world’s oceans, and a number of new species and unexpected
diversity still await discovery. However, the deep sea has long been thought to be
infertile and such kind of “knowledge” was only challenged by the great historical
expeditions at the end of the 19th century, notably the circumnavigations of the HMS
Challenger (Challenger Expedition of 1872–76). The results of this expedition not only
discovered the Challenger Deep, which is the deepest known point in the Earth's
seabed, but also demonstrated that life is present and diverse at every depth in the
oceans. In today’s presentation, I will first introduce the deep-sea explorations carried
out through our Tropical Deep Sea Benthos program (TDSB). The expeditions under
the TDSB were launched in the early 1980s explored the deep-sea benthos of the
tropical Indo-Pacific with the focus on the golden triangle of marine biodiversity in the
South-Eastern Asia that extends to Taiwan in the North and to New Caledonia in the
South. These expeditions have allowed the establishment of an impressive collection
of tropical deep-sea animals including fishes. Thus, in second half of my presentation,
I will show some advanced results from the research based on this collection and
demonstrate how the obtained data may allow the renewal of the biodiversity, ecology
and evolutionary studies of deep-sea fishes, especially those living on seamounts that
were rather poorly studied before. To end my presentation, I will talk about some issues
emerged in conservation of the deep sea.
Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 32

ABSTRACT

 Oral
Presentations
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 33

TAXONOMY-O-001

Ichthyofauna of the Largest Wetlands of East Peninsular Malaysia, The

Setiu Wetlands and Its Adjacent Waters

Noorhani Syahida Kasim1, Tun Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar2*, Tan Min Pau1, Nur Ilham
Syahadah Mohd Yusoff1, Siti Zafirah Ghazali1, Norli Fauzani Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari1,
Seah Ying Giat2, Nuralif Fakhrullah Mohd Nur2, Mohd. Sharol Ali2, SitiTafzil Meriam
Sheikh Abdul Kadir3, Sébastien Lavoué4, Danial Hariz Zainal Abidin5, Masazurah A.
Rahim6, Noorul Azliana Jamaludin7, Amirrudin Ahmad8, and Siti Azizah Mohd Nor1*

1 Instituteof Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,

21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Malaysia
3 Mangrove Research Unit (MARU), Institute of Oceanography & Environment (INOS), Universiti

Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

4 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
5 Department of Biology Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

6 Fisheries Research Institute, Batu Maung, 11960, Penang, Malaysia
7 Fisheries Research Institute, Kg Acheh, Perak, 32000, Malaysia
8 Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala

Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected], [email protected]

The Setiu Wetlands is the largest natural wetlands ecosystem on the east coast of
Peninsular Malaysia, supporting major ecosystems of marine, freshwater, and brackish
waters. Hence, it is invaluable as an area of ecological and biodiversity importance.
Fisheries and related activities are the mainstay of the local community socio-economy,
and therefore managing its resources is vital. This paper describes an updated checklist
of fish species in the wetlands based on surveys of the Setiu Wetlands and its adjacent
waters conducted from January 2022 to March 2023. It is a part of a larger conservation
programme for this biodiversity hotspot. The checklist comprises a total of 142 species
belonging to two classes, 25 orders, 60 families, and 108 genera. Of 142 fish species,
seven individuals could only be identified at the genus level. The richest order is
Perciformes, with 24 species, representing 16.9% of the total recorded species,
followed by Gobiiformes with 20 (14.1%), Siluriformes and Cypriniformes with 13
(9.2%) each, Anabantiformes 12 (8.5%), Acanthuriformes 10 (7.4%), and
Clupeiformes 8 (5.6%) of the total recorded species. The other orders are represented
by less than eight species each. Two species from the family Dasyatidae (Order
Myliobatiformes)—Himantura uarnak (Gmelin, 1789) and Brevitrygon walga (Müller
& Henle, 1841)—are listed as "Vulnerable (VU)" and "Near Threatened (NT)",
respectively. The remaining species are categorised as either "Not Evaluated (NE),"
"Data Deficient (DD)," or "Least Concern (LC)." The DD and NE categories call for
more taxonomic studies to bridge the knowledge gaps. The presence of three
introduced species in the natural waters is of some concern. Thus, this updated checklist
lays a sound foundation for the conservation of fish diversity in Setiu Wetlands, with
its important biological and fisheries functions.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 34

TAXONOMY-O-002

Progress Notes on Emperors Exploration from the East Coast of

Peninsular Malaysia
Siti Asmal Mat Piah1, Li Lian Wong2, and Ying Giat Seah1,3*

1 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Institute Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
3 South China Sea Repository and Reference Centre, Institute Oceanography and Environment, Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Fish are fascinating aquatic creatures that display a wide range of characteristics,
including variations in colors, shapes, and sizes. Emperors, also known as "ikan
landuk," are particularly significant because they represent complex tropical marine
fish species and are important commodities in fisheries in Malaysia. However, the
absence of standardized specimen cataloging practices in Malaysia can lead to
potential misidentification and taxonomic confusion, especially when identifying
preserved fish affected by discoloration. To tackle this issue, integrative taxonomic
review methods using comparative morphological traits and DNA barcoding
techniques were employed to elucidate the variability among different emperor
species. Current research project has collected a total of 11 emperor species from fish
landing ports managed by Lembaga Kemajuan Ikan Malaysia (LKIM) along the east
coast of Peninsular Malaysia. These species comprise three from the genus
Gymnocranius and eight from the genus Lethrinus. This research has notably
expanded our understanding by documenting two species, Lethrinus olivaceus and
Lethrinus semicinctus, previously known to exist in East Malaysia, with the former
also found in the Strait of Malacca. Both species extending its distribution range to
the northern region of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Furthermore, species
such as Lethrinus genivittatus and Lethrinus ornatus, initially discovered in Johor,
southern Peninsular Malaysia, have been found to extend their range to Kelantan.
This research provides valuable insights for distinguishing among the emperor
species based on morphometric measurements and meristic counts, aiding in more
accurate taxonomic classification and fisheries management strategies.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 35

TAXONOMY-O-003

Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a New Species of Glass-perchlet, Genus

Ambassis (Teleostei: Ambassidae) from Peninsular Malaysia
Siti Zafirah Ghazali1*, Sébastien Lavoué2, and Siti Azizah Mohd Nor1,2

1 Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia.
2 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The genus Ambassis is a well-known yet poorly studied group with taxonomic
confusion. Due to subtle morphological differences, identification of several Ambassis
species is often difficult. In this study, our initial morphological examination of 260
specimens revealed the presence of seven species, identified as Ambassis dussumieri,
Ambassis interrupta, Ambassis kopsii, Ambassis macracanthus, Ambassis nalua,
Ambassis urotaenia and Ambassis vachellii. Subsequently, we sequenced the barcode
fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for 122
specimens, encompassing all seven morpho-species. Automatic species delimitation
methods recovered nine Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) with A.
nalua and A. interrupta each comprising two MOTUs. Morphological re-examination
of A. nalua reveals the presence of a new species; both species have bodies about twice
as long as deep, continuous lateral line, no nasal spine and two transverse scale rows
on cheek. However, the new species is distinguishable from A. nalua by having second
anal-fin ray shorter than third one (vs. equal or longer), 15–17 gill rakers on lower limb
of first branchial arch (vs. 19–21), more predorsal scale count (13 or 14) (vs. 11 or 12,
modally 12), and lower margin of interopercle and preorbital ridge smooth (vs. serrate).
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 36

TAXONOMY-O-004

Revisiting type localities of freshwater fishes in Terengganu, Malaysia;

A current understanding
Mohamad Aqmal-Naser1*, Muhammad Arif Ab Malek1, Fareeq Hakimi bin Ahmad
Tarmidi1, and Amirrudin Ahmad1,2

1 Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The accurate assessment of the threatened and poorly known freshwater fish species is
highly difficult and poses one of the greatest challenges in species conservation. This
study aims to determine the status of fish species at their type localities in Terengganu,
for the threatened and data-deficient species. Of the 12 species, two are endemic
species to Terengganu namely Clarias sulcatus (Critically Endangered), and
Nanobagrus lemniscatus (Vulnerable) while Parosphromenus paludicola is
Endangered. Betta stigmosa and Pangio alcoides are assessed as Data Deficient, while
the other seven species are in the Least Concern category. A total of 30 study sites have
been surveyed and repeated for sample collection including streams, swamps and
Redang Island in Terengganu, using multiple sampling gears. Despite highly diverse
fish species in some of the sites, the majority of targeted fish species are either absent
or low in number. We discuss the interesting findings from the study including the
abundance of targeted fish species, fish species checklist, and threats towards the
freshwater fish in their type locality.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 37

TAXONOMY-O-005

Checklist of marine fishes in the Beibu Gulf: Fish classification,

resource protection, and biodiversity challenge
Zhisen Luo1, Murong Yi1, Xiaodong Yang1, Xiao Chen2, Jinxi Wang1, Changping Jiang1,
Fengming Liu1, Konglan Luo1, Xiongbo He1, Hung-Du Lin3*, Bin Kang4, and Yunrong
Yan1,5*
1 College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
2 Collegeof Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
3 Affiliated School of National Tainan First Senior High School, Tainan, Taiwan, China
4 Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
5 Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Far Sea Fisheries Management and

Fishing of South China Sea, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected], [email protected]

This study analyzed marine fish diversity in the Beibu Gulf, located in the northwestern
of the South China Sea, from 2014 to 2022, using various methods including cruise
surveys, port and harbor inspections, underwater survey techniques, and data from
literatures, books and databases. It identified 1,059 fish species across 40 orders, 166
families, and 503 genera. Acanthuriformes displayed the highest diversity, followed by
Carangiformes and Perciformes. Notably, eight alien species were found in the Beibu
Gulf. The IUCN Red List assessment revealed 51 threatened species, primarily
cartilaginous fish. Taxonomic changes affected 88.70% of species due to classification
adjustments, misidentifications, and junior synonymy. This study contributed new
data, including one additional order, six new families, 34 new genera, and 81 new
species, emphasizing the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems. Fish diversity in the
Beibu Gulf was relatively lower than the broader South China Sea, attributed to limited
habitats and survey methods. Different survey methods, such as gill nets, trap nets, and
underwater cameras, yielded varying results. Ocean currents may have transported
deep-sea species into the Beibu Gulf, leading to accidental recordings. Research gaps
exist in unexplored areas, warranting further investigation. In conclusion, the Beibu
Gulf hosts significant marine biodiversity, but taxonomic challenges and undiscovered
species require ongoing research and conservation efforts.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 38

TAXONOMY-O-006

Species diversity of the triplefin genus Enneapterygius (Perciformes:

Tripterygiidae) in Japan
Yuna Dewa1*, and Hiroyuki Motomura2

1 The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan
2 Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The genus Enneapterygius Rüppell, 1835 (Perciformes: Tripterygiidae), the most

speciose group in the family Tripterygiidae, currently includes 67 valid species. They
are widely distributed in tropical to temperate Indo-Pacific waters, and inhabiting
intertidal rock pools or subtidal rocky or coral reefs, although a few species occur in
the deep sea. In his review of the Japanese tripterygiid fishes, Hayashi (2013) reported
17 species of Enneapterygius from Japanese waters. Subsequently, four new species of
the genus were described, and two species were newly recorded from Japan. In
Japanese waters, an Indo-Pacific widespread species Enneapterygius tutuilae Jordan
and Seale, 1906 occurs only around oceanic islands. Morphological and molecular
examinations in this study revealed that Japanese specimens of E. tutuilae include five
distinct species: Enneapterygius sp. 1 (widely collected from the Ryukyu Islands), E.
sp. 2 (Amami Islands), E. sp. 3 (only from the Izu and Ogasawara islands), E. sp. 4
(Yaku-shima and Okinawa-jima islands), and E. sp. 5 (only from Yaku-shima island).
The five species are distinguished from each other by some morphometrics and
coloration. Furthermore, each species is confirmed to be formed a monophyletic clade
on the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on COI. Detailed intraspecific
variations of the species and ecological information are provided in this study. The
present study brings the total number of the species of Enneapterygius recorded from
Japanese waters to 25.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 39

TAXONOMY-O-007

Exploring fish diversity and conservation in the Pearl River basin of

East Asia using global fish databases
Wei Zhou1*, Xu Li1, and Jian Yang2

1 Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, 300
Bailongsi Road, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China
2 Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Nanning Normal University,
Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

In order to study the composition and characteristics of fish diversity of the Pearl River
basin and determine key conservation targets, it was necessary to have a fish list of the
basin. Exploring the services that two of the biggest fish databases, FishBase and
Eschmeyer's catalog of fishes, could provide for the study of fish diversity in the basin.
Based on two fish databases, combined with literatures related to the Pearl River basin,
a fish list was formed. The main taxa (order, family, and genus) of the fish fauna in the
basin was obtained by the traditional fish fauna analysis (TFFA) method, and the
characteristic taxa of fish fauna was obtained by the value of fish fauna presence
(VFFP) method. Based on the distribution of families and genera with high VFFP
scores, their distribution patterns were gained. In total, 632 fish species, belonging to
209 genera, 67 families (subfamilies), and 19 orders, were recorded from the basin. A
total of 17 families/subfamilies were selected by TFFA method, that formed the main
taxa in the basin. While selecting the genera with a VFFP scores greater than 60%, a
total of 70 genera were selected. About half of these genera were distributed only in
the Pearl River basin, or adjacent basins. The Pearl River basin sits on the boundary
between the fish fauna of Southeast Asia and that of East Asia, although it has a
stronger similarity to that of East Asia. The VFFP scores could be used as an indicator
of fish diversity characteristics and key conservation targets in the basin. If FishBase
and Eschmeyer's catalog of fishes can provide a way of searching for the fish species
in a particular basin, their applicability will be greatly expanded.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 40

TAXONOMY-O-008

Tachysurus wuyueensis (Teleostei, Bagridae), a new species of catfish

from the Qiantang-Jiang basin, southeast China
Wei-Han Shao*, and Jia-Jun Zhou

Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Tachysurus wuyueensis, new species, is described from the Qiantang-Jiang basin,

situated in Suichang County, Zhejiang Province and Xiuning County, Anhui Province,
South China, the coastal basin drains into the East China Sea. The new species belongs
to the T. pratti-T. truncatus group within the genus Tachysurus defined by having a
smooth anterior margin of the pectoral-fin spine, short maxillary barbels not extending
beyond the base of the pectoral-fin spine, short dorsal spine not exceeding two thirds
of head length and an emarginated caudal fin. This new species is distinct from all other
species of this group, Tachysurus pratti (Gunther 1892), T. truncatus (Regan 1913), T.
gracilis (Li, Chen & Chan 2005) and T. brachydhrbdion (Cheng, Ishihara & Zhang
2008), in having a shorter prepelvic body (length 40.0-46.4% of SL vs. 45.8-54.8%).
It further differs from T. pratti, T. truncatus and T. gracilis in having more vertebrae
(45-47 vs. 37-44) and more anal fin rays (21-25 vs. 14–20), from T. brachybdhrbdion
in having a slenderer body (depth 10.1-13.5% of HL vs. 13.1-17.6%). Molecular
phylogeny based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt. b) gene confirms the validity
of T. wuyueensis and the T. pratti-T. truncatus group. Furthermore, this study addresses
the diagnostic traits distinguishing the T. pratti-T. truncatus group from the T. tenuis-
T. crassilabris group which have historically been treated as a single species group due
to morphological similarities.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 41

TAXONOMY-O-009

Comparative Anatomy of the Skull Roof Reveals Evolutionary Origins

of the Head Horn Structure in Cave-dwelling Golden-line Barbel
Species

Wenjing Yi, and E Zhang*

Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study examines the diverse Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) fish

species found in the karst regions of southwestern China, noting their unique cranial
horn structures on the skull roof. Although distinct horn types have been identified
based on their external features, the mechanisms behind their differentiation remain
elusive. Utilizing X-ray microtomography, an anatomical analysis of the skulls from 6
species representing the horned group--S. altishoulderus, S. angularis, S. aquihornes,
S. bicornutus, S. rhinocerous, and S. zhenfengensis—was conducted. The results reveal
a close relationship between the morphological differentiation of the horns and the
presence as well as the prominence of ridge-like protrusions on the parietal bone
surface. Specifically, a direct correlation was observed between the height of the
parietal ridge and the length of the horn. Moreover, the analysis uncovered a strong
association between skull roof development and the formation of the cephalic lateral
line system, emphasizing the significance of the protrusions of the parietal ridge and
the elevation of the supratemporal (ST) canal. Notably, the unicorn and bicorn horn
types correspond to central and bilateral elevations of the ST canal, respectively.
Overall, these findings not only enhance the understanding of the anatomical
interconnections and potential evolutionary origins of head horn variations within this
group of fishes, but also shed light on their remarkable adaptation and rapid evolution
in extreme cave environments.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 42

TAXONOMY-O-010

Metazoan parasites of the narrow-barred Spanish mackerel

(Scomberomorus commerson Lacepède, 1800) across Indonesia as a
potential proxy for stock discrimination and its management
implications
Heidi Retnoningtyas1,3*, Irfan Yulianto2,3, Budy Wiryawan2,3, Toni Ruchimat3,4, Gunarto
Latama5, Sonja Kleinertz1. Harry W. Palm1,6

1 Aquaculture and Sea-Ranching, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock,
Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
2 Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor,
West Java, Indonesia
3 Fisheries Resources Center of Indonesia – Rekam Nusantara Foundation, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.
4 State College of Fisheries Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
5 Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries – Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
6 Faculty of Veterinary Sciences – Udayana University, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The narrow-barred Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus commerson Lacepède, 1800, is

a pelagic species distributed mainly in tropical waters, including the Indonesian
archipelago. Despite being commonly known as migratory, this species also signals
local stock formation. This study aims to investigate the metazoan parasite composition
of S. commerson from the northern and southern Java coasts and compare the results
with an earlier study conducted in Sulawesi waters to identify possible different stocks
in Indonesian waters. Of 13 parasite species selected as the means of comparison,
Monogenea was commonly found and prevalent at all sites of all species groups. Multi-
dimensional scaling (MDS) plots, which were applied to visualize the distribution of
hosts based on parasites’ mean abundance, show that parasites composition of host
samples from the northern Java coast indicated distinct populations from the southern
Java coast, and both of them were separated from the Sulawesi stock. The
trypanorhynch cestode Callitetrarhynchus gracilis Pintner, 1931 was highly abundant
only on the northern Java coast, which differed from all other sites. A seasonal
occurrence of S. commerson on the northern Java coast indicates that the species was
migrating and not permanently inhabiting the area. The present study demonstrates that
local stock formations occur across the Indonesian archipelago, requiring a
comprehensive stock assessment of this species in the respective fisheries management
area(s) in the future. While molecular and otolith isotopes can inform the gene pool
and recruitment cohorts, the parasite fauna provides further insights into this fish’s
movement and migration patterns.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 43

TAXONOMY-O-011

Taxonomic Review of “Corythoichthys flavofasciatus”

(Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae)

Daijiro Yuki1*, Hiromitsu Endo2 and Hiroyuki Motomura3

1 The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
2 Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
3 The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Pipefishes of the genus Corythoichthys Kaup, 1853 are common inhabitants of Indo-
Pacific coral reefs. The genus is composed of 19 nominal species, including 11 valid
species. Three nominal species, C. conspicillatus (Jenyns, 1842) (type locality: Tahiti),
C. sealei Jordan and Starks, 1906 (Samoa), and C. serrulifer Fowler, 1938 (Tahiti),
have long been considered to be junior synonyms of C. flavofasciatus (Rüppell, 1838)
(Egypt). Recently, C. conspicillatus has often been treated as a valid species but
morphological features of the species have never been provided. Examination of 172
specimens previously identified as "C. flavofasciatus" reveals that the Red Sea
specimens are distinguished from other Indo-Pacific ones by three meristics: tail rings
(34–35 in the Red Sea vs. 36–38 in other localities of the Indo-Pacific waters), dorsal-
fin rays (29–30 vs. 30–33), and subdorsal rings (6.0–6.25 vs. 6.5–7.0). The former
agrees with C. flavofasciatus and the latter with C. conspicillatus. Two nominal
species, C. sealei and C. serrulifer, are regarded here as junior synonyms of C.
conspicillatus, instead of C. flavofasciatus. Whereas C. flavofasciatus and C.
conspicillatus have more than 18 brownish bands on the body sides, the Chagos
Archipelago specimens have 12 to 14 blotches, suggesting an undescribed species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 44

TAXONOMY-O-012

Taxonomic review on the genus Microphysogobio (Cypriniformes:

Gobionidae)
Zhixian Sun1,2, Wenqiao Tang2, Yahui Zhao1*

1 Insititute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

2 Shanghai Ocean University

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The genus Microphysogobio Mori, 1934 is a group of small benthic freshwater fishes
widely distributed in East Asia from far-east Russia to northern Vietnam. This genus
includes over thirty valid species, of which approximately twenty-four are distributed
in China. The species within this genus has small posterior chamber of the air-bladder,
horny-sheathed jaws, developed papillae on lips, three-lobed lower lip which lateral
lobes posteriorly disconnected from each other behind medial pad. In our taxonomic
revision, the holotype of the type species M. hsinglungshanensis Mori, 1934 was re-
discovered and the genus characteristics were redefined; two new species, M.
oujiangensis Sun & Zhao 2022 and M. punctatus Sun & Zhao (unpublished), were
discovered; and one species, M. bicolor (Nichols, 1930), was revalided. The rapid
diversification of Microphysogobio species during the process of benthic adaptation
can be regarded as a microcosm of long-term adaptive radiation in fishes of Northeast
Asia.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 45

TAXONOMY-O-013

Chinese medicinal herbs produce 100% male tilapia with supermale

YY genotype
Thian Hai Chung1, Mohammad Bodrul Munir2*, and Roslianah Asdari1
1 Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak,
Malaysia
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali, Sinaut Campus, Tutong TB1741, Brunei Darussalam
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Oreochromis niloticus is a commercial species that contributes significantly to

worldwide fisheries production, particularly in the economic sector. Farmers prefer to
breed male tilapia because they grow faster. As a result, they used 17-methyl
testosterone, which has traditionally been used for sex reversal. It harms both humans
and the surrounding ecosystem. The current study sought to employ four
concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) of Chinese medicinal herb mixed powder as
a natural hormone in designed tilapia feed to create 100% male tilapia with supermale
offspring in the F3 generation. Four experimental diets were coated with Chinese
medicinal herbs. The F0 generation was found by crossing wild male and female
tilapia, and the progeny were given these four meals until they became broodstock for
tilapia. Feeding broodstocks were named F1, with a 50:50 mix of male and female
tilapia, and they were crossed to generate F2, with 75% male and 25% female tilapia.
There were no significant findings in 0%, 1%, or 1.5% of the herbal samples. The F2
progeny were given formulated probiotics until they reached adulthood, when they
were bred between male and female to produce the F3 generation (100% male). Each
generation's sex was authenticated via orphological and meristic identification, as well
as a barcode. The F3 generation was then subjected to molecular sex determination,
which revealed that all males had the supermale genotype. As a result, 0.5% of Chinese
herbal herbs can be used as a natural hormone to produce 100% male, supermale
progeny.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 46

TAXONOMY-O-014

Type Specimens and Original Descriptions Matter: new insights into

the taxonomy of the twelve freshwater carps

Xiao Chen1,2, Man Wang2, E Zhang2*

1 College of Animal Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
2 Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study presents a revision of the taxonomy of 12 freshwater carps, a group of

phenotypically distinct fish with mainly parapatric distributions around a large part of
the Asian region. Morphological traits and molecular evidence are combined to
redefine species limits. Type specimens from natural history museums are examined
to objectively link available names to the morphologically defined lineages. Archival
documents are studied to clarify the exact composition of the type series and provide
further evidence for the identification of lost types. The study supports the recognition
of eight species-level taxa, including the eight-barbel gudgeons (Gobiobotia nicholsi,
G. intermedia, and G. fukiensis), and cultrin fishes (Culter abramoides, C.
hypselonotus, C. pekinensis, C. exiquus, and C. kashinensis). The specific status of
Gobiobotia pappenheimi, G. yuanjiangensis, Xenophysogobio boulengeri, and Culter
oxycephalus is also examined based on our analysis of type materials or molecular
evidence. The relationships within the genera Gobiobotia and Culter are clarified,
respectively. Additionally, the study provides a taxonomic explanation for the absence
of records of three eight-barbel gudgeons and six cultrin fishes for at least half a
century. The significance of reviewing type specimens and consulting the literature
containing the original descriptions is emphasized in the study.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 47

TAXONOMY-O-015

Taxonomic Revisions of Confusing Genera of Southeast Asian

Xenocyprididae
Lawrence M. Page1*, Weerapongse Tangjitjaroen2, Jirasin Limpichat3,
Zachary S. Randall1, David A. Boyd4, and Sampan Tongnunui5
1
Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida, USA
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
3
Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
4
Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
5
Department of Conservation Biology, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi, Thailand
*
Correspondence email: [email protected]

The taxonomy of Parachela and Paralaubuca (Xenocyprididae) has been confused

since the original descriptions of species in these genera in the middle 1800s. The
confusion has resulted primarily from poor original descriptions, with most based
on only one specimen, and the lack of appreciation for the substantial intraspecific
variation in morphological characteristics, including meristic counts and body
shape. Molecular data (mt COI and nuclear Rag1) and morphological data on 401
specimens of Parachela and 335 specimens of Paralaubuca from throughout the
ranges of the two genera result in the recognition of eight species of Parachela
(including two newly discovered species) and only two species of Paralaubuca.
Valid names are Parachela cyanea, P. hypophthalmus, P. ingerkongi, P. johorensis,
P. melanosticta, P. microlepis, P. oxygastroides, and P. williaminae, and
Paralaubuca typus and P. harmandi. Distinguishing characteristics and geographic
distributions of all species are discussed.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 48

TAXONOMY-O-016

Elucidating the identity of Rasbora notura-paviana-vulgaris species

complex from Peninsular Malaysia through traditional morphometrics
and meristic

Mohammad Mirza-Zulhilmi1, Mohamad Aqmal-Naser2, and Amirrudin Ahmad1,2*

1 Faculty of Marine Science and Environment (FSSM), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia.
2 Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Conventional approaches have been utilised extensively in the studies of Rasbora spp.
This approach was utilised even after the application of a more advance studies such
as modern approaches and molecular. This is due to the fundamental of morphologies
in determining species identity. Conventional approaches are utilised to further
elucidate and determine the identity of the Rasbora notura-paviana-vulgaris species
complex. The application determined that the five species complex are comprised of
four separate species; the R. notura, R. paviana, R. vulgaris and the unconfirmed
species R. cf. paviana. All four species are distinguishable based on morphologies,
meristic counts, and morphometric measurements. R. notura was determined to exhibit
geographical polymorphism. Both polymorphic co-exist within the southeastern region
of Terengganu and Kelantan.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 49

TAXONOMY-O-017

An undescribed species of rainbow sardine genus Dussumieria

(Teleostei: Clupeiformes: Dussumieriidae) from New Guinea and
Australia
Harutaka Hata1*, Sébastien Lavoué2, Sharon A. Appleyard3, and John J. Pogonoski3

1 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA

2 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
3 Australian National Fish Collection, CSIRO, Tasmania, Australia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

During a revisionary study of the genus Dussumieria (Clupeiformes: Dussumieriidae),

34 un-identified specimens of the genus were collected from the southern coast of
Papua New Guinea and northern coast of Australia. The unique combination of
characters including forms of body scales (numerous longitudinal striae on posterior
part), teeth on mouth roof (numerous rows of conical teeth on anterior parts of palatine
and pterygoids forming a band), deep body, low number of gill rakers, and several
proportional measurements separate the new species from all other congeners. The
validity of the undescribed species is further evaluated by comparing four sequence
barcodes (three of them newly determined for this study) of the mitochondrial DNA
(mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of this species with 35 of seven other valid
species of Dussumieria. A comparative genetic analysis confirmed the validity of the
undescribed species which forms a monophyletic group diverging from any congener
by > 8.0% mean uncorrected genetic distances.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 50

TAXONOMY-O-018

A New Species of Stone Loach, Schistura, from the Mae Klong River
Basin, Thailand
David K. Cagle1*, Weerapongse Tangjitjaroen2, Zachary S. Randall1, Matthew R.
Kase1, Sampan Tongnunui3 and Lawrence M. Page1
1
Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida, USA
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
3
Department of Conservation Biology, Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi, Thailand
*
Correspondence email: [email protected]

The family Nemacheilidae, known as the stone loaches, contains approximately 720
species, of which 240 are assigned to the genus Schistura. Species of Schistura
occupy most river drainages in mainland Asia from Pakistan to China. Recent
fieldwork in the Mae Klong River Basin in Thailand, one of the most biodiverse
"hotspots" in Southeast Asia, has led to the discovery of an undescribed species of
Schistura similar morphologically to members of the S. sexcauda group but
differing in meristic counts and color pattern. The new species modally has 8
branched caudal fin rays in both its lower and upper halves, 9½ branched dorsal fin
rays, and 10 pectoral fin rays, as compared with S. sexcauda’s 8 branched lower
caudal fin rays, 9 branched upper caudal fin rays, 8½ branched dorsal fin rays, and
11 pectoral fin rays. The new species is known from only two localities, one in the
Khwae Noi and one in a tributary of the Khwae Noi.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 51

TAXONOMY-O-019

An Updated Checklist of Fish Species in the Sultan Idris Shah Forestry

Education Centre, Puchong, Selangor with Notes on the Occurrences of
Invasive Species
Abdulwakil Olawale Saba1,2*, Muhammad Darwish Nazhan Ismail1, Muhammad Fadhlil
Hakimi Abdull Jamil1, Frasier Hoo Anak Steward1, Muhammad Rasul Abdullah Halim3,
Mohd Lokman Ilham Norhakim5, Mohammad Amirul Faiz Zulkiply1, Kamarulizwan
Kamaruddin5, Fazli Shariff5 and Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal1

1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
2 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, 102101 Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria.
3 Instituteof Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
4 Environmental Management and Conservation Research Unit, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology,

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Pagoh Campus, 84600 Johor, Malaysia.

5 Natural Resources Section, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM

Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study aimed to present an updated fish checklist of the Sultan Idris Shah Forestry
Education Centre (SISFEC), Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia. Utilizing gill nets, cast nets,
scoop nets, baited lines, and electrofisher, fish samples were collected at eight sites
located within SISFEC, including Rasau River, Bohol River, Rasau River tributary,
and several lentic water bodies. There was a total of 29 fish species, representing 13
families of freshwater fish, with the family Danionidae (6 species) dominating the list.
Six non-native fish species were also recorded including Oreochromis niloticus,
Barbonymus gonionotus, Puntigrus tetrazona, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus,
Oreochromis sp. (red) and Poecilia reticulata, which contribute to 20.6% of the species
identified in SISFEC. Despite an increase in the total number of recorded native species
compared to past reports, potential threats from the invasive species persist. Raising
public awareness, regular monitoring, and strict regulation are recommended to ensure
the conservation and sustainable use of SISFEC's aquatic biodiversity.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 52

TAXONOMY-O-020

Diversity and Status of Thai Marine Fishes with 38 New Recorded

Vidthayanon Chavalit1*, Vilasri Veera2, Krajangdara Tassapon 3, Jeewarongkul Jirapong4

Supanuntananont Pavaphon 5, and Vasinopas Thanisorn6

1 SeubNakasathienFoundation 54/26 Bangkasor, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand

2 Department of Zoology Office of Natural Science Research, National Science Museum, Khlong Luang,
Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
3 Department of Fisheries, Thailand
4 Enlive Foundation No 1 Premier Coperate Park Bldg., Soi Premier 2, Sri Nakarint Rd. Praves, Bangkok 10250
5 Kensaku Japanese Restaurant 7/1 Soi Phahon Yothin 4, Bangkok, Thailand

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Thai marine ecosystem consists of three Ecoregions, namely; Andaman Sea coral coast,
Gulf of Thailand and Malacca Strait with 7 major ecosystems: Estuaries, Coral and
rocky reefs, Coastal shores, Continental shelfs, Oceanic and Deep sea. At least 2405
marine fishes (one hagfish, 188 elasmobranches and 2216 bony fishes) or 12.96% of
global marine fishes (18,510), from 3188 Thai ichthyofauna known to date. The recent
surveys for develop checklist of Thai marine fishes found significantly high taxonomic
diversity of 61 Orders 283 Families. A chimaeras Chimaera supapae was newly
described. At least 38 new recorded from Thai waters, with 20 species (5
elasmobranches 15 bony fishes) obtained from several sources, i.e. local fish landings,
local aquarium trades and citizen scientists, namely: Bluntnose six-gill shark
Hexanchus griseus;Variable torpedo ray Torpedo sinuspercisi; three Myliobatid eagle
rays; Indonesian gizzard shad Anodontostoma selangkat; Yellow-striped goatfish,
Parupeneus chrysopleuron; Deepsea bigeye Priacanthus fitchi; Rosy wrasse
Polylepion russelli; 2 Lutjanids snappers; Black Cardinalfish
Apogonichthyoides melas; 3 Balistid triggerfishes and 1 Monacanthid
Paramonacanthus sulcatus; Hoodwinker ocean sunfish Mola tecta; Anthiid
Pseudanthias bimaculatus; 2 Epinephelid groupers. More 18 species from in situ photo
recorded, including; Shortbill spearfish Tetrapturus angustirostris; Spearfish remora
Remora brachyptera; Yellowtail dascyllus Dascyllus flavicaudus; 4 butterflyfishes;
Peppered spinefoot Siganus punctatissimus ; Manybar goatfish Parupeneus
multifasciatus ; 2 knifejaw Oplegnathus fasciatus; O. punctatus; Lesson's thicklip
Plectorhinchus lessonii; Blackblotch Emperor Lethrinus semicinctus; Twotone wrasse
Halichoeres prosopeion; 3 parrotfishes and Ambon scorpionfish Pteroidichthys
amboinensis. Description, general morphometric and meristic, for 20 species with
voucher specimens are provided and deposited in the THNHM (Thai Natural History
Museum) Reference Collection.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 53

TAXONOMY-O-021

An Update Checklist of Marine Fish from Tok Bali, Kelantan East

Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Nur Athirah Abd Latiff1, Ying Giat Seah1,2* and Siti Asmal Mat Piah1
1 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science,Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 South China Sea Respiratory and Reference Centre, Institute Oceanography and Environment, Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Kelantan is one of the biggest contributions to the fisheries sector in the east coast
of Peninsular Malaysia, being the second highest producer of marine fish with a
total production 55083 MT (DOF,2022). LKIM Tok Bali, is the largest fish landing
port center in Kelantan that primarily rely on trawling and purse seine gear used for
commercial marine fisheries activities. This study aims to provide an up-to-date
checklist of fish species inhabiting the waters of Tok Bali, Kelantan Malaysia. Fish
diversity samplings were conducted using a bottom trawl net. The collected voucher
specimens were fixed with 10% formalin later preserved into 70% ethanol and
subsequently deposited to South China Sea Repository and Reference Centre
(RRC). The resulting systematic checklist, supplemented with information IUCN
Red List and FishBase Human Uses, encompasses a comprehensive list of
comprises 265 species belonging to two classes, 33 orders and 85 families. Among
the families, the highest number of species were Carangidae (23), followed closely
by Leiognathidae (20), Apogonidae (12). Additionally, Sciaenidae and
Nemipteridae each account for (11) species. Seven species were identified based on
morphological characteristic with photograph, Callionymus meridionalis,
Coryphaena equiselis, Cynoglossus interruptus, Gymnothorax herrei and
Nuchequula mannusella, which are now documented as new records for East coast
of Peninsular Malaysia from this study. By presenting this updated checklist, the
study contributes valuable knowledge about the fish species present in the Tok Bali
area, thereby benefitting in the fisheries industry and supporting further research in
bio-taxa in the future.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 54

TAXONOMY-O-022

Phylogeny of Nemacheilidae Loaches in China and its Neighboring

Regions
Feng Lin1,2,3, Jian-Bing Lv1,2,3 and Xiao-Yong Chen 1,2*
1 Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
2 Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The family Nemacheilidae (Cypriniformes, Cobitoidei), is a group of small and

medium-sized benthic omnivorous freshwater fishes with varied morphology and
strong adaptive ability. It is widely distributed in Eurasia and northeastern Africa.
Currently, there are about 51 genera and more than 800 species of Nemacheilidae in
the world. In previous phylogenetic studies of the family Nemacheilidae, there have
been significant controversies and disagreements regarding the phylogenetic system of
Nemacheilidae due to incomplete selected taxa. In this study, we sequenced and
downloaded cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (Cyt b), cytochrome c oxidase subunit
(COI), recombination activating gene l (RAG 1), Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding
protein (IRBP) and mitochondrial whole gene (mtDNA) of Nemacheilidae (498
species, 46 genera) in the world. Several phylogenetic trees of the family
Nemacheilidae was reconstructed based on four independent datasets. All phylogenetic
trees indicated that the family Nemachilidae was strongly supported as a monophyletic
group, and could be divided into two major clades and four major subclades. Of the 46
recognized genera in the family Nemacheilidae, 36 genera are monophyletic groups,
supporting the latest classification system of genera within Nemacheilidae. The recent
establishment by taxonomists of the genera Mustura, Rhyacoschistura, Karstsinnectes
and Guinemachilus as valid genera, supporting the restoration of the validity of
Labiatophysa and Acoura. Triplophysa and Oxynoemacheilus both are a paraphyletic
group. Physoschistura, Nemacheilus and Schistura all are a polyphyletic group;
Nemacheilus is a polyphyletic group that can be roughly divided into three taxa groups,
and Schistura is a polyphyletic group that can be roughly divided into five taxa groups.
Integrated phylogenetic and morphological analyses, among the 36 genera recorded in
China and its neighboring regions, 32 genera were valid, Heminoemacheilus was
invalid, but the validity of the genera such as Sectoria, Speonectes and Malihkaia
currently could not be determined.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 55

TAXONOMY-O-023

Elucidating the Taxonomic Status of ikan Krai (Cypriniformes:

Cyprinidae: Hypsibarbus) in Malaysia using Morphometry and
Molecular Approaches
Hafiz, A.M.M.*, Lavoue, S. and Khaironizam M.Z.

School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The cyprinid fish genus Hypsibarbus, locally known as ikan Krai or Kerai are
important as food fishes and ornamental fishes throughout their distributional range
and including in Malaysia. However, a lot of confusion on their identities, and the real
number of species and their exact distribution remained unclear. These confusions halt
the door to further knowledge on their biology, ecology, and ultimately, on their
conservation. Thus, by adopting both morphological and molecular approaches, this
project aims to determine the taxonomic status of ikan Krai (genus Hypsibarbus) in
Malaysia and elucidate species relationships of Hypsibarbus in Malaysia relative to
other Southeast Asian populations. Sampled collected from several rivers namely
Sungai Pahang, Sungai Kelantan, Sungai Perak, and their tributaries were measured,
and morphometry data were analysed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to
detect any grouping among samples based on morphology. PCR conducted for three
targeted gene which are COI, cyt b, and Rp1. Preliminary finding based on
phylogenetic data shows that H. malcolmi and H. birtwistlei reside in a similar clade
which could indicate that they are a single species. Further investigation is still being
conducted to reveal more concrete findings on the confusions regarding the genus.
Proper illustration of taxonomic and systematic of Hypsibarbus from this project are
expected to enhance the knowledge and trigger further research that allow preparation
of effective conservation plans for long-term sustainability.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 56

TAXONOMY-O-024

Traditional Morphometric of Parrotfish in northern waters of Aceh

Nurfadli1, Muchlisin Z.A1, Nanda Ulfa Khaira2*

1 Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
2 Integrated Coastal Resource Management, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Aceh,
Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Aceh waters are surrounded by three large waters, they are Andaman Sea, Indian ocean
and Malacca strait. Differences in current patterns widen the range of distribution and
differences in the geographical location of these three locations causes the variation of
a species. The fishes of the family Scaridae (Rafinesque, 1810), generally known as
parrotfishes, inhabit tropical seas, including the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans.
Parrotfish is one of the herbivorous fish in coral reef ecosystems that has a role in
maintaining the health of coral reefs. The study aims to analyze the proximity of
Parrotfish in northern waters of Aceh using a morphological approach. The benefits of
this research are to provide molecular data base of parrot fish as well as to be able to
know its conservation status for the management of Parrotfish resources in the northern
waters of Aceh. Traditional morphometric measurements using 12 characters
morphometric, which uses 60 fish sample from 5 species of family Scaridae, parrotfish.
The result showed that Scarus rubroviolaceus has 4 similar characters to Scarus
ghobban: ED, HL, CPL and PFL; 4 characters that similar to Scarus niger: ED, HL,
CPL and SNL; and Chlorurus japanensis has 3 similar characters to Scarus niger: CPL,
ED dan PFL. The DFA results also showed that Scarus rubroviolaceus slightly
overlaps with Chlorurus japanensis and Scarus niger overlap with Scarus
Rubroviolaceus.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 57

TAXONOMY-O-025

Diversity of fishes in the Thailand-Mekong

Chaiwut Grudpan*, and Jarungjit Grudpan

Sustainable Fisheries Research Unit, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand 34190
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Thailand-Mekong basin is 181,459km2, 18% of the whole area of the Basin.
The up- dated observation conducted intensively between 2006-2015 granted by
Nagao Natural Environment Foundation with others 3 countries in The Lower
Mekong Basin. 310 species 60 families and 20 Orders were list based on the
voucher specimens at Ubon Ratchathani Natural History Museum of Fisheries
(UNMF), included 383 species were list for Thailand-Mekong in total. Based on
the survey 28 threatened species, 25 introduced species, 14 newly record for the
region and 16 undescribed were found.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 58

TAXONOMY-O-026

Diversity of Osteochilus spp. in Thailand-Mekong

Jarungjit Grudpan*, and Chaiwut Grudpan

Sustainable Fisheries Research Unit, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand 34190
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

During 2005-2016 UbonRatchathani University (UBU) has been accumulated

vouchers specimens of fish for update the current status of fish diversity base on
primary data by intensive observation field surveys in this region under supported
by Nagao Environmental Foundation (NEF). 310 species from 20 orders and 61
families has been found from 600 sampling sites in this area. Cypriniformes is the
majority group in this region 53.9% (167 species) founded. Various ecological
habitat types on the region, the substratum is diverted from gravels, sand stone
terrace, alluvial substratum etc. significantly to the feeding biology of the benthic
fish. Osteochilus are medium to large-sized cyprinids with numerous freshy papillae
lips significantly bottom feeder found 6 species with 1 threatened species and 1
cryptic undescribed species in this region.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 59

TAXONOMY-O-027

Species diversity within the Featherback Fish Genus Chitala

(Osteoglossomorpha: Notopteridae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Luqman Hakim Ruzman1, Jamsari Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin1, Muhammad Rasul
Abdullah Halim2, Tedjo Sukmono3, Khaironizam Md Zain1, Sébastien Lavoué1*

1 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia

2 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Malaysia
3 Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Indonesia
Presenter email: [email protected]

The number and identity of species within the freshwater featherback fish genus
Chitala (Osteoglossomorpha: Notopteridae) in Peninsular Malaysia remain unsettled.
Using a comparative dataset that combines morphological and molecular characters,
we re-examined the species diversity of this genus in the region. We collected 60
specimens and initially grouped them into three distinct categories based on their body
marking patterns. A molecular comparative analysis using the mitochondrial
cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b genes revealed that each group
represents a natural taxon. An automated species partitioning method further
recognized each group as a distinct species. Although a multivariate morphometric
analysis did not fully differentiate each of these three species, our results unequivocally
support the presence of three species of Chitala in Peninsular Malaysia. Comparison
with the original species descriptions and genetic data from additional specimens
collected from neighboring regions enabled us to identify these species as Chitala lopis,
Chitala borneensis, and Chitala ornata. We provide diagnostic characters for each
species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 60

TAXONOMY-O-028

A new species of Oreonectes (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from

Guangdong, China
Liang Cao, and E Zhang*

Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China

* Correspondence email: [email protected]

A new species of the genus Oreonectes is described based on specimens from a karst
cave in Yangchun City, Guangdong Province, China. This species can be distinguished
from its congener species by the following combination of characteristics: completely
degraded eyes, body pigmentation and lateral line complete. Mitochondrial COI-based
phylogenetic trees showed that the new species represents an independent evolutionary
lineage, with uncorrected genetic distances (p-distance) from congeners ranging from
15.6% to 16.4%. Taken together, the morphological and phylogenetic evidence
strongly suggests that this species may represent an hitherto unknown genus, awaiting
further exploration and classification.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 61

TAXONOMY-O-029

Fish Biodiversity in The Batanghari River Watershed, as a Database,

the Jambi Fish Biodiversity Information System
Sukmono T.1*, Kaswari T.2, Pradita E.3, Wulandari T.1, Ghazali S.Z.4, Apriliawati1, and
Musadat5
1 Department Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universits Jambi, Indonesia
2 Department Veterinary, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
3 Department System Information, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
4 Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
5 Resorasi Ekosistem Indonesia, Hutan Harapan, Jambi, Indonesia

*Corresponding email: [email protected]

The condition of fish habitat and water quality of The Batanghari River watershed
in Jambi Province continues to decline due to anthropogenic activities. In the period
1990-2023 there has been a decline in fish fauna biodiversity Batanghari River
watershed more 50%. Sytem infomation biodiversity are needed to monitoring and
identify species accurately. The results research showed that there are 134 species
of fish The Batanghari River watershed, 73 genera and 31 families. Prototype The
Jambi Fish Biodiversity Information System has been developed, call name ber-
Ikan Jambi and can be accessed via http://ikanjambi.unja.ac.id has been registered
with the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia, no
EC002022101452, 7 December 2022.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 62

TAXONOMY-O-030

Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Movement Behavior Towards Tourism

Activities in Botubarani Beach, Gorontalo
Christopher Halashon Tambunan1*, Dietriech G. Bengen1, Nyoman M. N. Natih1, Fahri
Amar2, and Beginer Subhan1

1 Department of Marine Science and Technology, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

2 Association of Coastal and Marine Resources Management, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Whale shark-based tourism is one of the most popular tourist attractions that is
rapidly growing, knowing that some part in Indonesia confirmed as the whale shark
aggregation site. Botubarani beach is confirmed as one of the whale shark
aggregation sites in Indonesia, which local and international tourists most likely to
visit this beach to interact with the whale shark. High-level of tourism activities
overlap with the whale shark appearance site which is closely related to the
anthropogenic activities (e.g. touching). Despite their activity interacting with the
whale shark which affect its behavior, the whale shark behavior towards tourists is
poorly understood in Indonesia. This research is using the stereo-DOV to record
every movement of whale shark while interacting with the tourists. Approximately
554 videos were recorded during two months of observation has been analyzed. The
information of whale shark movement behavior during interaction with tourists is
important for developing ecological evaluation, safe interaction activities practice,
and whale shark tourism. Although whale shark known as the gentle giant, in-water
behavioral observations show disturbed movement behavior namely abrupt
changes, banking, and shuddering. This research showed that there are consistent
whale shark behaviors observed while interacting with the tourists and this may be
beneficial for development of the whale shark’s code of conduct and regulations.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 63

TAXONOMY-O-031

The Distribution of Brook Barb Poropuntius (Smith, 1931) from River

Drainages in the Indo-Burma hotspot
Huy Duc Hoang1,2*, Manh Hung Pham1,2, Ngan Trong Tran1,2, Jean-Dominique Durand3,
Wu Ling4,5, John Pfeiffer6, Xiao-Yong Chen4,5, and Lawrence M. Page7

1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
2 Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
3 IRD, MARBEC (Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD), Montpellier, France
4Southeast Asia Wildlife Biodiversity Research Group, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of S

ciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China

5 Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282,

Myanmar
6 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th and

Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20560, USA

7 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 1659 Museum Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA

*Correspondence email: E-mail: [email protected]

Brook barb Poropuntius occurs in medium size and small rivers and streams, in clear
water with rapid current. With adapt features in restricted habitats; brook barb
Poropuntius is vulnerable to habitat’s changes caused by dam construction, water
pollution, and overfishing. Due to uncertain taxonomy of Poropuntius, its distribution
range has been determined unclearly. To conserve this species, our project will solve
the problem in taxonomy of Poropuntius by molecular analysis to re-investigate its
distribution. Poropuntius is going to be collected from river drainages in the Indo-
Burma biodiversity hotspot and identified by DNA barcoding combining with
morphology approaches to determine the brook barb Poropuntius species. Distribution
areas will be mapped from river drainages where they occur. The information on DNA
sequences and distribution of Poropuntius will be published to GenBank, Boldsystem,
www.fishbase.org and peer-reviewed journal as reference. The data from this study
will assist the managers for its conservation.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 64

TAXONOMY-O-032

Dams interception and Species Invasion Drive Decadal Variation in

Fish Fauna in upper Beijiang river – a tributary of the Pearl River,
China
Weide Deng1,2*

1 Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan

2 College of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Freshwater fishes are threatened by increasing human disturbances. Beijiang river, an

important tributary of the Pearl River which is the third largest river in China, contains
unique fish fauna for the Oriental realm. Samples were collected at 2 sites in Beijiang
river at 2018 to 2020. Due to Dams interception and Species Invasion for forty years,
number of fish species have dramatically declined by 46.7%, including at least 7 Long-
distance migration fishes. Dominant species had changed from flowing and clean water
to still and entrophic water adapting. There are 4 Major invasion species and the most
successful one is Coptodon zillii, which is accounts for more than 30% of the catch by
Rough statistics. People should Pay more attention to the vanished species and try to
Restore some environment for its return.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 65

TAXONOMY-O-033

Invasive non-native fishes undermine native fishes and ecosystem

multifunctionality: a multidimensional diversity analysis

Chuanbo Guo*

State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Anthropogenic-mediated invasions of non-native species are leading to biodiversity

loss in many trophic groups, with specific impacts on a wide range of ecosystem
functions and services. However, the impacts of non-native species on native species
and ecosystem functioning are poorly understood, especially the lack of long-term
studies based on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities analysis. Utilizing
a comprehensive dataset spanning nearly 80 years from Lake Erhai, we have provided
evidence of the long-term impacts of non-native fishes on native fishes by assessing
their effects on taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversities, as well as the
cascading effects on the multifunctional components of the ecosystem, including
productivity, decomposition, and average multifunctionality. As the invasion
intensified, we observed a significant decline in the taxonomic and phylogenetic
diversity of native fishes due to the increasing diversity of non-native species; however,
this trend did not significantly affect the functional diversity of native fishes.
Additionally, the functional community patterns of native fishes responded more
quickly to invasive impacts than did their phylogenetic dimensions, provide new
avenues for predicting ecological impacts of non-native fishes. Our results suggest that
while the increase in non-native fishes directly diminished ecosystem functioning, the
new interactions and resources arising from relationships between non-native and
native fishes actually contributed to enhancing ecosystem functioning. These findings
highlight the complex dynamics between non-native and native species and underscore
the urgent need for long-term, multidimensional diversity studies to effectively
safeguard and sustain ecosystem functioning.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 66

DNA-O-035

Diagnostic Applicability of Mitogenomics in Uncovering Intraspecific

Carangid Diversifications: Insights into Phylogeny, Divergence Time,
and Characterization of Two Cryptic Selaroides leptolepis Mitogenomes
Lorenzo C. Halasan*, and Hsiu-Chin Lin

Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Carangidae is an economically important fish family comprised of 32 genera with more

than 140 circumglobally distributed species. Its members exhibit vast differences in
morphology and lifestyle, thus making them compelling subjects for evolutionary
studies. Recently, more works on carangids have detected the presence of cryptic
lineages through molecular and/or non-molecular techniques. Credited for its inherent
amplification efficiency, mitophylogenomics became effective in opening avenues to
further understand higher-level interrelationships in many fish groups. However, the
mitophylogenomic approach has not yet been widely applied to infer evolutionary
history at the lower-level interrelationships, especially on cryptic representatives. In
this study, we evaluated the diagnostic applicability of mitogenomes in detecting
population-level divergences within Carangidae. Using the mitogenomes, we detected
intraspecific divergences on some taxa, namely Caranx melampygus, Selaroides
leptolepis, Seriola lalandi, Decapterus maruadsi, and Trachurus trachurus, with
divergences highly correspondent to that of their geographic origins. Additionally, a
widespread Pacific arrangement was also detected for S. rivoliana. Our discoveries
were highly corroborative with findings from other Carangidae studies which utilized
different diagnostic markers (e.g., SNPs, microsatellites, morphometrics, parasites).
Dated phylogeny also suggested that intraspecific diversifications occurred during the
Late Neogene. Likewise, we characterized two mitogenomes from different cryptic
lineages of Selaroides leptolepis and revealed that the two mitogenomes were K2P
pairwise=5.58% different from each other. Its genetic compositions included 13
protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a control region. These
findings paved way for future evolutionary insights into the divergence histories of
other fish populations.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 67

DNA-O-036

Developing an Environmental DNA Species-specific Assay to Monitor

Endangered Asian Arowana in Malaysia
Norli Fauzani Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari1,2*, Muhamad Hanif Iryani Adnan2, Sébastien
Lavoué2, Noor Adelyna Mohammed Akib3, and Siti Azizah Mohd Nor1,2

1 Institute
of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia
2 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
3 Centre for Global Sustainability Studies (CGSS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is known as an innovative and promising technique to

document the presence of aquatic species allowing, for example, efficient monitoring
of the populations of endangered species. In this study, we developed a species-specific
qPCR based eDNA method aiming to monitor the presence of Asian arowana
Scleropages formosus (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) in Malaysia. Asian arowana is now
rare in the field because of overexploitation and habitat destruction. It is considered as
one of the most endangered freshwater fish species and listed in the IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species. The development of our eDNA assay included three main parts:
in silico, in vitro and in situ. First, a 163 base pairs fragment of the cytochrome oxidase
subunit I (COI) gene was selected as eDNA marker, and we newly designed a species-
specific primer pair for its PCR amplification. This primer pair was tested and validated
for specificity in silico and in vitro. Then, using these primers, we conducted qPCR-
based eDNA detection from tanks and ponds containing captive specimens of Asian
arowana. Finally, we applied our eDNA method to Lake Muda (Kedah State) which is
known to shelter one of the last populations of Asian arowana from the west side of
Peninsular Malaysia. Results will be discussed and recommendations will be offered.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 68

DNA-O-037

High genetic connectivity of data-deficient yellowfin snapper,

Lutjanus xanthopinnis (Actinopterygii: Eupercaria: Lutjanidae),
from Malaysian waters based on mitochondrial DNA markers
Md Moshiur Rahman1,2, Nur Asma Ariffin 1, Ying Giat Seah1,3, Siti Azizah Mohd Nor4, Tun
Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar1, Nuralif Fakhrullah Mohd Nur1, and Ahasan Habib1*

1 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
3 Fish Division, South China Sea Repository and Reference Centre, Institute of Oceanography and Environment,
University Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysi
4 Institute Marine Biotechnology (IMB), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

We examined the genetic diversity and historical demographics of the Yellowfin

snapper Lutjanus xanthopinnis in coastal waters of Malaysia using the mitochondrial
DNA gene D-loop and Cytochrome b (Cyt-b). A total of 99 (D-loop) and 78 (Cyt-b)
specimens of L. xanthopinnis were sampled from 6 locations within the range of
species distribution along Malaysian coastal waters. Maximum likelihood gene trees
demonstrated that the populations under study had little structure and only a single
panmictic population that lacked internal clades for support. The AMOVA (Analysis
of Molecular Variance) and population pairwise ФST values indicated the lack of
restricted genetic exchange between the study areas. While a high level of haplotype
diversity (D-loop: 0.948-1.000; Cyt-b: 0.542-0.928), low to moderate nucleotide
diversity (D-loop: 0.0095-0.0159; Cyt-b: 0.0022-0.0049) and haplotype network like a
star indicates a recent expansion of L. xanthopinnis populations in Malaysian waters.
However, neutrality and goodness of fit tests confirmed non-significant values. These
data reflect a recent demographic expansion in our study. Furthermore, the BSP
(Bayesian skyline plot) analysis indicated that the population expansion events
occurred during the late Pleistocene. During this epoch, the fluctuation in sea level may
have led to an increase in the abundance of resources and favourable habitats for the
Yellowfin snapper. Finally, this genetic information might help to create sustainable
management strategies for Malaysia and other nearby nations that share the same
waterways.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 69

DNA-O-038

Length-weight relationship and population dynamics of Fringescale

Sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata Valenciennes, 1847) from Malampaya
Sound, Palawan, Philippines
Jesusito A. Vicente*, and Herminie P. Palla

College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University,

Sta. Monica, Puerto Princesa City 5300 Philippines
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The study investigated the growth, mortality, exploitation rate and recruitment of
Fringescale Sardinella (Sardinella fimbriata Valenciennes, 1847) found in Malampaya
Sound, Palawan, Philippines. A total of 1200 samples were collected from April 2023
to March 2024. The relationship between length and weight was expressed as
y=0.0291x2.561 for combined sex, y=0.0404x2.4254 for males, and y=0.0355x2.4856
for females. The resulting b values pinpoint to a negative allometric growth. The
calculated regression model showed a significant association during which the p-values
were below 0.0000 and the r2 values ranged between 0.76 and 0.79. Estimation using
the FISAT II software resulted in an asymptotic length (L∞) = 16.28 cm, growth rate
(K)=0.68 yr-1, maximum length (Lmax)=15.78 cm, theoretical age at birth (t0) = -
0.5515 years and growth performance index (ɸ’) = 2.256. The estimated average total
mortality rate (Z), natural mortality (M), and fishing mortality (F) were 2.69, 1.68, and
1.01 per year, respectively. Recruitment occurs throughout the year and peaks in June.
It can be noted that the exploitation is calculated as 0.38, which is considered lightly
exploited. To have a sustainable population and avoid overfishing, an optimum total
yield (E50) can be set at an exploitation rate of 0.278. The maximum yield (Emax) is
at an exploitation rate of 0.421.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 70

DNA-O-039

Exploring Malaysia’s Offshore Fish Diversity Through DNA Barcoding

Danial Hariz Zainal Abidin1, Siti Azizah Mohd. Nor1,2, Ying Giat Seah3,4, Mohd Sharol Ali3,
Jamsari Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin1, Masazurah A Rahim5, Nur Syafiqa Zulkifly3, Min
Pau Tan2, and Tun Nurul Aimi Mat Jaafar3*
1 Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Instituteof Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
3 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,

Malaysia
4 South China Sea Repository and Reference Centre, Institute Oceanography and Environment, Universiti

Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

5 Fisheries Research Institute, 11960, Batu Maung, Penang, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study uses an integrative strategy that combines DNA barcoding and
morphological identification to clarify the species diversity of fishes in the Exclusive
Economic Zone (EEZ) of Peninsular Malaysia (PM). We concentrated on demersal
survey carried out in the South China Sea off the shore of east coast PM. We reassessed
the diversity of 475 specimens from 16 orders, 41 families, and 93 putative species (92
barcoded morphospecies). A total of three species—Nemipterus balinensoides,
Gymnothorax reevesii, and Synodus hoshinonis—presented as the first specimen-based
record, while four species—Gymnothorax longinquus, Ablabys gymnothorax, Saurida
isarankurai and Oxyurichthys auchenolepis—presented as new records in Malaysian
waters. A total of 95 consensus Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs)
were identified by cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequencing analysis,
outnumbering morphological diversity. The barcode analysis also revealed an
intriguing discovery where multiple MOTUs were identified within a single species
based on morphology. Both intra- and interspecific genetic divergences surpassed 2%,
suggesting significant genetic variations within species groups or possibly the presence
of morphologically cryptic species within our dataset. These findings highlight the
complexity of species delimitation and the value of genetic methods in resolving
taxonomic ambiguities. This study offers valuable perspectives on the fish diversity
along the east coast of PM as well as advancing our knowledge on the genetic diversity,
distribution patterns, and conservation requirements within ecosystems using DNA
barcoding. The expansion of the genetic barcode database generated in this study will
facilitate future molecular taxonomy research.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 71

DNA-O-040

Assessment of Fish eDNA in River Systems and Its Correlation with

Water Quality Parameters
Mita Aprilia1*, Hefni Effendi1,2, and Prita A. Permatasari2

1 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
2 Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a potential tool for monitoring aquatic biodiversity,

particularly in river ecosystems. This study investigated the presence of fish eDNA in
the Ciliwung River, Indonesia, and its correlation with various water quality
parameters, including total suspended solids (TSS), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO),
ammonia, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and
total phosphate (TP). Analysis of the water samples revealed a total of 20 fish species
via eDNA metabarcoding. We identified 14, 5, and 12 fish species at Sites 1, 2, and 3,
respectively. The Shannon index indicated moderate diversity across all sites. Site 1
was characterized by DO, Site 2 by TSS, and Site 3 by ammonia. TP emerged as the
most influential environmental parameter shaping species assemblage, notably
affecting the presence of Amazon sailfin catfish (P. pardalis) at Site 1. Malagarasi
tilapia (O. malagarasi) and Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) as the predominant species
without specific environmental drivers at Site 2. The abundance of dusky millions fish
(Phalloceros sp.) at Site 3 exhibited a strong correlation with high DO levels. These
findings underscore the potential of eDNA analysis as a non-invasive approach for
monitoring fish populations and assessing ecosystem health in freshwater
environments. Understanding the relationship between eDNA and water quality
parameters offers valuable insights into river system dynamics and facilitates the
development of effective conservation and restoration strategies.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 72

DNA-O-041

Genetic diversity and population structure of cultured and wild

barramundi (Lates calcarifer) in Taiwan
Aafaq Nazir1*, Tai-Yuan Chen1, Hong-Chiun Lim1,2, and Jen-Chieh Shiao1

1 Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei City 10617, Taiwan
2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, 08100 Bedong, Kedah,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Barramundi, or Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), is a commercially important food fish

with a wide geographic distribution in the Indo-West Pacific region. Despite its
economic significance, particularly in Taiwan, information on the sources of fertilized
eggs, fry and stock management practices remain largely unavailable. To ensure
sustainable exploitation and effective selective breeding programs, assessing the
genetic diversity and population genetic structure of barramundi is crucial. This study
investigated the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of three cultured
populations (Chiayi-A, Chiayi-B, and Tainan) and one wild-caught population in
Taiwan using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b and microsatellite loci as genetic
markers. The analysis of haplotype network revealed that all populations shared an
ancestral haplotype, yet each population had its own unique haplotype. Notably, the
wild and cultured populations showed the largest genetic distance. However, overall,
the genetic distances among all populations were small and similar. This finding
suggests potential gene exchange, possibly through brook stock exchange practices
between farms. The valuable genetic information obtained from this study holds the
potential to improve aquaculture programs through targeted breeding initiatives and
inform the development of sustainable management policies for barramundi.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 73

DNA-O-042

DNA barcoding the ichthyofauna of the Beibu Gulf: Implications for

fisheries management in a seafood market hub

Changping Jiang1, Murong Yi12, Zhisen Luo1, Xiongbo He1,3, Hung-Du Lin4, Nicolas
Hubert5*, and Yunrong Yan1,2,3*

1 College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China

2 Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
3 Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Far Sea Fisheries Management and

Fishing of South China Sea, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China

4 Affiliated School of National Tainan First Senior High School, Tainan, Taiwan, China
5 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR 226 ISEM (IRD, UM, CNRS), Université de Montpellier,

Montpellier, France
*Correspondence email: [email protected], [email protected]

The Beibu Gulf in China is situated in the tropics, in the western Pacific Ocean. It is an
emblematic region combining proximity to a marine biodiversity hotspot and a major
seafood hub. Intensification of marine fishing and ocean warming led to a drastic
decline in fish populations in the Beibu Gulf during the last decades. This situation
urges the development of molecular resources of the Beibu Gulf fish fauna in order to
enable automated molecular identifications at the species level for next-generation
monitoring. With this objective, we present the results of a large-scale campaign to
DNA barcode fishes of the Beibu Gulf. We successfully generated 789 new DNA
barcodes corresponding to 263 species which, together with 291 sequences mined from
Genbank and BOLD, resulted in a reference library of 1080 sequences from 285
species. Based on the use of four DNA-based species delimitation methods (BIN,
ASAP, mPTP, mGMYC), a total of 285 Molecular Operational Taxonomical Units
(MOTUs). A single case of cryptic diversity was detected in Scomberomorus guttatus
and a single species pair was not captured by delimitation methods. Intraspecific K2P
genetic distances averaged 0.36% among sequences within species, whereas K2P
genetic distances among species within genera averaged 6.96%. The most speciose
families in open water trawling differ from those at fish market, and discrepancies with
historical data are discussed in the light of recently documented stock collapses.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 74

DNA-O-043

Stream rehabilitation mitigates the impacts of channelisation on gene

flow

Bi Wei Low1,2*, Yik-Hei Sung2,3, David Dudgeon4, and Jia Huan Liew2,5
1 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
2 Science Unit, Lingnan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
3 School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Suffolk, UK
4 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
5 School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Australia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Anthropogenic habitat modification is a leading cause of population fragmentation in

freshwater ecosystems. Artificial structures can be a direct barrier to animal movement
(e.g., dams), or they may act as indirect impediments to movement by creating
suboptimal environmental conditions that deter sensitive species (e.g., concretised river
channels). In this study, we utilised a next-generation sequencing approach to assess
the impacts of stream channelisation of genomic connectivity of three freshwater fish
species in Hong Kong, and tested the efficacy of channel restoration efforts (e.g.,
channel naturalisation) in mitigating impacts of population fragmentation. Our results
showed that stream channelisation impacted the movement, and hence genomic
connectivity, of all three focal species, although the magnitude of impacts varied with
the species’ mode of movement and habitat preferences. Furthermore, we also found
that channel restoration efforts were mostly effective in reversing fragmentation
impacts of habitat modification by increasing resource availability and providing
movement corridors between isolated populations. Our findings suggest that well-
designed ecological restoration can be a useful tool in mitigating impacts of
unavoidable flow-modification projects (e.g., for flood control).
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 75

DNA-O-044

Surveying ichthyofaunal diversity using eDNA metabarcoding in an

economically important mangrove estuary in Peninsular Malaysia
Leanne Frances Yee1*, Amy Y.H. Then2, Cecilia Chu1, Tadashi Kajita3, Isowa Yukinobu3,
and Kim Shan Wee1

1 School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia

2 Institute of Biological Science, University Malaya
3 Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of Ryukyus, Japan.

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

A key to sustainable management of fish resources is the availability of biomonitoring

tools to measure patterns in biodiversity. Conventional sampling tools, such as drift
nets are commonly used biomonitoring tools in mangrove estuaries. However, these
methods are oftentimes ecologically destructive, costly, and is labour intensive. In the
past decade, environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys has emerged as a promising non-
invasive tool for detecting the presence of aquatic animals. The present research aims
to further develop eDNA metabarcoding locally to capture and characterize the spatial
distribution of fish communities in mangroves in Peninsular Malaysia. Here we tested
aquatic eDNA as an indicator of fish presence in the Kuala Selangor estuary. We
collected 24 Sterivex samples of surface water collected along a salinity gradient
(freshwater, brackish and marine) between the high and low tide influx. eDNA was
amplified with vertebrate-specific universal 12S MiFish primers. We detected DNA
signatures for more than 197 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), of which 57 could
be identified to fish species/genus based on downstream bioinformatic filtering.
Majority of fish species came from the Cyprinidae, Mugilidae and Cichlidae families.
Four non-native species were also detected in the eDNA samples. One of which is
Oreochromis niloticus which was found widely distributed in all salinity levels,
demanding further research for its ecological impacts. Our results represent first eDNA
metabarcoding study in an economically valuable estuary in the Klang Valley. These
results further support the potential of eDNA metabarcoding as a novel biomonitoring
tool to facilitate fine-scale spatial-mapping of estuarine fish communities.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 76

DNA-O-045

Addressing Climate Change Impacts on Blue Mahseer in Mae Hong

Son: Conservation Strategies for Genetic Diversity
Tavun Pongsanarm1, Wongsathit Wongloet1, Aingorn Chaiyes1, Thitipong Panthum1,
Trifan Budi1, Wattanawan Jaito1, Chananya Patta1, Worapong Singchat1, Narongrit
Muangmai1, Prateep Duengkae1, Kiatisak Wangwon2, and Kornsorn Srikulnath1*

1 Animal Genomics and Bioresouce Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, Thailand
2 Tham Pla - Namtok Pha Suea National Park, address 70 Moo1, Huai Pha Mueang Mae Hong Son, Mae Hong
Son 58000, Thailand
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Climate change poses a significant threat to freshwater ecosystems, impacting the

survival of iconic species like the blue mahseer (Neolissochilus stracheyi). This study
assesses genetic diversity and population structure for effective management of blue
mahseer in Mae Hong Son, Thailand. Through the analysis of 13 microsatellite loci
in 93 individuals from five populations (Soi River (Mai sapa), Sa-at River (Mae Surin
Waterfall National Park), Sanghi River (Nong Pla Jat), Tham Pa and Tham Nam Lot,
this study found high genetic diversity (102 alleles) with the mean number of alleles
per locus being 3.815 ± 0.328 and observed heterozygosity (Ho= 0.438 ± 0.472)
exceeding expected heterozygosity (He= 0.416 ± 0.478). Analysis 580 bp of mt D-
loop, revealed 10 haplotypes, indicating a high level of genetic diversity within the 5
populations. Overall haplotype and nucleotide diversities were found to be
0.828±0.022 and 0.020±0.001, respectively. Bayesian structural analyses revealed
three gene pools patterns associated with specific river systems. Additionally, the
study identified "distance to river" and "annual mean precipitation" as critical factors
influencing Mahseer distribution and habitat suitability. These findings offer valuable
insights into population structure, genetics connectivity, and habitat preferences, with
direct implications for the formulation of effective conservation strategies for this
species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 77

DNA-O-046

Combining Genetics and Environment: Conserving Eastern Thailand's

Betta Fish
Kornsorn Srikulnath*, Pish Wattanadilokchatkun, Aingorn Chaiyes,
Thitipong Panthum, and Worapong Singchat

Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University,
50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Urbanization's global surge has led to widespread habitat destruction, particularly

evident in eastern Thailand where economic growth often means overexploiting natural
resources. This expansion endangers numerous species due to habitat loss. Among
them is the Plakad-Pa Pak-Tawan-Ok (Betta siamorientalis), unique to eastern
Thailand. Our study examined the genetic diversity and structure of 17 B.
siamorientalis populations using microsatellite genotyping, finding significant genetic
variability. Notably, distinct genetic pools were identified in the lower Prachin River
and Phra Prong River Part 2 areas. Migration analysis suggested gene flow patterns
that follow the main water currents towards the Bang Pakong River's mouth,
highlighting this area as a crucial genetic reservoir. Significant genetic differentiation
was observed among all populations, suggesting low gene flow across different
habitats. This differentiation correlates with environmental factors, such as mean
annual total precipitation, which significantly impacts genetic diversity. These findings
highlight the critical need for thoughtful industrial development and conservation
planning in eastern Thailand. Conservation strategies should focus on preserving
habitat suitability, especially concerning water availability and precipitation, over
improving landscape connectivity for B. siamorientalis. Prioritizing these
environmental aspects can enhance conservation efforts and support the sustainable
management of natural resources in the region.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 78

DNA-O-047

DNA Barcode Characterization of Banded Archerfish (Toxotes

jaculatrix Pallas, 1767) in Several Indonesia Waters with the New
Sequences Record from the Singkil Peat Swamp Waters in Aceh
Province, Indonesia
Nanda Muhammad Razi1, Sri Riska Rahayu1, Mutia Ramadhaniaty2,5, Luvi Syafrida
Handayani1, Ahmad Sazali A. Sitrous2,5, Cut Tria Aswina2,5, Muhammad Nasir3, Nur
Fadli2,5, and Zainal A. Muchlisin2,4*
1 Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Science, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3 Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh,
23111, Indonesia
4 Laboratory of Fish Hatchery and Breeding, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda

Aceh 23111, Indonesia

5 Laboratory of Genetics and Aquatic Biodiversity, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala,

Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Singkil Peat Swamp waters is located in the Aceh province, Indonesia. A total of 39
species belong to 26 families that have been reported from this waters, where banded
archerfish Toxotes jaculatrix Pallas, 1767 is of the fish from this this area. To date, the
report of T. jaculatrix was rarely available, especially in the molecular aspect.
Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe molecular characteristics of DNA
barcodes of banded archerfish Toxotes jaculatrix in Indonesian waters using newly
discovered sequence data from the waters of Singkil Peat Swamp. The sequence of T.
jaculatrix from Singkil Peat Swamp was successfully produced using the cytochrome
c oxidase 1 (CO1) gene. While, the other sequences of banded archerfish were obtained
from the BOLD system database and NCBI database, incuding Cilegon, Tangerang and
Bali waters. A total of 12 T. jaculatrix sequences with a length of 639 bp were involved
in the analysis. The results indicated that the population of T. jaculatrix in Indonesia
waters has high genetic diversity, show the value of haplotype diversity (Hd) = 0.8646
and nucleotide sequence diversity (Pi) = 0,00403, which the population is distributed
into six haplotypes. Neighbor-joining and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree
reconstruction show comparable topology. Two geographic clades are identified based
on the branching of the NJ and ML phylogenetic trees of T. jaculatrix in Indonesian
seas. Clade 1 consists of the waters from Cilegon, Tangerang, and Bali subpopulations.
Clade 2, which includes the subpopulations from the Singkil Peat Swamp Aceh
Province.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 79

DNA-O-048

DNA Barcode characterization of Rusty Jobfish Aphareus rutilans in

Several Indonesia Waters with the New Sequences Record from South
Aceh Region

Sri Riska Rahayu1, Abdul Rahman Siregar2, Nanda Muhammad Razi1, Syamsul Rizal2, Nur
Fadli2, Luvi Syafrida Handayani1, Martin Wilkes3, Mohd Nor Siti-Azizah4, and Zainal A.
Muchlisin1,2*

1 Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3 School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
4 Institute of Marine Biotechnology, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

There are more than 113 species of snapper from the family Lutjanidae worldwide, and
58 species of them are found in marine waters in Indonesia. This research aims to
describe the molecular characteristics of DNA barcodes in Rusty Jobfish (Aphareus
rutilans) across several waters in Indonesia, using new sequences originating from
South Aceh waters. There are a total of 9 sequences, with a length of 639 base pairs.
Of these, 3 sequences are from South Aceh waters, while 6 other sequences were
obtained from the BOLD system database representing waters from Maluku (4
sequences) and West Java (2 sequences). The analysis of genetic diversity (Hd) shows
a value of 0.722, while nucleotide diversity reaches 0.02821, with a total of 3
haplotypes identified. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree using two approaches,
maximum likelihood (ML) and neighbor-joining (NJ), reveals two main clades. Clade
1 indicates subpopulations from Maluku and West Java, while clade 2 represents the
subpopulation from South Aceh.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 80

DNA-O-049

Optimal Recommendations for Field and Laboratory Protocols of

eDNA and Applications in Fish Diversity in China
Xing, Yingchun1*, and Zhao, Yahui2*

1 Resource and Environmental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, China
2 Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Environmental DNA (eDNA) could offer a new opportunity to improve fish detection.
How to choose optimal laboratory protocols is the first question to be considered.
Based on our research experiences and previous published articles, we recommend a
set of optimal protocols for regular eDNA-based fish detection and presented the
suggestions for water sample volume collected and subsequent sample filtered and
storaged, and experiment protocols including optimal choices for DNA extraction kits,
PCR primer sets and reaction condition, high-throughput sequencing platforms and
software packages used for eDNA sequences analysis and taxon annotation. The study
cases were presented to prove this set of optimal eDNA field and laboratory protocols
could be used for fish species detection and revealed species diversity of fish in the
freshwater and seawater bodies of China. The Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake
of China, provides habitats for abundant aquatic animals and plants, especially some
Chinese rare and endangered aquatic animals such as Lipotes vexillifer, Acipenser
sinensis and Grus leucogeranus. We used above eDNA protocols to detect fish species
composition in the Poyang Lake, and the results indicated 74 fish species were
detected, which was near 70% of historical records. One rare species Ochetobius
elongates was detected through eDNA, and it is difficult to be found based on fishing
nets. The West Island and the Wuzhizhou Island of the Hainan Province, China are
well-preserved coral reef ecosystems and have the high species diversity of coral reef
fishes. We used above eDNA protocols to detect fish species and analyzed effects of
human activities on coral reef fishes especially deep-water cage culture.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 81

DNA-O-050

Structural Variation in Lates calcarifer and Potential Roles in

Speciation and Adaptation
Matthew A. Campbell1*, and Matthew C. Hale2

1 School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
2 College of Science and Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Asian Sea Bass or Barramundi Perch (Lates calcarifer) occupies a wide
distribution in the Indo-Pacific. An esteemed eating and sport fish that is tolerant of a
broad set of environmental conditions, it is becoming extensively propagated and
translocated. At the same time, the taxonomy of Indo-Pacific Lates remains unresolved.
Deep mitochondrial differences between L. calcarifer from the vicinity of the Indian
Subcontinent and the Bay of Bengal from Australian fish have been documented (K2P
distance ~9.50%). Subsequent investigation of the nuclear genome through whole-
genome resequencing indicates three divergent lineages within L. calcarifer
corresponding to areas adjacent to the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia and
Australia+New Guinea. Further interrogation of the genomic data available for L.
calcarifer now reveals major structural variation in terms of chromosomal inversions
(CI’s) on three chromosomes. These CIs follow a longitudinal gradient from West to
East, with ancestral forms dominating in the West and Australian fish fixed for derived
forms. The CIs are polymorphic at ~100 - 110 degrees of longitude in highly
genetically diverse Southeast Asian populations that show evidence of hybridization.
Mechanistically, these chromosomal inversions may contribute to speciation within
Indo-Pacific Lates by protecting consolidated adaptive variation from recombination.
What particular functions they have is not clear and L. calcarifer exhibits substantial
variation in life history and habitat use across its range. Some roles of the CIs are
hypothesized based on nucleotide divergence between ancestral and derived forms and
genes located therein.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 82

DNA-O-051

Population genomics of Ilisha elongata along the Northwestern Pacific

Coast

Chenhong Li*, and Jiantao Hu

Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Elongate ilisha (Ilisha elongata) is one of the commercial fishery targets along
northwestern Pacific coast. During the past decade, the dramatical drop in the annual
landing weight of I. elongata suggesting an unpleasant status of the fishery stocks.
However, our little knowledge on the genome-wide genetic diversity, population
structure and historical demography about this specie hampered us from establishing a
sustainable fishery policy or taking conservation actions. In the present study, the
genome-wide genetic structure and population demography of I. elongata stocks along
northwestern Pacific coast were revealed based on the enrich nuclear loci SNPs marker
of 144 I. elongata individuals collected from 18 localities among 7 geographical
patterns within northwestern Pacific coast. According to our result, the I. elongata
stocks maintaining a high-level of nucleotide diversity of variant positions despite
under fishery pressure, with a mean value of 0.2173; whereas the inter-populations
differentiation was relatively low with most geographical population exhibiting a
minor genetic difference or no genetic difference from others. Four lineage of I.
elongata stocks were identified by our population clustering analysis, and the historical
demography simulation proposed an evolutionary scenario that the Yalu population
spilt off first at around 19500 generations before present, while the another lineage
divided into two lineages at about 18800 generations ago, one of which is the southern
population while another one further diverged into the northern population and
Japanese population that date back to 3000 generations ago. Our result highlighting
that the current phylogeographical patterns of I. elongata were shaped by directional
selection from low temperature and geographical barriers during the last glacial
maximum period and post-glacial expansion in the recent 6000 years.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 83

DNA-O-052

A qPCR-based environmental DNA (eDNA) method for detecting the

giant featherback (Chitala lopis, Notopteridae) in Perak River,
Malaysia
Muhamad Hanif Iryani Adnan1*, Norli Fauzani Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari2, Khaironizam
Md Zain1, Siti Azizah Mohd Nor2, and Sébastien Lavoué1

1 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
2 Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected] / [email protected]

Chitala lopis (Osteoglossomorpha: Notopteridae), known as ikan belida in Malay or

giant featherback in English, is a large carnivorous freshwater fish species that can
reach up to 1.5 m in standard length. It is widely distributed across Southeast Asia,
including Peninsular Malaysia where it occurs in major river drainages. In one such
drainage, the Perak River, local fishermen have recently reported a decline in the catch
of C. lopis possibly due to the combined action of overfishing, habitat modification and
pollution. To reverse the trend, precise detection methods for monitoring this species
are necessary. However, conventional monitoring methods, which rely on specimen
capture can be time-consuming, labour-intensive and difficult to handle, especially
when dealing with low individual densities in large environments. To overcome these
issues, we developed a species-specific qPCR-based eDNA method for detecting C.
lopis in the Perak River. Species-specific primers incorporated with a hydrolysis probe
were designed to amplify a short fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.
Several validation steps involving in silico, in vitro and aquarium experiments were
included to test the specificity and sensitivity of the method. Environmental water
samples were collected from 10 stations within the Perak River system. Environmental
parameters (i.e., water temperature and pH) were measured to evaluate their effects on
the eDNA detection. We will present our results in relation to environmental factors
and discuss potential limitations of using eDNA to detect rare species in tropical
aquatic regions based on qPCR.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 84

DNA-O-053

The Genetic Diversity Study of Mahseer, Tor tambra and Tor

tambroides Distributed in Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia

Krittaporn Lempan1, Hong-Chiun Lim2, Alex Hon-Tsen Yu1,3, Monwadee

Wonglapsuwan1,4*

1 Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110,
Thailand
2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University,

Sungai Petani 08100, Kedah, Malaysia

3 Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
4 Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,

Songkhla 90110, Thailand

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Mahseer is commonly referred to the freshwater fishes in the Tor genus. Their eye-
catching body color and good taste make them highly desirable for ornamental fish and
delicacy fish markets. Nevertheless, among the Mahseer species, the T. tambra and T.
tambroides which found in Southeast Asia countries including Thailand, Malaysia, and
Indonesia always invoke of species confusing due to their ambiguously similar
morphologies. In this study, individuals of these Mahseer were collected for genetic
diversity analysis using the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COXI) gene marker (625bp)
from five fish breeders in Malaysia (Hulu Langat, Gua Musang, Sungai Tembat,
Endau, and Sungai Loh), and five fish farms in Thailand (Narathiwat, Yala, Ratchaburi,
Phetchaburi, and Kanchanaburi Provinces). The constructed phylogenetic trees were
able to distinguish T. tambra and T. tambroides into separate clade as reported
previously. Surprisingly, the results reveal that all Thai individuals were T. tambra only
while Malaysian individuals included both T. tambra and T. tambroides. Moreover,
individuals of T. tambra from north of the Isthmus of Kra (i.e., Thai provinces of
Phetchaburi and Kanchanaburi) forms a subclade within T. tambra clade, implying
slight geographical and genetical differentiation given the assumption that fish farms
obtained their stocks locally or lack of cross province brock stock exchange. This
finding might also be the pioneer discovery of that Thailand may consist of only T.
tambra, and the reported T. tambroides found in Thailand may be misidentified due to
the ambiguously similar morphologies. Further investigation which incorporates of
more gene markers and samples especially from Thailand is needed to clarify the
species occurrence.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 85

DNA-O-054

Metabarcoding of Groupers Gut Content for Reef Fish Ecosystem Food

Web Reconstruction in Indonesia
Inna Puspa Ayu1*, Ali Mashar1, Yusli Wardiatno1, Nurlisa A Butet1, Prakas Santoso2, E
Restiana Endang Gelis3, Dondy Arafat2, Budi Prabowo2, Iqbal M Sani2, and Beginer
Subhan2
1 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, IPB University
2 Department of Marine Science and Technology, Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty, IPB University
3 Department of Fisheries, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia 36361

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Raja Ampat and Lombok, as part of the coral reef triangle, are well-known to have rich
biodiversity and attract many tourists. These areas are also targeted by the Life Reef
Fish Food Trade (LRFFT). This situation may leave ecosystems vulnerable. Grouper,
one of the main targets due to its high economic value, is at risk of declining or even
facing extinction, which could significantly impact ecosystem stability. Examining the
presence of key species can help evaluate an ecosystem. Groupers in coral reef
ecosystems, acting as apex predators, can identify organisms in the food web. By
studying keystone species stomachs or gut contents, we can trace the interactions
between all organisms in a food web. They provide insight into predator-prey
relationships and assessment of ecosystem conditions. This study aims to predict the
condition of coral reef ecosystems, particularly in Raja Ampat and Lombok.
Metabarcoding can overcome the difficulty of identifying prey species in stomach
contents. We expect DNA metabarcoding to map trophic positions and overcome the
complexity of interactions in coral reef food webs. In Raja Ampat and Lombok, the
types of prey fish groups found in grouper species provide information on organizing
food webs into bipartite networks. The interpretation of bipartite networks helps predict
coral reef ecosystems. Ecological indices show that Raja Ampat and Lombok have
different values. Results from this study are helpful for coral reef fisheries
management, particularly in Raja Ampat and Lombok.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 86

DNA-O-055

Study on Fish Diversity in the Yangtze Estuary Based on

Environmental DNA
Jia Hui1,2, Zhang Hui1*

1CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
2School of marine sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315823, China

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

As the largest estuary in China, the biodiversity of Yangtze estuary and the status of
fishery resources have been widely concerned. Fish community is an important part of
the Yangtze Estuary ecosystem. Understanding the fish diversity and its annual
variation trend is of great significance to scientific research and human society
development. The study investigated the fish diversity in the Yangtze Estuary from
2018 to 2020 based on environmental DNA (eDNA) technology, and assessed the
annual and seasonal changes in fish diversity monitored each year. The results showed
that fish assemblage differed significantly among seasons. Based on the annual fish
composition statistics, 18 species of fish were monitored in 2018-2020, and the
diversity and distribution pattern of fish in the Yangtze Estuary showed significant
differences in three years. In summary, the application of eDNA provides a theoretical
basis for the management of fishery resources in the Yangtze Estuary. Relevant
research results play an important role in maintaining the coordinated development of
ecological environment and economy in the Yangtze Estuary region.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 87

DNA-O-056

Application of Next Generation Sequencing Technique for Species

Identification of Mixed Shark Species in Fishery Products

Asadatun Abdullah*, Roni Nugraha, Muh. Alsere Bardian Sahaba, and Yashinta
Yulianawati
Department, City, State, Country Department of Aquatic Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine
Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Intentional species substitution can have an impact on food security and the
sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. Whole shark meat that has not been processed and
has not been mixed with other ingredients can be easily identified at the morphological
and molecular species level. Shark specimens that have undergone processing will be
difficult to identify morphologically and using DNA barcoding techniques. In some
processed fish products, it is even a mixture of several fish species which makes it
difficult for the sequencing process to use Sanger. One method that can be used as an
alternative to the Sanger method, especially mixed species in one type of fish product,
is using a DNA metagenomic analysis approach or whole genome sequencing using
the NGS platform. DNA metagenomic using the NGS platform allows the
identification of multiple species in a single sample. The purpose of this study was to
identify CITES II-indexed shark species in mixed fishery product using mitogenomic
methods based on next-generation sequencing. Meat from different shark species
(Sphyrna lewini and Carcharhinus falciformis) was mixed in controlled ratio The
sequencing process was carried out using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and
verified by the Sanger sequencing. The results of the qualitative and quantitative tests
showed the effectiveness of the sequencing results is 97.48-97.92% and the error is
0.03%. Complete mitochondrial genes were detected from Sphyrna lewini and
Carcharhinus falciformis species, Galeocerdo cuvier, Aetomylaeus nichofii and
Centrophorus granulosus species were detected in all meat ratios.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 88

DNA-O-057

Systematic classification and molecular phylogeny of the genus

Parascorpaena (Bleeker 1876) (Teleostei: Scorpaenidae)
Roxanne Cabebe1*, Kentaro Mochizuki2, and Hiroyuki Motomura3

1 The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
2 Japan Wildlife Research Center, 3-3-7 Kotobashi, Sumida, Tokyo 130-8606, Japan
3 The Kagoshima University Museum, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Species of the Indo-Pacific scorpionfish genus Parascorpaena inhabit rocky and coral
reefs in shallow tropical and subtropical waters. The genus has not been undergone
comprehensive morphological classification and molecular analysis. This study
presents a revised classification integrating both molecular and morphological data,
dividing the genus into two groups based on the COI data and presence of scales along
the dorsal- and anal-fin soft ray bases. Group I includes P. armata, P. mcadamsi, P.
maculipinnis, P. moultoni, and P. mossambica, while Group II comprises P. aurita, P.
picta, and P. poseidon. Comparative analysis was conducted among the generated
sequences from this study with those sequences available in GenBank and BOLD
databases, resulting in species-identity verification within Parascorpaena. Among
them, one sequence, SAIAB073-06 (initially identified as P. mossambica), was
recognized as P. aurita, indicating a strong genetic association with other sequences of
P. cf. aurita. Analysis suggests potential misidentification of P. picta or P. aurita may
represent two distinct species from Pacific and Indian oceans. However, unavailability
of the actual specimen for this sequence impedes definitive conclusions, emphasizing
the necessity for generating sequence data for true P. picta and conduct morphological
comparisons between populations of P. aurita from both oceanic regions to clarify this
taxonomic issue. Additionally, this study aims to elucidate both the morphological
similarities and differences between P. maculipinnis and P. mcadamsi, previously
considered as synonyms. This research offers insights into the systematic
reclassification and species characterization, aiding future research and conservation
efforts.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 89

DNA-O-058

The Recent Survey Confirmed the Absence of Hemitrygon akajei in the

Gulf of Thailand, Insights from Mitochondrial DNA Analysis

Wanlada Klangnurak 1*, Pipat Wongmanee1, Wansuk Senanan2, and Tassapon

Krajangdara3

1 AquaculturalTechnology and Aquatic Resource Management, School of Agricultural Technology, King

Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
2 Aquatic Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, 20131, Thailand
3 Phuket Marine Fisheries Research and Development Center, Phuket, 83000, Thailand

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Hemitrygon akajei and Hemitrygon bennetti, both stingrays native to Southeast Asia,
exhibit conspicuous morphological similarities, posing challenges for accurate species
identification. H. akajei was first recorded in Thailand since 1969, while H. bennetti
was first recorded in 2016. Hemitrygon is susceptible to overfishing and habitat
degradation, as threatened as numerous stingray species, highlighting the critical
importance of their presence for conservation efforts. This study aims to understand
the presence of a look-alike species, H. akajei and H. bennetti, in Thailand.
Elasmobranch samples were collected under the recent survey of a research project
named “the development of DNA barcode database for elasmobranchs in Thailand and
down-stream verification protocols for elasmobranch products,” which observed along
the Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea during 2022 to 2023. Samples were obtained
from research vessels, fish landing ports, and local fish markets. Species identification
was done based on morphometric characteristics. DNA barcoding, based on a fragment
of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and the NADH dehydrogenase 2
(ND2) gene, was performed. All sequences of the specimens were compared with DNA
sequences in the NCBI database, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Tissue
samples for DNA barcoding were obtained only from the Gulf of Thailand. Molecular
analysis indicated that all sequences of the specimens belong to a single species, H.
bennettii. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed the monophyly of our specimens and
other H. bennettii sequences from NCBI. Our recent findings suggest that H. akajei is
recently absent from the Gulf of Thailand. However, the presence of H. akajei in the
Andaman Sea is uncertain and requires further investigation with additional specimens
to determine its current status in that area.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 90

ECO-O-059

Continuous Oocyte Recruitment and Protracted Spawning in Three

Tropical Cypriniforms
Rafhiah Kahar1*, Norhayati Ahmad1, and Takaomi Arai2
1 Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri
Begawan, Negara Brunei Darussalam
2 Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Negara Brunei Darussalam
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

There is limited information available on the reproductive ecology of freshwater

fishes in Southeast Asia. To better understand the timing of spawning, we studied
the reproductive cycles of 621 Lobocheilos ovalis, 507 Rasbora argyrotaenia, and
138 Tor tambra in tropical rainforest hill streams in Brunei Darussalam over two
years. Gonad histology confirmed that L. ovalis and R. argyrotaenia were
reproductively active all year round, while T. tambra exhibited protracted spawning
over several months. To evaluate the temporal oocyte recruitment pattern, we
conducted histomorphometry of 214 L. ovalis, 207 R. argyrotaenia, and 53 T.
tambra ovaries in the developing and spawning capable developmental phases. We
found that all three species exhibited continuous oocyte size frequency distribution
(OSFD), with modal development indicating that oocytes were developing and
spawning in batches. Throughout the study, atresia was prevalent. These findings
provided evidence for indeterminate fecundity and batch spawning, which allowed
for a protracted reproductive season in these species. The rapid oocyte recruitment
and protracted spawning could be evolutionary adaptations to the warm water and
variable hydrology of the hill stream habitat, increasing the survival of offspring.
This study demonstrated that OSFD assessment is a valuable method for gaining
insight into the temporal dynamics of oocyte recruitment patterns. This knowledge
may help us further our understanding of the reproductive strategies and ecology of
tropical freshwater fish in a changing climate.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 91

ECO-O-060

Nature-Based Solution at Offshore Oil and Gas Exploitation

(Case Study at PHE ONWJ)
Hefni Effendi1,2*, Luluk Dwi Wulan Handayani2, Mustaghfirin2, Eko Adhiyanto2, Ali
Mashar1, Budi Hascaryo Iskandar3, Pungky Ariwibowo2, Gilang Munggaran2 Muhamad
Isnan Zuhri2, Andrian Rizaldy Azhar2, Marfian Dwidima Putra2, and Luisa Febrina Amalo2
1 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University
2 Environmental Research Center, IPB University
3 Department of Fisheries Resource Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The impact of offshore oil and gas exploitation needs to be anticipated and
mitigation efforts determined. One of the mitigation efforts that is currently popular
is nature-based solutions (NBS). This study was conducted offshore Karawang
Regency, Indonesia, which is the operational area of the oil and gas company PHE
ONWJ. Based on the results of the risk assessment, biodiversity impact metric, and
biodiversity value, the NBS obtained, are: 1) Mangrove, 2) Sendulang Coral Reef,
3) Sendulang Coral Fishes, and 4 ) Horseshoe Crab. The Net Positive Impact
assessment of the 4 priority biodiversity features requires a comprehensive and
holistic understanding of each ecosystem and biodiversity characteristic that is
targeted and possibly impacted, aiming to achieve a Net Positive Impact of
biodiversity from the PHE ONWJ operational area. The NPI assessment was carried
out on existing conditions and forecasting. The existing NPI has a positive value of
276,560 mangrove plants (15.5 ha), while the forecasting NPI also has a positive
value of 50,000 mangrove plants (5 ha) in 2023 – 2028. The existing NPI of coral
reefs is positive 1,002.6 m2 (0.11 ha), and the NPI forecasting is positive 0.05 ha
for a duration of 5 years. The existing NPI for coral fish is positive 0.057. NPI
forecasting is positive 0.05 for the reef fish diversity index, and 5 ind/m2 for fish
abundance in 5 years. Meanwhile, the existing NPI for horseshoecrabs is 0 (no net
loss) because there have been no intervention efforts regarding horseshoecrabss
conservation, while the forecasting NPI is positive 0.05. The implementation of
NBS can be effective guidelines as well as tools to maintain population diversity,
save habitat, and ensure ecosystem services run in balance in the coastal and marine
areas of Karawang Regency.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 92

ECO-O-061

Conservation Status of Freshwater Fish Diversity in China

E Zhang*

Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, P.R. China

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

China harbors a high species diversity of freshwater fishes unshared with any of
other neighboring nationd. Freshwater fish diversity in the country has been under
severe threat from anthropogenic activities over the past decades, thus conservation
freshwater fishes and ecosystems is urgently needed. The latest IUCN red list
assessment of Chinese freshwater fishes found that 355 species (22.3% of the total)
are at-risk species, including 69 ranked as Critically Endangered, 97 as Endangered,
and 189 as Vulnerable. Two species are classified as Extinct and one as Regionally
Extinct. China's threat level seems to be lower than the known average level found
in the IUCN's global assessment of freshwater fishes, but this is an artifact of a high
rate of species classified as Data Deficient. Conservation of freshwater fishes is
presently facing a grim situation in China. Imperilment of Chinese freshwater fishes
is primarily attributed to habitat loss and degradation arising from human
perturbations, particularly river damming. Despite the adoption of protected areas
setting up, captive breeding and release, and fishing moratorium, conservation
efforts for freshwater fishes are compromised by disproportional attention in
China's biodiversity conservation, baseline data deficiency, insufficiently designed
protection networks, and inefficient or inadequate implementation of conservation
strategies. To achieve the objectives of Chinese freshwater fish conservation, it is
proposed to conduct a national-scale survey of fish diversity and reassess their at-
risk status, develop systematic conservation planning of freshwater fish diversity
and ecosystems, prioritize strategies for protected areas development, perform
genetic-based captive breeding for releasing in concert with other protection
actions, and implement flexible fishing moratorium strategies in different water
bodies.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 93

ECO-O-062

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Functionality of Mangrove Afforestation

for Faunal Habitats and Management
Allyn Duvin P. Hinoguin1,2*, Ariel T. Antinero1, Mayenne P. Balaba1, Luzeil P. Bernadez1,
Greta M. Noquilla1, Celso C. Almirol1,3

1 College of Marine and Allied Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental,
Philippines 9023
2 Research Division, Mindanao State University at Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines 9023
3 University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines – Panaon Campus, Punta, Panaon, Misamis

Occidental, Philippines 7025

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Mangroves significantly contribute to the biodiversity of coastal ecosystems, yet

there remains a gap in understanding how planted mangrove forests are utilized by
fish, particularly in relation to their proximity to nearby coral reefs. This study aims
to elucidate the diversity of fish assemblages within planted mangroves and assess
the influence of varying distances to adjacent coral reefs. Fish surveys were
conducted between high and low tide using beach seine net (7.5m long, 1m high,
5mm mesh size), towed at 10m along the edges of the planted mangrove forest, with
its mouth opening at 3m distance. A total of 15 tows, with approximately 5m
distance each, were conducted at three distinct sites with varying proximities to
coral reefs: <100m, <300m, <600m. Collected samples underwent laboratory
analysis, including species- level identification, length measurement, and
assessment on feeding habits. A total of 1,035 individuals, belonging to 16 families
and 36 species, were identified. Fish species richness and abundance increased as
the distance of planted mangroves from the reefs increased. The family Apogonidae
emerged as the most abundant, with Sphaerima orbicularis as the dominant fish
species and reef associated fishes were also recorded particularly for the group of
Siganidae. Analysis of fish feeding habits revealed that most of the fish assemblages
are zoobenthos feeders. Notably, most of the fish associated in the planted
mangroves are mainly juveniles and small individuals. These findings highlight
distinctive patterns of fish utilization within planted mangroves and underscore the
implications for mangrove afforestation strategies.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 94

ECO-O-063

Water Quality Index for Assessing Water Purification Ecosystem

Services in Jakarta Urban Lakes
Prita Ayu Permatasari1,2,3*, Sri Setiawati Tumuyu3, Luki Subehi4, Hefni Effendi5, and Mita
Aprilia5
1 Environmental Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
2 Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
3 School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
4 Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN),

Cibinong, Indonesia
5 Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor,

Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Deterioration of water quality in urban areas has a negative impact on ecosystem

services provision in urban lake ecosystems such as water purification, water
provision, fish production, and recreational activities. To determine the quality of
water purification ecosystem services in urban areas in Jakarta, water quality
analysis was carried out using the Water Quality Index (WQI). This method could
simplify various water quality parameters with a normalization and weighting
system to produce a single value. The research was carried out on 3 lakes in several
municipalities with different landscape characteristics in Jakarta Province,
Indonesia. By using secondary data obtained from 2 measurement periods in 2023,
a number of results were found. Water purification ecosystem service was not only
determined by the condition of the surrounding landscape, but also the involvement
of the community around the lake and the availability of wastewater treatment plant
facilities. The study results revealed that WQI scores varied in the bad to medium
category with a score of 51.40 for Situ Babakan Lake, 45.20 for Srengseng Urban
Forest Lake, and 46.20 for South Sunter Lake. Those findings were expected to be
a meaningful input for the local government to improve the lake water quality.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 95

ECO-O-064

Assemblages of Loaches across large-scale altitudinal gradients in

Forest Streams of Kinabalu Park, Sabah, Malaysia
Jasrul Dulipat*, and Chen Lin Soo

Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Loach is a highly endemic fish in Sabah, and understanding how they adapt to
different elevations is crucial for biodiversity preservation. Kinabalu Park, featuring
Malaysia's highest peak, Mount Kinabalu, offers an ideal location for studying
loach populations across large-scale altitude gradient in forest streams. This current
study aims to examine loach patterns across large scale altitudes in Kinabalu Park
and identify the environmental factors that influencing their diversity and
distribution. A total of 22 rivers were surveyed, covering an altitude range from 191
m to 3265 m above sea level (asl). The elevation gradients were divided into four
levels based on the forest type in this study. A total of 902 loach individuals from
five different genera were collected from 20 rivers in Kinabalu Park. The spearmen
correlation test reveals a significant negative correlation (r =-0.42, p-value of
0.0491) between the abundance of loaches and elevation, and supported by the
sample-based rarefaction curve. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA)
showed that elevation, dissolve oxygen, water temperature, and pH play a major
role in loaches distribution in Kinabalu Park. Higher elevation sites, higher
dissolved oxygen levels but lower temperatures and pH values are home to greater
numbers of Glaniopsis and Neogastromyzon. In contrary, Gastromyzon and
Nemacheilus inhabiting lower elevation, with warmer, less oxygenated and less
acidic water. The findings of the study help us better understand loach communities
which can contribute to their conservation and provide significant resources for
future taxonomic and conservation research.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 96

ECO-O-065

Freshwater fish community structures and their distribution along Sg.

Sat, Taman Negara Pahang
Yahya, M. A1*, and Singh, H. R2

1 Parks & Amenity Management, School of Geomatic Science & Natural Resources, College of Built Environment
(CBE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia
2 Fanli Marine and Consultancy Sdn Bhd, Dataran Prima, Jalan PJU 1/42A, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Studies on freshwater fish diversity and their distribution at Sg. Sat, Taman Negara
Pahang were conducted during UiTM 2nd Scientific Expedition at Taman Negara
Pahang in September 2020 and October 2021. Fish sampling was conducted
utilising gill nets, cast nets, and hook and line depending on the suitability of
sampling stations. A total of 700 fish specimens from 7 families and 24 genera
comprising 26 species were recorded during the sampling period with Rasbora
dusonensis being the most abundant fish sampled. To date, 49 fish species had been
recorded from Sg. Sat and Sg Keniyam. Game fishes were among the larger fish
sampled at Sg, Sat, with Tor tambroides had the highest fish biomass, while the
smaller fishes such as Rasbora dusonensis and Cyclocheilicthys apogon had the
highest fish density. Noting the various rivers within the Taman Negara Pahang
(Sg. Tahan, Sg. Terenggan, Sg. Keniyam, Sg. Sat, Sg. Sepia) and their tributaries,
current study is the recent report to describe the fish community and their
population. Such information is imperative for ecosystem level management of the
park. Determination of fish size distribution will allow better habitat management
and conservation of the fish communities of Taman Negara Pahang.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 97

ECO-O-066

Movements of Released Aquaculture Species of

Pangasius Nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) in Pahang River, Malaysia

Muhammad Ikhmal Roslan, Izharuddin Shah Kamaruddin*, Mohd Zafri Hassan and Aziz
Arshad

Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Fish movement and migration are common behaviors among freshwater fish
species around the world. Pangasius nasutus (the local name is “patin buah”) is an
indigenous freshwater fish species of Malaysia, predominantly inhabiting the
Pahang River, especially in Kuala Krau, Temerloh, Maran and Pekan areas.
However, the species shows some declining trends in its wild captures, and there is
no evidence exists about its movement patterns in the scientific literatures. This
study aimed to determine the movement patterns of P. nasutus along the Pahang
River using mark-and-recapture technique. The study was conducted for 15 months,
started from January 2023 to March 2024. All fish juveniles were purchased from
the local fish farmers with a size range from three to five inches of the total length
(TL). Meanwhile, the T- Bar tags were customized from Hallprint Pty. Ltd.,
Australia. The T-Bar tag contained information such as the researcher’s telephone
number and the fish individual tag number. A total of 1,200 fish juveniles were
tagged and were released into the Pahang River, monthly, at three (3) different
stations. As results, a total of 37 fish samples (n=37) were recaptured during the
study period, equalling to 3.08% of recapture rates. All samples were recaptured
either by the local fishermen or the recreational anglers, and were informed through
a phone call or text message to the researcher. Individually, P. nasutus with a tag
number of “1072” stayed the longest in the wild (228 days) with the farthest
travelled distance from its released station (78.84km). Meanwhile, P. nasutus with
tag number of “0852” exhibited the highest movement rates of 9.09rkm/d. All fishes
moved downstream except for one fish (tag number of “1146”). The findings
provide scientific evidence about the movement patterns of released aquaculture
species of P. nasutus in the wild, for a better management effort of the species in
the Pahang River, Malaysia.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 98

ECO-O-067

Migratory ecology of Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) revealed

by otolith stable isotope analysis

Chia-Cheng Ku, Jen-Chieh Shiao*

Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis, PBF) is a highly migratory species

traveling long distances across the Pacific Ocean, making fishery management
challenging. PBF is managed as a single stock although it has two known spawning
grounds in the Western North Pacific Ocean between the Philippine Sea and the
East China Sea (WNP), and the Sea of Japan (SoJ). During the juvenile stage, some
PBFs undertake transoceanic migration to the California Current Large Marine
Ecosystem (CCLME) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Investigating these migratory
patterns is crucial because PBF is fished by several countries throughout their life
stages. However, knowledge about PBF movement between spawning grounds and
their transoceanic migrations remains limited. To evaluate migratory patterns and
natal origins, we analyzed otolith δ13Coto and δ18Ooto stable isotope ratios of 93 PBFs
caught in WNP spawning grounds and 29 fish from the CCLME. The δ13Coto
analysis revealed a migratory life history as the predominant strategy within the
population. The migration pattern to the CCLME highlights the importance of these
eastern feeding grounds, likely due to upwelling providing abundant food sources.
Besides, δ18Ooto analysis indicated site fidelity and a higher contribution from the
WNP spawning grounds. Interestingly, fish in the CCLME were also determined to
originate from the WNP, suggesting a greater contribution from the WNP than the
SoJ spawning grounds. These findings emphasize the importance of conservation
efforts in the WNP spawning ground. By combining data from western and eastern
fish, this study suggests that the WNP spawning ground is highly productive and
contributes more migratory fish to the CCLME.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 99

ECO-O-068

Variations in reef fish productivity under contrasting environmental

conditions
Chiajung Berrica Tsai*, Chia-Hung Eric Liu, Vianney Denis

Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Fish productivity is a key component of reef functioning. It is influenced by biotic

and environmental factors and may play an important role in the resilience of coral
reefs together with other important ecological processes. In the present study, we
targeted on investigating the fish community composition in different reef habitats
at shallow (5 m) and upper mesophotic (30 m) depths in three different coral reef
regions (North: subtropical reef, Green Island: tropical reef, and Xiaoliuqiu: tropical
degraded reef in shallow water) of Taiwan and compared the somatic growth of
fishes in reefs classified as functional or dysfunctional depending on their
calcification and primary production rates. In the shallow waters, the highest
productivity was observed in subtropical reefs characterized by high calcification
and low primary production rates. In contrast, the lowest productivity was found in
degraded reefs with the lowest calcification rate. In the upper mesophotic waters,
the highest productivity was observed in the subtropical reef with lowest
calcification and low primary production. Conversely, Xiaoliuqiu, which had high
calcification, exhibited the lowest productivity. Herbivorous fish biomass
dominated in both tropical and degraded reefs, which corresponded to higher
primary production rates in these reefs. Overall, our study of key ecological
processes in reefs revealed important regional and depth differences that allowed
us to relate fish productivity to environmental context and reef condition. Extending
the current study to other reef locations around Taiwan could reveal the economic
repercussions of a widespread decline in reef function within this area.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 100

ECO-O-069

Ecomorpological adaptations of the gills in endemic species,

Hypselobarbus kurali (Cyprinidae) in diverse streams of Western Ghats
Paramasivan Sivakumar1*, Chinniyan Vijayakumar2, Jonnada A.V.Prasada Rao3,
Jegamohanan Anusha4

1
Research Department of Zoology, Madura College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, India
2
Department of Zoology, St. Andrew’s College (Autonomous), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
3
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, DDU Gorakhpur University,
Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
4
Department of Zoology, S.I.V.E.T. College, Gowrivakkam, Chennai – 600 073 India.
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Plasticity is common among fishes and the insight of this paradigm will provide
great understanding of ecological and evolutionary patterns of a particular species
in a species poor or species rich communities. Hypselobarbus kurali is a big sized
Cyprinid with its distribution in streams/rivers of Western Ghats in Karnataka and
Kerala. Based on the habitat conditions and the food availability, the change in the
gill raker morphology has been studied in four streams. Number of gill rakers in the
epibranchial and ceratobranchials both on the inner side and outer side, length of
gill rakers, space between adjacent gill rakers and number of gill filaments have
been used for the analysis. Much variation has been observed among the four
populations. Plasticity in the morphology of the gill rakers of various populations
can be attributed to the substrate types and food availability.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 101

ECO-O-071

Microplastic Contamination in the Surface Water and Fish Harvested

from Coastal Waters of Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District,
Aceh Province, Indonesia
Suci Budi Faradilla1, Lisna Yanti Siregar2, Nasrul Arahman 1, Zainal Abidin Muchlisin3*

1
Master Program of Environmental Management, School of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas
Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
2
Master Program of Marine and Coastal Resources Management, Prince Songkla University,
Thailand
3
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda
Aceh, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District are experiencing fast population growth
in Indonesia, which has an impact on waste production. These two areas are directly
adjacent to the coastal areas, so the waste produced has the potential to pollute the
sea and fish. Therefore, this study aims to analyze microplastic contamination in
surface sea water and three species of marine fish, namely, pepetek fish
(Leiognathus equulus), rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus), and sardine fish
(Sardinella gibbosa) caught in the coastal areas of Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar.
Sampling was carried out for three months, from January to March 2024, at three
locations, namely Gampong Jawa, Alue Naga, and Krueng Raya. The results
showed that there were four types of microplastics in the alimentary tract of fish,
namely, fiber, fragments, films, and pellets, with seven types of colors, namely,
black, brown, clear, blue, red, yellow, and green. The fragments and black were the
most dominant type and color of microplastic. In pepetek fish, the highest number
of microplastic particles was found in Alue Naga waters (4.51 particles/fish). In the
rabbish fish, the highest number of microplastic particles was also found in the
waters of Alue Naga (3.60 particles/fish), while in the sardine fish, the highest
number of microplastic particles was found in Gampong Jawa waters (3.77
particles/fish). Based on location, the highest abundance of microplastics was found
in Alue Naga (21.04 particles/L), and the lowest was in the waters of Gampong
Jawa (15.76 particles/L). The FT-IR test revealed that the microplastic fragments
were detected in pepetek, rabbit fish, and sardine fish, where polytetrafluorethylene
(PTFE) was found in pepetek, acrylonitrile butadine styrene (ABS) was found in
rabbish fish, and latex polymers were found in sardine fish. Therefore, it was
concluded that surface sea water and the three species of fish studied in this research
have been contaminated with microplastics and therefore unsafe to consume.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 102

ECO-O-072

Microplastics in The Digestive Tract of Fish in Jatigede Reservoir,

Sumedang, West Java

Niken Tunjung Murti Pratiwi1*, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal1, Aliati Iswantari1, Dwi Yuni
Wulandari1, Grin Tommy Panggabean2, Inna Puspa Ayu1, Fitri Afina Radityani3, and Edna
Sakina

1
Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB
University
2
Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ageng
Tirtayasa
3
Study Program of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science,
IPB University
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Jatigede Reservoir receives water masses and materials from the Cimanuk River,
such as nutrients, sediments, and waste, including microplastics. This study aims to
analyze the presence of microplastics in the digestive tract of caught fish in Jatigede
Reservoir. Fish samples were obtained from fishermen, fish collectors, and fish
farmers. Microplastic observations were carried out in the stomach and intestines
of fish through the stages of observing fish eating habits, extraction, followed by
FTIR analysis to determine the presence, abundance, and type of polymer.
Carnivorous fish have the highest amount of microplastics. There is a marked
difference between the amount of microplastics and the origin of fish intake. The
shorter the fish's gut, the greater the amount of microplastics found. Based on their
shape, the type of microplastic is dominated by fibers with a blue color. The most
common polymer found is nylon. The digestive tract of fish in Jatigede Reservoir
already contains microplastics of various types and colors, with varying amounts,
according to the nature of eating fish.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 103

ECO-O-073

Stocking-based fisheries in China’s lakes and reservoirs: trade-offs

between ecological conservation and resources utilization
Jiashou Liu*

State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology,

Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Stocking-based fisheries in lakes and reservoirs have been the main body of inland
fisheries which played a critical role in ensuring global food security for a long history,
especially in the developing China. However, due to the improper development of fast-
growing fisheries and aquaculture activities in such large waterbodies, negative
ecological and environmental impacts have also caused increasing concerns. In the
modern era, along with the decreasing of biodiversity and environment quality, the
ecological attributes of fisheries in large waterbodies have increasingly been
highlighted. Transformation and upgrading of fisheries development in large
waterbodies (LWBs) have thus been urgently required to achieve the sustainable future
of freshwater ecosystems. As such, it seems important to understand key trade-offs
between fisheries development and ecosystem conservation. In this paper, we trace the
historical development of lake and reservoir fisheries in China, we then focus on the
successful practices of stocking-based fisheries in LWBs. Lastly, we also provide
multiple recommendations and future prospects in developing lake and reservoir
fisheries in China.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 104

FISHERIES-O-074

Insights into Mackerel Population Dynamics in the Northern West

Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Effarina Mohd Faizal* and Muhammad Fathul ‘Adnin Zulpakar

Fisheries Research Institute Kampung Acheh, 32000, Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The population dynamics of Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and short

mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma) were investigated in the northern west coast of
Peninsular Malaysia. The study aimed to elucidate key parameters such as size
distribution, growth, mortality rates, and exploitation levels for both species. For
Indian mackerel, the size distribution ranged from 11.5 cm to 26.5 cm, with
estimated parameters L∞ (asymptotic length) of 26.15 cm and K (growth
coefficient) of 0.88 yr-1. The total mortality (Z) was calculated as 3.77, with natural
mortality (M) at 1.74 and fishing mortality (F) at 2.04. The exploitation rate (E) was
found to be 0.54, with an exploitation maximum of 0.70. In the case of short
mackerel, size distribution varied from 9.5 cm to 20.5 cm, with L∞ estimated at
19.43 cm and K at 0.72 yr-1. Total mortality (Z) was notably higher at 6.65, with
natural mortality (M) recorded at 1.68 and fishing mortality (F) at 4.97. The
exploitation rate (E) was calculated as 0.75, with an exploitation maximum of 0.63.
These findings provide valuable insights into the population dynamics of these
commercially important mackerel species in the region. Understanding these
parameters is crucial for sustainable fisheries management, particularly in the face
of increasing fishing pressure and changing environmental conditions. Further
research and management efforts are warranted to ensure the long-term viability of
mackerel stocks in the northern west coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 105

FISHERIES-O-075

Distribution Patterns and Density of Engraulidae Eggs and Larvae in

Pangkor Island, Perak: West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Nur Hidayah Asgnari*

Fisheries Research Institute Kg. Acheh, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, Fisheries Complex of Kampung
Acheh, 32000 Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study was conducted to determine the distribution patterns and density of
engraulidae eggs and larvae in Pangkor Island, Perak: West Coast of Peninsular
Malaysia. Sampling was conducted for four months from July to October 2023 at
20 stations in each month. Larvae were sampled using a larva net with a 500 µm
mesh size and sub-surface horizontal towing was carried out around Pangkor Island.
Fish eggs and larvae samples were observed under stereomicroscopy, identified to
the family level and preserved in 4% formalin. Density was calculated using the
number of anchovy eggs and larvae with volume water filtered, standardized to
1000 m3 and distribution was mapped using QGIS 3.2. The results showed that the
highest density of engraulidae eggs occurred in August 2023 with the average of
34.0 eggs/1000 m3, maximum 180.5 eggs/1000 m3 and minimum is 3.3 eggs/1000
m3 that distributed in the area near the shore. Meanwhile, the highest density of
larvae in September 2023 with the average of 23.8 larvae/1000 m3, maximum 192.2
individuals/1000 m3 and minimum is 0.3 individuals/1000 m3 that distributed in the
coastal area. Thus, the finding of this study provides the information on the
distribution patterns and density of engraulidae eggs and larvae in Pangkor Island,
Perak. This biological information can be used as primary data for fishery resources
management to ensure the sustainability of fisheries resources in Malaysia.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 106

FISHERIES-O-076

Preliminary Studies in Seasonal Migration Patterns of Early Life Stage

for Narrow-barred Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) in
waters of Taiwan

Li-Chi, Cheng1*, Yun-Sin Lo2, Jen-Chieh Shiao3, Hsing-Han, Huang1 and Jinn-Shing Weng1

1 Coastal Fishery Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
2 Fisheries Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Taipei city, Taiwan
3 Institute Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei city, Taiwan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

In order to understand the seasonal migration patterns in early life stage of narrow-
barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) with climate change, we
analyzed time-series δ18O values of otolith (δ18Ootolith) based on 17 specimens
collected in 2016~2017 and 2021~2023 around Taiwan, respectability. 80% of
specimens showed the lowest values (-2‰ ~ -3.7 ‰) in late spring to summer, with
the highest values in late autumn to winter. However, partial individuals δ18Ootolith
in winter 2022~2023 (-1.4‰ ~ -2.3‰) were lower than 2016~2017 (-0.5‰ ~ -
1.68‰). Seasonal patterns were determined through mean deviation analysis and
probability of occurrence estimation. S. commerson were mainly distributed in
coastal waters of China and western Taiwan in late spring to early summer, and
spread across Taiwan Strait in mid-late summer. During late-summer to mid-
autumn, specimens in 2016~2017 then migrated to East Sea and Okinawa Trough,
while individuals in 2012~2013 and 2022~2023 mainly distributed in Taiwan Strait
and edge of Okinawa Trough instead. In late autumn to winter, specimens in 2016
to 2017 then migrated southward to Taiwan Strait, northern South China Sea,
coastal waters of China and southwest Taiwan, then clustered along coastal waters
of China and southwest Taiwan; as partials in 2022~2023 were sporadically
patterned in edge of Okinawa Trough, southwest coastal of Taiwan, Taiwan Bank
and northern coastal of Philippines. S. commerson migrated northward to southern
Taiwan Strait and southwest coastal of Taiwan again in early spring. These
observations can provide useful information to facilitate fishery management in
future.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 107

FISHERIES-O-077

Purse Seine and Trawl Net Fishing Methods: Analysis on the Variance
in Commercial Fish Landing Size in Perlis
Mohd Faizal Abdullah, E., Ab Halim, M.H.*, and Zulpakar, M.F.A.

Fisheries Research Institute Kampung Acheh, 32000 Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The fishing industry plays a crucial role in Malaysia's socio-economic development,

particularly in the coastal and deep-sea fishing sectors. This study was conducted
at the LKIM Kuala Perlis fish landing jetty with the aim of comparing the
effectiveness of purse seine and trawl net fishing methods in capturing commercial
marine fish species. Specifically, the study focused on Rastrelliger brachysoma,
Rastrelliger kanagurta, Decapterus spp, and Parastromateus niger. The study
documented biological information, including length and weight measurements of
the fish upon landing. The results revealed significant differences in the proportions
of mature fish landed between the two methods. For Rastrelliger brachysoma, purse
seines demonstrated higher efficiency, with 56% of mature fish landed compared
to 31% by trawl nets. Similarly, purse seines outperformed trawl nets in capturing
mature Rastrelliger kanagurta, with only 15% and 17% respectively. Decapterus
spp. also showed a notable difference, with 59% of mature fish landed by purse
seines compared to 19% by trawl nets. Parastromateus niger exhibited the lowest
proportion of mature fish landed overall, with only 6% captured by purse seines and
1% by trawl nets. These findings highlight the importance of implementing
mitigation strategies to sustainably manage Malaysia's fisheries resources. Such
efforts are crucial for safeguarding both the fishing industry's socioeconomic
contributions and the ecological integrity of marine ecosystems.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 108

FISHERIES-O-078

Manifesting the optimal fishing grounds of Indian Scad (Decapterus

russelli) based on logbook data using oceanographic parameters and
mixed layer depth analysis in the Southeastern Indian Ocean
Al Fajar Alam1*, and Riza Yuliratno Setiawan2
1
Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2
Department of Fisheries, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Indian scad, a small pelagic fish, has significant potential for optimization in
the southeastern Indian Ocean, according to Minister Marine Affairs and Fisheries
Indonesia’s decree. However, limited knowledge about optimal fishing grounds and
oceanographic conditions poses challenges. In this research, we attempt to
investigate the seasonal fishing peak, habitat characteristics, the Indian Ocean
Dipole (IOD) and Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) influence, and the optimal net
immersion level. The data used were in situ logbook data from 2014-2023 reported
at Nizam Zachman Jakarta Fishing Port, and analyzed with remote sensing data
consisting of sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) from the
Microwave Climate Data Centre, sea surface chloropyll-a (SSC) concentration
from Aqua MODIS, ONI data from NOAA Climate Government, IOD index from
NASA satellite sea level observation, and the mixed layer depth (MLD) from
Copernicus Marine Data Store. We examined the process by performing statistical
analysis in Excel 2019 and mapping visualization in SeaDAS 7.2 and Q-GIS 3.32.
The results show that the peak season of Indian scad fishing occurred from January
to March and September to December, 2017 and 2522 tonnes of catch, respectively.
Most of the Indian scad were captured at 6-10°S and 96-100°E, on the water
characteristics with 28-29°C, 33.9-34.09 ‰ of salinity level, and 0.1 to 0.19 mg m-
3 of SSC concentration. The IOD and ONI index were identified as having a
positive influence. We suggest that the net immersion level should exceed 27 m to
enhance catch productivity.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 109

FISHERIES-O-079

Analyzing the Role of Women in Small-Scale Fisheries in Eastern

Indonesia

Zulfahri H. Siagian*, Siska Agustina, Harxylen Purnomo, Prayekti Ningtias, and Glaudy
Hendrarsa Perdanahardja

Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, Graha Iskandarsyah Fl. 3rd. Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya 66c
Jakarta, 12160, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

In small-scale fisheries, women play pivotal, yet frequently overlooked, roles across
the entire supply chain. A lack of documented evidence regarding the full extent of
their engagement diminishes its implications for the fisheries sector, particularly
concerning the well-being of fishing households. This study investigates the
overlooked roles of women in Indonesian small- scale fisheries, aiming to bridge a
vital gap in fisheries management information. By understanding and
acknowledging women's contributions, it seeks to inform decision-making
processes towards fostering more sustainable ocean-based livelihoods. Field visit
and interviews were conducted from November 2022 to May 2023, employing in-
depth interviews with 346 respondents across the three provinces in eastern
Indonesia: Bali, South Sulawesi, and West Nusa Tenggara. The fisherman wives in
these areas play crucial roles in processing, marketing, and providing operational
support, with degree of involvement ranging from 38% in pre-fishing operations to
9% in processing the catch. Between the three focal areas, West Nusa Tenggara
displayed the highest degree of involvement, the women’s multifaceted
contributions extend from equipment preparation to financial management,
indicating a well-established financial arrangement. Cultural, social, and economic
factors shape women's engagement in fisheries activities, emphasizing the necessity
for tailored approaches to promote their participation and empowerment. While
women's involvement correlates significantly with the profitability of fishing
operations, further research is needed to comprehend its full nuances. Overall, this
research underscores the importance of recognizing and harnessing the potential of
women in small-scale fisheries to achieve sustainable and inclusive fisheries
management in Indonesia and beyond.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 110

FISHERIES-O-080

The Investigation of the Physical-Chemical and Functional Properties

of Fish Gelatin from Warm-Water Fish
Cristalina Jalil Marsal* and Mohammad Bodrul Munir

Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali, Sinaut Campus, Tutong TB1741,
Brunei Darussalam
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Fish skin, a by-product of filleting, could be turned into value-added products,

reducing wastage. The objectives were to develop gelatin from Nile or black tilapia
skin (Oreochromis nilotica), characterize its physical-chemical, rheological and
thermal properties, as well as those of fish gelatin-whey protein mixtures, and to
create hydrolysates and evaluate their foaming properties in the presence and
absence of whey protein and green tea. Gelatin made from tilapia skins had 19-26%
protein (90.2 + 0.68%), low fat (0.62 + 0.03%), moisture (5.2 + 0.62%), and ash
(0.08 + 0.05%). Whey proteins were the most common ingredient in tilapia gelatin-
whey protein mixed gels. Gelatin phase contrast microscopy revealed a thin,
consistent and homogeneous network of tiny particles whereas whey protein
structure had bigger clumps. The gelatin-whey mixtures formed an appropriate
network. Gelatin had the highest foam FE (933%), followed by gelatin + whey
protein (853%) and gelatin hydrolysate + whey protein (767%), although there was
no significant difference (p>0.05). This was followed by a combination of gelatin,
whey protein, and green tea (575%), which was much lower (p<0.05). Gelatin +
whey protein + green tea compositions had considerably higher foaming stability
(47%), compared to gelatin + whey protein (34%), and gelatin + green tea (25%).
Tilapia gelatin surpassed whey protein alone (p<0.05). However, when mixed with
gelatin, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) above WP or TG alone. Tilapia
skin gelatin has good physico-chemical and rheological properties which may be
utilized as a substitute to mammalian gelatins in food applications.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 111

FISHERIES-O-081

Current Research on the Sperm Cryopreservation of Climbing Perch

Anabas testudineus in Indonesia: Progress and Challenges
Zainal Abidin Muchlisin1*, Siti Maulida2, Luvi Safrida Handayani2, Mehmet Kocabas3, Filiz
Kutluyer Kocabas4, Kartini Eriani5, Nur Fadli1

1
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda
Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2
Doctoral Program in Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Institute of Postgraduate Studies,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3
Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey
4
Faculty of Fisheries, Munzur University, Turkey
5
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala,
Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia.
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Climbing perch Anabas testudineus is a freshwater fish that has been initiated use
for aquaculture. Currently, breeding technology, especially sperm and oocyte
storage techniques of climbing perch were scarcely studied. A good quality
broodfish is produced a good quality of sperm or oocytes as well. To date, the
availability of high-quality brood climbing perch fish is rarely available from the
wild, therefore this is a challenge for researchers. Currently, there are only two
studies on cryopreservation (frozen storage) of climbing perch sperm in Indonesia,
while studies on oocyte storage are still in the examining and therefore, no report
was available. In sperm cryopreservation, there are several materials needed for the
cryopreservation process, such as an extender for sperm diluent, cryoprotectant as
a material to protect sperm from temperature shock and the negative effects of
micro-ice crystals formed during the freezing process, anti-oxidants to reduce the
oxidation process (ROS) during the freezing process and antibiotics to prevent
infection with pathogenic microorganisms. The results of the previous studies
showed that the glucose base was the best extender for climbing perch, while the
best type of cryoprotectant was DMSO at a concentration of 10%. Currently, a study
on the suitability of types and concentrations of oxidants and antibiotics is in
progress. It was concluded that research related to climbing perch sperm
cryopreservation is still at the development stage and currently shows quite good
progress. It is hoped that in the future a climbing fish sperm cryopreservation
method will be produced which is not only beneficial for fish farmers in Indonesia
and also abroad.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 112

FISHERIES-O-082

Variation of Zooplankton in Timah Tasoh Lake and its Potential

Nadiah Wan Rasdi*, Aisyah Saari and Syazwini Ahmad

Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Timah Tasoh Lake is man-made lake that is in Perlis, Malaysia, but information on
the zooplankton in the lake is still lacking as it has not yet been fully studied. The
aims of this study are to investigate the variation in zooplankton diversity, species
composition, and population abundance in various ecosystems and to assess the
potential for culture. Zooplankton species were chosen based on their growth,
survival, and life parameters. Three sampling areas were chosen, and each sampling
area collected three samples. Samples were collected horizontally using 30µm,
50µm and 100µm mesh size of plankton net horizontally. The lake's water quality
parameters show a salinity of 0.08 ppt, a temperature of 30.8 °C, a pH of 8.25, and
a dissolving oxygen level of 9.04 mg/l. The selected zooplankton, Moina
macrocopa, was cultured in the hatchery for observations of growth and survival
rate, for 15 days and the zooplankton were fed with four diets, which are
Coelastrum sp., Chlorella sp. mixed diets, and unfed (control). The Shannon
Diversity Index Formula was used to calculate the area's species diversity. One-way
ANOVA (SPSS) and post hoc Tukey’s were used to see the effects of different
types of diets on zooplankton growth and survival and to see the significant
difference among dietary treatments by calculating the growth and survival rates.
As a result, the highest percentage of hatching rate, survival rate, and specific
population growth rate of M. macrocopa were when the M. macrocopa were fed
with mixed diet. M. macrocopa that fed on Chlorella sp. contain the highest percent
on lipid and the highest percent of protein is when the M. macrocopa was fed with
Coelastrum sp. diet. This study is to identify the potential of zooplankton to be
cultured on land for use in the aquaculture sector.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 113

FISHERIES-O-083

Assessment of Fish Species Diversity and Ecology in Kenyir Lake,

Malaysia: Implications for Fisheries Management and Conservation
Sohreznny Esteri Jirin1, Estefania Loudres Sima1, Nurul Suhaila Mat Seman1, Farah Ayuni
Farinordin2, and Shazana Sharir1*

1 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, University Malaysia Terengganu 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
2 Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (Jengka Campus) 26400 Jengka, Pahang
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The inland fishery production in Malaysia contributes a relatively small portion to

the national fish production, accounting for 0.3% with 5569 metric tonnes, valued
at RM90.17 million. Monitoring the diversity, distribution, and biology of
freshwater fishes, particularly highly exploited species, is critical for balancing
fishery management and biodiversity conservation. This study focuses on assessing
the diversity of commercial fish species in Kenyir Lake, Malaysia, with a specific
emphasis on Barbonymus schwanenfeldii. Surveying tributaries from May to
October 2023, using three sets of gillnets with varying mesh sizes, 269 individuals
comprising 14 species were recorded. Cypriniformes represented the most diverse
order (86.62%), followed by Osteoglossiformes (5.58%), Anabantiformes (3.72%),
Siluriformes (3.72%), and Gobiiformes (0.37%). Barbonymus schwanenfeldii was
the most frequently encountered species, with 233 individuals observed.
Additionally, the survey documented the presence of Hypsibarbus wetmorei x
Barbonymus ginionotus, a hybrid species. Analysis of the length-weight
relationship and relative condition factor for B. schwanenfeldii revealed negative
allometric growth, with a mean growth coefficient (b) value of 2.916. The mean
relative condition factor (Kn) value was 1.324, indicating good condition within
Kenyir Lake. Stomach content analysis showed B. schwanenfeldii consumed
detritus (29%), plant matter (27%), insect fragments (26%), molluscs (5%), sand
(5%), annelids (3%), microplastics (2%), and nematodes (1%). This study
contributes crucial information to the ongoing efforts towards effective fishery
management and conservation practices in freshwater environments. Future studies
are suggested to include other commercially important species that play crucial
roles in the ecology of Kenyir Lake and contribute significantly to the local fisheries
market. This expansion would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the
lake's ecosystem dynamics and support informed management decisions for
sustainable resource utilization.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 114

FISHERIES-O-084

Effects of Cadmium and Lead Exposure on Glutathione Production in

the Embryonic Development Stages of Coastal Horseshoe Crab
(Tachypleus gigas)
Akbar John1*, Bryan Nelson2 Gao Liqing1, and Ahmad Jalal Khan Chowdhury3*

1 Environmental Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor
11800, Penang, Malaysia
2 InstitutBiodiversiti Tropika dan Pembangunan Lestari, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
3 Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali, Kampus Sinaut, Km 33 Jln Tutong Kampong Sinaut,

Tutong TB1741, Negara Brunei Darussalam

*Correspondence email: [email protected], [email protected]

This study examined the effects of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) exposure on
glutathione production and embryonic development in the coastal horseshoe crab,
Tachypleus gigas. Glutathione levels were measured using High-Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). While horseshoe crab eggs exhibited tolerance to
the tested heavy metals (up to 20 mg/L), no significant changes in glutathione
production were observed. However, embryonic development was negatively
impacted, with a positive correlation between developmental delay and heavy metal
concentration. These findings suggest that Cd and Pb exposure might hinder
development despite not affecting glutathione levels within the experimental range.
Further research exploring higher concentrations is necessary. This study
contributes to understanding the impact of heavy metal pollution on horseshoe crab
embryonic development, ultimately aiding in the development of conservation
strategies for this ecologically and medically valuable species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 115

FISHERIES-O-085

Exploring Banana Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis): A Study on

Breeding and Farming as an Alternative Species for Marine Shrimp
Aquaculture in Malaysia
Che Zulkifli Che Ismail*, Mohd Lazim Mohd Saif, Azlina Apandi, Aranja@ Suna A/P
Fong, Noor Shafida Mohamad Tarmizi, and Mohammed Suhaimee Abd. Manaf

Fisheries Research Institute Pulau Sayak, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 08500 Kota Kuala Muda, Kedah,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Banana shrimp is a local shrimp species of Malaysian waters. In the wild, maximum
length recorded was 24 cm and mainly caught by fishermen using gill net and trawl
net. The price range for grade A (18-25 pcs/kg) in the local market fluctuates
between RM50 to RM100, contingent upon seasonal variation. This study was
conducted to develop protocols for breeding and larvae rearing to produce seeds
and follow up by farming trial set up in earthen pond. Gravid female broodstocks
were obtained from local fishermen. The number of naupli produced by individual
broodstocks were counted and were associated with the body weight. The average
number of naupli produced by one broodstocks were determined. The naupli were
reared in hatchery using existing method for Penaeus monodon and Penaeus
vannamei. The PL 15 of the seeds were transferred to earthen pond for farming trial
with three set up of low stocking density (28 PL, 40 PL, 68 PL per square meter)
for a period of three to four months. The weight of wild gravid female broodstocks
recorded between 30 grams to 50 grams. The average of naupli count produced by
individual broodstocks was 82,916 ± 55,245. The minimum and maximum naupli
count from out of ten broodstocks were 10,000 and 195,000 respectively. There was
no correlation between size of the broodstocks with the number of naupli produced
(P>0.05). For farming trial. the results from set up 40 PL/m2 showed the specific
growth rate (SGR) was 4.5, FCR 2.1 and survival rate was 69.8 %. However, the
other set up, 28 PL/m2 and 68 PL/m2 showed poor results with survival rate only at
19.2 % and 12.6 % respectively. We need to conduct. A few more studies need to
be conducted before a conclusive conclusion can be drawn on this matter.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 116

FISHERIES-O-086

Size, Sex Ratio, Age and Growth Parameters of The Bottlenose

Wedgefish Rhynchobatus australiae From the East Coast of Peninsular
Malaysia, Malaysia

Muhammad Hanif Fadzli1* Ahmad Shaqiq Alizdi Ahmad Sharikin1, Serena

Adam3 and Rumeaida Mat Piah1, 2
1 Faculty
of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
2 Institute
of Oceanography and Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
3 WWF-Malaysia, 1 Jalan PJS 5/28A, Petaling Jaya Commercial Centre (PJCC), 46150 Petaling Jaya, Selangor,

Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The bottlenose wedgefish (Rhynchobatus australiae) is one of the most landed ray
species in Malaysia. However, its biological information is poorly studied hence
this study was conducted to describe the length-frequency distribution, sex ratio,
length-weight relationship, age and growth of R. australiae from Kuala Dungun,
Terengganu and Kuantan, Pahang. Samples were collected from June 2022 to June
2023 from trawl fishing gears. The size composition of R. australiae ranged
between 36.1 cm to 168.2 cm with the growth pattern varied depending on the
sexes. The sex ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.19 for Kuala Dungun and 1 : 0.96
for Kuantan. The age of this species that was determined by counting the number
of opaque zones in sectioned vertebrae revealed nine age groups. The Von
Bertalanffy growth parameters of this species was LT= 134.10 * [1 – exp (0.32 (t –
0.10))] for Kuala Dungun and LT= 109.80 * [1 – exp (0.49 (t – 0.21))] for Kuantan
representing moderate growth species. This study provides new references of R.
australiae in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, crucial for future conservation
and management strategies aimed at safeguarding the R. australiae species in
Malaysian waters.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 117

FISHERIES-O-087

Impact of potential diets on marine copepod, Oithona rigida to enhance

the quality of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) post-larvae

Aisyah Ashaari, and Nadiah Wan Rasdi

Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Copepods are a significant food source for marine shrimp in their natural
environment due to their favourable nutritional composition, ability to elicit feeding
behaviour, and diversity of size. The nutritional composition of copepods is mostly
influenced by their culture medium, with particular emphasis on the quality of the
feed. Microalgae is a rich source of HUFA and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
The nutrients found in microalgae are essential for zooplankton growth and
survival. Additionally, organic waste products have been studied to enhance the
nutritional value of live feed culture in hatcheries. Rice bran as a substitution for
microalgae can maintain copepod growth and reproduction to overcome the
shortage of microalgae supply in copepod culture. Then, Thraustochytrids have
been found to be beneficial to the aquaculture species due to its production of
several beneficial products such PUFA. The zooplankton can be enriched with live
cells and next by spray dried or freeze-dried mix pellet. The study of nutritional
requirement of Penaeus monodon is crucial to enhance its survival and growth. P.
monodon needs fatty acid such as DHA, EPA and ARA for growth and its
deficiency may affect its metamorphosis, moulting processes, and mortality. The
available data about the use of copepods in the early developmental stages of
crustaceans remains limited. Thus, this study aims to analyse the growth,
reproduction, protein and lipid of Oithona rigida when fed with various of potential
diets and next to observe dietary transmission mechanisms through the enriched O.
rigida for the P. monodon post-larvae.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 118

FISHERIES-O-088

Empowering Indigenous Law Communities: A Data-driven

Framework for TURF Reserve Development by Werur
Customary Community
in Tambrauw, Indonesia

Siska Agustina1*, Prayekti Ningtias1, Nandana Godjali1, Geertruidha A.

Latumaten2, Wawan B. IGede2, Zulfahri H. Siagian1, and Glaudy Hendrarsa
Perdanahardja1
1 Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, Graha Iskandarsyah Fl. 3rd. Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya 66c Jakarta, 12160,
Indonesia
2 People&Nature Consulting International. Jl Tukad Pancoran 15X Panjer Denpasar, Bali 80255, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Customary communities in Papua are well-known for their stewardship on natural

resources management, including Werur Customary Community in Tambrauw
through their Sasisen system. As this community mainly relies on nearby reef
fisheries for food security, the sustainability of the fisheries is unnegotiable.
Reflecting on that, a group of fishers, the Werur Customary Management Unit, and
Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara (YKAN) initiated an integration of Territorial
Use Rights for Fisheries (TURF) – Reserves approach to the established Sasisen
system. This study highlighted the data-driven process to identify measures for
TURF – Reserves approach. The initiation begins in June 2022 with participatory
data collection using Crew Operated Data Recording System (CODRS). By July
2023, six boats from six villages around Werur participated in the CODRS
generating 13.481 recorded length data from 50 caught species. A length-based
analysis using three parameters (i.e proportion of immature fish, exploitation rates,
proportion of mega-spawner), were carried out to assess the risk level of these
fisheries. A wide spectrum of risk level was identified across the 20 top species.
Further analysis using Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) was conducted for two
targeted species, Lutjanus gibbus and Lutjanus fulvus. The analysis on both species
resulted in SPR of lower than 25%, indicating these fisheries probably over-
exploits the stocks, and fishing effort needs to be reduced. An intense discussion
between shareholders suggested two key measures namely secure fishing access to
only Byak Karon Tribe and establishment of closed area system combining
permanent closure as reserves and seasonal closure as in the Sasisen system.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 119

FISHERIES-O-089

Estimating Population Dynamics of Lutjanidae Species in Tun

Mustapha Park, Sabah, Malaysia

Raymie Nurhasan1,2*, Christna Thomas2, Muhammad Ulama2, Mohd Omar

Bural2,
*B. Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto1
1 BorneoMarine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah,
Malaysia
2 MarineProgramme, WWF-Malaysia, No. 1 Jalan PJS 5/28A, Petaling Jaya Commercial Centre (PJCC), 46150
Petaling Jaya, Selangor
*Correspondence email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Members of the Lutjanidae are predatory species, and are commonly found in
tropical to subtropical waters in coral reef, seagrass and mangrove habitats. There
are 66 species recorded in the Western Central Pacific area, comprising 13 genera.
The larger members (Lutjanus spp.) with red or reddish body colouration are some
of the targeted species in the Live Reef Fish Trade (LRFT), a major food fish
industry in the Sabah. We investigated the recruitment, growth, mortality,
exploitation rate, and yield per recruit of lutjanid species within the Tun Mustapha
Park (TMP) targeted in the LRFT. The TMP is Malaysia’s largest multi-use marine
protected area (MPA), situated in the north of Borneo Island, and within the Coral
Triangle. Data were collected using the citizen science approach over a period of
41 months (August 2020 – December 2023) and covered 15 villages within the
TMP. Prior to data collection, citizen scientists comprising small-scale fishermen
and women from these villages and actively targeted the LRFT species, were
enrolled in a program on sustainable fishing. From this study, it was found that
Lutjanidae species is of great significance and is the most frequently caught by
small-scale fishermen in TMP. Lutjanids are often caught using traditional fishing
equipment like gill nets and hook and line, and sometimes fish traps. Ten species
from the Lutjanidae family: Lutjanus fulviflamma, L. johnii, L. vitta, L. russellii, L.
argentimaculatus, L. gibbus, L. lutjanus, L. rivulatus, L. decussatus, L. malabaricus
and L. sebae were identified and examined for population dynamics parameters.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 120

FISHERIES-O-090

Preliminary Study on The Biology and Stock Status of Lumi- lumi

Harpodon nehereus; Common Fish Species of Zone a Captured in
Sarawak Waters
Perceval Conder, Nurridan Abd Han, Qhairil Shyamri, Arfazieda Anuar, Izzati Nadhirah,
and Jamil Musel

Marine Resources Branch, Fisheries Research Institute Bintawa, Jalan Perbadanan, Pending, 93744 Kuching,
Sarawak, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Capture fisheries is the main support of the fisheries sector in Malaysia in general
and contributes the most necessary protein yield for the community through the
activities of fish landing at local jetties. Sarawak is one of the regions that is active
in capture fisheries, especially in the Zon A catchment area, which is mostly
artisanal fishermen or fishermen who fish traditionally. A team of researchers from
the Sarawak and Labuan Fisheries Research Institute, FRI Bintawa are actively
conducting Bio-socioeconomic studies on fishing activities, stock status, biology
and fisheries habitat in Sarawak waters. The main objectives of this study are to
determine the current stock status of the Lumi- lumi fish or scientifically known as
Harpodon nehereus which is very common in Zone A of Sarawak waters and to
provide latest scientific information on the status of this species to assist the
Department of Fishery Malaysia manage the fishery stock in Zone A with more
effective and sustainable measures. For morphometric data, each month, 300
specimens of the fish were measured and weighed, while as for biology data, gonad
development data, 50 specimens were gutted and gonad were weighed individually
every month. The results of FiSAT (Fisheries Assessment Tools) up to 2023, the
maximum exploitation rate was Emax =0.76 for region 1 Kuching where as for region
2 Sibu Emax =1.00 higher. Mortality rate, Z= 5.14 for region 1 Kuching was greater
than region 2 Sibu with Z= 3.30. Natural mortality M for region 1 Kuching was
higher with 1.72 compared to region 2 Sibu with only M=1.14. As for growth K,
was greater for region 1 K=0.97 compared to region 2 with only K=0.51. Based on
FiSAT results, we can assume that the stock status of Lumi- lumi in Sarawak waters
is still in optimum condition but more further studies on this species still need to be
conducted to ensured sustainable stock able to be achieved in the future.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 121

FISHERIES-O-091

A Genetic and Histological Analysis of Testicular Abnormalities

in the North African Catfish
Worapong Singchat1 *, Juniman Rey1, Wattanawan Jaito1, Thitipong Panthum1, Artem
Lisachov1, Ekaphan Kraichak1, Narongrit Muangmai1, Jiraboon Prasanpan2, Noppadon
Kitana3, and Kornsorn Srikulnath1
1 Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
2 KalasinFish Hatchery Farm (Betagro), Buaban, Yangtalad district, Kalasin 46120, Thailand4Department of
Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The worrying decline in Thailand's hybrid catfish products stems from the
deteriorating quality of North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) parent stock,
affecting growth and reproduction. With 50% of testes lacking necessary breeding
quality, fertilization issues persist, contributing to low hatching rates. Thus, this
study scrutinized African catfish testicular semen quality via genetic and
histological analysis. Fresh sperm from 15 male African catfish underwent
evaluation through computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), meiotic
chromosome analysis, gene expression profiling, histological examination, and
terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) to
pinpoint apoptotic cells. The results indicated low motility in African catfish sperm,
with an average motility of 11.15%. Additionally, African catfish spermatocytes
showed a dominance of zygotene in normal testes, while interphase was
predominant in abnormal ones. The pachytene percentage was higher in normal
testes compared to abnormal ones. Furthermore, normal male African catfish testis
exhibited significantly higher expression of GtHI, GtHII, dazl, and cxcr4b genes
than abnormal testis, while caspase3 and P53 genes showed lower expression than
abnormal testis (p≤0.05). Similarly, in the pituitary, GtHI, GtHII, dazl, and cxcr4b
gene expressions were higher than abnormal testis, with dazl being the only one not
significant. Caspase3 and P53 gene expressions were lower than abnormal testis
(p≤0.05). Histological analysis revealed that normal testes, in the mature gonad
phase, had seminiferous tubules dominated by spermatozoa, while abnormal testes
predominantly exhibited spermatogonia and spermatocytes. During apoptotic
observation, it was noted that cell death primarily occurred in the secondary
spermatogonia in abnormal testes. The study highlights stark differences in
testicular semen quality and gene expression in normal versus abnormal African
catfish testes, offering insights into Thailand's hybrid catfish production decline.
Urgent research and intervention are crucial for sustaining aquaculture productivity.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 122

FISHERIES-O-092

Giving the fruit extract of the pine merkusii in masculinizing

tilapia seeds through different methods

Fajar Maulana*, Rita Ariyani Ambar Astuti, and Agus Oman Sudrajat

Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java,
Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Masculinization was carried out with the aim of obtaining male monosex tilapia
seeds to accelerate the growth of tilapia. The synthetic hormone that is often used
in the process of masculinizing fish is 17α-Methyltestosterone (MT), but currently
its use is limited because it can leave residues. So we need natural materials that
can be substitutes in these activities. This study aims to determine the effect of
giving pinecone extract (EBP) with different methods. The larvae used were 5 days
old and reared for 60 days at a density of 100 individuals in each aquarium. There
were three treatments used, namely control (K), EBP immersion dose of 0.20 mL
L-1(I), and a combination of immersion dose of 0.20 mL L-1 and supplementation
of 2 mL kg-1 feed (IS). The highest male sex ratio was found in the IS treatment of
83.33 ± 5.09%, while in treatments I and K were 71.11 ± 6.67% and 50.00 ± 3.33%,
respectively. Based on this study, the best treatment was in the IS treatment
compared to the control treatment with an increase of 33.33%.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 123

FISHERIES-O-093

Understanding Mini Purse-Seine Fisheries in Indonesia from

Image-based Data
Shinta Yuniarta*, Glaudy Perdanahardja, and Peter J. Mous

Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara, Indonesia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Purse-seine fisheries operating in Indonesia's coastal and archipelagic waters target

various small pelagic species such as Auxis spp, Decapterus spp, as well as
juveniles of Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus albacares. However, a clear
understanding about fishing practices and catch composition is still lacking. We
developed an image-based data collection for purse seine fisheries in Indonesia
called Crew Operated Data Recording System (CODRS) program. CODRS enables
crew to share their observation on-board trough images of the catch, and of receipts
of supplies and sales slips. Thus, the collected images contain data on species,
length, their fishing situation, and financial transactions. We deployed CODRS on
20 purse-seiners that were operating in Indonesia Archipelagic Waters (IAW) from
September 2022 to August 2023. Our objective in this study was to describe
differences in catch composition between small (<30 GT) and large (30-100 GT)
purse seiners, and to assess dependency on anchored Fish Aggregating Devices
(FADs) vs. fishing on free-swimming schools. Small purse-seiners targeted small
pelagic species: Auxis rochei (26.8%), Decapterus macarellus (26.6%),
Katsuwonus pelamis (22.7%), Auxis thazard (10%), juvenile yellowfin tuna
Thunnus albacares (7%) and others (6.7%). Large purse-seiners (>30GT) targeted
large pelagic species, with an average catch composition as follows: Katsuwonus
pelamis (52.2%), juvenile Thunnus albacares (28.9%), and others (18.9%). All
purse-seiners in our study showed a high dependency on FADs (fish aggregating
devices) utilization. We concluded that small purse seiners and larger purse seiners
had different effects on stocks. Therefore, they should be managed as separate
fisheries.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 124

PUBLIC-O-094

Assessing fisher community outreach for wedgefish and giant

guitarfish conservation: a case study in Rembang, Central Java

Agavia K. Rahayu1*, Ayi Warmia1, Marsha Hamidah1, Muhammad Farhan1, Willy P.

Irawan1, Efin Muttaqin1, Fiki Hidayati1, Oktavianto P. Darmono1, and Irfan Yulianto1,2

1 Fisheries Resource Center of Indonesia (FRCI) of Rekam Nusantara Foundation, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
2 Department of Fisheries Resource Utilization, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Wedgefish (WF) and giant guitarfish (GGF) are economically important fisheries
commodities in Indonesia, sought mainly for their high-priced fins. These rhino
rays are deemed critically endangered in the IUCN Red List due to overfishing and
habitat degradation which depleted their populations. Since 2021, the Fisheries
Resource Center of Indonesia (FRCI) has initiated a community outreach using
door-to-door campaigns, FGDs, and strategically-placed banners with the goal of
educating fishers to release the captured WF and GGF. In 2024, a survey was
conducted using a 7-scale Likert questionnaire on 95 fishers in Rembang, Central
Java to assess the community outreach and identify the factors influencing fishers’
willingness to release the captured rays. The data was analyzed using Structural
Equation Modeling (SEM) and descriptive statistics. The results show that 60% of
fishers are very willing to release the WF and GGF juveniles (length < 120 cm).
The SEM indicated that knowledge on fisheries management and willingness to
conserve WF and GGF have significant effect on fishers’ willingness to release the
captured juveniles. However, discrepancies were found between fishers’ perception
and attitude, as in practice, only 25% of fishers frequently release WF and GGF,
while the rest are reluctant due to barriers such as economic, waste, and operational
costs. These results demonstrated the need for barrier removal to realize
conservation measures through increasing community awareness, involving
fisheries extension officers in outreach activities, and devising incentive schemes
to reward sustainable practices.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 125

PUBLIC-O-095

Fisher participation on rhino-rays data collection and juvenile

release: Citizen science implementation in Rembang, Central
Java, Indonesia
Marsha Hamidah1*, Ayi Warmia1, Agavia K. Rahayu1, Muhammad Farhan1, Willy P.
Irawan1, Efin Muttaqin1, Fiki Hidayati1, Oktavianto P. Darmono1, Mohamad Natsir2, and
Irfan Yulianto1,3

1 Fisheries Resource Center of Indonesia (FRCI) of Rekam Nusantara Foundation, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency – Indonesia
3 Department of Fisheries Resource Utilization, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study focusses on rhino-rays data collection and juvenile release campaign,
two families of rhino rays, namely wedge fish and giant guitarfish, are still targeted
by demersal fisheries due to their high economic value in Rembang, Central Java
Indonesia, one of the main rhino-ray landings in Indonesia. Rhino-ray data are still
limited in Indonesia, to increase the data collection of rhino-rays catch as well as
the awareness from the fishers, citizen science framework was implemented in
demersal fisheries fishers in Rembang. This paper describes the results and lessons
learned from the implementation of citizen science scheme. Data collection was
started in January 2023, 8 captains were recruited and collaborated as ‘local
champions’, after completing the training for the identification and data entry
protocol they regularly collected data on daily rhino ray catch, total length, and
fishing ground locations. Based on the collected data, citizen science proved to be
a viable alternative method for identifying critical locations, namely the spawning
grounds of wedge fish and giant guitarfish. As the result of increasing awareness
processes, these champions have released a total of 33 rhino-rays juveniles back
into the wild and documented them. The future work of this study, it is important
to increase data quality by improving identification level, performing periodic
workshops as a capacity building and refreshment for champions, for the long-term
improvement the involvement of all stakeholders need to be increase and the
development of alternative incentives scheme for the data collectors.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 126

PUBLIC-O-096

Heavy Metals Accumulation and Human Health Risk Assessment of

Fish Consumption in Kendari, Indonesia

Nadya Cakasana1*, Gilles Radenac2, Ita Widowati3, Ambariyanto3

1 Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University,
Bogor, Indonesia
2 LIENSs 7266 CNRS, Université de La Rochelle, 17000 La Rochelle, France
3Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang,

Indonesia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Kendari, South Sulawesi, where the majority of the population consumes fish, has a
coastal area that is dense with activity. This research was conducted to analyze the
heavy metal content As, Hg, and Pb in consumption fish and measure the maximum
safe intake for adults and children. A total of 7 types of fish (Lethrinus ornatus, Caranx
sexfasciatus, Variola albimarginata, Lutjanus gibbus, Epinephelus hexagonatus,
Chanos chanos) from the fish market in Kendari in October 2016 were taken to analyze
their heavy metals (As, Hg and Pb). Heavy metals were analyzed using ICP-MS then
Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ) were measured
using references from PTDI (Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake) from EFSA and US-
NRC. The results showed that As concentrations ranged from 1.14 – 10.93 µg/g dw,
Hg concentrations ranged from 51.25 – 717.76 ng/g dw, and Pb concentrations ranged
from 0.01 – 0.05 µg/g dw. In general, the most accumulated metals were in the
predatory fish Lutjanus gibbus. Based on the results from EDI and THQ, the most toxic
metal for men, women and children is Hg. Children should also be wary of As. THQ
is generally less than 1 except for Hg in Lethrinus ornatus.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 127

INV-O-097

Predicting the Invasive Potential of Mozambique Tilapia

(Oreochromis mossambicus), An Established Indian Mainland
Non-native Fish, in The Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Mohamed Nisin, K. M. N.1,2, Sreenath, K. R.1*, and Miriam Paul Sreeram1
1 ICAR - Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, Kerala, India - 682 018
2 School of Marine Science, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India - 682 022
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), an oreochromine cichlid fish,

native to southeastern Africa's inland and coastal waters, has become invasive in
introduced ranges worldwide. The affordability and ease of culturing have made
Tilapia one of the most sought-after aquaculture fish species, often called aquatic
chicken. Mozambique tilapia has been listed as one of the 100 worst invasive
species in the world by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG). In the Indian
subcontinent, the species was introduced as a livelihood option for fishers in the
1950s. Since then, it has become widespread, established and invasive in the
freshwater and brackish water systems, impacting local ecosystems and native
species. Reports of the species first being introduced to the Andaman & Nicobar
Islands (A&N) Islands are from 2018. This study worked to identify habitat
suitability and invasiveness of the species in the A&N Islands, a biodiversity
hotspot. An ensemble species distribution modelling approach was used, which
combined ten individual correlative model algorithms. The individual models
combined species occurrences with environmental variable data to build correlative
distribution models. The results predict very high habitat suitability for the species
in freshwater stretches of the A&N Islands. Amongst nine predictor variables, the
mean temperature of the driest quarter was identified as the one most influencing
Tilpaia distribution. Considering the rich diversity and isolated nature of island
ecosystems, Mozambique Tilapia is a potent invasive species capable of disrupting
the ecological balance and causing an ecological cascade of the island’s food web
and ecosystem services.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 128

INV-O-098

Bridging the Genetic Chasm: Satellite DNA Sequence Divergence

Links to Meiotic Failure in Hybrid Catfish Males of Bighead and
North African Catfish
Thitipong Panthum1*, Artem Lisachov1, Worapong Singchat1, Syed Farhan Ahmad1, Pish
Wattanadilokcahtkun1, Kednapat Sriphairoj2, Sittichai Hatachote2, Aingorn Chaiyes1, and
Kornsorn Srikulnath1

1 Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Unit (AGB Research Unit), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
2 Faculty of Natural Resources and Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province
Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Hybrid sterility, a characteristic of postzygotic isolation, arises from differences in

parental genomes disrupting the process of meiosis. While chromosomal
incompatibility is frequently implicated, the specific mechanisms remain elusive.
This investigation delved into meiotic behavior and genome-wide disparities in
bighead catfish (C. macrocephalus), North African catfish (C. gariepinus), and
their sterile male hybrids (significant in aquaculture). Repetitive DNA analysis
utilizing bioinformatics and cytogenetics unveiled substantial divergence in
satellite DNA (satDNA) families between the parental species. Remarkably, one
hybrid displayed successful meiosis and sperm production, hinting at potential
variability in sterility manifestation. Our discoveries propose that genome-wide
satDNA divergence, rather than differences in chromosome numbers, is likely a
contributing factor to meiotic breakdown and male sterility in these catfish hybrids.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 129

INV-O-099

Effects of Salinity on Survival and Growth of Mozambique

Tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus, an alien fish in Songkhla
Lagoon, Thailand

Rohanee Noosa-nguan, Sirinthorn Hongsakul, Suebpong Sa-nguansil*,

and Kringpaka Wangkulangkul

Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study aims to assess survival and growth rate of Mozambique Tilapia
Oreochromis mossambicus collected from the alien population invading Songkhla
lagoon, Thailand. The fish samples were kept for 60 days in five different salinities
of water (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 ppt), 3 aquaria for each treatment. Within an
aquarium, the tip of different order of dorsal fin spines were cut for the purpose of
individual identification. Information on the weight of each fish were collected at
the beginning and the end of the experiment and then specific growth rates (SGR)
were calculated. Survival rates of each treatment were defined daily. The results
showed that the fish tolerated to wide range of salinity. The survival rates of the
fish in the 0, 10, 20 and 30 ppt treatments appeared to be high (>90%), whereas it
showed low survival rates in the 40 ppt treatment (17%). In contrast, the
information on growth showed that the fish kept in different salinities exhibited the
different SGR (p<0.001), the higher salinity the higher SGR. This information
indicates that O. mossambicus need fairy salty water to maximize their fitness by
experiencing higher survival and growth ra
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 130

INV-O-100

Strongly Adaptive of Alien Species: Potential Loss and Increasing Risk

of Native Fishes Species and Riverine Ecosystem in Citarum
Yonvitner1,7,10*, Sugiarti2, M Yamin3, L P Astuti4, R Ginanjar 4, S Murniasih3, Jiri
Patoka8,10, Surya Gentha Akmal7,10, Sulistiono1, M Zamroni6, Mennofatria Boer1, Annisa7,
and Craigh Sherpman9

1 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science. IPB University
2 Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources - National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of
Indonesia (BRIN)
3 Research Center for Fishery - National Research and Innovation Agency, Republic of Indonesia (BRIN)
4 Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources - National Research and Innovation

Agency, Republic of Indonesia

5 Research Center For Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources - National Research and Innovation

Agency (BRIN)
6 Research Center For Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources - National Research and Innovation

Agency (BRIN)
7 Centre for coastal and marine resources studies (CCMRS)- IPB University. Jl Padjajaran No 1, Br Siang

Campus, Bogor. 16680

8 Faculty of Life Science and Fisheries, Czech Zemedelska University, Praque
9 Faculty of Environmental at Deakin University, Melbourne Australia
10 Bioinvasion research group. IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The impact of invasive species is very serious on native population and aquatic
ecosystem. Recently on wide area of Citarum river ecosystem, a research conducted
from 2006-2021 shown the changes in alien and native fish species dramatically. The
observation at 5 sampling site in Jatiluhur, Cirata, Saguling and Upstream Citarum
reservoir used as basic data to evaluate of alien risk both of on fish and ecosystem. The
observation result show that recorded fish diversity between 5-26 species, whatever
biodiversity in Cirata is still classifies as the highest. Since 2006, the diversity of alien
species has increase over the native species since 2019 to 2021. The Cirata reservoir
and Jatiluhur reservoir have recorded an alien species composition more than 50%.
Some species that have the potential to disappear include Chitala lopis, Labeo
crysophaekadion, Macrognathus aculeatus, Mystus micracanthus, Pangasius jambal,
Wallago atu. Others alien that also recorded were C. quadricarinathus, P. clarkii, and
Cherax destructor in Saguling Reservoir. Overall, the percentage of invasive species
reaches 48% of the population in the Citarum River, where in 2021 it will see an
increase of 68%. This means that the biodiversity of native fish is only 32% of the
population in the Citarum River. The increasing of alien species also strongly impacts
to increasing risk to ecosystem and population.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 131

INV-O-101

Can Hybrid Fishes Naturalise in Coral Reef Habitats of Singapore?

Piero Chan1, and Zeehan Jaafar2*

1 Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

2 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

In 2015, a pair of hybrid groupers were observed in the natural coastal habitat within
the western Singapore Straits, exhibiting breeding behaviours. This observation led to
speculations that these hybrid specimens may be fecund or that they are naturalizing in
natural seascapes of Singapore. Varying species of groupers are purposefully
hybridised to obtain offspring with desirable traits. The hybrid specimens in this
instance are the TGGG Hybrid Groupers, typically cultured in open sea cages and
kelongs in Singapore; but individuals escape from these facilities or are introduced to
wild spaces through mercy releases. We launched a study to understand if escapee
hybrid groupers are using natural coastal habitats. We employed several methods to
learn the distribution of these hybrid groupers within the Singapore and Johor Straits—
assessment of catch reports from 2013-2020, capture surveys, Baited Remote
Underwater Video Systems, and in-situ visual surveys on SCUBA. Our data identifies
the Eastern Johor Strait as a hotspot for these hybrid groupers, but they are not
naturalised in coral reef areas. Breeding between hybrid animals is unlikely, and we
surmise that spawning behaviour observed in hybrid groupers may not result in actual
spawning, or viable offspring. Present populations within natural areas are likely to
comprise escaped individuals that may enter coral reef habitats but are unlikely to
significantly compete for resources with native grouper species.
Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 132

ABSTRACT

 Poster
Presentations
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 133

PO-001

The Feasibility of Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Approach for

Freshwater Fish Biodiversity Monitoring in Kinabalu Park, Sabah,
Malaysia

Chen Lin Soo1*, Jasrul Dulipat1, and Tadashi Kajita2

1 Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
2 Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Uehara, Taketomi, Yaeyama,
Okinawa, Japan
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Kinabalu Park, the first World Heritage Site in Malaysia, is the largest remaining
transboundary rainforest in the world, known as the Heart of Borneo. Regular
biodiversity surveys and monitoring are critical for assessing nature reserves and
making informed park management decisions. However, the fish survey continues to
rely solely on conventional fish capture-based survey methods, which are deemed
inappropriate for implementation in Kinabalu Park. Environmental DNA (eDNA)
metabarcoding has been proposed as a comprehensive and non-invasive alternative for
fish biodiversity surveys. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the feasibility of
eDNA metabarcoding for fish biodiversity surveys in Kinabalu Park. Water samples
were collected from a total of 18 stations covering an altitude range from 191 m to
3265 m above sea level (asl) within Kinabalu Park. The eDNA was extracted, the 12S
rRNA fragment was amplified using the MiFish primer set, and library preparation was
performed for the next-generation sequencing (iSeq 100). Approximately one million
reads were assigned to 53 fish operational taxonomic units (OTU) after data processing
and taxonomic assignment. The eDNA metabarcoding approach detected a higher
number of species known to Kinabalu Park; however, the identification was only
partially accurate. The primary limitation of using the eDNA technique for fish surveys
in Kinabalu Park is the lack of sequences for fish species in public databases, notably
the 12S mitochondrial gene regions. The establishment of a DNA barcoding library for
fish in the park is critical to the successful application of eDNA in fish biodiversity
monitoring.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 134

PO-002

Assessment and Monitoring of Malaysian Peat Swamp Biodiversity

Using Traditional Surveys and Environmental DNA
Azamuddeen Nasir1*, Qasim Ayub1, Sadequr Rahman1, Holly Barclay1, Wee Wei Yee1, Song
Beng Kah1, Muhammad Zarul Hanifah1, and Mohd Ilham-Norhakim Lokman2

1Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Environmental Management and Conservation Reserach Unit (eNCORe), Faculty of Applied Science and

Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (Pagoh Campus), KM1 Jalan Panchor, 84600, Johor, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Freshwater ecosystems are one of the most threatened environments in the world.
However, the best way to monitor and manage these environments in order to conserve
freshwater biodiversity remains underexplored in tropical regions. The potential
benefits of monitoring aquatic environments using environmental DNA (eDNA)
include higher detection sensitivity, cost efficiency and less disruption to species and
habitats. Questions remain about the best methods to use for generating reliable
presence/absence data for aquatic species particularly in habitats that have high acidity
and humid content. The field site of this research is in the North Selangor Peat Swamp
Forest (NSPSF) in the State of Selangor Malaysia, where the area is threatened by the
conversion of tropical forest ecosystems into oil palm plantations. The objectives of
this project are; 1) to map the distribution of fishes found in the NSPSF and surrounding
oil palm habitats, and to identify important habitat characteristics that are associated
with these fish species; 2) identify suitable DNA barcode markers to distinguishing the
different species of fish found in NSPSF; and 3) test the potential for eDNA in water
samples to be used for monitoring the presence of freshwater fish in tropical peat
swamp environments. Through these objectives, this research seeks to fill critical
knowledge gaps and provide insights that can inform conservation efforts in NSPSF
and similar ecosystems. By combining traditional field methods with eDNA
techniques, this study aims to contribute to more effective monitoring and management
strategies for tropical freshwater biodiversity conservation.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 135

PO-003

Revolutionizing Biodiversity Monitoring: Environmental DNA Analysis

in Malaysia's Putrajaya Lake

Siti Khadijah Abd Aziz¹, Nurul Nadiah Mohd Firdaus Hum², Zamzam Tuah
Ahmad Ramly³, and Norfatimah Mohamed Yunus ¹*

1 School of Biology, Faculty Applied Science, University Technology Mara, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor
2 School of Chemistry & Environment, Faculty of Applied Science, University Technology Mara, 40450 Shah
Alam, Selangor
3 Enviro Exceltech Sdn Bhd, A-G-09, Univ 360 Place, Jalan Raya 2, Taman Serdang Jaya, 43300 Seri
Kembangan, Selangor
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Aquatic habitats in Malaysia are crucial for the country's economic and social growth,
providing essential resources like food, water, energy, and transportation. However,
freshwater ecosystems face alarming rates of species extinction, necessitating urgent,
effective biodiversity monitoring strategies. To address this, we propose employing
environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques in Putrajaya Lake, a significant freshwater
ecosystem. eDNA offers non- invasive, highly sensitive species detection by analysing
biological material released by organisms into the environment. Putrajaya Lake,
divided into six zones based on specific activities, serves as an ideal location for this
study. Despite the diligent efforts of the Department of Fisheries, conventional methods
employed since 2000 for fish species inventories have sometimes faced challenges
related to efficiency and accuracy. In contrast, eDNA promises to revolutionize
monitoring efforts, providing comprehensive insights into fish population distribution
and biomass without ecosystem disruption. Through state-of-the-art eDNA sampling
and advanced data analysis, this project aims to enhance understanding of Putrajaya
Lake's biodiversity. By doing so, it will inform conservation and management
strategies, contributing to the sustainable use of Malaysia's aquatic resources. In
conclusion, the adoption of eDNA for biodiversity monitoring represents a critical step
toward safeguarding freshwater ecosystems and their invaluable contributions to
Malaysia's prosperity and well- being.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 136

PO-004

eDNA Metabarcoding Sheds Light on Fish Community Structure in

Philippine Mangroves

Christian Jay R. Nob2, Allyn Duvin P. Hinoguin1,2, Jessah P. Trillo2, Abner C. Evasco Jr.2,
Jerpe E. Honghong Jr.2, Yukinobu Isowa3, Earl Kevin T. Cooper2, Nonillon M. Aspe1,2,
Erwin Jones A. Tucong1,2, Ruby C. Gonzales1,2, Roger G. Dolorosa5, Thesa R. Mendoza6,
Dixon T. Gevaña7, Renan U. Bobiles8, Frederick B. Cabactulan1, Venus E. Leopardas1,2*,
Tadashi Kajita3,4
1College of Marine and Allied Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental 9023
Philippines
2Marine Invertebrates Laboratory, Mindanao State University at Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental 9023
Philippines
3Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 870 Uehara, 8 Taketomi-cho,

Yaeyama-gun, Okinawa 907-1541 Japan

4United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima City,

Kagoshima 890-0065 Japan

5College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Western Philippines University – Puerto Princesa Campus, Sta.

Monica, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan 5300 Philippines

6College of Fisheries and Marine Science, Aklan State University - New Washington Campus, Washington,

Aklan 5610 Philippines

7College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna 4030 Philippines
8Coastal Resources Management Unit, Bicol University Tabaco Campus, Tayhi, Tabaco City, Bicol 4511

Philippines
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The mangrove ecosystem is vital for fish biodiversity, yet our understanding of its
faunal dynamics remains insufficient. This study presents fish composition,
distribution, and trophic levels in coastal (CMH) and riverine (RMH) mangrove
habitats in the Philippines using eDNA metabarcoding. Twenty-four (24) eDNA
water samples were collected during northeast monsoon (Amihan) from December
2023 to January 2024 in Batangas (CMH, n=6), Catanduanes (CMH, n=6), Aklan
(RMH, n=6), and Palawan (RMH, n=6) and analyzed using 12S genetic markers. The
analysis revealed a total of 161 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs)
annotated to species level. CMH exhibited 142 species, while RMH had 118 species.
Despite their comparable richness, RMH displayed higher diversity and evenness than
CMH (Shannon index: RMH=2.32, CMH=2.20), albeit with no statistical difference
(ANOVA, p>0.05). Significant differences in species’ habitat affinities and
ecological niches were found between CMH and RMH (p<0.05), while no significant
difference was observed in trophic levels (p>0.05). Most species in CMH were purely
marine, while RMH was dominated by species adaptable to freshwater-brackish-
marine conditions. Reef-associated species made up the majority in both habitats.
Carnivorous species dominated in both habitats, followed by omnivores and
herbivores. PERMANOVA analysis revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) in fish
composition between CMH and RMH, showing distinct clusters (stress=0.11)
through nonmetric multidimensional scaling plot. While both habitats were primarily
inhabited by Gobiidae family, Lutjanus species predominated in CMH, whereas
Ambassis species were prevalent in RMH. This study provides crucial insights into
mangrove habitat biodiversity dynamics, supporting evidence-based conservation
and management strategies.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 137

PO-005

Does the Zhenbei seamount in the South China Sea harbor distinctive
biodiversity? A primary study based on eDNA metabarcoding

Xiaofei Chen1,2, Hui Jia1,3, and Hui Zhang1*

1 CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
2 College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
3School of Oceanography, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The seamounts may play a role in shaping the biodiversity of the surrounding
continental coastal waters. However, the diversity, composition, and distribution of
eukaryotic species in the seamount regions of Zhenbei remain largely unexplored. In
this study, we utilized eDNA metabarcoding to analyze the biodiversity of four
communities in Zhenbei seamount and investigated their biogeographical distribution
and its relationship with environmental factors. We identified single-celled organisms
(phytoplankton with 158 species) to multicellular organisms (invertebrate metazoans
with 163 species and fish with 82 species). However, compared to other communities,
the fish community structure was more stable. The topography and hydrological
environment around the seamount influence the connectivity of phytoplankton and
invertebrates in both horizontal and vertical directions. In comparison to deep-sea
basins and cold spring habitats, invertebrate and fish communities in the Zhenbei
seamount exhibited higher taxonomic unit richness, while the phytoplankton
community showed equivalent or lower taxonomic unit richness. Despite the
differences in species richness at the Zhenbei seamount, the combined species
displayed unique dominant species and communities within the seamount.
Furthermore, water depth was identified as a fundamental factor influencing the
community structure of phytoplankton and invertebrates. Our research has highlighted
the impact of the Zhenbei seamount on the composition and diversity of assemblage
communities, contributing to a deeper understanding of seamount ecosystem structure
and promoting biodiversity conservation.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 138

PO-006

Assessment of Water Quality for Mollusc Farming in the Sungai

Merbok Estuary

Mohd Nor Azman Ayub*, Roziawati Mohd Razali, Masazurah A. Rahim, Intan Nurlemsha
Baharom, Najihah Mohamad, and Muhammad Farouk Harman

Fisheries Research Institute, 11960, Batu Maung, Penang, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Sungai Merbok region in Kedah, renowned for its mangrove ecosystems, serves
as a site for marine aquaculture activities, including marine culture in floating cages,
as well as the cultivation of shrimp and molluscs, alongside wild mollusc harvesting.
The area is influenced by various anthropogenic sectors such as agriculture, residential
settlements, and manufacturing, leading to environmental challenges. Increased
nutrient levels from human activities have caused declining water quality, leading to
lower oxygen levels that harm fish populations. This study aims to assess the presence
of potentially harmful microalgae in water samples collected from oyster farms. The
study also includes the concentration of fecal contamination indicators, namely fecal
coliform bacteria and E. coli, including identifying the presence of pathogenic
microorganisms such as Salmonella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus,
and Hepatitis A virus. Furthermore, the study also focused on detecting Paralytic
Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins and microplastics in both water samples and oyster
tissues. Monthly data acquisition of water samples and oyster specimens was
conducted at specific sites along Sungai Merbok. Analysis of physicochemical
parameters and microbial content revealed substantial total and fecal coliform bacteria
levels in the water samples, classified as Class IIA, indicative of pollution. Oysters
obtained from the study sites were classified as Class B, indicating they are unfit for
raw consumption. Moreover, the oyster samples exhibited low levels of PSP toxins,
suggesting the presence of potentially harmful algal species in the region, such as
Alexandrium sp., Dinophysis caudata, D. novergica, Pseudo-nitzschia, and
Prorocentrum micans. These findings emphasize the potential risks to human health
associated with water usage and seafood consumption in the area. Continuous
monitoring efforts are essential to safeguard the seafood industry and ensure the safety
of seafood products for consumers.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 139

PO-007

Fiber-Dominated Microplastic Pollution in Green Mussels and Oysters

from Sungai Merbok, Kedah
Najihah Mohamad*, Masazurah A. Rahim, Intan Nurlemsha Baharom, Mohd Nor Azman
Ayub, Roziawati Mohd Razali, and Mohd Farouk bin Harman

Impact Assessment Research Centre, Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), Jalan Batu Maung, 11960 Batu Maung,
Penang, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Bivalve molluscs, such as green mussels (Perna viridis) and oysters (Magallana spp.),
are widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems, particularly in nearshore coastal zones,
and are a significant source of food globally, either from wild or cultivated sources. As
filter-feeding organisms, they can be used as indicators of aquatic pollutants, including
microplastics. Microplastics, which originate from larger plastics, pose a threat to food
safety when ingested. In this study, microplastics were detected, quantified, identified,
and compared in samples of green mussels and oysters from Sungai Merbok, Kedah.
Microplastics were present in 94.66% of the samples, with a total of 970 particles. The
average value of microplastics was 4.47 ± 3.21 particles in mussels, while in oysters,
it was 3.27 ± 2.60 particles. Fibers in blue, black, and colorless were the most prevalent
in these samples. The prominence of particles smaller than 1 mm signifies a risk to
both bivalves and humans who consume them. Correlation of microplastics abundance
to weight was observed, yet only oysters recorded a slight positive correlation (0.14).
Despite both species being filter feeders, microplastics ingestion rates differed,
suggesting variation in activity level and food capturing strategies. Further studies are
needed to assess the impact of microplastic contamination in bivalves and to better
define the human risk associated with microplastic exposure from bivalve
consumption.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 140

PO-008

Prioritising the management of the aquatic invasive alien species (IAS)

in Malaysia: challenges and current research
Haslawati Baharuddin1*, Mohamad-Sufiyan Salmi1, Wan Azman Wan Ismail2, Nor Amlizan
Ramli2, and Adibah Abu Bakar3

1FisheriesResearch Institute (FRI) Glami Lemi, 71650 Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Branch,
Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
3Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI),

35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The invasion of alien species is considered a major threat to biodiversity. The

introduction of aquatic non-native species mainly for aquaculture and aquarium
industry and their possible escapees has led to emerging challenges in management
measures. As proposed by the National Policy on Biological Diversity, in line with the
United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals 2030 and Convention on Biological
Diversity, the IAS pathway and priority species must be identified and control
measures must be executed. Here, we reviewed the risk assessment as one of the
management challenges in prioritising IAS species and then discussed some mitigation
measures. The assessment criteria were adopted for developing the National Action
Plan (NAP) for Invasive Alien Species 2021-2025; which consists of three main
sectors: agriculture and forestry, animal and animal-borne disease and fisheries and
marine. The priority species in the fisheries and marine sectors are divided into three
main categories; (i) Fisheries (freshwater fishes), (ii) Marine and (iii) Diseases. From
the seven (7) standard common criteria, we further detailed them down to twenty (20)
criteria. For the fisheries category, our research focused on the distribution, abundance,
and ecological impacts of top species which are also of public interest; Oreochromis
niloticus, Pterygoplichtys spp., Cherax quadricarinatus, Chichla spp. and Hemibagrus
wyckioides. Progress on the utilisation of these abundant, underutilised pests is on
track, indirectly serving to control their population by increasing the demand and
encouraging extensive removal from the natural ecosystems. In addition, current
detection technology using species-specific eDNA is being developed to assist
monitoring strategies. Challenges in mitigating and controlling the negative impacts
can be achieved through prioritising management strategies, particularly, by
understanding the mechanisms of biological invasions.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 141

PO-009

Unraveling population dynamics and diversity of Katsuwonus pelamis

and Thunnus albacares in Sabah and Sarawak waters through COI and
D-loop Genes
Noorul Azliana Jamaludin1*, Jamsari Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin2, Masazurah A. Rahim3,
Qhairil Shyamri Rosli4, and Jamil Musel4
1 InstitutPenyelidikan Perikanan Kampung Acheh, 32000 Sitiawan, Perak
2 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang
3 Institut Penyelidikan Perikanan Batu Maung, 11960, Pulau Pinang
4 Institut Penyelidikan Perikanan Bintawa, 93450 Kuching, Sarawak

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) serving
as a keystone species in marine ecosystems, regulates prey populations and maintains
ecological balance, while also playing a crucial role in global food security and
supporting millions of livelihoods worldwide. To create successful long-term
biodiversity management and conservation policies of this transboundary species, it's
crucial to understand key information. This includes species status, biogeography,
genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history. In this study, the
genetic diversity and population structure of both species were assessed based on the
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene and D-Loop region. Samples from a total
of 20 individuals of K. pelamis and 45 individuals of T. albacares were collected along
the coast of Sarawak and Sabah. Analysis of COI and D-Loop sequences indicated high
haplotype diversity across all locations, except for T. albacares in Miri. In contrast, the
majority of locations exhibited low haplotype diversity. This pattern might suggest that
these locations have experienced population expansion after a period of low effective
population size. This is also supported by a star-shaped haplotype network and
significant neutrality tests. ML tree and FST analysis indicated that the T. albacares
collected at Semporna (Celebes Sea) differed significantly from the three populations
obtained in the South China Sea. Samples from the Celebes Sea are required in the
future to confirm a similar pattern in K. pelamis. The findings of this study extend the
general understanding of the population structure of K. pelamis and T. albacares, thus
would be helpful for the sustainable utilization and management of these species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 142

PO-010

Unravelling Tuna Diversity: Exploring the Unique Populations of

Sabah and Sarawak Through Their Fishy Genes
Masazurah A Rahim1*, Noorul Azliana Jamaludin2, Roslina Ahmad Nawawi4, Jamsari
Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin,5 Qhairil Shyamril Rosli3, and Jamil Musel3
1Institut
Penyelidikan Perikanan Batu Maung, 11960 Batu Maung, Pulau Pinang Malaysia
2Institut
Penyelidikan Perikanan Kg Acheh, 32000 Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia
3Institut Penyelidikan Perikanan Bintawa, 93744 Kuching, Sarawak
4Pusat Biosekuriti Perikanan Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Carruthers, 50480 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
5School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Understanding the population structure of economically important marine species such

as skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) is crucial
for effective fisheries management and conservation. In this study, we investigated the
population structure of skipjack and yellowfin tuna in Malaysian waters using the
rhodopsin gene as a molecular marker. Skipjack samples were collected from Miri and
Labuan, while yellowfin tuna samples were obtained from Kota Kinabalu, Semporna,
Labuan, and Miri. Haplotype diversity analysis revealed varying levels of genetic
diversity among populations. For skipjack, haplotype diversity was found to be high,
with values of 0.9111 in Miri and 0.7862 in Labuan. In contrast, yellowfin tuna
exhibited lower haplotype diversity, with values ranging from 0.00 to 0.3579 across
sampling locations. Furthermore, Tajima's D analysis indicated no significant
departures from neutrality in any of the sampled populations. However, Fu's Fs test
revealed a significant negative value (-1.20637) for yellowfin tuna samples from Kota
Kinabalu, suggesting a potential demographic expansion or positive selection in this
population. Overall, our findings provide insights into the population structure and
genetic diversity of skipjack and yellowfin tuna in Malaysian waters. These results
contribute to the ongoing efforts aimed at sustainable management and conservation of
tuna populations in the region.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 143

PO-011

Conservation Genetics of the Spotted Sardinella (Amblygaster Sirm) in

Malaysian Waters: A Molecular Approach with Microsatellite Markers
Phoebe Ong Yunliang1*, and Noor Adelyna Mohammed Akib1,2
1 Centre for Global Sustainability Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
2 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The spotted sardinella (Amblygaster sirm) is a marine fish species found in Malaysian
waters. It is one of the commonly caught pelagic fish in the South China Sea. Therefore,
proper management practices should be applied to protect the survival of this species.
Approaching the issue from a molecular perspective is possible with the development
of microsatellite markers which can be utilised to generate vital information analysed
to determine the stock structure of the spotted sardinella. In this study, total genomic
DNA of the spotted sardinella was extracted using a protocol based on the cetyl
trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method with modifications. Microsatellite loci
were genotyped, and eight potential microsatellite primer pairs were chosen to be
fluorescently labelled with either 6-FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein) or HEX (hexachloro-
fluorescein).
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 144

PO-012

Mitochondrial protein-coding genes are more variable than control

region in the white-spotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum)
Shengyong Xu1*, Dingfang Lu1, and Yuan Li2

1 Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China

2 Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The control region (CR) is generally considered as the most variable part in vertebrate
mitogenomes. However, low CR variability could be exceptionally detected in
recently-diverged or endangered species, given the small population sizes and
insufficient substitution saturation. In this study, we reported the low CR variability in
an abundant fish with no recent divergence or endangerment. A total of 159 white-
spotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum) individuals were collected to
investigate mitogenomic variation and variability. Based on 15 newly assembled
mitogenomes and two mitogenomes downloaded from the GenBank database, a total
of 62 variable sites were identified, most of which (50/62) were located in protein-
coding genes, whereas only three were in CR. We further sequenced CR and Cyt b
gene fragments of 144 individuals for population-level comparison. Consistently, less
variable sites and extremely lower genetic diversity (π = 0.00072) were observed in
CR. These results revealed an unusually lower CR variability in C. plagiosum. To our
knowledge, this study should be the first case showing CR is less variable than other
mito-genes in vertebrate species which have neither experienced recent divergence nor
bottleneck events. Although the causes are unknown, our results profoundly shaken the
widespread understanding of vertebrate mitochondrial evolution. This study was
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number
32200413 to S.X.), National Programme on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction
(grant number GASI-02-SCS-YDsum to Y.L.) and the Basic Scientific Research
Projects of Fujian Provincial Public Service Research Institutes (grant number
2020R1101 to Y.L.).
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 145

PO-013

Reproductive and Physiological Responses of Blue Gourami

Trichopodus trichoprerus Towards High Environmental Temperatures
Fahd Hallak*, and Liew Hon Jung

1Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia.
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The blue gourami Trichopodus trichopterus stands as a favoured ornamental

freshwater fish from Southeast Asia. Given its habitat in pelagic freshwater
ecosystems, increasing threats of climate warming, particularly in the tropics, raise
concerns about the welfare of gouramis and their natural habitats atmosphere rising
temperatures can place enormous challenges on gourami physiology, affecting their
survival, reproduction and growth. Understanding how gouramis physiologically adapt
to changing environmental temperatures is critical to their long-term survival. Much
research has been done to answer this important question. Experiments were initially
conducted under normal temperature, with an average of 27°C, followed by
experiments at higher temperatures of 32°C and 34°C, with the aim of to assess the
effects of increased water temperature on feeding and reproductive performance
(objective 1). In addition, the effects of temperature variation on embryonic
development and larval performance were investigated (objective 2). Further studies
are underway to examine the effects of temperature on the ecology of bubble nest
structures, with the aim of gaining a comprehensive insight into the mechanisms by
which gouramis adapt to changing environmental conditions.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 146

PO-014

A Study of Mortality-Driven Losses in Reported Diagnostic Cases to

the Fisheries Research Institute (2010-2020)
Liyana Ramli, and Kua Beng Chu*

Fisheries Research Institute, Batu Maung, 11960 Penang, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Fish diseases pose a significant challenge to the aquaculture sector in Malaysia.

Diseases such as bacterial, viral and parasitic infections exert adverse impacts on
growth rates, survival rates, and fish quality. Despite their profound implications, the
economic losses incurred due to fish disease in Malaysia remain inadequately
documented. Therefore, this article aims to estimate the cumulative economic losses
resulting from disease in Peninsular Malaysia between 2010 and 2020. The data were
gathered from diagnostic cases published by the National Fish Health Research
Division (NaFisH), and economic losses were computed exclusively by using mortality
data. Out of the 163 cases reported, only 71 cases can be utilized for analysis, while 92
cases lacked sufficient information. Economic losses due to fish mortalities were
calculated based on the market value of the lost fish in the respective years of reported
cases, revealing losses ranging from RM2,000 to RM4.8 million. The majority of losses
attributed to disease infections, primarily caused by bacterial (45%), parasitic
infestations (40%) and unknown aetiology (0.24%). Other losses were also reported
from fish kills due to harmful algae bloom, ammonia pollution and poor water quality
management. In terms of affected species, a majority occurred in marine fish culture
such as seabass, grouper and snapper. This paper not only accounts for 85% of the total
estimated economic losses due to fish mortalities attributed to fish diseases reported to
NaFisH in Malaysia but also sheds light on the economic ramifications of fish
mortality, aiding in better understanding and mitigation of losses in the aquaculture
sector.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 147

PO-015

A study on population dynamics of Pacific bluefin tuna around Taiwan

in the past 13 years
Yu-Wen Lin 1*, and Jen-Chieh Shiao2
1 Institute of Sishery Science National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
2 Institute of Ocean National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) is a large migratory fish species. It is one
of the important fisheries resources for Taiwan. Besides, the Pacific bluefin tuna's high
economic value has led it under pressure from countries including Taiwan, Japan,
South Korea, the United States, and Mexico. This has resulted in overfishing of the
Pacific bluefin tuna, prompting the International Scientific Committee for Tuna and
Tuna-Like Species in the North Pacific Ocean (ISC) to implement management
strategies starting in 2011, including quota limits for the 0-1 age group of Pacific
bluefin tuna and setting catch limits for each country. These measures are aimed at
reestablishing the Pacific bluefin tuna population. This study aims to know the
influence of these measures on the population of Pacific bluefin tuna in the ocean
surrounding Taiwan. The results of this study will provide an essential foundation for
formulating relevant fisheries management measures. From the fishing area map, it is
evident that the Pacific bluefin tuna is mainly distributed in the eastern and southeastern
areas of Taiwan, as well as near the Pinnacle Islands. Although there are populations
in other areas, they are relatively sparse. The number of Pacific bluefin tuna spawning
populations caught of Taiwan is increased from 952 individuals in 2011 to 1,625
individuals in 2014. After 2020, the number of captures from 4,247 individuals to 9,766
individuals in 2023, indicating a significant increase in the spawning population.
Length distribution analysis shows that fork length of spawning populations was
mainly concentrated between 230-240 cm in 2010 and 2011. After 2017, it shifted to
the range of 210-220 cm, with a brief bimodal distribution appearing in 2015 and 2016.
This study estimated the age composition of the Pacific bluefin tuna spawning
population over the past 13 years. After aged otolith than using the Age-Length Key to
know the age composition. The results indicate the Pacific bluefin tuna population be
younger in recent 5 years. In 2011, the population was mostly concentrated in the age
range of 14-18 years old. In 2014 and 2015, a bimodal distribution appeared, with peaks
at 6-10 and 16-20. From 2020 to 2023, the spawning population was mainly
concentrated the range in 8-12. Based on these results, it is inferred that the reduction
in fishing pressure on 0-1 years old juveniles since 2011 has allowed more juveniles to
survive to the adult stage. The younger spawning populations are continuous appearing
in the ocean near Taiwan in past 5 years, indicating the effectiveness of this
management measure.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 148

PO-016

The assessment of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) stock in the

waters off western Sabah: Implications for sustainable management
Sallehudin Jamon, Noorul Azliana Jamaludin, Effarina Mohd Faizal Abdullah, Nabilah
Mustafha, and Nor Bariah Omaruddin

Fisheries Research Institute Kg Acheh 32000 Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study describes the growth pattern, growth parameters, mortality, recruitment
pattern, exploitation rate (E), maximum sustainable yield (MSY), and biomass of
Thunnus albacares (Yellowfin tuna) from the waters off western Sabah.
Approximately 8,197 specimens of T. albacares from western Sabah were collected
from commercial fishermen over 36 consecutive months from January to December
2020 to 2022. The length-frequency data were analyzed using the FAO-ICLARM
Stock Assessment Program (FiSAT II). The dynamic population parameters for T.
albacares in western Sabah show a growth coefficient (K) of 0.21 per year.
Additionally, T. albacares in the waters off western Sabah were found to reach an
asymptotic length (L∞) of 225.8 cm. The natural mortality rate and fishing mortality
rate for T. albacares were M = 0.38 per year and F = 0.66 per year, respectively. The
maximum allowable catch rate for T. albacares in western Sabah (Emax = 0.42) is
lower than the recorded exploitation rate (E = 0.640). Therefore, overfishing is a major
threat to the existing stock in the western waters. The maximum sustainable yield
(MSY) for T. albacares in western Sabah is 9,193. The biomass of T. albacares in
western Sabah is 110,861 mt.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 149

PO-017

Modification in Closed-Fishing Management for Blue Sprat

(Spratelloides gracilis) in Waters of Central Taiwan Strait

Li-Chi Cheng1*, Yi-Su Wu1, Kuo-Wei Lan2, and Jinn-Shing Weng1

1 Coastal Fishery Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
2 Department of Environmental Biology and Fisheries Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City,
Taiwan
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Despite the implementation of a local fishery management involving a closed season

between May 1 and June 1 since 1999, annual catch of blue sprat (Spratelloides
gracilis) increased from 639 metric tons in 2000 to 1,022 metric tons in 2007, however,
collapsed dramatically to 34 metric tons in 2023 with the impacts of global warming,
habitat destruction and highly fishing pressure. The efficacy of implemented policy
must be scrutinized. Based on the investigations for reproductive biology, spawning
ground and behavior between 2021~2022, this species exhibits promiscuous spawning
behavior, their spawning season occurred as the sea surface temperature raised and
down, and peak occurred in April, then recruited in May to June and August to
September. The spawning ground mainly distributed in northern Penghu waters.
Furthermore, mean bycatch rate for two types of blue sprat fishing methods had been
observed, which showed approximately 16% lower in capture with fish-finder than in
fishing-light. Overall, as blue sprats have short lifespan less than one year, we
suggested to adjust the closed season of this species from April 1 to June 1, but also
designate the marine protective area to prevent matured female and recruited juvenile
overfished. Besides, decreasing the luminous intensity or attractive times of fish lamps
might be necessary to decrease the bycatch occurrence, leading the fishery resources
get toward sustainability. These observations can provide useful information to
facilitate fishery management in future.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 150

PO-018

Captive Breeding of Native Betta Species in Malaysia from Wild Stocks

Poh Chiang Chew*, Amirah Fatihah Md Nordin, Mohd Amir Hakim Ariffin, Muhammad
Firdaus Abdullah, and Mohd Johari Abdullah

Fisheries Research Institiute Glami Lemi, Titi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Twenty-nine native Betta species are currently known in Malaysia, of which more than
50% are threatened, mainly due to habitat destruction. In this project, the breeding
performance of wild-caught native Betta species and the survival rate of their captive-
bred juveniles after three months were investigated. A total of thirteen native Betta
species, including six species of bubble-nester and seven species of mouthbrooders,
were collected from their natural habitats in six states in Peninsular Malaysia. These
species were acclimatised in aquariums with tannin-colored water, set up to mimic their
natural habitat, and fed alternating daily diets of commercial micropellets and live food.
Once the wild-caught Betta reached sexual maturity, potential breeding pairs were
observed in the community tanks. The potential pairs were transferred to the breeding
tanks for breeding trials using standard methods and conditions developed at the
Fisheries Research Institute Glami Lemi for captive breeding of native Betta species.
The water depth was set to approximately 15 cm, pH and temperature to 4.5-5.5 and
26-29 °C, respectively, throughout the breeding period. All thirteen species were
successfully bred in captivity, with the number of fry produced ranging from 13 to
1355 per pair, depending on the species. The average survival rate after three months
also varied between species, ranging from 19.9 % to 76.3 %. Poor survival rates were
associated with disease and inadequate initial feeding in the free-swimming stage. The
results of this study can be used as a basic reference for captive breeding of our native
Betta species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 151

PO-019

A Preliminary Survey of Fishing Gears in Sarawak

Mohd Samsul Rohizad Maidin1*, Abdul Wahab Abdullah1, Norhanida Daud2, Rozita Hani
Safiei2, Fatin Nabilah Yaman3, and Jamil Musel3

1 Fisheries Research Institute Kampung Acheh, 32000 Sitiawan, Perak

2 Fisheries Research Institute Batu Maung, 11960 Batu Maung, Pulau Pinang
3Fisheries Research Institute Bintawa, 93744 Kuching, Sarawak

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Fishing gears in Sarawak has some differences compared to the gears used in
Peninsular Malaysia. The fishing gears that can only be found in Sarawak are the
double-rig trawl, pakak, panau, and rantau. Therefore, a study was conducted to
identify the specifications, operations, and effectiveness level of fishing gears in two
regions of Sarawak, namely Wilayah II and Wilayah III, via interview methods. A total
of 163 respondents were interviewed. Wilayah II recorded a total of 11 types of fishing
gears, dominated by monofilament drift nets (43.90%), fish trawl nets (30.49%),
rentang (4.88%), bottom longlines (3.66%), and nylon drift nets (3.66%). The less
dominant gears include pakak, panau, shrimp trawl nets, rentang for jellyfish, modern
bubu, rantau, and others. Wilayah III recorded a total of 13 types of fishing gears,
dominated by monofilament drift nets (46.91%) followed by three-layer shrimp nets
(20.99%), fish trawl nets (6.17%), and shrimp trawl nets (6.17%). The less dominant
gears include modern bubu, panau, rantau, nylon drift nets, bottom longlines and
others. The maximum length of drift nets recorded for Wilayah II and III was rantau,
measuring 7,408 meters and 5,556 meters respectively. The mesh size of the nets used
in this study was found to comply with the regulations of the Fisheries Department of
Malaysia. The results of this study will provide a baseline information to assist the
Sarawak Fisheries Department in recording the evolution of the fishing gears used by
the fishermen in Sarawak.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 152

PO-020

The Importance of Fisheries as an Ecosystem Service in the Kerian

River Basin, Perak, Malaysia to Support Ecosystem-based Fisheries
Management
Mohamad-Sufiyan Salmi* and Haslawati Baharuddin

Fisheries Research Institute (FRI) Glami Lemi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems has been declining, mainly due to human
activities through anthropogenic modification of river hydrological regimes. Therefore,
understanding the link between river ecosystem functions and fisheries can improve
management. The ecosystem service generated by fish populations is one of provision
towards the comprehensive, ecosystem-based management of riverine fisheries. This
study aimed to evaluate the fish species that contribute to the economics of the Kerian
River Basin, north Peninsular Malaysia. Secondary data from the fisheries landing
(2021-2022) for this river basin, its tributaries and Bukit Merah Reservoir were
analysed from two hundred twenty-one (221) permanent fishermen and fifty-eight (58)
part-time registered fishermen. In addition, two focused group discussions with fishers
at two sampling sites were held to provide first-hand knowledge of ecosystem services
generated by fisheries. Twenty-eight species were recorded in Kerian River Basin with
total landing of 80.84 metric tons with total wholesale value RM 4,037,643.22 and
retail value RM 4,721,729.05, compared to 21 species in the Bukit Merah reservoir
with total landing 153.75 metric tons with wholesale value RM 1,177,747.77 and retail
value 1,779,177.36. From Kerian Basin, the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium
rosenbergii) recorded the highest landing with 53.28 metric tons with wholesale
revenue of RM 3,727,626.42 and retail value of RM 4,261,680.96 while in Bukit Merah
Reservoir, the bony-lipped barb (Osteochilus vittatus) recorded the highest landing
with 36.27 metric tons with wholesale revenue of RM 219,106.31 and retail value of
RM 332,850.58. These analyses showed the importance and application of the
ecosystem service concept to enhance conservation efforts for fisheries management.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 153

PO-021

Comparison of Different Salinities Exposure on Blood Cockle,

Tegillarca granosa Growth

Harman Muhd-Farouk1,3*, Ku Kassim Ku Yaacob1, Norhafiz Hanafi1, Hadzley Harith2,

Noorakmal Ramli1, Norazwa Zabidi2, Mohd Nawab Arshad1 and Mhd Ikwanuddin3

1Fisheries Resarch Institute Batu Maung, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
2Fisheries Resarch Institute Pulau Sayak, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, Kuala Muda, Kedah, Malaysia
3Higher Institute Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti
Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected] / [email protected]

This study investigates the impact of varying salinity exposure on the growth rate of
the Blood Cockle, Tegillarca granosa. The experiment was conducted over a period of
60 days, involving both adult and spat stages of T. granosa. The growth parameters
measured included total length, total width, and weight. The results from the adult stage
indicate significant growth variations across different salinity levels, with growth rates
increasing as salinity levels rise. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the adult data
revealed that the width variable had the highest loading factor for PC1, while the length
variable had the highest loading factor for PC2. In the case of spat, higher salinity
treatments resulted in greater growth compared to lower salinity treatments. However,
among spat cockles, only weight and total length showed significant growth variations
across different salinity treatments. PCA analysis of the spat data indicated that the
length variable had the highest loading factor for PC1, while the width variable had the
highest loading factor for PC2. Additionally, lower salinity treatments resulted in
higher growth rates compared to higher salinity treatments for spat cockles.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 154

PO-022

Effect of Different Carbon Sources in Biofloc Application on the

Growth Performance of Oreochromis spp.
Noor Faizah Ismail1, Siti Norita Mohamad1*, Nor Reha Hairi1, and Azhar Hamzah2
1 Fisheries Research Institute of Glami Lemi, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 71650 Titi, Negeri Sembilan,
Malaysia
2 Fisheries Research Institute of Batu Maung, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 11960 Batu Maung, Penang,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Inspired by microorganism efficiency and due to limited space and water resources,
biofloc technology (BFT) offers a sustainable alternative for intensive aquaculture. The
key advantage of BFT is the ability to support high stocking density, help in recycling
waste and serve as a supplementary food source. In this study, the growth of red tilapia
(Oreochromis spp.) and water quality monitoring were compared between two
different carbon (C) sources, molasses and rice bran. A juvenile of red tilapia
(Oreochromis spp.) with an average body weight of 31.9 ± 0.4 g were reared in an
outdoor fiberglass tank at 60 fish/m3 stocking. A commercial product, Aquenzyms was
added every five days in the first month and followed by weekly, afterwards. After 14-
week of rearing, final body weight was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the rice bran as
C source (179.6 ± 5.9 g) compared to molasses as C source (157.5 ± 6.3 g). Lower feed
conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.6 was obtained from rice bran while 1.9 FCR from
molasses as C source (p>0.05). Whilst, dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were
within optimal reading. Throughout the study, unionized ammonia was higher in
molasses compared to rice bran as C source (p>0.05). In conclusion, rice bran revealed
a potential as an alternative C source to achieve higher production and maintain good
water quality for BFT.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 155

PO-023

A draft genome assembly of the Malaysian Pangasiid, Pangasius

nasutus (Siluriformes: Pangasiidae)
Siti Amalia Aisyah Abdul-Halim1,2*, Yuzine Esa1, Heera Rajandas2,3, Sivachandran
Parimannan2,3, Bent Petersen2,3, and Siti Azizah Mohd-Nor4

1 Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor,
Malaysia
2 Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery (COMBio), Faculty of Applied Sciences,
AIMST University, 08100 Bedong, Malaysia
3 Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353

Copenhagen, Denmark
4 Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,

Terengganu, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker 1863), also known as ‘Patin buah’, is a growing

aquaculture species in Peninsular Malaysia and holds commercial importance within
the Pangasiidae family. The wild supplies of this family have been significantly
depleted due to overfishing, and the number and diversity of aquacultured species
remains limited. Here, we present the development of a draft genome of a wild P.
nasutus through the utilisation of a whole-genome sequencing approach. Here we
report the first draft genome for P. nasutus using the Illumina and PacBio sequencing
platforms. The sequencing data were assembled, and the final size of the genome was
843.9 Mb, with scaffold N50 values of 12.6 Mb, respectively. The final annotation
consists of 23,968 gene models obtained by utilizing a bespoke repeat library, the
genome assembly sequence, an NCBI-derived transcriptome and protein dataset, and
several run iterations with MAKER3, SNAP, AUGUSTUS, and BUSCO. The draft
genome could serve as a basis for future research on the biology and evolution of P.
nasutus, which would be a useful asset for conservation and breeding programmes.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 156

PO-024

First Report on Argulus sp. Infestation in The Domesticated Malayan

River Catfish, Hemibagrus capitulum (Popta, 1906) Adult Stage in
Malaysia
Iftikhar Ahmad, A. R.*, Haslawati, B., Mohamad-Sufiyan, S., Nur-Fatihah, H. and Nurul-
Syafinaz, A. L.

Fisheries Research Institute Glami Lemi, 71650, Titi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

An infestation of ectoparasite Argulus sp. occurred in the pre-monsoon season of

October 2023 which involved domesticated Malayan River catfish, Hemibagrus
capitulum broodstock in concrete pond. Sampling was done by anesthetizing the fish
in a holding tank containing clove oil and parasites were collected by forceps and
counted. Physical water quality was measured by Horiba LAQUAct handheld pH meter
and Hanna HI98193 portable Dissolved Oxygen meter while total ammonia-nitrogen
concentration was determined in laboratory by Hach DR1900 spectrophotometer.
Mean intensity of 20.5 + 16.7 parasites per fish was observed in samples with the
parasite’s distribution mainly focused on the head, lower abdomen, basal and caudal
fin. Physical water quality analysis showed temperature of 25.65 + 0.07 0C, pH of 7.97
+ 0.23, dissolved oxygen of 9.15 + 0.36 mg/L and total suspended solid of 29.29 + 0.08
mg/L while total-ammonia-nitrogen concentration was 0.25 + 0.03 mg/L. Although no
mortalities occurred, parasite’s infestation often resulted in secondary infection of
bacteria via wounds requiring a treatment strategy to prevent it from happening in the
facility.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 157

PO-025

Gymnothorax longinquus (Whitley, 1948) (Anguilliformes,

Muraenidae), Long Moray: a first record from Malaysia
Danial Hariz Zainal Abidin1*, Siti Azizah Mohd. Nor2,3, Ying Giat Seah4, 5, and Tun Nurul
Aimi Mat Jaafar4

1 Jabatan Sains Biologi dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600,
UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia, Terengganu, 21030, Kuala

Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

3 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
4 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,

Malaysia
5 South China Sea Repository and Reference Centre, Institute Oceanography and Environment, Universiti

Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

This study reports the first documented record of the Long Moray, Gymnothorax
longinquus (Whitley, 1948), from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Belonging to
the family Muraenidae and order Anguilliformes, this species was previously known
only from the waters of Australia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam. The
specimen was collected during a bottom-trawl survey within Malaysia's exclusive
economic zone in the biologically diverse South China Sea. This discovery expands
the known distribution range of G. longinquus, a little-studied moray eel species, in the
Indo-Pacific region. It contributes to our understanding of the biogeography and
diversity of moray eels in this area, which is crucial for informing management and
conservation strategies for marine resources. The finding underscores the importance
of continued exploration and documentation efforts to elucidate the distribution
patterns and ecological roles of marine species in the Indo-Pacific.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 158

PO-026

An Annotated Checklist of Commercial Marine Prawns in Sarawak

Waters

Nurridan Abdul Han

Fisheries Research Institute, Sarawak and Labuan Division, FRI Bintawa, Jalan Perbadanan, Kuching, Sarawak
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Due to their economic value, the prawns are immediately at risk of extinction, leading
to overfishing of the natural resources. The sustainability of the prawn fishery in
Sarawak and Malaysia as a whole, makes it imperative that an appropriate and effective
management plan be developed. To ensure sustainable management and conservation
of the species, the identification of the prawn species is a necessary first step. The
purpose of this paper was to provide the checklist of commercial marine prawns
collected in the waters of Sarawak. Between 2021 and 2023, samples were collected
from the landing sites in Sarawak by trawl nets, trammel nets and bag nets. Overall, 18
species belonging to 8 genera within the Family Penaeidae were identified. Among
these, the genus Penaeus exhibits the highest diversity with 5 species, followed by
Metapenaeus (4 species), Mierspenaeopsis (2 species), Metapenaeopsis (2 species),
and one species each from the genus Parapenaeopsis, Alcockpenaeopsis, Solenocera,
Kishinouyepenaeopsis and Trachysalambria. The purpose of this study was to produce
a taxonomically annotated checklist of commercial prawns in Sarawak waters that
included descriptions and illustrations of the most helpful morphological traits for
identification.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 159

PO-027

The First Checklist and Abundant of Coral Reef Fish on Underwater

Pinnacle in the Inner Gulf of Thailand
Jirasin Limpichat*, Thamasak Yeemin, Makamas Sutthacheep, Wichin Suebpala,
and Ploypailin Rangseethampanya

Marine Biodiversity Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University,
Huamark, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The underwater pinnacles in Chonburi Province, in the Inner Gulf of Thailand, face
considerable risks from coastal activities, notably land-based pollution and fisheries.
Quantifying coral reef fish communities is challenging as they are important baseline
information for coral reef management in these areas remains limited. This study aimed
to investigate reef fish abundance and diversity on the underwater pinnacles: four sites
at the Ko Si Chang Island group and seven sites at Ko Phai and Ko Larn Island group.
The study was carried out from September 2023 to February 2024, using video census
techniques. The results showed a total of 53 fish species from 20 families, with
dominant species such as Neopomacentrus cyanomos, N. anabatoides, and Chromis
cinerascens. Hin Ko Luam Noi exhibited the highest diversity, hosting 29 fish species
from 13 families, particularly the economically important species Epinephelus
coioides, which is exclusively found in this area, followed by Hin Sampayu and Hin
Khong Thun, respectively. In terms of reef fish abundance, Hin Ta Sin has the highest
recorded with 2,697.47±230.36 individuals per 100 m2, followed by Hin Hu Chang and
Hin Khong Thun, respectively. In addition, Pomacanthus annularis, Halichoeres
leucurus, and H. melanurus were observed only in Hin Hu Chang. This study presents
baseline information, enhancing the understanding of fish diversity on the underwater
pinnacles in Chonburi Province, the Inner Gulf of Thailand. Moreover, its findings will
support the decision-making processes of fisheries and tourism management policies.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 160

PO-028

A New Species of Bumblebee Goby, Brachygobius, from Thailand

Matthew R. Kase1*, Weerapongse Tangjitjaroen2, Jirasin Limpichat3, David K. Cagle1, and
Lawrence M. Page1
1
Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida, USA
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
3
Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Brachygobius, known as bumblebee gobies, are distributed from India to the

Philippines. Eight species are recognized with three having been described from
Borneo, and one each from India, Java, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, and the Philippines.
Bumblebee gobies inhabit fresh and brackish water and are common in the aquarium
trade. There are limited data on the genus, partly due to the low number of specimens
in institutional collections. However, previous studies have shown that morphological
data, such as color patterns, counts of fin-rays, predorsal scales, and opercular scales,
can effectively differentiate species. Recently collected specimens from the Mae Klong
River basin in western Thailand closely resemble B. aggregatus, described from the
Philippines, but exhibit differences in color pattern and scale counts and appear to be
an unnamed species. In addition to morphological data, genetic data on Brachygobius
are being generated to improve our understanding of the genus and potentially
distinguish new species.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 161

PO-029

Identification of Pluang Chomphu fish (Tor tambra) from Thailand by

PCR-RFLP

Panchalika Deachamag1,2, Komwit Surachat3, and Monwadee Wonglapsuwan1,2*

1 Divisionof Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110,
Thailand
2 Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,
Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
3 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla

University, Hat Yai, Songkhla ,90110, Thailand

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Pluang Chomphu fish (Tor tambra) or Gueloh fish is a high-value freshwater
species that remains difficult to breed. Consequently, within the fish trading market,
individuals often attempt to pass off other similar-looking fish species as Pluang
Chomphu fish by observing their lip shape. However, this method is only applicable
once the fish has grown to about 4-5 inches and cannot be performed on small fish. It
takes several months to confirm whether a fish is indeed a Pluang Chomphu. Therefore,
this research has developed a method for distinguishing Tor tambra from
Neolissocheilus soroides, Neolissochilus strachey, and Tor tambroides using PCR-
RFLP. Specifically, a newly designed nucleotide sequence was utilized as both the
forward primer (Cytb-1-Fw) and reverse primer (Cytb-3-Rv). This primer pair
generates shorter DNA fragments compared to those commonly used for fish species
identification, facilitating faster detection. Subsequently, the restriction enzyme
BamHI is employed to differentiate the DNA patterns of various fish species. This
method enables the separation of fish species in just a few days and can be applied to
small fish.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 162

PO-030

A Preliminary Study on the Catch Composition of Vessels Operating in

the C2 Fishing Zone of Peninsular Malaysia

Mohd Hans Afifi Hassan*, Mohd Nur Aminullah Abu Bakar, Hashim
Shuhaimi, Mohamad Yusof Zairullail, Noorul Azliana Jamaludin,
Ryon Siow, and Sallehudin Jamon

Fish Research Institute Kg. Acheh, Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Malaysia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) can be divided into four main fishing
regions: the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia (WCPM), East Coast of Peninsular
Malaysia (ECPM), Sarawak Coast, and Sabah Coast and further divided into specific
fishing zones namely, A zone, B zone, C zone and C2 zone. This study reported the
species composition and landings of vessels operating in the C2 fishing (ranges from
30 nm to EEZ for the ECPM and 15nm to EEZ for the WCPM) zone of Peninsular
Malaysia. The C2 zone vessels utilize two primary gear types: trawl and purse seine.
Direct observations and landing data on the weight of landing during fish landing
activities from the Kuantan-Pahang, Tok Bali-Kelantan, and Kuala Perlis-Perlis fish
landing jetties were collected and analyzed. In addition, data was also collected from
the Landing of Vessel (LOV) forms from each targeted jetty. Based on 2023 LOV data,
the East Coast states had 26% higher total landings compared to the West Coast.
Through on-field data collection and observation, the total landing for the East Coast
is 84% higher than the West Coast, with Kuantan being the highest amongst the two
other jetties at 65%. The most dominant species landed across all three jetties was the
Scad (Decapterus spp.). The difference in landings between the coasts can be attributed
to the larger and deeper fishing grounds of the East Coast. This study provides a
baseline for further investigations into the landing trends and stock status of marine
species harvested from the Malaysian C2 fishing zone. The findings can inform
management strategies to optimize the sustainable development of this important
fishery sector.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 163

PO-031

Distribution and Biology of Juvenile Grouper (Serranidae) in Kota

Tinggi Waters, East Johor
Mohd Nur Aminullah bin Abu Bakar*, Mohd Hans Afifi bin Hassan, Noorul Azliana binti
Jamaludin, Mohamad Yusof bin Zairullail, and Ryon Siow

Fisheries Research Institute Kampung Acheh, 32000 Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

A survey was conducted to gather information on the juvenile groupers that are present
seasonally in the Sungai Punggai estuary, located in the Kota Tinggi district. The aim
of this study is to obtain the distribution and biological information of juvenile groupers
in that area. Several sampling methods using various types of equipment such as beam
trawl, dredges, portable and net trap were carried out during the migration season of
the juvenile groupers to the bay near the Sungai Punggai estuary in the December -
February 2023-2024 period. The results of this study showed that the juvenile groupers
caught was of the species Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822). The size of the
juveniles caught ranged between 15 – 62 mm with an average size of 24.8 ± 9.4 S.D.
mm. The length-weight relationship was expressed as W=0.0001TL2.3504. Furthermore,
the morphology of the juvenile grouper caught mostly showed transparent skin or in
the early stage of developing skin pigmentation. Based on the findings of this study
and the interviews with the local fishermen, it is highly likely that the bay area of the
Sungai Punggai estuary functions as a temporary stopover for the juvenile grouper in
their life cycle stage before migrating to other marine habitats areas. However, the
numbers of juvenile grouper in this area have decreased sharply and this may be
attributed to external factors such as fishing pressure, and local weather conditions,
which have a significant impact on their population. Therefore, it is crucial to
implement conservation efforts, such as establishing protection areas for juvenile
groupers, implementing fishing ban regulations and restoring the groupers' natural
habitat in order to ensure that the grouper resources in East Johor are at a sustainable
level.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 164

PO-032

Otolith size versus length-weight relationships of Asian arowana

(Scleropages formosus) in Bukit Merah, Malaysia

Kar-Hoe Loh*

Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Asian arowana (Scleropages formosus) is heavily exploited for aquarium trade
and listed as endangered species on CITES. The length-weight relationships and the
linear regression between otolith size (length and height) and fish body
measurements (standard length and head length) of the Asian arowana collected
from an aquaculture farm in Bukit Merah, Perak were studied. The standard length
and body weight ranged from 65.70 to 510.00 mm and 3.40 to 1886.60 g
respectively. The measurements of left and right otoliths showed there was no
significant difference (paired T-test, P> 0.05) except for otolith length (paired T-
test, P< 0.05). left otolith length-otolith height ratio (mean: 1.3763, min: 1.2518 –
max: 1.5964), right otolith length-otolith height ratio (mean: 1.3503, min: 1.2063 -
max: 1.5326), and fish standard length-body depth ratio (mean: 4.14, min: 3.34 -
max: 6.54) were calculated. The relationships of length-weight and otolith length-
otolith weight were fitted in a power equation Y = aX^b. The results revealed that
length- weight and otolith length-weight relationships have a high correlation, with
R2 values of 0.9913 and 0.9889 respectively. The generalized length-weight
relationship (BW= 0.000007SL^3.1367) and otolith length-weight relationship
(OW= 0.0001OL^2.9052) constructed for Asian arowana at the aquaculture farm
could facilitate further analysis for determining the age of the species, which is
important for its conservation in the wild.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 165

PO-033

Diversity and Distribution of Wild Betta in Peninsular Malaysia

Amirah Fatihah Md Nordin*, Poh Chiang Chew, Mumtaziah Abdul Hamid, Mohd Amir
Hakim Ariffin, Abdul Ghani Hassan, Yusmanizam Yunus, Muhammad Firdaus Abdullah,
and Mohd Johari Abdullah

Fisheries Research Institiute Glami Lemi, Titi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The wild Betta of Malaysia is one of many freshwater fish with ornamental potential.
Of the 29 Betta species found throughout Malaysia, 16 species have been discovered
in Peninsular Malaysia. Nevertheless, the current distribution status of these species in
Peninsular Malaysia has not been sufficiently updated. Therefore, a study was
conducted to assess the current diversity and distribution of Betta species in six states,
namely Negeri Sembilan, Johor, Selangor, Pahang, Kelantan and Terengganu in
Peninsular Malaysia. The samples were collected from 34 locations in these six states
in various habitats such as rivers, paddy fields, swamps and peat swamp forests. A total
of fourteen species were successfully sampled, namely B. pugnax, B. imbellis, B.
persephone, B. coccina, B. bellica, B. tomi, B. hipposideros, B. livida, B. tussyae, B.
waseri, B. stigmosa, B. kuehnei, B. pi and B. apollon. These Betta species have been
classified into different categories of the IUCN Red List, with seven species
categorised as endangered, one as vulnerable, three as least concern and three others as
data deficient. The water quality of these wild Betta habitats had temperatures between
24.2 and 32.0 °C and pH between 3.3 and 7.5. B. pugnax had the largest local
distribution (29.4 %) and was mainly found in Negeri Sembilan, Johor and Pahang,
followed by B. imbellis (20.6 %) in Negeri Sembilan, Johor, Pahang and Selangor and
B. bellica (8.8 %) in Johor and Pahang. The distribution of B. persephone, B. coccina,
B. kuehnei, and B. waseri, was the lowest (2.9%). Overall, the current distribution
status of fourteen native Betta species in Peninsular Malaysia was successfully
investigated.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 166

PO-034

Remarkable rediscovery of the Mahseer Tor neilli (Day), and the

identity Tor mussullah sensu Hora from peninsular India
Paramasivan Sivakumar1, Umamaheswari 1, M Chinniyan Vijayakumar2, Jegamohanan
Anusha3, and Jonnada A.V.Prasada Rao4*

1Research Department of Zoology, Madura College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, India.

2Department of Zoology, St. Andrew’s College (Autonomous), Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.
3Department of Zoology, S.I.V.E.T. College, Gowrivakkam, Chennai – 600 073 India.
4Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, DDU Gorakhpur University,

Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

South Asian Mahseer, also called as Deccan mahseer, is an important game fish species
that occurs in peninsular India. Day (1868) described Tor neilli as Barbus neilli from
Thungabhadra river at Kurnool, Andra Pradesh, Western Ghats, India. Since his
original description there has been no documented records of this species from streams
and rivers of the Western Ghats and the species was synonymized under Tor khudree.
From a recent survey of the Karnataka part of the Western Ghats we sampled Tor with
consistent characters diagnosing it as Tor neilli that Day described in 1868. The species
was captured from a region known as Kudali, the Confluence of Thunga and Bhadra
rivers in the Shimoga district, Karnataka, India. The capture of this species and its
identification is of great interest in the area of biodiversity of this highly diverse region
of India but is of great importance in the areas of taxonomic and systematic
ichthyology. Recently it has resolved that Barbus mussullah (Sykes) is under the genus
Hypselobarbus Bleeker and if mussullah is a type species of the genus Hypselobarbus
the earlier concept of mussullah to the genus Tor cannot be justified. However, Tor
mussullah sensu Hora belongs to the genus Tor and hence it is redescribed as a new
species, Tor masundi. Hence a clear diagnosis of all the valid species of Tor are herein
provided.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 167

PO-035

Facing invasion, how to save the marine fisheries ecosystem from a

persistently escaping alien competitor Sciaenops ocellatus?
Jun Li1, Yongshuang Xiao1, Alfonso Aguilar-Perera2, and Angel Herrera-Ulloa3
1 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
2 Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de
Yucatán, México
3 Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional, San José, Costa Rica

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, an estuarine fish, native to the western Atlantic
Ocean from Massachusetts in the USA to northern Mexico, is one of the most important
farmed fish worldwide. In recent decades, an unprecedented frequency of red drum (S.
ocellatus) escapes from seawater nets (i.e., million tail level) has generated an
enormous pressure on local marine biodiversity and ecosystems. The aim of this study
was to assess the distribution and shifts of hotspot fitness zones for S. ocellatus under
global climate change and to identify the trophic levels in the coastal waters of China.
Stress responses and adaptation potential, under different salinities, were also
determined to provide valuable insights into the invasion potential and ecological
impacts of alien species. In the present study, we first identified four hotspot fitness
zones for S. ocellatus at the global scale located in the Atlantic Ocean along the Gulf
of Mexico and Uruguayan coasts, and in the Pacific Ocean along the Chinese and
Australian coasts based on the species distribution model analyses. Under the global
warming and climate change, the most suitable habitat for S. ocellatus would be
expanded (448,178.6 km2) and the centre of mass would shift northwards. Stable
isotope δ15N and δ13C ratios showed that S. ocellatus has a very high ecological
competition with wide feeding range and high ecological position in the escape zone
off the coast of China.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 168

PO-036

Microstructures Characterization of Scales from Barbonymus sp.

Using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Nur Amani Nasuha Khairi Anuar1, Shazana Sharir2, and Farah Ayuni Farinordin1*

1 School of Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang Branch, Jengka
Campus, Lintasan Semarak, 26400 Bandar Tun Razak, Pahang, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, University Malaysia Terengganu 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,
Malaysia
*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Scales of fish exhibit significant variations among different species. However, the
morphologies and microstructures of scales of cyprinids (Cyprinidae) have not been
thoroughly documented. The objective of this study is to determine the
morphological characteristics of scales belonging to the genus Barbonymus, namely
B. schwanenfeldii and B. gonionotus. Additionally, the study aims to distinguish the
microstructures of these scales using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), which
provides detailed and high-resolution images of scale particles and surface
structures. The scale samples were extracted, dehydrated, and examined using three
microscopes: a stereo microscope, a compound microscope, and a Scanning
Electron Microscope (SEM). This examination revealed the morphological
characteristics, including scale type, formation, as well as the structure of the
anterior and posterior sections of the scales. It has been determined that the overall
scale shape and the number of radii can be observed with a basic microscope. In
addition, the utilisation of SEM allowed for the observation of more complex
formations, such as the circuli and lepidonts structures. The circuli of B.
schwannfeldii had a reduced thickness and a more compressed shape, in contrast to
the circuli of B. gonionotus, which looked to be thicker and more intricately
patterned. The scales of B. schwanenfeldii exhibited a greater degree of irregularity,
unevenness, and sharpness, while the scales of B. gonionotus displayed a more
uniform and rounded, almost spherical shape. This paper presents an analysis of the
general features of different species of cyprinid fish, focusing on the variations in
the external structure of their scales, which can be valuable for taxonomic
classification and other scientific applications.
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 169

PO-037

The Indo-Pacific Fish Conference (IPFC)

Zeehan Jaafar1*, Lynnath Beckley2, Terry Donaldson3, and Thomas Trnski4

1 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore

2 Environmental & Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia
3 University of Guam Marine Laboratory/Guam NSF EPSCoR, United States of America
4 Auckland War Memorial Museum, New Zealand

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

The Indo-Pacific Fish Conference (IPFC) is a series of scientific meetings aimed at

sharing research about the systematics and ecology of Indo-Pacific fishes. The focus
of the IPFC is the fishes in marine and freshwater environments within the Indo-Pacific
biogeographic region, with emphasis on warm-water taxa. The first IPFC was held in
Sydney in 1981, with the subsequent ten conferences held about every four years at
various locations within the vast Indo-Pacific region. The IPFC is not a part of any
formal society, although the conference may be held in conjunction with conferences
of other appropriate societies. The conference series is overseen by an International
Steering Committee comprising members from diverse Indo-Pacific countries. At each
conference since 2005, the Bleeker Awards, an eponym for Pieter Bleeker who is
considered the “father” of Indo-Pacific ichthyology, are conferred to two living
ichthyologists. These awards celebrate significant contributions to our collective
knowledge of Indo-Pacific ichthyology and recognize the published works in Fish
Systematics or Fish Ecology by the two recipients. The next IPFC will be held in
Taiwan in June 2025 (Chair: Prof. Wei-Jen Chen) and nominations for the 2025
Bleeker awards will be called for towards the end of 2024 (Chair: Dr Tom Trnski).
 Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 170

PO-038

Charting New Depths: A New Look at the Diversity of Freshwater

Fishes in Peninsular Malaysia using an Integrative Approach
Jamsari Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin1*, Khaironizam Md Zain1, Amirrudin Ahmad2,3,
Mohamad Aqmal-Naser2, Siti Azizah Mohd Nor4, Abdullah Halim Muhammad-Rasul5,
Mohd Lokman Ilham-Norhakim6, Muhammad Fahmi-Ahmad3, Mohd Shafiq Zakeyuddin7,
Muhammad Amiruddin Wahab8, Zahar Azuar Zakaria9, Masazurah A Rahim10, Haslawati
Baharuddin11, and Sébastien Lavoué1

1School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
2Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
3Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu,

Malaysia
4Institute of Climate Adaptation and Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,

Terengganu, Malaysia
5Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
6Environmental Management and Conservation Research Unit (eNCORe), Faculty of Applied Sciences and

Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (Pagoh Campus), KM1 Jalan Panchor, 84600 Muar, Johor
7TNB Research Sdn Bhd, No.1, Lorong Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Penyelidikan, 43000 Kajang, Selangor,

Malaysia
8Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli Campus, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
9Hospital Kemaman, 24000 Chukai, Terengganu, Malaysia
10 Batu Maung Fisheries Research Institute, 11960 Batu Maung, Pulau Pinang
11Glami Lemi Fisheries Research Institute, Titi Jelebu 71660 Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

*Correspondence email: [email protected]

Captivated by the mesmerizing beauty and diversity of freshwater fish in Peninsular

Malaysia, we sampled fish specimens from 221 localities across this region, covering
diverse habitats, with the aim to meticulously review and validate the current checklist
of species and their distribution. A total of 277 native morpho-species, representing
89% of the previously listed species, were recorded. We also recorded the first
occurrence of ten fish species. All these species belong to 140 genera, 47 families, 17
orders, and two classes. The orders with the largest number of species are
Cypriniformes (130 species; 45.3% of the total species), followed by Siluriformes (61
species; 21.3%), and Anabantiformes (41 species; 14.3%). At the family level,
Cyprinidae has the greatest number of species (52 species; 18.1%), followed by
Danionidae (41 species; 14.3%), and Osphronemidae (28 species; 9.8%). Of the
collected species, 281 (97.9%) were evaluated on the IUCN Red List, including one
extinct species (0.4%), six critically endangered species (2.1%), 17 endangered species
(6.0%), 10 vulnerable species (3.6%), and 13 near threatened species (4.6%). The
remaining species were classified either as least concern (210 species; 74.7%) or data
deficient (24 species; 8.4%). In addition, the survey also observed 25 introduced
species. A COI-based DNA barcoding analysis including a total of 1865 specimens
revealed extensive cryptic diversification with the presence of several putative
undescribed species. The updated checklist resulting from this project, along its
molecular dataset will undoubtedly provide essential information for the taxonomy,
conservation, management, and sustainability of freshwater fish in Peninsular
Malaysia.
Asian Society of Ichthyologists 2024 171

CONFERENCE
SPONSORS
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Editor
Jamsari Amirul Firdaus Jamaluddin
Noorul Azliana Jamaludin
Siti Zafirah Ghazali
Norli Fauzani Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari
Danial Hariz Zainal Abidin
ASI
IC20
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