GE

Grid Solutions

Perception Desktop
Transformer Monitoring Software
Version 2.4

Installation & User Guide

GEDE-GA_M-DLIS-TE.MA-020 Rev 10.0 24-May-23

Contents Page
1 Introduction......................................................................................................10
1.1 Product Overview ...............................................................................................................................................10
1.2 Software Family ..................................................................................................................................................10
1.3 What’s New? .........................................................................................................................................................11
1.4 Desktop Features ...............................................................................................................................................12
1.5 System Requirements ......................................................................................................................................12
1.6 Software Licensing.............................................................................................................................................13
1.6.1 License Expiry......................................................................................................................................... 14
1.6.2 Fleet Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 15
1.7 Customer Support..............................................................................................................................................15
2 Installing & Configuring .................................................................................16
2.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................................................16
2.2 Run the Perception Desktop Installer .......................................................................................................16
2.3 Firewall Settings..................................................................................................................................................22
2.3.1 Perception Server ports .................................................................................................................... 22
2.3.2 Perception Client ports...................................................................................................................... 22
2.4 Create a New Database Connection .........................................................................................................22
2.4.1 Create a new connection to a Perception Server database ............................................ 23
2.4.2 Create a new local database........................................................................................................... 28
3 Organising Assets............................................................................................31
3.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................31
3.1.1 Managing Database Connections ................................................................................................. 31
3.1.2 Interface.................................................................................................................................................... 34
3.1.3 User Roles (Network databases only) ........................................................................................ 36
3.2 Managing Assets .................................................................................................................................................38
3.2.1 Adding Assets ........................................................................................................................................ 38
3.2.2 Renaming Assets .................................................................................................................................. 40
3.2.3 Deleting Assets...................................................................................................................................... 40
3.2.4 Moving Assets ........................................................................................................................................ 41
3.3 Fleet Overview .....................................................................................................................................................42
3.4 Areas, Plants & Substations ..........................................................................................................................43
3.5 Transformer ..........................................................................................................................................................43
3.5.1 Dashboard example showing MINITRANS................................................................................ 44
3.5.2 Dashboard example showing Intellix BMT 330 ...................................................................... 45
3.5.3 Dashboard example showing MS 3000...................................................................................... 48
3.6 Transformer Bank...............................................................................................................................................49
3.7 Circuit Breaker .....................................................................................................................................................50
3.8 Motor ........................................................................................................................................................................52
3.8.1 Dashboard example showing Plant Motor (869 Relay) ...................................................... 54
3.9 Setting up Asset Properties ...........................................................................................................................56
3.9.1 Transformer Properties ..................................................................................................................... 56
3.9.2 Transformer Bank Properties ......................................................................................................... 59
3.9.3 Circuit Breaker Properties................................................................................................................ 63
3.9.4 Motor Properties................................................................................................................................... 64
3.9.5 Device Properties ................................................................................................................................. 66
3.9.6 Setting up the Device ......................................................................................................................... 72
3.9.7 Workflows................................................................................................................................................ 72
3.10 Adding a Wallboard ...........................................................................................................................................74
3.11 Ranking Assets.....................................................................................................................................................79

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4 Analysing Data .................................................................................................81
4.1 Data Area Worksheet Tabs............................................................................................................................81
4.1.1 Worksheet Options ............................................................................................................................. 82
4.2 Default Asset Charts .........................................................................................................................................83
4.3 Default Device Charts.......................................................................................................................................83
4.4 Trend Chart............................................................................................................................................................86
4.4.1 Create a new Trend Chart ................................................................................................................ 88
4.4.2 Add Measurements to the Chart .................................................................................................. 89
4.4.3 Remove Measurements from the Chart .................................................................................... 89
4.4.4 Change Y Scale method..................................................................................................................... 89
4.4.5 Add Annotations ................................................................................................................................... 90
4.5 Data Table ..............................................................................................................................................................91
4.6 Status .......................................................................................................................................................................93
4.6.1 Event Point Type ................................................................................................................................... 94
4.6.2 Rename a Measurement Point ...................................................................................................... 94
4.7 Rate of Change.....................................................................................................................................................95
4.7.1 Rate of Change Parameters ............................................................................................................ 96
4.8 Rate of Change Alarm.......................................................................................................................................96
4.9 Total Dissolved Combustible Gases (TDCG) Chart.............................................................................99
4.10 Key Gas ................................................................................................................................................................. 100
4.11 Overvoltages ...................................................................................................................................................... 102
4.12 Gas Ratios ........................................................................................................................................................... 103
4.13 Ratios..................................................................................................................................................................... 105
4.14 ETRA....................................................................................................................................................................... 106
4.15 Duval’s................................................................................................................................................................... 107
4.16 Models................................................................................................................................................................... 112
4.16.1 Display Controls ..................................................................................................................................113
4.17 Bushing Monitor ............................................................................................................................................... 114
4.17.1 Display Controls ..................................................................................................................................116
4.17.2 Multiple BMT devices ........................................................................................................................118
4.18 Partial Discharge .............................................................................................................................................. 118
4.19 PRPD 120
4.19.1 Display Controls ..................................................................................................................................120
4.19.2 2D Chart ..................................................................................................................................................121
4.19.3 Histogram ..............................................................................................................................................122
4.20 Inter-Phase Angle ............................................................................................................................................ 122
4.20.1 Display Controls ..................................................................................................................................123
4.21 Web Browser ..................................................................................................................................................... 125
4.22 COMTRADE History ........................................................................................................................................ 126
4.23 Breaker Trend Chart ....................................................................................................................................... 126
4.24 ESA Data .............................................................................................................................................................. 127
4.25 ESA Circle Chart ............................................................................................................................................... 128
4.26 Breaker Data ...................................................................................................................................................... 128
4.27 LDR Data .............................................................................................................................................................. 128
4.28 ESA Models ......................................................................................................................................................... 129
4.29 LDR Trends.......................................................................................................................................................... 130
5 Other Tools & Functionality....................................................................... 132
5.1 Downloading Data…........................................................................................................................................ 132
5.1.1 …Via Perception ...................................................................................................................................132
5.1.2 …Via USB .................................................................................................................................................133
5.2 Exporting and Importing Data ................................................................................................................... 135

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 5.2.1 Export .......................................................................................................................................................135
5.2.2 Import ......................................................................................................................................................137
5.3 Downloading Service Logs .......................................................................................................................... 138
5.4 Data Viewing Options .................................................................................................................................... 140
5.5 Transformer Report ........................................................................................................................................ 140
5.6 Workflow Scheduler ....................................................................................................................................... 143
5.7 Launching External Applications .............................................................................................................. 144
5.8 Transport X2 Options ..................................................................................................................................... 147
Appendix A Installing the Transport X driver in Windows 7 ................. 150
Appendix B Database Mappings for Import and Export ........................ 160
Appendix C Troubleshooting ........................................................................ 177
Appendix D PGA Diagnostic Error codes and Status Flags .................... 180
Appendix E Model Descriptions ................................................................... 183
Appendix F Offline DGA & Oil Quality Workflow..................................... 193
Appendix G MS 3000: HTTPS & Self-signed Certificates......................... 205
Contact & Copyright Details ............................................................................ 214

List of Tables and Figures Page

Table 1-1: Tier scores ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Table 1-2: Device scores ........................................................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 1-1: License expiry notification ............................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 1-2: License warning indicator ................................................................................................................................ 14
Figure 1-3: Help menu ............................................................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 1-4: Fleet Summary dialog ........................................................................................................................................ 15
Figure 2-1: Welcome to the Perception Desktop Setup Wizard ........................................................................... 16
Figure 2-2: License Agreement ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Figure 2-3: Select Installation Folder.................................................................................................................................. 18
Figure 2-4: Confirm Installation ............................................................................................................................................ 19
Figure 2-5: Installing Perception Desktop ........................................................................................................................ 20
Figure 2-6: Installation Complete......................................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 2-7: Getting Started ..................................................................................................................................................... 23
Figure 2-8: Connect to an existing database .................................................................................................................. 23
Figure 2-9: Login ........................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 2-10: Configure a Server Connection ................................................................................................................... 24
Figure 2-11: Enter Discovery Server ................................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 2-12: List of Perception databases ....................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 2-13: Configure Options ............................................................................................................................................. 26
Figure 2-14: Server Configuration Complete .................................................................................................................. 26
Figure 2-15: Login prompt ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 2-16: Server certificate not trusted ...................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 2-17: Client certificate not trusted ....................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 2-18: New Database option...................................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 2-19: Save the local database ................................................................................................................................. 29
Figure 2-20: New local database .......................................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 2-21: Upgrade Local Database Format ............................................................................................................... 30
Figure 3-1: Fleet Overview (only available when connected to Perception Server) .................................... 31
Figure 3-2: Database Connect option ................................................................................................................................ 32
Figure 3-3: Perception database login ............................................................................................................................... 32
Figure 3-4: Disconnect from Perception Server ............................................................................................................ 33
Figure 3-5: Open local database ........................................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 3-6: Local databases .................................................................................................................................................... 34

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Figure 3-7: Close a local database ....................................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 3-8: Perception Desktop main screen ................................................................................................................. 35
Figure 3-9: Asset Explorer – Search & results ................................................................................................................ 35
Figure 3-10: New nodes ............................................................................................................................................................ 38
Figure 3-11: Rename a node................................................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 3-12: Delete a node ...................................................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 3-13: Confirm Delete ................................................................................................................................................... 41
Figure 3-14: Confirm Move ...................................................................................................................................................... 41
Figure 3-15: Asset Explorer drag and drop ...................................................................................................................... 41
Figure 3-16: Fleet Overview .................................................................................................................................................... 42
Figure 3-17: Event Search ........................................................................................................................................................ 42
Figure 3-18: Area wallboard example ................................................................................................................................ 43
Figure 3-19: Transformer > Properties .............................................................................................................................. 44
Figure 3-20: Transformer > Dashboard > Devices Summary – MINITRANS..................................................... 44
Figure 3-21: Transformer > Dashboard > Ranking Graph – MINITRANS............................................................ 45
Figure 3-22: Transformer Dashboard > Devices Summary – BMT 330 .............................................................. 45
Figure 3-23: BMT 330 Device Summary > Primary Input (HV)................................................................................ 46
Figure 3-24: BMT 330 Device Summary > Partial Discharge ................................................................................... 47
Figure 3-25: MS 3000 Device Summary ............................................................................................................................ 48
Figure 3-26: Transformer > Properties > Workflow Associations ........................................................................ 49
Figure 3-27: New > Transformer Bank ............................................................................................................................... 50
Figure 3-28: Circuit Breaker properties............................................................................................................................. 50
Figure 3-29: Circuit Breaker asset – Devices Summary – CB Watch 3............................................................... 51
Figure 3-30: Circuit Breaker asset – CB Watch 3 – Status worksheet ............................................................... 52
Figure 3-31: Motor properties ............................................................................................................................................... 53
Figure 3-32: Plant Motor Device Summary...................................................................................................................... 54
Figure 3-33: Motor > Dashboard > Latest Events......................................................................................................... 54
Figure 3-34: Motor > Dashboard > Motor Start ............................................................................................................. 55
Figure 3-35: Motor > Dashboard > Breaker Data.......................................................................................................... 55
Figure 3-36: Transformer properties .................................................................................................................................. 56
Figure 3-37: Transformer name ............................................................................................................................................ 56
Figure 3-38: Main Transformer Details.............................................................................................................................. 57
Figure 3-39: Bushings ................................................................................................................................................................ 57
Figure 3-40: Voltage Sides ....................................................................................................................................................... 57
Figure 3-41: Compartments ................................................................................................................................................... 58
Figure 3-42: Criticality Details ............................................................................................................................................... 58
Figure 3-43: Workflow Associations ................................................................................................................................... 58
Figure 3-44: Phase Associations........................................................................................................................................... 59
Figure 3-45: Phase Association annotation on Data Table ...................................................................................... 60
Figure 3-46: Phase Association annotation on Trend Chart ................................................................................... 61
Figure 3-47: Transformer Bank ............................................................................................................................................. 62
Figure 3-48: Ranking ................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Figure 3-49: Circuit Breaker properties ............................................................................................................................. 63
Figure 3-50: Circuit Breaker name ....................................................................................................................................... 64
Figure 3-51: Main Circuit Breaker Details ........................................................................................................................ 64
Figure 3-52: Workflow Associations ................................................................................................................................... 64
Figure 3-53: Motor properties ............................................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 3-54: Motor name.......................................................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 3-55: Motor Details ....................................................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 3-56: Workflow Associations ................................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 3-57: Device Properties .............................................................................................................................................. 66
Figure 3-58: Identity ................................................................................................................................................................... 66
Figure 3-59: Communications ............................................................................................................................................... 67
Figure 3-60: Communications > Define network port................................................................................................ 67
Figure 3-61: Auto-Download .................................................................................................................................................. 68

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Table 3-1: Examples illustrating scheduling using Cron values ............................................................................. 69
Figure 3-62: Auto-Export.......................................................................................................................................................... 69
Figure 3-63: Email ........................................................................................................................................................................ 69
Figure 3-64: Email – Segregate Notification emails .................................................................................................... 70
Figure 3-65: Device Connection ............................................................................................................................................ 70
Figure 3-66: Setup ....................................................................................................................................................................... 72
Figure 3-67: Wallboard.............................................................................................................................................................. 74
Figure 3-68: An example wallboard .................................................................................................................................... 75
Figure 3-69: Display options ................................................................................................................................................... 75
Figure 3-70: Fully configured wallboard............................................................................................................................ 76
Figure 3-71: Wallboard with pulsing node ....................................................................................................................... 77
Figure 3-72: Acknowledge an alarm ................................................................................................................................... 77
Figure 3-73: Asset node showing increased movement up the asset risk index .......................................... 78
Figure 3-74: Acknowledge Risk Index................................................................................................................................. 78
Figure 3-75: Customizing asset nodes............................................................................................................................... 79
Figure 3-76: Asset Hierarchy .................................................................................................................................................. 79
Table 3-2: Colour designation ................................................................................................................................................ 79
Figure 3-77: Ranking ................................................................................................................................................................... 80
Figure 3-78: Risk and ranking history ................................................................................................................................. 80
Figure 4-1: Transformer worksheet tabs .......................................................................................................................... 81
Figure 4-2: Worksheet options.............................................................................................................................................. 82
Table 4-1: Charts per asset ..................................................................................................................................................... 83
Table 4-2: Charts per device ................................................................................................................................................... 84
Figure 4-3: Dissolved gas trend analysis........................................................................................................................... 86
Figure 4-4: Format Plot ............................................................................................................................................................. 86
Figure 4-5: Chart options ......................................................................................................................................................... 87
Figure 4-6: Zoom plot................................................................................................................................................................. 88
Figure 4-7: Create a new Trend Chart................................................................................................................................ 88
Figure 4-8: Add measurements to the trend chart...................................................................................................... 89
Figure 4-9: Remove measurements from the trend chart ....................................................................................... 89
Figure 4-10: Change Y Scale method.................................................................................................................................. 90
Figure 4-11: Add annotations ................................................................................................................................................ 90
Figure 4-12: Example annotation ......................................................................................................................................... 91
Figure 4-13: Data Table with colour-coding – add / remove measurement points ..................................... 92
Figure 4-14: Data Table tooltip.............................................................................................................................................. 93
Figure 4-15: Status worksheet .............................................................................................................................................. 93
Figure 4-16: Status area columns ........................................................................................................................................ 94
Figure 4-17: Status > Event Point type .............................................................................................................................. 94
Figure 4-18: Display names ..................................................................................................................................................... 95
Figure 4-19: Rename a measurement point ................................................................................................................... 95
Figure 4-20: Rate of Change chart ....................................................................................................................................... 95
Figure 4-21: Custom: Rate Of Change Parameters...................................................................................................... 96
Figure 4-22: ROC tooltip showing parameters .............................................................................................................. 96
Figure 4-23: Example Rate of Change e-mail alert ...................................................................................................... 97
Figure 4-24: ROC settings in TransConnect .................................................................................................................... 98
Figure 4-25: TDCG Chart .......................................................................................................................................................... 99
Figure 4-26: TDCG Chart ........................................................................................................................................................100
Figure 4-27: Key Gas charts ..................................................................................................................................................101
Figure 4-28: Overvoltages worksheet ..............................................................................................................................102
Figure 4-29: Gas Ratios worksheet ...................................................................................................................................103
Figure 4-30: IEEE C57.104 version of Gas Ratios ........................................................................................................104
Figure 4-31 Ratios Table display for Gas Ratios ..........................................................................................................104
Figure 4-32: Ratios Trend Graph.........................................................................................................................................105
Figure 4-33: Custom ratio trend plot................................................................................................................................106
Figure 4-34: ETRA Diagram A ...............................................................................................................................................107

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Figure 4-35: ETRA Diagram B ...............................................................................................................................................107
Figure 4-36: Duval's Triangle – Classic.............................................................................................................................108
Figure 4-37: Duval's Triangle – LTC example ................................................................................................................109
Figure 4-38: Duval's Triangle – Type 4 example ..........................................................................................................109
Figure 4-39: Duval's Triangle – Type 5 example ..........................................................................................................110
Figure 4-40: Duval’s Pentagon 1 for 5 gases .................................................................................................................111
Figure 4-41: Duval’s Pentagon 2 for 5 gases .................................................................................................................111
Figure 4-42: Models > Hydran Readings .........................................................................................................................113
Figure 4-43: Example of deselecting a parameter .....................................................................................................114
Figure 4-44: Gauge Representation – examples .........................................................................................................114
Figure 4-45: Bushing Monitor polar plot .........................................................................................................................115
Figure 4-46: Bushing Monitor polar plot — alarms ....................................................................................................115
Figure 4-47: Bushing Monitor graphing options..........................................................................................................116
Figure 4-48: Bushing Monitor polar plot – controls ...................................................................................................116
Figure 4-49: Bushing Monitor polar plot – zooming ..................................................................................................117
Figure 4-50: Other controls ...................................................................................................................................................117
Figure 4-51: Histogram (left) and polar plot (right) using the same dataset ................................................118
Figure 4-52: Asset Explorer ...................................................................................................................................................118
Figure 4-53: Shortcut menu to choose BMT device...................................................................................................118
Figure 4-54: Partial Discharge polar plots ......................................................................................................................119
Figure 4-55: Partial Discharge graphing options.........................................................................................................119
Figure 4-56: Toggle charts .....................................................................................................................................................120
Figure 4-57: Partial Discharge trend chart ....................................................................................................................120
Figure 4-58: Return to Polar view.......................................................................................................................................120
Figure 4-59: Plot shortcut menu .........................................................................................................................................121
Figure 4-60: Appearance shortcut menu .......................................................................................................................121
Figure 4-61: Phase shortcut menu ....................................................................................................................................121
Figure 4-62: PRPD Range dialog ..........................................................................................................................................121
Figure 4-63: PRPD standard 2-D chart.............................................................................................................................122
Figure 4-64: PRPD histogram ...............................................................................................................................................122
Figure 4-65: Inter-Phase Angle ............................................................................................................................................123
The Bushings option offers a choice of Primary, Secondary or Tertiary Bushings as shown in ...........123
Figure 4-66: Bushings shortcut menu ..............................................................................................................................123
Figure 4-67: Appearance shortcut menu .......................................................................................................................123
Figure 4-68: View shortcut menu .......................................................................................................................................124
Figure 4-69: Data Table with Caution and Alarm limits tooltip ...........................................................................124
Figure 4-70: Status worksheet with Caution and Alarm limits............................................................................124
Figure 4-71: MS 3000 Log-in screen..................................................................................................................................125
Figure 4-72: Properties – Communications – IP address........................................................................................125
Figure 4-73: COMTRADE History ........................................................................................................................................126
Figure 4-74: Breaker Trend Chart ......................................................................................................................................126
Figure 4-75: ESA Data ..............................................................................................................................................................127
Figure 4-76: ESA Circle Chart ...............................................................................................................................................128
Figure 4-77: Breaker Data ......................................................................................................................................................128
Figure 4-78: Breaker Data ......................................................................................................................................................129
Figure 4-79: ESA Models .........................................................................................................................................................130
Figure 4-80: LDR Trends .........................................................................................................................................................130
Figure 5-1: Download ...............................................................................................................................................................132
Figure 5-2: Download progress ...........................................................................................................................................132
Figure 5-3: Cancel Download ...............................................................................................................................................133
Figure 5-4: TransConnect.......................................................................................................................................................134
Table 5-1: Export options .......................................................................................................................................................135
Figure 5-5: Export options .....................................................................................................................................................136
Figure 5-6: Save as a CSV file ...............................................................................................................................................136
Figure 5-7: Import a file ...........................................................................................................................................................137

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Figure 5-8: Open a CSV file ....................................................................................................................................................137
Figure 5-9: Download Service Logs - Network .............................................................................................................139
Figure 5-10: Download Service Logs - USB ....................................................................................................................139
Figure 5-11: Tools > Options > View .................................................................................................................................140
Figure 5-12: Transformer Status report context menu ...........................................................................................141
Figure 5-13: Report Configuration Wizard.....................................................................................................................141
Figure 5-14: Transformer Status Report .........................................................................................................................142
Figure 5-15: Tools menu .........................................................................................................................................................143
Figure 5-16: Workflow Scheduler dialog.........................................................................................................................143
Figure 5-17: Workflow Scheduler enabled ....................................................................................................................144
Figure 5-18: External Tools Menu Option .......................................................................................................................144
Figure 5-19: External Tools dialog ......................................................................................................................................144
Figure 5-20: External Tools dialog – after clicking ‘Add’ ..........................................................................................145
Figure 5-21: External Tools – Notepad example .........................................................................................................145
Figure 5-22: External Tools – Notepad example with an argument ..................................................................146
Figure 5-23: Tools Menu option with Notepad added to external tools..........................................................146
Figure 5-24: Deleting an External Tool ............................................................................................................................147
Figure 5-25: Tools Menu with Notepad removed .......................................................................................................147
Figure 5-26: Transport X2 Asset hierarchy .....................................................................................................................147
Figure 5-27: Transport X2 Properties worksheet – before connection.............................................................148
Figure 5-28: Transport X2 Properties tab – after connection ................................................................................148
Figure 5-29: Transport X2 Download measurements message ...........................................................................148
Figure 5-30: Transport X2 options ......................................................................................................................................149
Figure A-1: Validation ..............................................................................................................................................................150
Figure A-2: Download ..............................................................................................................................................................151
Figure A-3: Security Warning ...............................................................................................................................................151
Figure A-4: Browser Security Warning ............................................................................................................................151
Figure A-5: Installation dialogs ............................................................................................................................................152
Figure A-6: Unsuccessful device driver installation...................................................................................................152
Figure A-7: Control Panel .......................................................................................................................................................153
Figure A-8: Devices and Printers ........................................................................................................................................154
Figure A-9: Device Manager ..................................................................................................................................................154
Figure A-10: Device Manager – Update Driver Software ........................................................................................155
Figure A-11: Update Driver Software - Kelman Transport X .................................................................................155
Figure A-12: Browse for driver software.........................................................................................................................156
Figure A-13: Choose the device type ................................................................................................................................156
Figure A-14: Select the device driver................................................................................................................................157
Figure A-15: Update driver warning ..................................................................................................................................157
Figure A-16: Installation progress bar .............................................................................................................................158
Figure A-17: Driver update complete ...............................................................................................................................158
Figure A-18: Successful connection ..................................................................................................................................159
Table B-1: Database Mappings ............................................................................................................................................160
Table C-1: Problems & Resolutions ...................................................................................................................................177
Figure D-1: PGA diagnostic information .........................................................................................................................180
Table D-1: Transfix-family PGA Error codes ..................................................................................................................181
Table D-2: MINITRANS PGA Error codes .........................................................................................................................181
Table D-3: PGA Status flags ..................................................................................................................................................182
Table F-1: CSV fields .................................................................................................................................................................193
Figure F-1: Main Transformer Details...............................................................................................................................194
Figure F-2: Workflow Associations....................................................................................................................................194
Figure F-3: Inhibitor Concentration...................................................................................................................................198
Figure F-4: Total PCB concentration .................................................................................................................................199
Figure G-1: Certificate Error..................................................................................................................................................205
Figure G-2: MS 3000 Untrusted Certificate ...................................................................................................................206
Figure G-3: Certificate Information ...................................................................................................................................206

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Figure G-4: Certificate Import Wizard – Certificate Store ......................................................................................207
Figure G-5: Certificate Import Wizard – confirmation .............................................................................................207
Figure G-6: Internet Options ................................................................................................................................................208
Figure G-7: Certificates: Trusted Root Certification Authorities .........................................................................208
Figure G-8: Certificate Export Wizard – Certificate file name ..............................................................................209
Figure G-9: Certificate Export Wizard – confirmation ..............................................................................................209
Figure G-10: MMC main screen ...........................................................................................................................................209
Figure G-11: MMC Add Certificates ...................................................................................................................................210
Figure G-12: MMC Certificates snap-in ...........................................................................................................................210
Figure G-13: MMC Select Computer .................................................................................................................................211
Figure G-14: MMC Certificates added ..............................................................................................................................211
Figure G-15: MMC main screen – Certificates (Local Computer) .......................................................................212
Figure G-16: Certificate Import Wizard ...........................................................................................................................212
Figure G-17: Certificate Import Wizard – Certificate file name ...........................................................................213
Figure G-18: Certificate Import Wizard – confirmation...........................................................................................213

Related Documents
Ref# Title
MA-021 Perception Server - Installation & User Guide
MA-022 Perception Web - Installation & User Guide
MA-023 Perception Workflow Designer - Installation & User Guide

Abbreviations & Definitions

Abbreviation Meaning
KPD file suffix for a Perception Database file (stored in a SQL format)
TOA file suffix for a device configuration file (stored in a CSV format)
DGA Dissolved Gas Analysis
CSV Comma Separated Variable – an industry-standard neutral data exchange format
SQL Structured Query Language – an industry-standard database format

MA-020 – Perception Desktop 2.4 – Installation & User Guide – Rev 10.0 24-May-23 Page 9 of 214
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Product Overview
Perception is a software product designed to assist power plant personnel in the
maintenance and management of oil-insulated equipment used in the transmission and
distribution of electrical power. It is used primarily for diagnosing fault conditions as well
as trending measurements taken from transformers, circuit breakers and tap-changers.
The software accepts data from either manual or automated programs of regular
sampling and condition analysis of the equipment’s insulating oil as well as other
performance data. Several well-established and recognized empirical diagnostic rules
are used to present information to the user on the condition of the insulating oil used in
the electrical equipment. This assists in the running of a maintenance program and in
the identification of potential fault conditions. It allows both the maintenance engineer
and asset manager to monitor and diagnose transformer data collected by GE’s range of
on-line monitoring units. The data includes Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA), calculated
models, bushing and other transformer measurements. By providing access to this
valuable data along with powerful diagnostic tools, Perception delivers clear transformer
condition information. This enables decisions to be made quickly and reliably, helping to
extend the life of transformers, reduce unplanned outage, and avoid catastrophic failure.
Although Perception is an expert analysis and information system, it is only an aid and
should not be regarded as a replacement for the knowledge of a subject matter expert in
the analysis of insulating oil used in electrical equipment and the operation of oil filled
power equipment.

1.2 Software Family

There are four members of the Perception family.
▪ Perception Desktop — A standalone software application that provides customized
access to the centrally located asset database. It provides advanced diagnostic
profiles on device data, a multi-page transformer report containing key transformer
information as well as the facility to launch external applications. Additionally,
Perception Desktop can operate standalone or as part of a larger centralized asset
management suite in conjunction with Perception Server.
▪ Perception Server — The pinnacle of transformer asset management software.
Perception Server provides a fleet-wide network overview via a wallboard display,
automatic data downloading with configurable scheduling, email notifications of
device condition changes and a TOA4 data export facility. It uses a centralized data
storage location based on SQL Server to which Perception Desktop links seamlessly
via secure OPC UA communications.
▪ Perception Web — A web-based solution that provides read-only access to the
centrally located asset database. This offers a convenient way to obtain readings and
consolidated data analysis across a variety of platforms including mobile devices. This
includes transformer dashboards, wallboards and an overview to the status of the
entire transformer fleet.
▪ Perception Workflow Designer — The workflow designer uses common flowcharting
techniques to express transformer diagnostic processes as a model. These models

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 are known as workflows and in turn drive the Perception dashboard. The Designer
brings easily modifiable workflow-enabled capabilities to the Perception software
suite allowing control over the diagnostic process and customization of how data is
presented on the Perception dashboard.
Note: Perception Express is no longer available and should be removed since
Perception Desktop includes all this functionality and more.

1.3 What’s New?

▪ DGA 900 PLUS with Bushing Monitoring – addition of 9 bushing functionality
▪ Minor enhancements and bug fixes
Note: If upgrading to Perception Desktop/Server 2.4. X from version 1.X, please
contact GE Support before commencing as depending upon the size and
complexity of the existing database, a service visit may be required to make the
transition.

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1.4 Desktop Features
Perception Desktop offers the following:
▪ Can be used as a stand-alone application or as a client application in a large
centralized Perception Server environment
▪ Wallboard facility gives an overview to the entire fleet
▪ Trend charts for any measured parameters, including polar plots for Bushing Monitors
and Partial Discharge (Intellix BMT devices & DGA 900 PLUS with bushing monitoring)
▪ Current status and data history displays
▪ Configure the data upload frequency from remote monitors
▪ Pre-set trend and diagnostic graphs for dissolved gases
▪ User-configurable trend graphs for any monitored parameters
▪ Gas Ratio trend charts
▪ Preset fault monitoring displays utilising Gas ratios (IEC60599 & IEEE C57.104,
Transformer Condition, Rogers Ratio and Doernenburg Ratio), Duval’s diagnostics and
Japanese ETRA standards
▪ Models for Intellix MO150 & Hydran M2 / M2-X devices (see Section 4.16)
▪ Transformer Report for an overview to key information on a transformer’s condition
based on the dissolved gas measurement analysis and user input (see Section 5.5)
▪ Facility to launch external applications from within Perception Desktop (see Section
5.7)

1.5 System Requirements

The minimum PC and system requirements for Perception Desktop are:
Operating System: Windows 7 with .NET Framework 4.5
CPU: 2 GHz Processor
Memory: 2 GB RAM
HDD: 10 GB free
Graphics Card: 64 MB graphics, update to the latest driver for your hardware to
ensure that it can provide all the facilities of NET Framework 4.5
Note: Windows 8 does not enable Microsoft .NET 3.5 features by default. However, all
Perception installers require .NET 3.5, so you will be prompted to enable it.

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1.6 Software Licensing
Perception Desktop uses a tier-licensing model when used with Perception Server. This
provides greater flexibility to add devices and manage license expiry. There are six tiers
in the model, as listed in Table 1-1, with each tier supporting an increasing number of
devices according to a range of accumulated device weightings.
Table 1-1: Tier scores
Tier Accumulated
weightings
1 0-50
2 51-100
3 101-150
4 151-250
5 251-500
6 501+
The weighting scores for each type of device are listed in Table 1-2.
Table 1-2: Device scores
Device Weighting Score
Offline 1
201Ti 2
Hydran M2 / M2-X 3
8 series relays 3
MO150 4
MINITRANS 4
CB Watch3 4
Transfix 5
DGA 500 5
DGA 900 5
BMT 300 5
DUALTRANS 6
TAPTRANS / DGA 900 TAPTRANS 6
MULTITRANS / DGA 900 6
MULTITRANS
Transfix PLUS 6
DGA 900 PLUS 6
TMS 7
MS 3000 7
You can add any number of devices and assets within the limits set by the Perception
fleet license tier. To add further devices or assets requires a license upgrade — contact
Customer Support.
Note: Customers on an existing annual fleet licensing agreement can add assets and
devices beyond the limits set by the new license tier. However, once the annual
fleet license agreement expires, the license tier is recalculated and may require
an upgrade to service all devices.
Note: When connected to Perception Server, the Fleet Summary window becomes
available in Perception Desktop and provides details on the Perception license

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 tier including expiry date and a summary of the devices and assets that have
been added to the database.

1.6.1 License Expiry

A License Expiry message appears in Perception Desktop 90 days before the Perception
fleet license is due to expire as shown in Figure 1-1. Reminder messages are
automatically scheduled to reappear at 60 days, 30 days, 15 days and 5 days, or on each
first launch of the application within the set days of the expiration period.

2.4

Figure 1-1: License expiry notification

A yellow warning icon also appears in the lower right corner of the application window
with a tooltip when you rest the mouse pointer over it as shown in Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-2: License warning indicator

Perception Server restricts functionality after license expiration. The following features
are disabled:
▪ Transformer Risk Evaluations
▪ Fleet Ranking
▪ Transformer and Fleet Dashboard
▪ Wallboard Fleet Visualisation
▪ Perception Web
▪ Expert Email Notifications

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1.6.2 Fleet Summary
Perception provides a useful summary dialog with license tier details and all assets and
devices that comprise the Perception Fleet. Select Help > Fleet Summary as shown in
Figure 1-3.

Figure 1-3: Help menu

The Fleet Summary dialog displays as shown in Figure 1-4.

Figure 1-4: Fleet Summary dialog

1.7 Customer Support

E-mail: [email protected]

United Kingdom +44 1785-250-070

North America toll-free: 1-800-361-3652

Worldwide: +1 514-420-7460

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2 INSTALLING & CONFIGURING
2.1 Overview
There are two main steps to installing and setting up Perception Desktop:
▪ Install the Perception Desktop software on your PC.
Note: It is advisable to use Windows Update to check that your PC is running an up-
to-date version of the ‘.NET Framework’ before launching the Perception
Desktop installer.
▪ Set up the connections to the Perception databases or Perception Server.
Note: If you install Transport X software on your PC, you can also incorporate data
from the Transport X portable range.

2.2 Run the Perception Desktop Installer

2.2.1 To install Perception Desktop, double click the
Perception.Desktop.Setup.exe file. The Setup / Upgrade Wizard opens to
guide you through the process as shown in Figure 2-1. Click Next to proceed.
Note: The Perception.Desktop.Setup.msi file must also be available in the same
location.

Figure 2-1: Welcome to the Perception Desktop Setup Wizard

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 2.2.2 If the License Agreement is acceptable, select I accept the terms in the
License Agreement and click Next as shown in Figure 2-2.

Figure 2-2: License Agreement

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 2.2.3 Browse to select the installation folder or accept the default folder and click
Next to continue as shown in Figure 2-3.
Note: If your PC is shared with other users, you can choose to install Perception
Desktop for use under your login account only, or for all user accounts of the
PC.

Figure 2-3: Select Installation Folder

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 2.2.4 Click Next to start the installation, Back to backtrack and change some of the
selections, or Cancel to quit the process entirely, as shown in Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4: Confirm Installation

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 2.2.5 If you click Next, then the installation commences and a progress bar indicates
the progress so far as shown in Figure 2-5. The installation may take some
minutes.

Figure 2-5: Installing Perception Desktop

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 2.2.6 The Setup Wizard completes the installation and presents the following
message as shown in Figure 2-6. Click Finish to exit.

Figure 2-6: Installation Complete

Perception Desktop is now successfully installed. Other related software installations

include:
▪ Transport X: the data storage software supplied with the portable Transport X
products. It is used to read the data from the portable devices. Perception Desktop
can automatically interface with the Transport X software to incorporate that data
into the main Perception database. To do so, the Transport X device must previously
be installed on your PC. See the Transport X device manual for details and 5.8 for
installation details.
▪ Intellix BMT 300/330: the software used to configure and monitor Intellix BMT devices.
▪ TransCom: the software used by Perception to support Transfix 1.0/1.5 devices.

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2.3 Firewall Settings
Perception Desktop must be allowed to communicate with Perception Server through
your firewall. This requires opening certain ports for inbound connection on the
Perception Server firewall. The UA Discovery Server application should also be added as
a permissible program to send and receive through the firewall. Note: Your firewall
settings are maintained by your IT administrator.

2.3.1 Perception Server ports

Perception Server requires the following ports to be opened:
▪ 502 (for Transfix, CB Watch and 8 series relay devices)
▪ 5000 (for Hydran devices)
▪ 62541 (to allow the client to read the server configuration via Discovery Server)
▪ 69 UDP (to allow TFTP data download from 8 series relays)
▪ 80 HTTP (for DGA 900 and CB Watch devices)
▪ 443 HTTPS (for DGA 900 and CB Watch devices)
It is recommended that the Perception database be located on the same server as
Perception Server. If not, then the following additional port needs to be opened:
▪ 1433 TCP (to allow the client to connect with the SQL Server)

2.3.2 Perception Client ports

Perception Desktop requires the following ports to be opened:
▪ 4840 (for Perception Server to be discovered)
▪ 62541 (to allow the client to read the server configuration via Discovery Server)
▪ 1433 TCP (to allow the client to connect with the SQL Server)

2.4 Create a New Database Connection

Launching the Perception software for the first time prompts for a database connection
in order to use the software as shown in Figure 2-7.

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 Figure 2-7: Getting Started

Having installed and authenticated the Perception Desktop software, you should now
establish a database connection Note: This task need only be performed once.
Perception Desktop allows the user to connect to a Perception Server database (as
outlined in Section 2.4.1) or to a local (file-based) database as outlined in Section 2.4.1.1.

2.4.1 Create a new connection to a Perception Server database

Note: Perception Server must be installed prior. The Perception Server database is
created and administered by your System Administrator.
To establish a new connection with a Perception Server database, start Perception
Desktop and select File > Connect as shown in Figure 2-8.

Figure 2-8: Connect to an existing database

The ‘Login’ dialog box as shown in Figure 2-9 allows you to specify the connection details.
Click the (…) browse button to configure the server connection.

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 Figure 2-9: Login

The ‘Configure a Server Connection’ wizard opens as shown in Figure 2-10 and is
designed to assist you with the configuration. Click Next to proceed.

Figure 2-10: Configure a Server Connection

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 Type the Discovery IP Address or Discovery hostname and click Next as shown in Figure
2-11.

The Server Name

Figure 2-11: Enter Discovery Server

The Discovery Server lists all Perception Server databases that it finds as shown in Figure
2-12. Select the database that you wish to establish a connection with and click Next.

urn: server name:Perception.Server.AAA-123ABCD

Figure 2-12: List of Perception databases

The ‘Configure Options’ step of the wizard then invites you to confirm the security
settings for the connection. Figure 2-13 shows the default security settings — make any
changes if required and click Next.
Note: Consult with your network administrator to confirm if any of these settings
should be changed.

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 Figure 2-13: Configure Options

A confirmation message displays the chosen settings and indicates that the server
configuration is now complete as shown in Figure 2-14. Click Finish to proceed.

The server address / Perception Server

Figure 2-14: Server Configuration Complete

You are returned to the Login prompt as shown in Figure 2-15. Choose the
Authentication method to be associated with this connection, and finally, enter the user
name and password and click OK.
Note: Your System Administrator will have these login details.

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 The server address / Perception Server

Figure 2-15: Login prompt

When connecting for the first time, you will also need to ensure that the respective
certificate on both the client and server are trusted. See Section 2.4.2.1 for trusting the
Server certificate and speak to your System Administrator for trusting the client
certificate.

2.4.1.1 Trusting Perception Certificates

As a security measure, Perception uses electronic credentials known as certificates to

authenticate clients and servers. Every time a new Perception Desktop client is added,
both the client and the server administrator must trust each other’s certificates (or
physically exchange certificates as outlined below). This ensures that the requisite trust
exists between client and server. Once the certificates have been exchanged, seamless
communication can take place.
When you try and connect a Perception Desktop client to the server for the first time,
the connection will be rejected as shown in Figure 2-16.
Note: With every attempted connection, the Server’s certificate is automatically
copied to the client’s rejected folder and the client’s certificate is automatically
copied to the server’s rejected folder.

Figure 2-16: Server certificate not trusted

This is because the client does not trust the server. To trust the server certificate, the
certificate must be moved from the client’s rejected certificate store and added to the
client’s trusted certificate store.
To do this, open File Explorer and navigate to the rejected folder at this location:
C:\ProgramData\GE_Energy\Perception\RejectedCertificates\cert
s
Note: In Windows 10, the ProgramData folder may be hidden. If so, show hidden
items in the File Explorer View menu.
Look for a certificate of the following format:

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 Perception.Desktop.<computer name>[key].der
Where <computer name> is the computer name of the server, and [key] is the public
certificate key.
Move this certificate to the “TrustedCertificates\certs” folder at this location:
C:\ProgramData\GE_Energy\Perception\TrustedCertificates\certs
When you try to connect again you will get another connection error as shown in Figure
2-17.

Figure 2-17: Client certificate not trusted

This is because the server does not trust the client. To trust the client certificate, the
certificate must be moved from the server’s rejected certificate store and added to the
server’s trusted certificate store.
Note: Contact your Server Administrator to have the relevant steps taken on the
Server side.
All these steps must be performed after every first connection attempt of a new user
and so requires both client user and Server Administrator to move the respective
certificate to the “trusted folder” on their respective machine in order to establish a
trusted relationship and thereby permit communication.

2.4.2 Create a new local database

To create a new local database for Perception Desktop, select File > New Database as
shown in Figure 2-18.

Figure 2-18: New Database option

In the Create New dialog, navigate to the save location, enter a name for the local
database file and click Save as shown in Figure 2-19.

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 Note: The file type uses the file extension “.kpd” to denote a Perception Desktop
database file.

Figure 2-19: Save the local database

The new database is represented in the Asset Explorer pane of Perception Desktop as
shown in Figure 2-20. See Section 3.2 for methods of adding data to the local database.

Figure 2-20: New local database

2.4.2.1 Connect to an older version KPD local database (for the first time)

When you open an older Perception local database* for the first time (i.e. after upgrading
to version 2.4.X), it will be upgraded to the latest format. You will be prompted as shown
in Figure 2-21.
*Note: This is not suitable for SEI files from Perception 0. For details of how to upgrade
an SEI database, please contact [email protected] or a GE technical
engineer.

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 Figure 2-21: Upgrade Local Database Format

If you click Yes, the local database is upgraded to the latest format. A progress bar
indicates progress, but it can take considerable time depending on the database size. If
you click No, the Load operation is aborted.
Note: The upgraded database can no longer be read by previous versions of
Perception. During the upgrade process, a backup copy is created in the original
format, but using “3325” as the file extension instead of ‘.kpd’ (this number
represents the original database schema version number.) If you wish to use
this database for historical/archival reasons, then it can be read into a previous
Perception version. Before attempting to do so, change the database filename,
or move its location and change its file extension back to ‘.kpd’.

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3 ORGANISING ASSETS
3.1 Introduction
Upon successful connection to a database, Perception opens on the Database node
showing a Fleet Overview page with a useful summary of the status of the entire fleet.
See Section 3.2 for more details.
If you have opened a new database, then no information will be shown until you add
assets and set up the asset properties. See Section 3.2 and Section3.8.1.

Figure 3-1: Fleet Overview (only available when connected to Perception Server)

3.1.1 Managing Database Connections

Perception Desktop allows the user to connect to a Perception Server database or to a
local database.
Note: You can only be connected to one database at a time. To connect to another
database requires disconnecting from the current database.
Note: For more details on the advantages of upgrading to a Perception Server
database, please contact a GE sales representative.

3.1.1.1 Connect to the Server

To connect with a Perception Server database, select File > Connect… as shown in
Figure 3-2.

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 Figure 3-2: Database Connect option

The ‘Login’ dialog box displays as shown in Figure 3-3 with the Server field populated
with the Perception Server if you have connected previously.
Note: If the Server field is not populated or if you wish to change it, see Section 2.4.1.

Figure 3-3: Perception database login

Enter the username, password and click OK.

Note: If forgotten, contact the System Administrator.
Alternatively, if the Administrator has enabled anonymous access, sign on as an
‘Anonymous’ user without the need for a user name or password (but with
corresponding Observer status i.e. read-only permissions). This is accessed via the
‘Authentication’ dropdown menu.
Note: Refer to Section 2.4.1.1 if you receive a connection error relating to trusting
certificates.

3.1.1.2 Disconnect from the Server

To disconnect from Perception Server, select File > Disconnect as shown in Figure 3-4.

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 Figure 3-4: Disconnect from Perception Server

This action closes the connection to the Perception Server database and clears the Asset
Explorer of all assets.

3.1.1.3 Open a local database

To connect to a local Perception database on your PC, select File > Open Database… as
shown in Figure 3-5.

Figure 3-5: Open local database

This displays a list of local databases (those with the ‘kpd’ file extension), for example, as
shown in Figure 3-6.

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 Figure 3-6: Local databases

Select the local database that you wish to open and click Open.

3.1.1.4 Close a local database

To close a local database, select File > Close Database as shown in Figure 3-7.

Figure 3-7: Close a local database

This closes the local database and clears the Asset Explorer of all assets.

3.1.2 Interface
The main screen of the Perception Desktop is divided into two parts as shown in Figure
3-8.
▪ The Asset Explorer (denoted by the blue border)
▪ The Data Area (denoted by the green border)
The Database node is located at the top of the Asset Explorer hierarchy with all nodes
structured below it. Select a node in the Asset Explorer on the left e.g.
GE_Trans_Gen_02A to make it the active node (as highlighted in blue), and its details
display in the Data Area to the right as shown in Figure 3-8.

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 Figure 3-8: Perception Desktop main screen

3.1.2.1 Asset Explorer

The Asset Explorer uses a tree-like structure to represent the hierarchy of assets and
monitoring devices across multiple areas. Distinct graphical nodes represent Areas,
Substations, Transformer Banks, Transformers, Circuit breakers and monitoring devices
across the entire fleet. This tree-like structure provides a logical means of organising the
assets and a useful means by which to navigate the hierarchy and find an asset. The
Asset Explorer also features a Search box as shown in Figure 3-9 (left). Type the first few
characters (minimum 2) of the asset name to filter the asset hierarchy as shown in
Figure 3-9 (right).

Figure 3-9: Asset Explorer – Search & results

Click a side right-pointing arrow to expand a node and reveal its hierarchy or associated
monitoring device. Typically an ‘Area’ sits at the top of the hierarchy, while a ‘monitoring
device’ sits at the bottom of the hierarchy.
The asset icons (or nodes) have a status indicator:

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 ▪ Green Tick: All monitored parameters within bounds.

▪ Amber Exclamation Mark: A parameter(s) has exceeded the

High or Low thresholds.

▪ Red Cross: A parameter(s) has exceeded the “High-High” or

“Low-Low” or Ratio thresholds.

▪ Purple: Indicates that there is uncertainty in the latest

measurement accuracy, or the latest measurement is
considered to be in error. Refer to the device data table.
▪ Blue: Indicates the device has experienced a fault and
requires a service.
Note: The device status is reproduced up the asset tree so that the related
Transformer, Substation and Area also reflect the status of its worst
subordinate device.

3.1.2.2 Data Area

The Data Area shows the corresponding details as calculated or retrieved from the
database for the selected node in the hierarchy. For example, Figure 3-8 shows the
details for the transformer GE_Trans_Gen_02A (as selected in the Asset Explorer).
The relevant data for the selected node is displayed across a series of tabs on the
bottom of the screen (denoted by the purple border in Figure 3-8). The number and type
of tabs vary according to the node. Selecting a tab opens the relevant tabbed page or
worksheet.
The last activated tab opens the next time the node is selected. The default tab for
assets and monitoring devices is Properties.
Note: To remove a tab, click the ‘X’ on the tab. It can be restored via the View menu,
but a custom display tab can only be recreated manually. See Section 4.4.1.

3.1.3 User Roles (Network databases only)

Perception downloads the sampling data from your monitoring devices and stores it in a
database. The database can be stored on your PC (known as a ‘local’ database), or stored
at a remote location when used in conjunction with Perception Server (known as a
‘network’ database).
Note: A local database can only be accessed by users of that PC.
When used in conjunction with Perception Server, there are three user roles:
▪ Observer: ‘Read-only’ permissions to view the data of all devices, but cannot make any
changes to the data or device settings.
▪ Supervisor: ‘Read-write’ permissions, so can alter device settings including deletion of
a device.
▪ Architect: All the Supervisor permissions plus the rights to manipulate workflows
including scheduling workflows.
Note: A user of a local database always has full permissions for that database.

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 The User role for network databases is controlled by the Administrator of Perception
Server. A Supervisor or Architect role can make changes that affect all users of the
database. They can alter the data upload schedule, change the device hierarchy and
delete devices and data. Therefore, it’s important to restrict the assignment of such roles
to those that need this functionality and can be trusted with these permissions.
Wherever the database is stored, local or network, it is the Perception Desktop
application that downloads the data from the monitoring devices, whereas Perception
Server is used to manage access to a network database.

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3.2 Managing Assets
You use the Asset Explorer to manage the network of assets and monitoring devices.
Note: A Supervisor role (or higher) allows you to create, move and delete assets and
devices (if used in conjunction with Perception Server). Those changes will then
be visible to all other users of the database at the next refresh (normally within
a few seconds).

3.2.1 Adding Assets

To add a new node to the hierarchy, right click on the node under which the new node
will sit and select New as shown in Figure 3-10. You have the option of adding a new
Area, Substation, Plant, Transformer, Transformer Bank, Circuit Breaker, Motor or
a variety of monitoring devices.

Figure 3-10: New nodes

Plant is available by default as shown above, while support has been added for GE’s
Multilin 845 transformer protection relay running firmware version 1.7 or later, Multilin
850 Feeder protection relay running firmware version 1.7 or later and Multilin 869 Motor
protection relay running firmware version 2.00 or later.
Note: An additional installer is required to create 8 series relays. (Contact a GE sales
representative to avail of this functionality.) 8 series relays are supported only
in Perception Fleet.

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 Motor and Circuit Breaker assets are created at the same level in the asset hierarchy as
a Transformer and behave in a similar manner. The 869 relay device is the only child of
the Motor that can monitor a Motor asset. The 850 relay device can only be added as a
child of a circuit breaker.
The 845 relay device can be added as a child of a transformer allowing users to compare
the data received from the relay with other monitored transformer data using the
transformer worksheets.
For assets and monitoring devices, complete their properties via the Properties tabbed
page as shown in Section 3.8.1.

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3.2.2 Renaming Assets
To rename an existing asset, right click on it and select Rename as shown in Figure 3-11.

Figure 3-11: Rename a node

3.2.3 Deleting Assets

To delete an asset, right click on it and select Delete as shown in Figure 3-12.

Figure 3-12: Delete a node

Warning: This action will delete the asset from the database entirely,
including all data downloaded from that device.

Warning: The deletion of an asset will also delete all its subordinate assets.
If you are reorganising the hierarchy into new groupings, ensure that you
move all the subordinate assets to new areas within the Asset Hierarchy
before the deletion of a grouping.

Before the asset is deleted, you must confirm your action as shown in Figure 3-13. Click
Yes to delete the asset or No to cancel the operation.

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 Figure 3-13: Confirm Delete

3.2.4 Moving Assets

The nodes in the Asset Hierarchy can be grouped using drag-and-drop methods. You can
move individual nodes, or move a tree of nodes under another node in the asset
hierarchy, depending on the hierarchical level selected.
To move a node, rest the mouse pointer over the node, then click and hold the left
mouse button. Drag the node to its new position in the hierarchy before releasing the left
mouse button.
Before the node is moved, you must confirm your action as shown in Figure 3-14. Select
Yes to move the node or No to cancel the operation.

Figure 3-14: Confirm Move

In the example shown in Figure 3-14, the asset “SubStation1” has been moved from the
same level as “Area1” to a subordinate level under “Area1” (denoted by the indentation).

Figure 3-15: Asset Explorer drag and drop

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3.3 Fleet Overview
If you select the top-level database node in the Asset Explorer, a Fleet Overview page
displays with useful information summarising the health of the entire fleet as shown in
Figure 3-16.

Figure 3-16: Fleet Overview

You can search for specific monitoring events using keywords in the Event Search box
located at the top of the Fleet Overview page as shown in Figure 3-17. If you enter the
name of an area, plant, substation or transformer, you will obtain all related transformer
events for that area, plant, substation or transformer. Use the ‘Navigate to Asset’ link (as
highlighted below) to navigate directly to the affected asset in the Asset Explorer. Use
the Date boxes to filter events by date or click More to filter the search by event type as
shown in Figure 3-17.

Figure 3-17: Event Search

Note: A similar Fleet Overview page exists at the database node level for Circuit
Breakers.

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3.4 Areas, Plants & Substations
Assets can be arranged hierarchically in the Asset Explorer under Areas, Plants and
Substations. Areas, Plants and Substations contain just one tabbed page called a
Wallboard. A Wallboard is a visual overview of all assets and their status shown on an
image, typically a map. A Wallboard can be configured for an Area, Plant, Substation,
Transformer Bank, Transformer or Circuit Breaker. An example of an Area wallboard is
shown in Figure 3-18.
Note: A Plant represents a large industrial site where one or more Transformers or
Motor assets reside. A Motor asset is a child asset of a Plant.

Figure 3-18: Area wallboard example

If used in conjunction with Perception Server, a Wallboard becomes a useful way to

continuously monitor assets, for example, in a control room scenario. Perception Server
facilitates a dynamic picture that updates as the condition of the assets change during
automatic data download. See Section 3.10 for more information on setting up a
Wallboard.

3.5 Transformer
Within a typical Asset Hierarchy there are multiple assets, such as Transformers and
their monitoring devices. If you select a Transformer, a series of tabs display in the
tabbed list at the bottom of the Data area. The default active tab is Properties as shown
in Figure 3-19, but the asset opens on the last activated tab for the asset. See Section
3.9.1 for populating Transformer properties.

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 Figure 3-19: Transformer > Properties

3.5.1 Dashboard example showing MINITRANS

Select the Dashboard tab to display a page with useful information summarising the
measurement data and ranking history for an individual transformer via two sub tabs –
‘Devices Summary’ and ‘Ranking Graph’, as shown in Figure 3-20.
The Dashboard tabbed page opens on the Devices Summary sub-tabbed page of the
Transformer asset as shown in Figure 3-20. This lists each device monitoring the asset
on a separate panel with summarised results from the various monitoring functions and
an overall risk assessment. In this example, Transformer 02A has just one monitor, a
MINITRANS device, attached.

Figure 3-20: Transformer > Dashboard > Devices Summary – MINITRANS

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 Select the Ranking Graph sub tab to display the Risk and Ranking History as shown in
Figure 3-21.

Figure 3-21: Transformer > Dashboard > Ranking Graph – MINITRANS

3.5.2 Dashboard example showing Intellix BMT 330

The device summary for an Intellix BMT device is shown in Figure 3-22. Depending on the
inputs, there are multiple tabs, Primary Input (HV) and Partial Discharge (an additional
tab is shown if the Secondary Input is in use e.g. Low Voltage).

Figure 3-22: Transformer Dashboard > Devices Summary – BMT 330

In the example shown in Figure 3-23, the Primary Input labelled HV displays the following
information:
▪ BMT device ID and Last Measurement timestamp
▪ A graphic summary of the bushing input set; namely ΔC1(%) (the imbalance of the
displacement current amplitudes at the test taps of the three bushings, see Section

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 4.17 Bushing Monitor), and the angles AB() and AC() (the test tap currents Inter-
Phase Angles, see Section 4.20).
▪ An extended numerical overview of the bushings’ status.

Figure 3-23: BMT 330 Device Summary > Primary Input (HV)

In the example shown in Figure 3-24, the Partial Discharge tab displays the following
information:
▪ The Last Measurement timestamp

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 ▪ A graphic summary of the Partial Discharge activity for all three Primary Inputs
namely PDI (mW) (the Partial Discharge Index) and the PD Avg. (pC) (Average Partial
Discharge Apparent Charge) for all three inputs. See Section 4.18.
▪ An extended numerical overview of the PD status.

Figure 3-24: BMT 330 Device Summary > Partial Discharge

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3.5.3 Dashboard example showing MS 3000
The device summary of an MS 3000 device is shown in Figure 3-25. Depending on the
inputs, there are multiple tabs – Load currents, deltaC, Ageing, Gases & Moisture, Tap
changer1 and Temperatures.

Figure 3-25: MS 3000 Device Summary

Perception downloads and visualises the Risk Index results along with the other data
stored on the MS 3000. The Risk Index results are calculated directly on the MS 3000
monitor running master template 3.6.4.22p0_ 3.2.2.13p0_4.5p0 or later.
Perception can be configured to use and display only the Risk Indexes downloaded from
the MS 3000, or only the Risk Index calculated in Perception or a combination of both.
When both Risk Index options are configured, Perception automatically selects and
displays in the most critical Risk Index result and information regardless of its origin.
Figure 3-26 shows how to assign the MS 3000 Risk Index workflow to the transformer so
that the MS 3000 device’s onboard Risk Index can be utilized.

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 Figure 3-26: Transformer > Properties > Workflow Associations

Risk Index data downloaded from the MS 3000 can be exported and imported via the
existing mechanism as outlined in Section 5.

3.6 Transformer Bank

A Transformer Bank is a grouping of single-phase transformers and their associated
monitoring devices under a single visual entity in the Asset Explorer and is represented
on the Area wallboard as a single node.
A Transformer Bank is treated the same as any other asset in that data can be
imported/exported, alarms raised etc. An alarm status (and email notification) on any
child asset propagates up to represent the status of the entire Transformer Bank with
the most significant alarm determining the overall status of the Transformer Bank. A
new Transformer Bank asset can be added to the Asset Hierarchy under an Area or
Substation node. Right click the desired node and select New > Transformer Bank as
shown in Figure 3-27. See Section 3.9.2 for populating Transformer Bank properties.

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 Figure 3-27: New > Transformer Bank

3.7 Circuit Breaker

A Circuit Breaker is another type of asset that can be added to the hierarchy. When a
Circuit Breaker is selected in the Asset Explorer, a similar tabbed list of worksheets
displays below in the Data area to the right. The default active tab is Properties as
shown in Figure 3-49. See Section 3.9.3 for populating Circuit Breaker properties.

Figure 3-28: Circuit Breaker properties

Select the Dashboard tab to display a page with useful information summarising the
measurement data and ranking history for an individual circuit breaker via two sub tabs
– ‘Devices Summary’ and ‘Ranking Graph’, as shown in Figure 3-20.
The Devices Summary for a Circuit Breaker asset is shown in Figure 3-29. This lists each
device monitoring the asset on a separate panel with summarised results from the
various monitoring functions and an overall risk assessment.

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 Figure 3-29: Circuit Breaker asset – Devices Summary – CB Watch 3

The CB Watch 3 monitoring device is not limited to downloading risk index and alarms
data, but can also download data on the opening, pumping and closing operations, as
well as the continuous measurements of the circuit breaker as shown in Figure 3-30.
Perception regularly polls the CB Watch 3 device and checks if an operation has
occurred. If there has been an operation, Perception then downloads the recent opening,
pumping and closing data. Irrespective of any operation taking place, the continuous
measurement data and risk index data is always downloaded and stored every four
hours. The user can configure fast polling of the circuit breaker to allow CB Watch 3 to
obtain the latest data. The polling interval will depend on the customer network, number
of devices etc.

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 Figure 3-30: Circuit Breaker asset – CB Watch 3 – Status worksheet

3.8 Motor
A Motor is another type of asset that can be added to the hierarchy. A motor is organised
under a Plant and parents a Motor protection relay. The Multilin 869 relay is a
microprocessor-based unit designed for the protection, control, and management of
induction and synchronous motors. Base relay models provide thermal overload and
overcurrent protection including current and voltage-based backup functions.
When a Motor is selected in the Asset Explorer, a similar tabbed list of worksheets
displays below in the Data area to the right. The default active tab is Properties as
shown in Figure 3-31. See Section 3.9.4 for populating Motor properties.

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 Figure 3-31: Motor properties

As well as data downloaded from the 869 motor protection relay, motor data can also be
imported using the CSV file import mechanism.
Note: The motor asset is enabled as part of the 869 protection relay support. The 869
relay is the only available child device that can be added to a Motor asset.

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3.8.1 Dashboard example showing Plant Motor (869 Relay)
Select the Dashboard tab to display a snapshot of the most relevant and important
information gleaned from the Motor asset via Multilin 869 relay device. Data is grouped
across a series of subtabs – Events, Latest Events, Motor Start and Breaker Data.
The Dashboard tabbed page opens on the Devices Summary Events sub-tabbed page of
the Motor asset. The Events section shows the frequency of events captured on the 869
relay grouped by event type as well as an event count per month as shown in Figure
3-32.

Figure 3-32: Plant Motor Device Summary

Figure 3-33 shows the Latest Events tabbed page. The Latest Events section lists the
most recent event records in reverse chronological order.

Figure 3-33: Motor > Dashboard > Latest Events

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 Figure 3-34 shows the Motor Start tabbed page. The Motor Start tabbed page plots the
Acceleration Time (Ms), Effective Current (x FLA) and Peak Current (x FLA).

Figure 3-34: Motor > Dashboard > Motor Start

Figure 3-35 shows the Breaker Data tabbed page. The Breaker Data tabbed page
presents two pie charts summarizing Breaker Arc Energy (kA2-Cycle) and Breaker Arc
Time (ms) per phase.

Figure 3-35: Motor > Dashboard > Breaker Data

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3.9 Setting up Asset Properties
Transformers, transformer banks, circuit breakers and devices have several properties
that are configured using the Properties worksheet.

3.9.1 Transformer Properties

When a transformer is selected in the Asset Explorer, the data area to the right lists all
the worksheets (on the bottom) of which the Properties tab is first as shown in Figure
3-36. Since transformers do not have data that can be automatically downloaded, the
transformer properties must be manually entered here.

Figure 3-36: Transformer properties

The Transformer properties fields depend on whether the connection is to Perception

Server or a local KPD database file. For example, there is no Workflow Associations
section for a local KPD database file. The sections within the Properties worksheet are
explained below.
▪ Transformer Name
The Transformer Name is a free text field where you can change the default name and
enter more descriptive text as shown in Figure 3-37.

Figure 3-37: Transformer name

▪ Main Transformer Details

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 The main transformer name plate details are entered in Figure 3-38 and allow the
identity and corresponding details to be stored in the database.

Figure 3-38: Main Transformer Details

Scroll to the right to enter primary, secondary and tertiary Bushing details as shown in
Figure 3-39.

Figure 3-39: Bushings

▪ Voltage Sides
The Voltage Sides section as shown in Figure 3-40 allows information on the
transformer’s Voltage Sides to be stored in the database. To add a Side to the
description, click the Add button.

Figure 3-40: Voltage Sides

▪ Compartments
The Compartments section as shown in Figure 3-41 allows information on the
transformer’s compartments to be stored in the database. To add a Compartment to the
description, click the Add button. To remove a Compartment, click on the compartment
line to be removed and click the Remove button.

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 Figure 3-41: Compartments

▪ Criticality Details
The Criticality Details section as shown in Figure 3-42 allows additional information to be
stored about the transformer, such as its physical location and the availability of spare
parts. These properties may be unique critical factors or more general transformer
characteristics or observations, but nonetheless could have a bearing on risk. The
Criticality Details are used by the fleet ranking algorithms for a better risk assessment
and more accurate transformer rankings.

Figure 3-42: Criticality Details

▪ Workflow Associations
The Workflow Associations section as shown in Figure 3-43 contains settings that are
applied at the workflow level. The top line fields control how the Criticality Details
influence the calculations. The default is to use an ‘Auto criticality calculation’, but this
can be changed to any percentage (0-100%). The bottom field specifies the workflow
associated with the transformer and the weighting of that workflow on the transformer
calculations. Note: Click ‘Remove’ to remove a workflow association. The Ranking
Influence field allows you to control the magnitude of effect that the transformer
measurement parameters have on the data analysis through a sliding five-point scale.
The default is ‘Normal’, but you can also minimize the effect by selecting ‘Extra Rough’ or
maximize the effect by selecting ‘Extra Sensitive’.

Figure 3-43: Workflow Associations

The next step is to add the monitoring devices that are associated with the transformer.
See Section 3.2.1 and Section 3.9.5.
Note: Transformer measurement data can also be imported via a TOA formatted CSV
file (See Section 5.1).

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3.9.2 Transformer Bank Properties
The Transformer Bank’s Properties worksheet allows the user to configure phase
associations as shown in Figure 3-44. Phase associations allow the user to assign a
transformer to its respective phase.

Figure 3-44: Phase Associations

Each phase configuration automatically creates an annotation at the association date in

the Data Table and Trend Chart worksheets when you rest the mouse on the relevant
timestamp as shown in Figure 3-45 and Figure 3-46.

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 Figure 3-45: Phase Association annotation on Data Table

When a data source assignment changes for any transformer that is part of the
Transformer Bank, an annotation is added to the Trend Chart to reflect the assignment
change. An indication will also be made on the diagnostic worksheets to show the data
being displayed crosses over a change of single phase assignment for the online device.

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 Figure 3-46: Phase Association annotation on Trend Chart

The Properties worksheet can also be used to make algorithm assignments for data
sources so that the Transformer Bank and associated single phase transformers can be
risk evaluated and ranked. Figure 3-47 shows how to associate the BMT Standard
workflow with a Transformer Bank.

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 Figure 3-47: Transformer Bank

The Ranking tab shows the Transformer Bank with its condition determined by the
combined risk indexes and conditions of its children including Intellix BMT devices.

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 Figure 3-48: Ranking

3.9.3 Circuit Breaker Properties

When a Circuit Breaker is selected in the Asset Explorer, the data area to the right lists
all the worksheets (on the bottom) of which the Properties tab is first as shown in
Figure 3-49. Since circuit breakers do not have data that can be automatically
downloaded, the circuit breaker properties must be manually entered here.

Figure 3-49: Circuit Breaker properties

The Circuit Breaker properties fields depend on whether the connection is to Perception
Server or a local KPD database file. For example, there is no Workflow Associations
section for a local KPD database file. The sections within the Properties worksheet are
explained below.
▪ Circuit Breaker Name
The Circuit Breaker Name is a free text field where you can change the default name and
enter more descriptive text as shown in Figure 3-50.

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 Figure 3-50: Circuit Breaker name

▪ Main Circuit Breaker Details

The Main Circuit Breaker Details are entered in Figure 3-51 and allow the identity and
corresponding details to be stored in the database.

Figure 3-51: Main Circuit Breaker Details

▪ Workflow Associations
CB Watch 3 support is available for the Perception Workflow Risk Indexing and Ranking
mechanism. A new algorithm called CB Watch has been created under the Workflows
dropdown list as shown in Figure 3-52. When selected, Perception uses the Risk Index
results received from the CB Watch 3 to present a Risk Index overview and rank position
within the asset ranking table.

Figure 3-52: Workflow Associations

3.9.4 Motor Properties

When a Motor is selected in the Asset Explorer, the data area to the right lists all the
worksheets (on the bottom) of which the Properties tab is first as shown in Figure 3-53.
Since Motors do not have data that can be automatically downloaded, the Motor
properties must be manually entered here. The motor properties page can be used to
capture specific information about the motor being monitored.

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 Figure 3-53: Motor properties

The Motor properties fields depend on whether the connection is to Perception Server or
a local KPD database file. For example, there is no Workflow Associations section for a
local KPD database file. The sections within the Properties worksheet are explained
below.
▪ Motor Name
The Motor Name is a free text field where you can change the default name and enter
more descriptive text as shown in Figure 3-54.

Figure 3-54: Motor name

▪ Motor Details
The Motor Details are entered in Figure 3-55 and allow the identity and corresponding
details to be stored in the database.

Figure 3-55: Motor Details

▪ Workflow Associations
A Motor supports the 869 Motor Ranking Workflow. A new algorithm has been created
under the Workflows dropdown list as shown in Figure 3-52. When selected, Perception
uses the Risk Index results received from the 869 Relay to present a Risk Index overview
and rank position within the asset ranking table.

Figure 3-56: Workflow Associations

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3.9.5 Device Properties
When a device is selected in the Asset Explorer (E.g. a Transfix 1.6), the data area to the
right lists all the worksheets (on the bottom) of which the Properties tab is first as
shown in Figure 3-57. The Properties worksheet is used to configure the device.
Note: If used in conjunction with Perception Server, ‘Supervisor’ status or higher is
required to change device properties.

Figure 3-57: Device Properties

The Properties worksheet contains several sections that are explained below:

3.9.5.1 Identity

The Identity section details the identity of the device. It contains two read-only fields as
shown in Figure 3-58:

Figure 3-58: Identity

▪ Device Type: The device type is defined by the type of asset added using the Asset
Explorer (see Section 3.2.1).
▪ Serial Number: The serial number is populated when the first download is performed
from the device.

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3.9.5.2 Communications

The Communications section allows the communication method to be defined and

configured as shown in Figure 3-59. Other configuration fields are available depending on
the device and your choice of Media as outlined below:
Note: When used in conjunction with Perception Server, you specify the
communications with the device here. Perception Server downloads the
monitoring data, but Perception Desktop is the controlling application used to
specify all the configuration parameters.

Figure 3-59: Communications

▪ Media: Defines what type of connection is used to connect with the device. Available
options are:
➢ Network
This adds three additional fields:
o Hostname (or IP address): The devices host name or IP address.
o MODBUS/TCP Port: The MODBUS/TCP port defines the port used for
communication with the host name or IP address (the default value is 502).
o Protocol: When adding a DGA 900-family device, MS 3000 or CB Watch 3 there is
the option to use either the HTTP (default port 80) or HTTPS (default port 443)
protocol. The selected protocol must match the protocol set on the device. For
DGA 900-family devices, it is possible to define a non-standard port, select the
checkbox Define network port and specify a port from 0 to 65535 as shown in
Figure 3-60.

Figure 3-60: Communications > Define network port

➢ Modem
This adds one additional field:
o Phone Number: The phone number of the modem in the device.
➢ Serial
This adds eight additional fields:
o Slave Address: The address of the device on a multi-drop network.
o Protocol: The MODBUS protocol to use to communicate with the device.
o COM Port: The local COM port to use when connecting to the device.
o Baud Rate: The maximum speed at which the device talks.
o Data bits: The number of data bits in each character being sent.
o Parity: Turn on error correction.

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 o Stop Bits: Use the hardware to detect stop bits (end of messages) and re-
synchronize the character stream.
o Flow Control: Allow the transmission of data to be paused / resumed.
If a Hydran M2 or Intellix MO150 device is selected, an additional Protocol field
appears on the Properties worksheet:
➢ Protocol: Selects the protocol method used to communicate with the device. Perception
Desktop supports the DNP3 protocol and three Modbus protocols (RTU, ASCII and TCP/IP).
If a Hydran 201Ti device is selected, an additional Protocol field appears on the
Properties worksheet:
➢ Protocol: Selects the protocol method used to communicate with the device. Perception
Desktop supports the Hydran Native Protocol and three Modbus protocols (RTU, ASCII and
TCP/IP). Note: To facilitate TCP/IP communication, the unit requires an RS-485 to Ethernet
conversion.
Note: For Hydran devices, the Media field displays after you select the Protocol. Serial
refers to a USB or RS-485 connection.
▪ Connection Timeout: Defines the time to wait before reporting a connection timeout.
Enter a value in seconds.
Note: A default value is created in this field when you select the Media type.
▪ Password: The password for the device.

3.9.5.3 Auto-Download

When used in conjunction with Perception Server, the Auto-Download section becomes
available in the device Properties as shown in Figure 3-61.
Note: A local database permits only manual downloads. See Section 5.1.
The Auto-Download section allows the connection and downloading from devices to be
automatically scheduled. The schedule settings are unique to the device allowing a
simultaneous download to be scheduled.

Figure 3-61: Auto-Download

▪ Enabled: Enables/disables the scheduling of downloads from the device.

▪ Based on device sample rate: Ensures that the auto-download takes place based on
the device sampling rate rather than the Perception schedule, meaning that data is
downloaded as soon as new measurements become available. This effectively means
the Perception schedule below is ignored. This option is useful if the online monitor
goes into alarm mode and starts to sample more regularly. Previously, Perception
would not have been aware that more regular samples were being taken, so would
only have downloaded data based on the Perception schedule.
Note: Users may notice that there is a time difference of one hour between the
download time and measurement schedule time. This difference is required as
it can take up to 1 hour for a measurement sample to complete fully.
▪ Schedule: Defines the download schedule in terms of specific days and times using
the “Unix Cron” notation. The essential Unix Cron field values supported in
Perception scheduling are the “*” character and the “0” value.

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 ➢ “0” means “at the top of” e.g. if used in the hour field, then “at the top of the hour”.
➢ “*” means “every” e.g. if used in the hour field, then “every hour”.
Table 3-1 shows some example Cron values used in Perception scheduling and the
corresponding meaning in terms of the expected download result.
Table 3-1: Examples illustrating scheduling using Cron values
Minutes Hours Week Days Download Result
30 08 * 08:30 every day
0 * Mon On the hour, every hour on Mondays
0 0 Wed At 0:00 every Wednesday
0 * * On the hour, every hour, every day of the week

▪ Next Scheduled Time: Time of the next scheduled download.

3.9.5.4 Auto-Export

When used in conjunction with Perception Server, the Auto-Export option becomes
available in the device Properties page as shown in Figure 3-62.

Figure 3-62: Auto-Export

You can enable the auto export to occur at scheduled intervals. The Perception Server
export table is empty by default, which results in the use of the default Perception export
format. To define a custom CSV format, you must define the export table with
appropriate mappings for the data using the Perception Server Configuration Tool. See
Section 5.1. The data is automatically exported to the following location:
C:\ProgramData\GE_Energy\Perception
Note: Use the shortcut “%programdata%”to access C:\ProgramData.

3.9.5.5 Email

When used in conjunction with Perception Server, e-mail notification options become
available in the device Properties page as shown in Figure 3-63.

Figure 3-63: Email

Note: This is device specific, so if you need to be on the distribution email list for
several devices, complete this field for all required devices.
▪ Notification E-Mail Address: defines the email address of the person who receives
condition alerts (or communication issues) for that device. To add more than one e-
mail address to the list, separate the addresses with “;“. If on subsequent data
downloads the condition of the device changes or Perception Server fails to
communicate with the device, an automatic email is generated and sent to the
recipients specified in this field.

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 ▪ Segregate Notification emails: allows the user to define the recipients of the emails
based on the notification type. Select the checkbox to specify the three types of
notification address as shown in Figure 3-64.

Figure 3-64: Email – Segregate Notification emails

➢ Alarm – notification that an alarm level breach has occurred on the online monitor.
➢ Service – notification that the online monitor requires service attention. When a service
alarm is triggered on a DGA 900-family, Transfix, TAPTRANS, MULTITRANS, MINITRANS, or
Hydran M2, M2-X & 201Ti device, the service log files are automatically downloaded from
the device and included as an attachment in the service notification email.
➢ Communication issue – notification that Perception was unable to communicate with the
online monitor.
▪ Expert E-mail Address: (if enabled in Perception Server) defines the email address
of the person who receives enhanced alarm notification emails. The e-mail is a
comprehensive account of a transformer’s details so that any expert within or outside
the organisation has all the necessary detail at hand. This includes transformer
nameplate details, triggered alarm information for High High, Low Low, Digital Alarms
and ROC alarms. It also includes ambient temperature, top oil temperature and load
currents information. A CSV attachment with data records for the device in alarm is
also included. Note: For the MO150 device, excessive measurement data could
exceed the allowable attachment size as defined on the mail server.

3.9.5.6 Device Connection

The Device Connection section displays the state of automated downloads to the user as
shown in Figure 3-65.

Figure 3-65: Device Connection

▪ State: Displays the current state of the connection to the device. E.g. Connecting,
Connected, Downloading, Disconnected.
▪ Progress: A progress bar shows the overall progress of a download, if one is in
progress.
▪ Response: Textual error message showing the last communications error that has
occurred. This may be from a previous communications session.
▪ Last download time: Updated with the last download time.
The Intellix BMT devices have an additional field in the Device Connection pane, called
Service Alarm:
▪ Service Alarm: Reports the nature of a service alarm that has been flagged by the
Intellix BMT devices. The possible alarms are listed below:
➢ High Comms cpu temperature status

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 ➢ High FPGA temperature status
➢ Field Devices Comms Error
➢ Rejected Phase Packet Status
➢ Rejected PD Packet Status
➢ Low Bushing Current Warning Status
➢ Power System Frequency Warning Status
➢ Inter cpu CANBUS device error status
➢ High Bushing Adapter Temperature Status
➢ Modbus comm. error status
➢ No Signal warning status
➢ Bushing R Failure Warning status
If the Intellix BMT devices have any of these alarms triggered, the Blue service icon will
show on the device icon in the Asset Explorer. See Section 3.1.2.1 for an example.

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3.9.6 Setting up the Device
Once the communications settings have been established, the device-specific setup can
be run. To set up the device, right click on the device in the Asset Explorer and select
Setup… as shown in Figure 3-66. This loads a setup utility specific to the device.

Figure 3-66: Setup

Note: If you are connecting to the device via Modem or Serial, then the Setup option
must be performed on an instance of Perception Desktop running on the
Perception Server. This is because it will be using the local Perception Desktop
resources to communicate with the device.

3.9.7 Workflows
The following workflows are available:
▪ DGA Standard: Evaluates dissolved gas analysis and moisture absolute
concentrations compared to IEEE C57.104 & IEC 60422 (2013) standards, as well as
dissolved gas Rate of Change compared to the IEC 60599 standard. Along with best
practice information taken from Cigré TB227.
▪ Simplified DGA: Uses alarm breach information sent from DGA 900-family, MS 3000,
Transfix, MULTITRANS, TAPTRANS, MINITRANS, Hydran M2 & Hydran 201Ti for
absolute dissolved gas concentrations and moisture.
▪ DGA Standard OLTC (Non-vacuum): Evaluates dissolved gas concentration and
dissolved gas rate of change for resistor type tap changer diverter, using gas ratio
information taken from EPRI (Electronic Power Research Institute).
▪ Simplified DGA OLTC: Uses alarm breach information sent from DGA 900-family, MS
3000, Transfix, MULTITRANS, TAPTRANS, MINITRANS, Hydran M2 & Hydran 201Ti for
absolute dissolved gas concentrations and moisture.
▪ Bushing Standard: Evaluates the alarm limits configured on bushing monitor devices
for Power Factor, Capacitance, PD Count, PD Index & PD Average Apparent Power and
compares it to the measured values for proximity to alarm breach as well as
breaches. Evaluates the alarm limits configured on the MS 3000 device for DeltaC,
tanDelta and Voltages and compares it to the measured values for proximity to alarm
breach as well as breaches

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 ▪ Offline DGA and Oil Quality: Evaluates oil dissolved gas analysis, quality and
properties data received from a lab compared to a variety of international standards.
Refer to Appendix F for more information on the Offline DGA & Oil Quality Workflow.
▪ CBWatch: When selected Perception uses the Risk Index results received from the CB
Watch 3 to present a Risk Index overview and rank position within the asset ranking
table.
▪ MS 3000 Risk Index: Support has been added for the download of the onboard Risk
Index results from MS 3000 monitoring devices. Perception now downloads and
visualises the Risk Index results along with the other data stored on the MS 3000. The
Risk Index results are calculated directly on the MS 3000 monitor running master
template 3.6.4.22p0_ 3.2.2.13p0_4.5p0 or later. Perception can be configured to use
and display only the Risk Indexes downloaded from the MS 3000, or only the Risk
Index calculated in Perception or a combination of both. When both Risk Index
options are configured Perception automatically selects and displays in the most
critical Risk Index result and information regardless of its origin.
▪ Transformer Models: A workflow algorithm has been created named Transformer
Models Ranking that analyses and provides a Risk Index for transformers using the
model’s data downloaded from the Kelman DGA 900 PLUS with models. The workflow
calculates a Risk Index using the following model’s data:
➢ Winding Hottest Hotspot
➢ Condensation Temperature
➢ Bubbling Temperature Margin
➢ Moisture in Insulation Barrier
➢ Cooling Efficiency
➢ Cooling Malfunction
➢ Continuous non-operation time of cooling banks
➢ Cooling Deficiency Banks
➢ Cooling Over Current Banks
➢ OLTC Short Term Average of OLTC Temperature Differential
➢ OLTC Long Term Average of OLTC Temperature Differential
➢ Tap Position OLTC Operations per Day
➢ Tap Position OLTC Operations per Hour
➢ OLTC Motor Torque Total Time percentage
➢ OLTC Motor Torque In-Rush Time percentage
➢ OLTC Motor Torque Torque Maximum 1 percentage
➢ OLTC Motor Torque Torque Maximum 2 percentage
➢ OLTC Motor Torque Torque Maximum 3 percentage
➢ OLTC Motor Torque Average Torque percentage
▪ 869 Motor Ranking: Evaluates the motor data provided by GE’s 869 protection relay
to determine the Risk Index and ranked position of the motors with regards to the
other motors being monitored. The evaluation uses the measured parameters and
alarm set points for the motors electrical, thermal and mechanical systems to
determine the Risk Index.
▪ 845 Transformer Ranking: A workflow algorithm has been created named 845 Risk
Ranking that analyses and provides a Risk Index for transformers using the model’s
data downloaded from an 845 Relay with the advanced monitoring option. The
workflow calculates a Risk Index using the following model’s data:

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 ➢ Winding 1/2/3 Loading
➢ Winding 1/2/3 Harmonic Derating Factor
➢ Winding Hottest Spot Temperature
➢ Transformer Aging Factor
➢ Loss of Transformer Life
▪ 850 Circuit Breaker Ranking: Evaluates the circuit breaker data provided by GE’s 850
protection relay to determine the Risk Index and ranked position of the circuit
breakers with regards to the other circuit breakers being monitored. The evaluation
uses the measured parameters and alarm set points for the circuit breaker trips
details, arching information and charge time to determine the Risk Index.
For more information on workflows, see the Perception Workflow Designer manual.

3.10 Adding a Wallboard

At an Area, Plant, Substation, Transformer Bank or Transformer level, you can add a
wallboard to give an instant overview of the status of all subordinate assets. Each client
PC with an instance of Perception Desktop that connects to Perception Server must
have its own wallboard configured. The image used for the wallboard background is user
defined and can be any BMP, JPEG, GIF or PNG file.
To add a wallboard, select an Area, Plant, Substation, Transformer Bank or Transformer
in the Asset Explorer and from the menu bar, select View > New > Wallboard as shown
in Figure 3-67. A new Wallboard tab then appears in the list of tabs.

Figure 3-67: Wallboard

Right-click in the wallboard area and choose Change map file to browse to the location
of a suitable image to use as a map file. The chosen image is displayed at minimum zoom
within the workspace on the right along with randomly placed subordinate assets for
you to position as required.
It is recommended that the resolution of the image file matches the display resolution of
the monitor that will display the wallboard. For example, if the monitor displaying the
wallboard has a resolution of 1920x1080, then the image file used should also have the
same resolution.
Note: A range of charts are also available for some assets. See Section 4.2.

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 Figure 3-68: An example wallboard

Perform any of the following actions to alter the map display:

▪ To drag the map in any direction, left click while the mouse pointer is within the map.
▪ To zoom in and out, use the scroll wheel while the mouse pointer is within the map.
▪ To drag the asset to a new location, left click while the mouse pointer is over the
asset location icon. Note: The mouse pointer changes to a hand.
▪ A useful way to distinguish assets is to change the icon used to depict the asset
location. Right click while resting the mouse pointer over the asset location icon and
choose from a circle or a square.
▪ For other display options as shown in Figure 3-69, right click on the map.

Figure 3-69: Display options

▪ Dialogs: Each asset has a titled information dialog that lists all attached monitoring
devices and corresponding statuses. This option allows you to show or hide all asset
dialogs. A single dialog box can also be manipulated independently as follows:
➢ To show or hide a dialog box, double click its asset location icon.

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 ➢ To change the size of a dialog box, rest the mouse pointer over the lower-right corner
symbol of the dialog box (the mouse pointer changes to a double-headed arrow) and then
left click-and-drag to resize.
➢ To move a dialog box, left click-and-drag the dialog box. Note: A dashed connecting line
indicates the relevant asset location icon.
➢ To change the dialog box title, right click and choose Edit title.
➢ To view the ranking details, right click and choose Ranking.
Note: The size and position of the dialog boxes are retained.
▪ Change map file… allows you to browse for a new map file.
▪ Legend: toggles the display of the legend for the asset status.
▪ Show time: toggles the display of the current time and date.
▪ Full screen: shows the wallboard in full screen mode. To revert to normal display,
press Escape or right click and select Exit full screen.
A fully configured Wallboard in full screen mode is shown in Figure 3-70.

Figure 3-70: Fully configured wallboard

Other examples of wallboard images are shown from Figure 3-71 to Figure 3-75. If the
condition of any of the monitoring devices changes to reflect an alarm, service or bad
sample condition, this will be denoted by a change in color of the respective device node.
This change will also be reflected in the asset hierarchy and on the wallboard asset node
(where an animation causes the node to pulse as shown in Figure 3-71 — if configured in
Perception Server). Note: By default, all animations are disabled.
Note: In conjunction with Perception Server, the wallboard dynamically changes to
reflect condition updates if the monitoring devices are configured with
automatic download schedules.

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 Figure 3-71: Wallboard with pulsing node

The wallboard asset node will match the status of the device with the worst result. This
helps alert the user to a problem in that area, plant, substation, transformer bank or
transformer at the earliest opportunity. Right-click any pulsing device in the asset
summary box to acknowledge the alarm (at the device level only) as shown in Figure
3-72 — this turns off the pulsing animation.

Figure 3-72: Acknowledge an alarm

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 Any movement in the asset risk index for transformer or circuit breakers nodes is
denoted by a corresponding colour-coded directional arrow (up or down accordingly)
next to the asset label as shown in Figure 3-73, which also has a ripple animation.

Figure 3-73: Asset node showing increased movement up the asset risk index

To acknowledge an asset’s change in position in the asset risk index, right click the asset
and select Acknowledge Risk Index as shown in Figure 3-74 to turn off the ripple
animation.

Figure 3-74: Acknowledge Risk Index

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 The shortcut menu in Figure 3-74 also offers customization options to display an
individual node as a circle or a square to provide a further visual differentiation of assets,
if required, as shown in Figure 3-75. The default node for all assets is a circle.
Asset labels on the wallboard or asset summary box are also active hyperlinks as shown
in Figure 3-75. Click the asset label to see where the asset sits in the Asset Hierarchy, for
example as shown in Figure 3-76, and if required, examine its properties etc.

Figure 3-75: Customizing asset nodes Figure 3-76: Asset Hierarchy

3.11 Ranking Assets

The Ranking page in the Asset Explorer as shown in Figure 3-77 automatically ranks
assets according to an algorithm in the Perception workflow to give an overall health
index. Assets are colour-banded accordingly with the least healthy transformers listed at
the top in red and the healthiest in green at the bottom. Unranked transformers appear
at the bottom of the list without a colour band. A transformer is unranked if it is not
associated with the relevant Perception workflow, has no measurement devices
connected to it or there is no measurement data e.g. a new install with the first
measurement cycle yet to occur.
Table 3-2: Colour designation
Colour Meaning
White Without evaluation (Asset not evaluated or ranked for any reason)
Dark green Good condition
Light green Minor defects not affecting reliability
Yellow Defects that may affect future reliability
Amber Serious defects that may have serious consequences
Red Dangerous defects that may cause faults
Ranking movement at each periodic refresh is denoted by colour-coded arrows. A red
up-pointing arrow denotes that the transformer has moved up in ranking order, a green
down-pointing arrow denotes that it has moved down in ranking order and a blue
double-headed horizontal arrow denotes no change in ranking order.
Note: Rest your mouse on any transformer to reveal its actual health index.

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 Figure 3-77: Ranking

To review the Risk and Ranking history for an individual transformer, select the
transformer followed by the Dashboard tab. Then select the Ranking Graph tab as
shown in Figure 3-78. Rest your mouse pointer on any data point for more information.

Figure 3-78: Risk and ranking history

Note: Data points may refer to ‘EPRI’ (Electrical Power Research Institute).

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4 ANALYSING DATA
4.1 Data Area Worksheet Tabs
The Data Area contains several worksheets that are used to visualise the data and
diagnose faults. The worksheets are accessed via a series of tabs at the bottom of the
screen. The available worksheets depend on the type of item selected in the Asset
Explorer. For example, Figure 4-1 lists the worksheets for a Transformer.

Figure 4-1: Transformer worksheet tabs

All available worksheets and a link for further details are listed below:
Properties: See Section 3.8.1.
Wallboard: See Section 3.10.
Dashboard: See Section 3.5.1.
Trend Chart: Line charts are used to display the raw data for user-selected
measurements. Multiple trend charts can be created, each displaying different sets of
gases or peripherals. See Section 0.
Data Table: Lists the individual samples for each parameter. You can select the data
range and the parameters to suit. See Section 4.5.
Status: Lists the latest downloaded values of the measured parameters and their status
against the alarm thresholds. See Section 4.6. Note: The alarm thresholds can be set by
launching the device setup in Perception Desktop.
Rate of Change: Displays multiple line charts depicting the rate of change for each gas
based on raw data for user-selected measurements on DGA 900-family, Transfix-family
and MINITRANS devices. Multiple trend charts can be created, each displaying different
sets of gases or peripherals. See Section 4.7.
TDCG: The Total Dissolved Combustible Gases (TDCG) chart displays a stacked chart
containing the temporal values of each gas and the cumulative values for all gases. See
Section 4.9.
Key Gas: IEEE C57-104 offers diagnosis through calculating the relative proportions (in
percent) of these key gases to the rest of the gases in the transformer. See Section 4.10.
Gas Ratios: Displays the proportions of key gases on a three-dimensional cube lattice or
table, using ratios defined by IEC 60599, IEEE C57.104, Rogers Ratio and Doernenburg
Ratios. See Section 4.12.
Ratios: Trends any gas ratios that have been set up for Transfix devices. You can also
add your own custom gas ratio. See Section 4.13.
ETRA: Japanese ETRA Analysis is an alternative visualisation and diagnostic tool.
Diagrams A & B are available. See Section 4.14.
Duval’s: Describes how the concentrations of dissolved gases or free gases may be
interpreted to diagnose the condition of oil-filled electrical equipment in service and
suggests future action. There is the choice of six different formats of Duval’s diagnostics:

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 four triangles — Classic, LTC (oil filled) and Duval’s 4 & 5 low temperature, —and two
pentagons. See Section 4.15.
Models: Provides diagnostics using state of the art mathematical transformer models
based on IEEE or IEC standards. Calculated using monitored transformer characteristics
taken by the Intellix MO150 and Hydran M2. See Section 4.16.
Bushing Monitor: Intellix BMT & DGA 900 PLUS devices only. Shows two polar plots with
a choice of plot styles, C1 or PF% data, and Primary, Secondary or Teriary input. See
Section 4.17.
Partial Discharge: Intellix BMT & DGA 900 PLUS devices only. Shows three polar plots —
PD Count, PD Average Apparent Charge and PD Index. See Section 4.18.
PRPD: Intellix BMT 330 & DGA 900 PLUS devices only. Shows the measured Phase
Resolve Partial Discharge data. See Section 4.19.
Inter-Phase Angle: Intellix BMT & DGA 900 PLUS devices only. Shows a polar plot with
the measured and expected inter-phase angles. See Section 4.20.
Web Browser: MS 3000 and DGA 900-family devices only. Shows web content as
rendered on the remote HMI of the device. See Section 4.21.

4.1.1 Worksheet Options

Right click any worksheet tab to see the available options as shown in Figure 4-2.

Figure 4-2: Worksheet options

4.1.1.1 Rename a Worksheet

To rename a worksheet, right click on the tab and select Rename.

4.1.1.2 Save or Apply Templates

Users can save worksheet settings as a template. The template contains the
customizable features of a worksheet. For example, the selected measurement points,
appearance settings, date range, selected charts etc. These settings are all stored in the
template XML file and can be applied to another worksheet or the same worksheet in
another instance of Perception.
Right click on the relevant worksheet tab and select the relevant option.

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4.2 Default Asset Charts
When a new asset is added and selected in the Asset Explorer, a default set of charts is enabled as listed in Table 4-1. Additional charts can be
added by the user (see Section 4.4.1).
Table 4-1: Charts per asset

Inter-Phase Angle
Partial Discharge
Bushing Monitor

Rate of Change

Breaker Trend
Web browser

Breaker Data
COMTRADE

ESA Models

LDR Trends
Data Table

ESA Circle
Gas Ratio

LDR Data
ESA Data
Key Gas

Models
Trends

Duvals
Status

Ratios
TDCG

PRPD
ETRA
Transformer ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫
Transformer Bank ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫
Circuit Breaker ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫
Motor ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

4.3 Default Device Charts

When a new device is added and selected in the Asset Explorer, a default set of charts is enabled as listed in Table 4-2. Additional charts can
be added by the user (see Section 4.4.1).

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 Table 4-2: Charts per device

Trends

Status

Data Table

TDCG

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Key Gas

Gas Ratio

Ratios

Duvals

ETRA

24-May-23
Models

Bushing Monitor

Partial Discharge

PRPD

Inter-Phase Angle

Web browser

Rate of Change

COMTRADE

Breaker Trend

ESA Data

ESA Circle

Breaker Data

LDR Data

ESA Models

LDR Trends
Page 84 of 214
 MS 3000 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

DGA 500 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

Transfix 1.6 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

Transfix 1.5 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

TAPTRANS ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

DUALTRANS ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

MULTITRANS ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

Transfix PLUS ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

MINITRANS ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

Hydran M2 / M2-X ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

Hydran 201Ti ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

MO150 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

BMT 300 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

BMT 330 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

DGA 900 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

DGA 900 TAPTRANS 1 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

DGA 900 MULTITRANS ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

1

DGA 900 PLUS 1 ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

CB Watch ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

845 Relay ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

850 Relay ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

869 Relay ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫ ⚫

1
⚫ Denotes: Available, but requires bushing monitoring option / configuration

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4.4 Trend Chart
The trend chart is typical of all the diagnostic charts as shown in Figure 4-3. It can be
configured to show groups of gases or other measurable parameters with multiple
versions of the chart being open concurrently.



 


Figure 4-3: Dissolved gas trend analysis

Key to the Chart areas:

X axis date(s): Select the date range for the X axis of the chart. Whenever you place
your cursor within the grey plotting area, a vertical date line follows the cursor with
the precise date and time reported in the yellow box.
Legend: The value next to each item is the value of the item at the yellow box date
and time () time on the X axis. If the cursor is not within the plot area, the values
are as at the right-hand extreme end of the plot lines. To change the plotted colour
of an item, a double click on the legend colour launches a format dialog as shown in
Figure 4-4.

Figure 4-4: Format Plot

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 Y axis: The Y axis values for the selected item from the legend. Although all the
parameters are plotted, they have, by default, individual scales. Other scaling
methods are selectable. See Section 4.4.4.
Slider: The slider allows you to control the degree of ‘smoothing’ that is applied to
the trend lines; the leftmost position (shown) has least smoothing and sliding it
leftwards progressively applies more smoothing. This can be useful in removing
spikes and revealing the overall trend of the parameters.
If you right click when your cursor is within the plot area, an options menu is displayed,
as shown in Figure 4-5.

Figure 4-5: Chart options

▪ Chart: Changes the method of scaling the Y axis. See Section4.4.4.

▪ Auto scale: Returns the Y axis scaling to default.
▪ Appearance: Alters the appearance of details within the trend chart.
▪ Reset Zoom: Returns the trend plot to display all points between the start and finish
dates.
▪ View: Alters whether the legend is displayed or not.
▪ Annotations: Allow you to place notes on the trend chart. See Section 4.4.5
▪ Print: Prints the trend graph to your printer.
▪ Print Preview: Allows you to configure the print output and see the effects before
printing.
▪ Copy: Copies the trend chart to the Windows Clipboard, so that it can be pasted into
another application, for instance a document.
▪ Save: Creates a ‘png’ image of the trend chart that can be saved as a picture.
▪ Add/Remove Measurement Points: Allows you to select/deselect which parameters
are plotted on the trend graph. See Section 4.4.2.
You can zoom into part of a plot as shown in Figure 4-6. To do so, place the cursor in the
grey plotting area at the top left X-Y position of the desired zoom area and then left-

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 click-and-drag your mouse to the bottom right of the desired zoom area (as illustrated
by the red arrow). When you release the mouse button, the plot range will be ‘zoomed’.
The zoom can be reversed by left clicking and dragging back in the opposite direction to
the red arrow. It can also be reset by right clicking and selecting Reset Zoom.

Figure 4-6: Zoom plot

By default, the Appearance > Connect gaps option is enabled. This plots the trend line
between two good measurements and omits any bad quality data with zero-value
measurements effectively smoothing out the trend line. If disabled, Perception will plot
all data points and any invalid zero-value measurements will appear as gaps in the chart.

4.4.1 Create a new Trend Chart

To create a new trend chart, select View > New and choose the type of chart, for
example Trend Chart as shown in Figure 4-7.

Figure 4-7: Create a new Trend Chart

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 This action opens a new blank trend chart that can be configured to display groups of
measurements.

4.4.2 Add Measurements to the Chart

To add measurements to a trend chart, right click anywhere on the trend chart and
select Add/Remove Measurement Points. Select the measurements to be trended in
the chart as shown in Figure 4-8.

Figure 4-8: Add measurements to the trend chart

The measurement parameters offered are device specific: a Transfix will offer gas
measurements, whereas an Intellix BMT device will offer discharge and phase
measurements. The Total Dissolved Combustible Gases (TDCG) from the TDCG
worksheet is also available as a parameter for trending.

4.4.3 Remove Measurements from the Chart

To remove measurements from a trend chart, right click anywhere on the trend chart
and select Add/Remove Measurement Points. Uncheck the measurements not to be
trended in the chart as shown in Figure 4-9.

Figure 4-9: Remove measurements from the trend chart

4.4.4 Change Y Scale method

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 A number of Y scale methods are available for the trend chart. Right click anywhere
within the trend chart and select Chart as shown in Figure 4-10.

Figure 4-10: Change Y Scale method

The available options are as follows:

▪ Common: All parameters are on a common Y scale. Small concentrations will be
squeezed together at the bottom of the chart.
▪ Individual: The default method. Each parameter is plotted with its own vertical scale,
which gives some vertical separation to the trend lines. The parameter selected from
the legend then has its Y scale indicated on the Y axis.
▪ Log: All items plotted together, but the Y axis is logarithmic. This separates out the
parameters at the lower end of the chart, but will have the effect of squashing the
high value parameters.
▪ Conditional: Only parameters that have alarmed during the selected time period are
plotted on the graph.

4.4.5 Add Annotations

To add annotations to a trend chart, position the pointer on the X axis (time) where you
wish to place the annotation, then right click and select Annotations > New... as shown
in Figure 4-11.

Figure 4-11: Add annotations

Enter the desired text in the text box that appears on the X axis and click outside the
text box when finished to commit the text as shown in Figure 4-12.

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 Note: A time repeater at the top of the graph may assist in accurate placement of the
annotation.

Figure 4-12: Example annotation

Other available options as shown in Figure 4-11 are:

▪ Show All: Reveal all annotations (if hidden).
▪ Hide All: Hide all annotations allows you to see the chart without any annotations
obscuring the data.
To edit or delete an annotation, right click the annotation and choose Edit or Delete.
Note: When used in conjunction with Perception Server, annotations appear on the
trend chart of the device for all connected Perception Desktop clients.

4.5 Data Table

The Data Table Tab lists all received data, which can be filtered for the selected dates.
You can add and remove measurement parameters by right clicking within the display
area as shown in Figure 4-13.

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 Figure 4-13: Data Table with colour-coding – add / remove measurement points

The selected parameters are colour-coded as follows:

White Normal (data is within all limits).
Amber Caution (i.e. data has exceeded a high or low threshold).
Red Alarming (i.e. data has exceeded a high-high or low-low threshold).
Pink Uncertainty in the measurement accuracy.
Blue Erroneous data.
Teal First measurement after a reboot
Rest the mouse pointer on any measurement value to see the corresponding Data Table
tooltip, an example of which is shown in Figure 4-14. The tool tip lists the PGA diagnostic
error codes and offers a description below. Note: See Appendix D for an explanation of
the PGA diagnostic details.

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 Figure 4-14: Data Table tooltip

4.6 Status
The Status worksheet shows the latest downloaded parameter values and is the
suggested view to start with when investigating an alarm occurrence. The alarming
parameters are highlighted with the latest downloaded data date. An example is shown
in Figure 4-15.

Figure 4-15: Status worksheet

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 The ‘High-High’ and ‘Low-Low’ alarms are highlighted in red, the ‘High’ and ‘Low’ alarms
in amber. The ROC column indicates whether a Rate of Change alarm has been set for
that item. If the ROC alarm is activated, the Status column will show ‘ROC’.
Ratio alarm measurement points are also displayed if they are configured on the device.
Right click anywhere in the status area to see further options to print or customise the
display of columns as shown in Figure 4-16.

Figure 4-16: Status area columns

4.6.1 Event Point Type

A new point type called ‘Event’ registers the occurrence of an event. No measurement
value is stored with this point type, only the existence of the event and when it last
occurred. For example, Figure 4-17 shows an MS 3000 Status worksheet with a last OLTC
operation event listed as ‘Event triggered’ as the current value and a corresponding
date/time stamp.

Figure 4-17: Status > Event Point type

Note: Available for MS 3000 and 869 Relay assets.

Note: The event is listed as ‘Event triggered’ in the tabulated Status and Data Table
worksheets, but in the Trend Chart it is rendered as a vertical line.

4.6.2 Rename a Measurement Point

Right click on a display name to edit or reset the names as shown in Figure 4-18.

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 Figure 4-18: Display names

A measurement point display name can also be changed. Right click in the Measurement
Point field, select Edit Display Name (or double click the Measurement Point field) and
edit the text inline as shown in Figure 4-19. The renamed measurement point will be
used for all occurrences of the measurement point throughout the application.

Figure 4-19: Rename a measurement point

Note: You can also reset a single display name or all display names back to the
original in the same manner.

4.7 Rate of Change

The Rate of Change worksheet visually represents the rate of change for different sets
of gases or peripherals on a trend chart. The ROC trend chart can be rendered for any
Transfix-family device including MINITRANS, and is based on the parameters
configured on the device or as user-defined in Perception.
Note: The ROC chart is manipulated in a similar way to other trend charts described
in Section 0, but does not display alarm limits.

Figure 4-20: Rate of Change chart

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4.7.1 Rate of Change Parameters
The ROC chart is derived from either the ‘Caution’, ‘Alarm’ or ‘Custom’ option using two
parameters, ‘Time Window’ and ‘Minimum Samples’. Selecting either ‘Caution’ or ‘Alarm’
means the parameters are downloaded from the respective Caution or Alarm limits on
the relevant device as configured in TransConnect (see Figure 4-24). The ‘Custom’ option
allows the user to manually define the values for the ROC parameters as shown in Figure
4-21. Note: Both fields accept any value from 1 to 32767.

Figure 4-21: Custom: Rate Of Change Parameters

The parameters are also shown in the gas legend tooltip on the chart as shown in Figure
4-22.

Figure 4-22: ROC tooltip showing parameters

The Custom option is useful for devices with multiple oil sources to ensure that the ROC
parameters are consistent across all oil sources thereby allowing data to be reliably
aggregated for plotting.
A blank chart occurs where the supplied values are insufficient for any data to be
plotted, the ‘Time Window’ is less than the set measurement period on the device, or if
the number of measurements is less than the ‘Minimum Samples’ value within the ‘Time
Window’ period. If the device is not configured with Caution or Alarm limits, or ROC
parameters are not specified, then the chart on the ROC worksheet will be blank since
there is nothing to plot.
Note: A chart is not displayed for a gas or peripheral (including devices imported from
a CSV file) without ROC parameters set for ‘Caution’ and ‘Alarm’ cases. Instead,
a popup message states ‘ROC Parameters are not available’.

4.8 Rate of Change Alarm

The Rate of Change (ROC) alarm is designed to alert the user of a gradual change in the
gas levels of the transformer over a set period. The user will receive notification in the
Status worksheet.
When used in conjunction with Perception Server, with e-mail notification configured
(see Section 3.9.5.5), an alarm notification email similar to that shown in Figure 4-23 will
be sent to the designated recipients.

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 Figure 4-23: Example Rate of Change e-mail alert

To set up the ROC limits, launch the device setup option from the Asset Explorer. In the
Alarms worksheet, you can set the maximum Rate of Change in ppm/hours for Caution
and Alarm, as shown in the example in Figure 4-24.

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 Figure 4-24: ROC settings in TransConnect

The ‘ROC Time Window’ and ‘ROC Minimum Samples’ must be defined for the alerts to
operate. These values are important as they are used in the ROC calculation. The ‘ROC
Time Window’ can be set between 1 and 96 hours. Over time, the initial measurements
are discarded as they fall outside the boundaries of the measurement window and are
replaced with more recent results.
To avoid spurious values or dropped measurements (recorded as a zero) from raising an
alert, an ‘ROC Minimum Samples’ parameter is set. When this parameter is met, the unit
will calculate the ROC result and, if applicable, generate an alert. This allows the user to
control whether an isolated measurement should raise an alert or whether a more
persistent change is required to raise an alert.

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4.9 Total Dissolved Combustible Gases (TDCG) Chart
The Total Dissolved Combustible Gases (TDCG) Chart as shown in Figure 4-25 is a pre-
set chart with similar controls to the Trend chart for dissolved gases as discussed in
Section 0.

Figure 4-25: TDCG Chart

The key differences are:

▪ The selection of gases is fixed, so cannot be changed by the user
▪ The values are stacked upon each other, so it is possible to judge the relative
proportions of each gas.
▪ A Compartment option exists to change the phase/compartment of the device being
displayed (right click anywhere in the chart to see the option).
Note: Once you have settled on your selection of parameters, it is advisable to
rename the chart to indicate which compartment/phase is being displayed.
You can modify the plot dates to identify spikes or adverse trends in the total gas
concentrations, for example, as shown in Figure 4-26.
Note: The new plot dates are carried over to the other views so that they are all
displaying the same peaks.

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 Figure 4-26: TDCG Chart

4.10 Key Gas

The Key Gas worksheet compares the concentrations of key gases against thresholds for
four deterioration conditions:
▪ Arcing from load current
▪ Corona, Partial discharge
▪ Overheated oil
▪ Overheated paper
The set of readings for each condition are rendered graphically (one chart for each
condition) using the specified plot dates as shown in the example of Figure 4-27. The
date of the readings is also shown in the centre of the four graphs (denoted by the blue
rectangle).
Note: The first chart (top left) is replicated below for visibility and description.

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 Figure 4-27: Key Gas charts

The bar graphs indicate the percentage of each gas as a proportion of the total of the six
gases being presented. For each gas, the coloured bar (blue in this example) indicates
the actual percentage and the ‘buff’ bar indicates the threshold percentage used in the
fault condition indication. The numeric values for the percentages are located across the
top of the chart, as denoted by the red rectangle, for example, for C2H2.
The percentage figure in the centre of each graph (denoted by the green rectangle)
represents the percentage of confidence that it is the most likely fault condition of the
four. This is influenced by the number and extent of the parameters exceeding their
thresholds.

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4.11 Overvoltages
The Overvoltages worksheet is unique to MS 3000 device and plots the characteristics of
an overvoltage in Kilovolts over time with the user able to select any date range as
shown in Figure 4-28. Any voltage in excess of the normal operating voltage is important
to monitor as any surge can disturb electrical equipment.

Figure 4-28: Overvoltages worksheet

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4.12 Gas Ratios
The Gas Ratios worksheet displays the concentrations of gases in a three-axis cube
graph as shown in Figure 4-29. The position of the plot points is indicative of certain fault
conditions.

Figure 4-29: Gas Ratios worksheet

The method of plotting the gas ratios can be selected in the Ratios dropdown,
highlighted by the blue rectangle (top right). The choices are as follows:
▪ IEC 60599
▪ IEEE C57.104
▪ Ratios Table
The Gas Ratios worksheet automatically uses the last plot point in the timeline with the
selected values listed in the Selected Point drop down. The trend range that is plotted
from the main date range is shown in the time line bar (denoted by the red rectangle).
The plot points (denoted by the green rectangle) are similarly coloured from cyan to dark
blue along the time line.
Note: The span of the timeline plotted is the latest available reading within the main
date range and the last 50 readings prior to that.
To rotate the cube, hold the left mouse button on one side of the cube and then drag the
mouse.
If you select another plot point on the timeline then black dotted lines project its
position onto the cube surfaces and the Selected Point drop down is updated. The
Selected Point information on the legend is also updated. A diagnosis for the Selected
Point is displayed (as highlighted) in the Selected Point drop down.
The IEEE C57.104 version of the Gas Ratios is shown in Figure 4-30.

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 Figure 4-30: IEEE C57.104 version of Gas Ratios

In addition, the ‘Ratios Table’ option, an example of which is shown in Figure 4-31,
indicates the IEC 57.104 Transformer Condition, Rogers Ratio and Doernenburg Ratio,
with their resultant diagnoses for the selected point.

Figure 4-31 Ratios Table display for Gas Ratios

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4.13 Ratios
The Ratios worksheet displays any gas ratio on a trend chart (for lab data, a Transfix or
DGA 900-family device) and the corresponding alarm limits set on the device as shown
in Figure 4-32. The fractional formula line showing how the ratio is calculated is shown
below the chart.

Figure 4-32: Ratios Trend Graph

When displaying a preset ratio retrieved from the device, the fractional formula ratio line
is greyed out, as these values are defined on the device and can only be edited via the
device setup option.
To create your own custom ratio, use the Ratios drop down to select Custom Ratio.
Select the gases for the numerator and denominator on the fractional formula ratio line.
When this is plotted, there are no appropriate alarm limits to plot, so only the ratio trend
line is plotted, as shown in Figure 4-33.

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 Figure 4-33: Custom ratio trend plot

4.14 ETRA..
The ETRA worksheet displays gas ratios according to the Japanese ETRA standards. The
ETRA diagrams dropdown offers two choices:
▪ Diagram A: classifies overheating and discharges.
▪ Diagram B: categorises the discharges.
The page layout follows the same display and control conventions as the Gas Ratios and
Duval’s worksheets, namely that the:
▪ type of diagram is selected from the ETRA diagrams dropdown.
▪ plot points and time line have the earliest plot point represented by a cyan colour
ranging to deep blue for the most recent plot point.
▪ selected plot point has dotted lines to the axes to enable the ratio values to be read
off.
▪ Selected Point dropdown has the plot point source data values and the diagnosis.
Figure 4-34 shows ETRA Diagram A for classification of overheating and discharges. The
diagnosis in this example is D – Discharges.

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 Figure 4-34: ETRA Diagram A

Figure 4-35 shows ETRA Diagram B details of discharges. The diagnosis in this example is
PD – Partial Discharges (Low Energy).

Figure 4-35: ETRA Diagram B

4.15 Duval’s
Duval’s diagnostics is an alternative method of mapping the gas concentrations to
possible fault conditions. The Duval’s worksheet as shown in Figure 4-36 is laid out

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 similarly to the Gas Ratios worksheet described previously. The Duval’s Diagnostics
dropdown offers six available charts:
▪ Classic
▪ LTC – the ‘Type 2’ for Load Tap Changer (mineral oil filled)
▪ Type 4 – Low temperature faults, using different gases from the ‘Classic’
▪ Type 5 – Low temperature faults, using the same gases as the ‘Classic’
▪ Pentagon 1 – six electrical faults, PD, D1, D2, T3, T2, T1 and stray gassing of mineral oil
S
▪ Pentagon 2 –three electrical faults PD, D1, D2 and four thermal faults T3-H, C, O, and
S
Note: The ‘Low temperature faults’ Duval’s triangles should only be applied to faults
identified by the Classic Duval triangle as possible faults PD, T1 or T2, and
should be viewed only as a complement of information for the Classic Duval
triangle.
Figure 4-36 shows a Classic Duval’s Triangle. A data point can be selected either from the
plot on the Duval’s Triangle or by sliding along the time line at the bottom of the display.
Both the time line and the plot points are coloured with the earliest plot point
represented by a cyan colour ranging to deep blue for the most recent plot point. The
Selected Point dropdown reveals the plot data and the diagnosis for the selected point,
in this example, an electrical and thermal fault. The other versions of the Duval’s Triangle
for the same data point are shown below.

Figure 4-36: Duval's Triangle – Classic

Figure 4-37 shows an LTC example with a T2 diagnosis – severe thermal fault
(300<T<700 °C, coking).

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 Figure 4-37: Duval's Triangle – LTC example

Figure 4-38 is a Type 4 example – Low Temperature Faults using Hydrogen, Methane and
Ethane. Diagnosis S – Stray gassing of mineral oil.

Figure 4-38: Duval's Triangle – Type 4 example

Figure 4-39 is a Type 5 example – Low Temperature Faults using Methane, Ethylene and
Ethane. The diagnosis is C – hot spots with Carbonization of paper (T>300 °C).

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 Figure 4-39: Duval's Triangle – Type 5 example

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 Duval’s diagnostics also offers two pentagon representations for 5-gas ratios.
Figure 4-40 is a Pentagon 1 example using hydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, methane and
ethane. The diagnosis is S – Stray gassing S of mineral oil at 120 and 200 °C in the
laboratory.

Figure 4-40: Duval’s Pentagon 1 for 5 gases

Figure 4-41 is a Pentagon 2 example using hydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, methane and
ethane. The diagnosis is S – Stray gassing S of mineral oil at 120 and 200 °C in the
laboratory.

Figure 4-41: Duval’s Pentagon 2 for 5 gases

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4.16 Models
The Models worksheet is for Intellix MO150, Hydran M2 / M2-X and DGA 900 PLUS
devices only. These devices measure an array of parameters (such as current, voltage,
temperature and moisture etc) that Perception Desktop utilises in algorithms for
graphical models to infer other transformer conditions.
The available models are:
▪ Dynamic Loading: This model provides the operator with a continuous estimation of
the capacity of the transformer to continue safe operation under temporary
overloading conditions. See Appendix E.2.1 for a brief description of the model.
▪ Insulation Ageing: This model monitors the key parameters that lead to the
breakdown of the insulation paper in the transformer windings. See Appendix E.2.2
for a brief description of the model.
▪ Moisture and Bubbling: This model monitors the water content in the oil and the
current oil temperature compared to the temperature at which bubbles would form
in the oil (dependent upon the atmospheric pressure). See Appendix E.2.3 for a brief
description of the model.
▪ Apparent Power in MVA: This model continuously monitors the load carried by the
transformer. See Appendix E.2.4 for a brief description of the model.
▪ Winding Hot-Spot Temperature (WHST): This model uses several parameters to
estimate the temperature of the hottest spot in the winding, as opposed to the
general winding temperature. See Appendix E.2.5 for a brief description of the model.
▪ Cooling Status: This model allows identification of the cooling stage currently in
service. This information is also essential to other cooling models, such as Cooling
Efficiency and Cooling Control. See Appendix E.2.6 for a brief description of the model.
▪ Cooling Efficiency: This model computes the top oil temperature that should be
expected considering the load current, the ambient temperature, the cooling mode,
the oil time constant and the altitude. See Appendix E.2.7 for a brief description of the
model.
▪ On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) Tap Position: This model provides additional
information for monitoring the tap changer driving mechanisms. See Appendix E.2.8
for a brief description of the model.
▪ OLTC Differential Temperature: This model continuously compares the top oil
temperature in the main tank with the tap changer compartment. See Appendix E.2.9
for a brief description of the model.
In addition, there are device-specific sensor reading history graphs:
Hydran M2 Only
▪ Temperature: Displays the history of various key transformer temperatures: (see
Appendix E.2.10 for a brief description of the model.)
➢ RH sensor temperature.
➢ Heater power (in % of full power).
➢ Top oil temperature.
➢ RH sensor hourly average temperature.
➢ Hydran sensor temperature.
➢ Base plate temperature.

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 ▪ Hydran Readings: Displays the history of various key Hydran readings: (see Appendix
E.2.11 for a brief description of the model.)
➢ Hydran reading in ppm.
➢ Hydran reading hourly trend, in ± ppm.
➢ Hydran reading daily trend, in ± ppm.
➢ Hydran sensor temperature.
Intellix MO150 Only
▪ Transformer Status: This model provides a display of the main sensors feeding the
Intellix MO150. It can accommodate up to six analog and/or digital signals and/or
model outputs. (see Appendix E.2.12 for a brief description of the model).
➢ Temperature sensors
➢ Current transformers (CT) for load current
➢ Hydran® intelligent transmitter
➢ Aquaoil® 400 relative-humidity-in-oil analyser
➢ Electric or acoustic partial discharge (PD) detectors
➢ Geomagnetically-induced current detectors.
▪ Cooling Control: This model provides additional cooling control features to improve
the performance of the cooling system. (see Appendix E.2.13 for a brief description of
the model).
Figure 4-42 shows a typical format for the Models worksheet for a Hydran device: a
trending graph with gauges to indicate the spot values. The individual models are
selected using the tabbed list at the top of the screen. In this example, the display is for
Hydran Readings.

Figure 4-42: Models > Hydran Readings

4.16.1 Display Controls

The Models Trend Graph can be manipulated as follows:
▪ All the available parameters for a model are plotted on the trend graph, unless they
are positively de-selected.

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 ▪ To de-clutter the trend graph, individual parameters can be de-selected from the plot
by clicking the relevant square in the colour-coded legend (it toggles to the large size
to indicate deselection). For example, the upper graph in Figure 4-43 shows all
parameters plotted, whereas the lower graph shows the purple plot de-selected.

Figure 4-43: Example of deselecting a parameter

Note: Rest the mouse over a square in the colour-coded legend to see a description of
the parameter.
▪ The respective parameter colour also underlines each gauge. The gauges indicate the
most recent reading in the selected date range. If the cursor is within the graph area,
then the gauges represent the value at the cursor position.
▪ The gauges show an analogue reading on a dial with an appropriate scale. The value is
also shown in digital form at the 6 o’clock position. If there is no digital number, then
there are no values (as opposed to the value zero).
▪ Some gauges may have green, yellow and red borders on their circumference as
shown in Figure 4-44. This indicates that normal, low and high operating ranges are
set on the Hydran M2 / Intellix MO150 device.

Figure 4-44: Gauge Representation – examples

▪ Some models have a user-selected averaging period (at the source device). If that is
the case, the Text parameters between the Gauges and the Graph Plot show the
settings for the averaging period.

4.17 Bushing Monitor

This feature is available on all Intellix BMT devices and as an option on DGA 900 PLUS
and DGA 900 MULTITRANS. The Bushing Monitor and Partial Discharge (PD) worksheets
use polar plots to better identify and quantify which bushing (C1 and PF%) or phase (PD)
is being affected with respect to the others. External factors such as temperature affect

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 all three bushings (and thus all three phases) equally. When data is plotted on the polar
plots, variations due to common effects are negated and have no effect on the output
that is displayed on the polar plots. Each plot point represents the sum of all three
phases. The radius of the plot gives its magnitude (e.g. % change) and the angle on the
polar plot gives a visual indication of which bushing(s) are affected.
The Bushing Monitor worksheet presents two polar plots by default displaying the
following parameters as shown in Figure 4-45.
▪ The relative change of Capacitance (C1) for a set of three bushings over time.
▪ The relative change of Power Factor (PF%) for a set of three bushings over time.

Figure 4-45: Bushing Monitor polar plot

Devices with bushing monitoring are shipped from the factory with default alarm
settings. Note: Alarms are user configurable; refer to the relevant product Operator
Guide. If the alarms are enabled on the device, the alarms are displayed in the polar plot
as colour-coded boundaries as shown in Figure 4-46. Green denotes that the amplitude
of the polar plot is within the acceptable given limits; yellow a warning and red an alarm.

Figure 4-46: Bushing Monitor polar plot — alarms

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 Rest the mouse pointer over any data point on the polar plot to display a tooltip with the
data point information.
Right click inside the pane for a shortcut menu with several graphing options as shown in
Figure 4-47.
▪ The Plot option offers a choice of a Polar or Histogram view.
▪ The Bushings option offers a choice of Primary, Secondary or Tertiary bushings.
▪ The Measurement option offers a choice of measurement parameter either
percentage change in either Capacitance or Power Factor.

Figure 4-47: Bushing Monitor graphing options

4.17.1 Display Controls

The worksheet offers several controls as shown in Figure 4-48.

Figure 4-48: Bushing Monitor polar plot – controls

4.17.1.1 Date controls

The blue rectangle in Figure 4-48 highlights the Date controls.

▪ The Date picker is used to set the date range to display. The range is also shown on
the Timeline below with the earliest plot point represented by a cyan colour ranging
to deep blue for the most recent plot point.
▪ The Reset Dates button resets the date range to include all available data, ending in
the most recent.

4.17.1.2 Zoom and Range controls

The red rectangle in Figure 4-48 highlights the Zoom and Range controls.

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 ▪ The Zoom slider controls the radial scale to allow zooming in and out of the polar
plot. When the polar plot is zoomed in, click and drag with the left mouse button to
pan the zoomed region within the polar plot.
▪ The Range selector within the timeline allows the user to display a subset of the
available data filtered by time. Drag the black markers on the far left and right of the
timeline accordingly to define a time-bound range of data. Drag the time-bound data
range to update the polar plot in real time.
The effects of zooming and restricting the date range are shown in Figure 4-49. Zooming
in and restricting the date range makes tracking a parameter over time more visible.

Figure 4-49: Bushing Monitor polar plot – zooming

4.17.1.3 Other controls

The green rectangle in Figure 4-48 highlights the other controls. These are also shown in
Figure 4-50.

Figure 4-50: Other controls

▪ The ‘<<’ or ‘>>’ buttons hide and restore the graphs respectively.
▪ The ‘graph’ button (left most) toggles the view between a trend chart and a polar plot.
▪ The ‘?’ button gives a short description of the graph.
The controls on one pane are independent of the other pane allowing the same dataset
to be viewed differently alongside each other. For example in Figure 4-51, the left pane
has been changed to a histogram view, while the right pane shows the same data
selection and zoom, but using a plain polar view.

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 Figure 4-51: Histogram (left) and polar plot (right) using the same dataset

The colour of the histogram pixels denote the density of measurements at that point.
Resting the mouse pointer on a pixel opens a tooltip showing the numerical value
associated with the pixel’s colour. This is useful when there are a large number of plot
points: the plain polar view indicates the range of values, while the histogram indicates
the commonality of the values. The histogram view can also be zoomed to give greater
density detail.

4.17.2 Multiple BMT devices

The Asset Explorer allows multiple Intellix BMT 300/330 devices to be added to a single
transformer to support the monitoring of multiple sets of bushings as shown in Figure
4-52. This makes it possible to visualize the monitoring data for multiple sets of bushings
and easily switch between devices within a single worksheet, such as the Bushing
Monitor worksheet. Right click the plot area on the worksheet and select the relevant
BMT device from the shortcut menu as shown in Figure 4-53.

Figure 4-52: Asset Explorer Figure 4-53: Shortcut menu to choose BMT device

4.18 Partial Discharge

This feature is available on all Intellix BMT devices and as an option on DGA 900 PLUS
and DGA 900 MULTITRANS. The Partial Discharge worksheet renders polar plots
displaying the statistical partial discharge parameters as measured by the device. The
layout consists of three polar plots — one in a ‘major’ pane and two in ‘minor’ panes as
shown in Figure 4-54.

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 Figure 4-54: Partial Discharge polar plots

The three polar plots are as follows:

▪ Partial Discharge Count.
▪ Partial Discharge Index (PDI) – measured in mW.
▪ Partial Discharge Value – measured in picocoulombs (pC).
Rest the mouse pointer over any data point on the major polar plot to display a tooltip
showing the data point information.
Right click inside the major pane for a shortcut menu to change the Plot to either Polar
or Histogram view as shown in Figure 4-55.

Figure 4-55: Partial Discharge graphing options

Either of the polar plots in the minor panes can be brought into focus by moving it to the
major pane. Click the relevant ‘double arrow’ << button (denoted by the red circles on
the top left corner of the minor panes in Figure 4-54) to move a minor polar plot to the
major pane.
The worksheet offers similar controls to the Bushing Monitor polar plot to define the
date range and zoom as described previously in Section 4.17.1.
Click the ‘trend graph’ button (left most on the major pane) to display a trend chart using
the values with which the polar plot is built, an example of which is shown in Figure 4-57.

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 Figure 4-56: Toggle charts

Figure 4-57: Partial Discharge trend chart

The device “High” and “High-High” alarms thresholds are plotted as amber and red lines
respectively.
Click the ‘polar plot’ button as shown in Figure 4-58 to return to the polar plot view.

Figure 4-58: Return to Polar view

4.19 PRPD
This feature is available on Intellix BMT 330 devices and as an option on DGA 900 PLUS
and DGA 900 MULTITRANS. The PRPD polar plot visualises the Phase Resolved Partial
Discharge data patterns (if available). The PRPD worksheet shows the PD pattern of a
grid voltage cycle. This pattern can be used to analyse and potentially identify the PD
sources. The PRPD tab is only available for the Intellix BMT 330 & DGA 900 PLUS device.
The worksheet displays PRPD data from the device on a standard 2-D chart, which can
also be configured as a histogram.
Summary information as shown in Figure 4-63 and Figure 4-64 for the PRPD is displayed
on the ‘PD event info’ panel (top right). If the 2D chart is active, the lower panel (‘Selected
PD event’) lists the PRPD coordinates of the selected PD event (if selected); or the
selected pixel density in the case of a histogram.

4.19.1 Display Controls

The worksheet offers similar controls e.g. to manipulate the date range as described
previously in Sections 4.17 and 4.17.1.
Rest the mouse pointer on any data point (or pixel) to display a tooltip with the data
point (or pixel) information.
Right-click inside the pane for a shortcut menu with several graphing options.

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 ▪ The Plot option offers a choice of a 2D chart or Histogram as shown in Figure 4-59.

Figure 4-59: Plot shortcut menu

▪ The Timeframe option offers a choice of a single PRPD view (one record) or daily view
as shown in Figure 4-60.

Figure 4-60: Appearance shortcut menu

▪ The Phase option offers a choice of phases A, B or C as shown in Figure 4-61.

Figure 4-61: Phase shortcut menu

The Zoom slider controls the scale and allows you to zoom in and out of the PRPD. When
zoomed in, it is possible to drag the PRPD to pan across the chart.
To set the PRPD vertical range and the histogram density range, double click the plot to
open the PRPD Range dialog as shown in Figure 4-62.

Figure 4-62: PRPD Range dialog

4.19.2 2D Chart
The standard 2D chart shown in Figure 4-63 plots the PD events as per the phase angle
of the grid voltage in degrees (X-axis) and the apparent charge (pC) (Y-axis).

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 Figure 4-63: PRPD standard 2-D chart

4.19.3 Histogram
The histogram shown in Figure 4-64 uses the same axes as the 2D chart to plot the same
data, but adds the PD event density as colour. The colour scheme for the histogram is
shown in the legend at the bottom of Figure 4-64 where the density (the number of
events per one thousand cycles) is depicted by a particular colour.

Figure 4-64: PRPD histogram

4.20 Inter-Phase Angle

This feature is available on all Intellix BMT devices and as an option on DGA 900 PLUS
and DGA 900 MULTITRANS. The Inter-Phase Angle worksheet as shown in Figure 4-65
uses an Inter-Phase Angle plot to display the temporal evolution of angles, with the time
increasing radially. The Inter-Phase Angle polar plot displays the measured angles in a
more intuitive way than could otherwise be achieved with a trend chart. The worksheet

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 displays the measured Angle A-B and Angle A-C against the expected respective angles.
The Phase Angle Caution and Alarm limits as configured on the device are also shown.

Figure 4-65: Inter-Phase Angle

4.20.1 Display Controls

The worksheet offers similar controls e.g. to manipulate the date range as described
previously in Sections 4.17 and 4.17.1.
Move the mouse pointer on the plot area and a tooltip displays the date and timestamp
of the Marker Line, while the legend (top right) displays the angle values.
Right-click inside the pane for a shortcut menu with several graphing options.
The Bushings option offers a choice of Primary, Secondary or Tertiary Bushings as shown
in
▪ Figure 4-66.

Figure 4-66: Bushings shortcut menu

▪ The Appearance option toggles the Marker Line On or Off as shown in Figure 4-67.

Figure 4-67: Appearance shortcut menu

▪ The View option toggles the Legend On or Off as shown in Figure 4-68.

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 Figure 4-68: View shortcut menu

The Zoom slider allows you to change the magnification of the Inter-Phase Angle plot.
The Phase Angle Caution and Alarm limits are also available on the Data Table
worksheet as shown in Figure 4-69. Rest the mouse pointer on any Angle point value to
obtain a tooltip that includes phase angle caution and alarm limits.

Figure 4-69: Data Table with Caution and Alarm limits tooltip

The Phase Angle Caution and Alarm limits are also available on the Status worksheet as
shown in Figure 4-70.

Figure 4-70: Status worksheet with Caution and Alarm limits

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4.21 Web Browser
This feature is available on the MS 3000 device and all DGA 900-family devices. The Web
Browser worksheet displays web content as rendered on the remote HMI of an MS 3000
or DGA 900-family device as shown in Figure 4-71.

Figure 4-71: MS 3000 Log-in screen

The HMI uses an integrated frameless browser for interacting with the products. To open
the web browser, click the tab or select the Setup context menu item from the
appropriate asset in the Perception fleet tree (left pane). The web browser state is saved
while navigating between worktabs of the same asset, but is reset after switching to
another asset. To access web content, ensure that a valid Host name or IP address for
the product is specified in the Communications section of the Properties worksheet as
shown in Figure 4-72.

Figure 4-72: Properties – Communications – IP address

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4.22 COMTRADE History
This feature is only available on CB Watch3, 845 and 869 Relays. The COMmon format for
TRAnsient Data Exchange is a standard digital file format for recording transient fault
data identified from sampling electrical characteristics and stored as a series of files.
These files can be downloaded and stored within the Microsoft SQL Perception
database. They can also be saved to a local location on the PC for later analysis to
provide insight on the magnitude and effect of faults over time using third-party tools.

Figure 4-73: COMTRADE History

4.23 Breaker Trend Chart

This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. The Breaker Trend Chart renders the
breaker records retrieved from the 869 relay in a predefined way as shown in Figure
4-74.

Figure 4-74: Breaker Trend Chart

Event data is represented on the chart as solid vertical lines to correlate with breaker
data. This includes breaker arcing parameters and breaker health records. The resulting

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 trend chart plots the available historical data in accordance with the custom selected
date/time range. See Section 4.4 for details on the controls to manipulate trend charts.

4.24 ESA Data

This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. ESA (Electrical Signature Analysis) is
the monitoring of stator current or voltage in a rotating machine. Various electrical and
mechanical fault conditions can cause a modulation of the current and/or voltage signal.
Proven ESA algorithms are implemented in the 8 Series relays to detect mechanical
abnormalities in the motor and this ‘signature’ allows motor faults, such as a broken
rotor bar, bearing failure, static & dynamic eccentricity, foundation looseness and
misalignments to be identified early and their severity assessed.
The ESA Data table lists the raw electrical signature analysis data retrieved from the 869
relay in a predefined way as shown in Figure 4-75.

Figure 4-75: ESA Data

Data is grouped across a series of subtabs with timestamps to represent the various
subassemblies of the machine being monitored – Load-Sub-System, Bearing Sub-
System, Mechanical Sub-System, Stator Sub-System, Rotor Sub-System, Thermal
Sub-System and Supply Sub-System.

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4.25 ESA Circle Chart
This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. The ESA Circle Chart is a fault
diagnostic tool that plots the last fifty historical data records retrieved from the 869
relay in a circle format as shown in Figure 4-76.

Figure 4-76: ESA Circle Chart

This is a useful visualization aid as to the motor status (normal, caution or alarm). The
ESA circle is divided into twelve load bins with concentric circles to show if a historical
record is within a baseline or has breached an alarm level set on the 869 relay. This can
be used to identify mechanical, bearing and stator faults. Refer to the 869 Motor
Protection System – Instruction Manual for more details.

4.26 Breaker Data

This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. The Breaker Data table lists the
breaker records from the 869 relay in a predefined data table as shown in Figure 4-77.

Figure 4-77: Breaker Data

The breaker records include the breaker arcing parameters and breaker health records.
Refer to the 869 Motor Protection System – Instruction Manual for more details.

4.27 LDR Data

This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. The Learned Data Recorder (LDR)
Data table lists the learned data records retrieved from the 869 relay as shown in Figure
4-78.

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 Figure 4-78: Breaker Data

The Learned Data Recorder measures operational parameters and records up to 250
data record ‘sets’ from the actual motor operation. LDR Data is grouped across three
tabbed pages – Motor Load, Motor Start and Motor Thermal. This data is used to
identify changes to key motor operations and evaluate those trends over time. Refer to
the 869 Motor Protection System – Instruction Manual for more details.

4.28 ESA Models

This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. The Electrical Signature Analysis
(ESA) Models tabbed page presents a series of sub-system models using a combination
of predefined graphical gauges and trend charts as shown in Figure 4-79.
This data is grouped using a series of subtabs – Load, Supply, Thermal, Bearing,
Mechanical, Stator and Rotor.

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 Figure 4-79: ESA Models

ESA trend charts plot the available historical data according to the custom selected
date/time range. Event data is represented on the chart as solid vertical lines to
correlate with ESA data. See Section 4.4 for details on the controls to manipulate trend
charts.

4.29 LDR Trends

This feature is only available on 869 Relay devices. The Learned Data Records (LDR)
Trends tabbed page presents a series of sub-system models using a combination of
predefined graphical gauges and trend charts as shown in Figure 4-80.
This data is grouped using a series of subtabs – Motor Start, Motor Electrical and
Motor Thermal.

Figure 4-80: LDR Trends

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 LDR Trends plot the available historical data according to the custom selected date/time
range. Event data is represented on the chart as solid vertical lines to correlate with LDR
data. See Section 4.4 for details on the controls to manipulate trend charts.

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5 OTHER TOOLS & FUNCTIONALITY
5.1 Downloading Data…
5.1.1 …Via Perception
To download data from a device, right click on the device in the Asset Explorer and select
Download as shown in Figure 5-1. This starts the manual download. The device node in
the Asset Explorer gains a spinning blue icon to show that the download is in progress.

Figure 5-1: Download

If the Properties worksheet is open, the progress bar in the Device Connection section
will show the download progress as shown in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-2: Download progress

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 To cancel the download, right click on the device and select Cancel Download as shown
in Figure 5-3.

Figure 5-3: Cancel Download

When used in conjunction with Perception Server, the download of data can also be
scheduled to occur automatically (see Section 3.9.5.3). Note: Data can also be manually
downloaded during scheduled download intervals.

5.1.2 …Via USB

Data download from a Transfix device using the USB communications support must be
performed via the TransConnect application as shown in Figure 5-4.
Note: The TransConnect application is automatically installed with Perception
Desktop. The default location is ‘Programs/GE Energy’.
The steps are as follows:
▪ Close Perception Desktop.
▪ Select Start > All Programs > GE Energy > Perception > TransConnect to open the
TransConnect application.

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 Figure 5-4: TransConnect

▪ Connect your PC to the Transfix via a USB port.

▪ The Transfix device should be listed under Local Connections. Select this device,
connect to it and then choose the option to download the latest records.
Note: The data is stored in a temporary folder called “FileWatcher”.
▪ Exit the TransConnect application.
Upon next starting Perception Desktop, the downloaded data will be automatically
imported from the FileWatcher folder to the database that Perception Desktop is
connected to on launch.
Note: If you have a copy of Perception Express on your PC and launch that before
Perception Desktop, then the downloaded data will be imported to the
Perception Express database. Since Perception Desktop already includes all the
features of Perception Express, it is recommended that any prior copies of
Perception Express be removed.

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5.2 Exporting and Importing Data
Perception provides several options for configuring the export and import of data using a
CSV file. This includes alarm information for all device types, measurement diagnostics
and quality status information. In addition, the Perception Server Configuration tool
allows you to define any custom CSV format. However, Perception recognises three CSV
formats out of the box:
▪ Perception
▪ TransConnect
▪ TOA4

5.2.1 Export
You can export assets (transformers and/or devices) to a Perception format standalone
CSV file at the database, parent or device-node level. This is useful if you want to copy
data to another system to perform, for example, custom analysis. Other export options
are listed in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1: Export options
Properties Export all the attributes specified on the Properties page along
with the corresponding asset hierarchy.
Measurements Export device measurement data plus the corresponding asset
hierarchy only.
‘Uncertain’ and ‘Bad data’ are attributed with diagnostic
information for each data point. Uncertain data values are
appended with ‘!U’. Bad data values are appended with ‘!B’.
Ranking History Export the ranking history data as described in Section 3.11.

All Data Export everything – all the Properties, Measurements and Alarms
as defined above.

Right click the asset in the Asset Hierarchy or select Actions > Export to see the
available export options as shown in Figure 5-5. Select an option e.g. All Data.

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 Figure 5-5: Export options

The ‘Save Exported File As’ dialog as shown in Figure 5-6 allows you to save the data to a
Perception format CSV data file. To do this, navigate to a suitable location, specify a
name for the CSV file or select an existing file to overwrite, and then click Save to export
the data using this format.

Figure 5-6: Save as a CSV file

The parent-child relationship depicted in the Asset Hierarchy is also included as part of
every export. During an import, this allows assets to be recreated on the recipient
machine in the same structured way as the source machine. The metadata for the
hierarchy of assets is represented in the CSV file in the following way: A parent column is
created in the CSV file and that is used to store the value of the parent node against

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 each asset value in the ‘Equipnum’ column. If there is no parent node for an asset, then
the value of the parent column is left blank against the respective asset value. On import,
this asset will be created at the highest level in the asset hierarchy i.e. directly under the
database node.

5.2.2 Import
You can import assets (transformers and/or devices) from a CSV file that adheres to one
of the formats listed in Section 5.1. The CSV file may include asset properties, device
measurement data, ranking history and the corresponding asset hierarchy, depending on
the options chosen at the time of export.
In Perception Desktop, select Actions > Import > Import File… as shown in Figure 5-7.

Figure 5-7: Import a file

The Open dialog allows you to select a CSV file. Click Open to import the contents of the
file to the database as shown in Figure 5-8.

Figure 5-8: Open a CSV file

A progress bar is displayed during the import. The diagnostic information that
accompanies ‘Uncertain’ and ‘Bad data’ is also included as part of the import, along with
the metadata to reconstruct the parent-child node structure in the Asset Explorer.
Note: The import may take several minutes (depending on the size of the file) during
which time you cannot manipulate the asset hierarchy.
Note: Alarms are also imported, including those from Transport X units that use
firmware v1.12.6.567 or later.

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 Note: Nameplate information that is imported to the database is not time stamped. If
a TOA file contains several rows of nameplate information for one device, only
the first row for each compartment is imported. See Section 3.9.1.
If the data values of the following fields in the CSV file match all the asset attributes on
the Properties pages, then the asset already exists in the database and is updated
accordingly with any new data from the CSV file. These fields are:
➢ Equipnum: the name of the transformer
➢ Serialnum: the serial number of the transformer
➢ Apprtype: device type (TRN for transformer)
If any one of the fields does not match, then the asset is considered to be new. A new
asset node will then be created in the Asset Hierarchy at the desired level as per the
data value listed in the parent column of the CSV file for the asset. The position of new
assets can be rearranged as required. See Section 3.2.4.
The import summary dialog is displayed, and if the import is problematic, it will also
include a link to the corresponding log file. The log file records details of the import
including any errors and is saved in the same location as the imported CSV file.

5.3 Downloading Service Logs

Service and factory logs can be downloaded from some devices, either remotely over a
network, or directly from a Transfix via a USB connection. To configure the download, use
the menu option Tools > Download Service Logs.... Note: You can also right click the
device to access a shortcut menu option.

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 Figure 5-9: Download Service Logs - Network

The Media field defaults to a Network source as shown in Figure 5-9. For a network
source, you must supply the IP address and enter the secure POTM code. To obtain the
POTM code, please contact GE. Finally, enter the destination folder on your PC or use the
Browse (…) button to navigate to the destination folder.

Figure 5-10: Download Service Logs - USB

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 If you are onsite at the Transfix, select USB in the Media field. The dialog changes to
reflect the setup as shown in Figure 5-10. For a USB direct connection, you need only
supply the destination folder on your laptop.
Note: You must use the USB port inside the Transfix (located behind the Control
panel).
This resulting file can then be sent to GE for analysis.

5.4 Data Viewing Options

Select Tools > Options > View to examine a couple of options for viewing the data as
shown in Figure 5-11.

Figure 5-11: Tools > Options > View

▪ Show data points without measurements: By default, any data points without
measurement values are excluded to aid the identification of trends and ensure a
smooth plot. To include these data points irrespective of their null values, select
Show data points without measurements.
▪ Mark Calculated Values: Select Mark Calculated Values to identify all values that
result from a calculation of other measurements. By default, this option is not
selected since many values are obviously calculations e.g. TDCG, but not all are
obvious, so it may on occasion be useful to explicitly identify them. For example, the
nitrogen value comes not from a direct nitrogen measurement, but a calculation using
other directly measured parameters. Calculated values are marked with an asterix ‘*’
at the end of the display name e.g. Nitrogen*.

5.5 Transformer Report

The Transformer Report is a multi-page report that contains key overview details of the
transformer using Perception-based data.
Note: The report is generated as a Microsoft Word document and can be found in the
Documents folder of the local machine.
To generate the report, right click on a Transformer asset in the asset tree as shown in
Figure 5-12.

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 Figure 5-12: Transformer Status report context menu

The Report option lists the selected transformer with any qualifying child assets below.
Select an asset to launch the Report Configuration Wizard as shown in Figure 5-13.

Figure 5-13: Report Configuration Wizard

The Report Configuration Wizard allows the report content to be customized as follows:
▪ The Date Range sets the range of dates that the report will span.
▪ The Include section – choose from DGA, BMT and Fleet ranking.

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 ▪ The Source dropdown allows you to select the relevant oil source.
▪ The Gases dropdown allows you to select multiple variables.
▪ The Duval’s Triangle dropdown allows you to select which of the six Duval’s
diagnostics options to display on the report.
▪ The Gas Ratio dropdown allows you to select which of the two gas ratio diagnostics
to display on the report.
Note: The diagnostic information provided by the Gas Ratio is displayed on the report
(above the conclusion). However, the Gas Ratio diagram is not displayed.
▪ The Select Trend Chart dropdown contains a list of the trend charts available for the
report. If you have multiple trend charts in the device workbook area, these will
appear here. You can choose to use one of the predefined trend charts or you can
create a custom trend chart. To create a custom trend chart, select from the available
variables to display as shown in Figure 5-13.
▪ The Reset button resets all options back to the default settings.
▪ The Report button generates the report on the local machine and the adjacent
checkbox opens the report on completion.
A sample first page of the Transformer report is shown in Figure 5-14.

Figure 5-14: Transformer Status Report

The first pages contain the:

▪ Report Date and Date Range of the data contained in the report
▪ Organisation Details
▪ Transformer Details

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 ▪ List of online DGA equipment and Status (in alarm or not)
The following pages lists the DGA alarm information for each Source. The report also
contains three free-text entry boxes – Introduction, Summary and Conclusion, which the
user can populate before printing.
The remaining pages relate to the DGA analysis with trend charts, DGA diagnostics
(Duval, Key Gas, Gas Ratio, TDCG, CO2\CO with hot metal gases), Bushing analysis and
Risk and Rank analysis (if selected in the Report Configuration Wizard).

5.6 Workflow Scheduler

Workflows can be scheduled from Perception Desktop via the Tools menu as shown in
Figure 5-15.

Figure 5-15: Tools menu

Click the Workflow Scheduler option to launch the ‘Workflow Scheduler’ dialog as
shown in Figure 5-16.

Figure 5-16: Workflow Scheduler dialog

To manually execute all workflows, click the Execute All Workflows button to instantly
perform a data evaluation.
To enable scheduling, select the Enabled checkbox and then specify when the workflow
should run. For example, every 6 hours of every day is specified as shown in Figure 5-17.

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 Figure 5-17: Workflow Scheduler enabled

5.7 Launching External Applications

External applications can be launched from Perception Desktop via the Tools menu as
shown in Figure 5-18.

Figure 5-18: External Tools Menu Option

Select the External Tools option to launch the ‘External Tools’ dialog as shown in Figure
5-19.

Figure 5-19: External Tools dialog

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 To create a new entry, click the Add button as shown in Figure 5-20. The Title and Path
fields become available and must be populated.

Figure 5-20: External Tools dialog – after clicking ‘Add’

Enter the name of the external tool and the path of the executable file in the respective
fields.
Note: A (…) browse button to the right of the path field allows you to browse to the
executable location.
Figure 5-21 shows an example of adding Windows ‘Notepad’ as a tool.

Figure 5-21: External Tools – Notepad example

You can also add an argument parameter to the external tool. The argument can be a
command or file to open when the external application is launched. An example is shown
in Figure 5-22.

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 Figure 5-22: External Tools – Notepad example with an argument

Click OK to add the configured external tool to the Tools menu as shown in Figure 5-23.

Figure 5-23: Tools Menu option with Notepad added to external tools

Any of the listed externals tools can be launched independently from Perception
Desktop, if configured correctly.
To delete an external tool:
▪ Select Tools > External Tools to launch the ‘External Tools’ dialog.
▪ Select the external tool entry to delete and click Delete.
▪ Click Yes to the prompt as shown in Figure 5-24.

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 Figure 5-24: Deleting an External Tool

The external tool is no longer listed on the Tools menu as shown in Figure 5-25.

Figure 5-25: Tools Menu with Notepad removed

5.8 Transport X2 Options

The Transport X2 device is represented in the Asset Hierarchy and appears above the
root node as shown in Figure 5-26.
Note: The asset is automatically detected about 30 seconds after the device is
connected to a PC with Perception Desktop.

Figure 5-26: Transport X2 Asset hierarchy

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 The Properties worksheet contains some basic information about the device, such as the
serial number as shown in Figure 5-27. To establish communication with the device, the
connection needs to be confirmed on the device side. From the Transport X2 touchscreen
Main Menu, press PC Sync.

Figure 5-27: Transport X2 Properties worksheet – before connection

The Properties worksheet details additional sections (Statistics & Measurements) as

shown in Figure 5-28.

Figure 5-28: Transport X2 Properties tab – after connection

If new measurements are detected after successful connection to a PC, the user is
advised to download the data as shown in Figure 5-29 (or this action can be performed
later as described below).

Figure 5-29: Transport X2 Download measurements message

Right click on the Transport X2 asset to see the available options as shown in Figure 5-30.

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 Figure 5-30: Transport X2 options

▪ Download: retrieves all measurements stored on the device and creates appropriate
transformer nodes in the asset tree (or adds additional information to existing nodes
based on serialnum / equipnum id).
▪ Download Logs: retrieves debugging and sustaining information from the device to
be used by service engineers.
▪ Export to CSV: export all Transport X2 data to a CSV file to maintain compatibility
with a legacy requirement. Note: When exporting to CSV, the file is automatically
adjusted to the regional settings on the local machine.

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 Appendix A Installing the Transport X driver in Windows 7

Transport X is a portable device that can be used onsite to sample oil by direct
connection to the assets. The Transport X device is then brought back to the office and
connected via USB to your PC. The data collected from the assets is then transferred to
your PC and Perception will then load the data into the server database.
The Transport X device is installed in the same manner as any plug and play device
attached to a PC.

A.1 Installing Mobile Device Center

The generic Microsoft Mobile Device Center must be downloaded from the Microsoft
website.
For Windows Vista/7 x86 (32-Bit):
http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaying=en&id=14
For Windows Vista/7 x86 (64-Bit):
http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=3182
As part of the download process, you will have to allow the Microsoft Validation to take
place. More information about the Validation requirements can be obtained by a ‘click
here’ link as shown in Figure A-1.

Figure A-1: Validation

After the validation process click Download as shown in Figure A-2.

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 Figure A-2: Download

Then click Run on the File Download - Security Warning dialog as shown in Figure A-3.

Figure A-3: Security Warning

And click Run again on the Internet Explorer – Security Warning dialog as shown in
Figure A-4.

Figure A-4: Browser Security Warning

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 The software prepares to install and displays the following series of dialogs as shown in
Figure A-5.

Figure A-5: Installation dialogs

If Figure A-6 appears during the process or at the end, then the installation has been
unsuccessful. Click the Close button and install the Transport X device manually as
outlined in Section A.2.

Figure A-6: Unsuccessful device driver installation

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A.2 Installing Transport X
To connect the Transport X (running Windows CE 5.0 or 4.2) to a computer running
Windows 7, follow the steps below:
▪ Power up the device.
▪ Connect the device to your computer with the supplied USB cable.
▪ You will see a ‘Found New Hardware’ screen.
▪ If you had already installed or attempted installing a driver, you can right-click
Computer, choose Manage and go to Device Manager.
▪ If the device appears under ‘Mobile Devices’, then use the ‘Update Device Driver’
utility.
▪ Select the option to locate and install software as shown in Figure A-7.

Figure A-7: Control Panel

▪ Under Devices and Printers, select Device Manager as shown in Figure A-8.

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 Figure A-8: Devices and Printers

▪ Expand Other devices to display Kelman Transport X as shown in Figure A-9.

Figure A-9: Device Manager

▪ Right-click Kelman Transport X and select Update Driver Software as shown in

Figure A-10.

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 Figure A-10: Device Manager – Update Driver Software

▪ On the Windows Permission Request screen, click Continue.

▪ On the next screen, select Browse my computer for driver software as shown in
Figure A-11.

Figure A-11: Update Driver Software - Kelman Transport X

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 ▪ Select Let me pick from a list of device drivers on my computer as shown in
Figure A-12.

Figure A-12: Browse for driver software

▪ Select Mobile devices, then click Next as shown in Figure A-13.

Figure A-13: Choose the device type

▪ Clear the Show compatible hardware checkbox.

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 ▪ In the Manufacturer column, choose Microsoft as shown in Figure A-14.
▪ In the Model column, choose Microsoft USB Sync.
▪ Click Next.

Figure A-14: Select the device driver

▪ Select Connect without setting up your device.

▪ In the ‘Update Driver Warning’ dialog, click Yes as shown in Figure A-15.

Figure A-15: Update driver warning

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 ▪ The Installing Driver Software progress bar displays as shown in Figure A-16.

Figure A-16: Installation progress bar

▪ When the driver has successfully updated, the following screen as shown in Figure
A-17 displays.

Figure A-17: Driver update complete

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 ▪ A successful connection is indicated by a green check mark and the word ‘Connected’
as shown in Figure A-18.

Figure A-18: Successful connection

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 Appendix B Database Mappings for Import and Export

During a Perception export, only the browse names get exported to the CSV file for oil source and
peripheral measurements including their group names. For example, multiple oil sources, such as
the Main, Selector and Diverter tanks, are represented in the software with the following browse
names OilSourceA, OilSourceB and OilSourceC respectively. On export it is only these underlying
browse names that get exported to the CSV file (not the user-defined names for multiple oil
sources specified in the device setup). The reason for this is that Perception analytics (such as
Duval, GasRatio, KeyGas) recognises only the browse name for the oil sources. Common browse
names also allow Perception data to be imported into any other localised version of Perception.
Table B-1 lists all the CSV headers, the corresponding field mappings in the Perception database
and a brief description below (where required). When creating custom import and export
mappings, refer to this table to ensure valid data exchange.
Table B-1: Database Mappings
CSV header Field mapping
equipnum equipnum
The name of the asset shown in the Asset Explorer on import. Data must contain an ‘equipnum’ or ‘Serialnum’
field.
assettype assettype
The type of asset. Required, otherwise a transformer asset will be created on import (used for TOA and
TransportX format files).
assettype = HydranM2, MO150, Transfix1_6, MINITRANS, DGA 500, MULTITRANS, TAPTRANS, DUALTRANS,
BMT300, Transfix1_5, Transformer, TransformerBank, Hydran201ti, SubStation, Area
Serialnum SerialNumber
The serial number of the asset. Data must contain an ‘equipnum’ or ‘Serialnum’ field.
sampledate sampledate
The data records. Required field if importing ‘measurement data’. If importing ‘properties’ only, this field can be
omitted.
Tank Tank
The tanks listed under the transformer. Required for the import of TOA format files only.
apprtype apprtype
The type of asset. E.g. Transfix 1.6 (used for Perception and TransConnect format files).
apprtype = HydranM2, MO150, Transfix1_6, MINITRANS, DGA 500, MULTITRANS, TAPTRANS, DUALTRANS,
BMT300, Transfix1_5, Transformer, TransformerBank, Hydran201ti, SubStation, Area
pgaerrorcodes pgaerrorcodes

OilSourceA|H2 OilSourceA|H2
The first value denotes the measurement group or oil source that gets created on import, the second value
denotes a measurement point under that group or oil source. Required for all CSV headers, except the following:
headers that represent property fields
headers appended with the text ‘Diagnostic’.
OilSourceA|H2|Diagnostic OilSourceA|H2|Diagnostic
Any header format appended with the text ‘Diagnostic’, imports the diagnostic information for the measurement
where the data is of bad or uncertain quality (!B or !U).
OilSourceA|CH4 OilSourceA|CH4

OilSourceA|CH4|Diagnostic OilSourceA|CH4|Diagnostic

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 OilSourceA|C2H2 OilSourceA|C2H2

OilSourceA|C2H2|Diagnostic OilSourceA|C2H2|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|C2H4 OilSourceA|C2H4

OilSourceA|C2H4|Diagnostic OilSourceA|C2H4|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|C2H6 OilSourceA|C2H6

OilSourceA|C2H6|Diagnostic OilSourceA|C2H6|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|CO OilSourceA|CO

OilSourceA|CO|Diagnostic OilSourceA|CO|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|CO2 OilSourceA|CO2

OilSourceA|CO2|Diagnostic OilSourceA|CO2|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|O2 OilSourceA|O2

OilSourceA|O2|Diagnostic OilSourceA|O2|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|TDCG OilSourceA|TDCG

OilSourceA|TDCG|Diagnostic OilSourceA|TDCG|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|H2O OilSourceA|H2O

OilSourceA|H2O|Diagnostic OilSourceA|H2O|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|AmbientTemp OilSourceA|AmbientTemp

OilSourceA|AmbientTemp|Diagnostic OilSourceA|AmbientTemp|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|NormalizationTemp OilSourceA|NormalizationTemp

OilSourceA|NormalizationTemp|Diagnostic OilSourceA|NormalizationTemp|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|OilPressure OilSourceA|OilPressure

OilSourceA|OilPressure|Diagnostic OilSourceA|OilPressure|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|OilTemp OilSourceA|OilTemp

OilSourceA|OilTemp|Diagnostic OilSourceA|OilTemp|Diagnostic

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 OilSourceA|N2 OilSourceA|N2

OilSourceA|N2|Diagnostic OilSourceA|N2|Diagnostic

OilSourceA|TDG OilSourceA|TDG

OilSourceA|TDG|Diagnostic OilSourceA|TDG|Diagnostic

Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-2 Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-2

On import of this header format, for example, a ‘Peripherals’ group is created with an ‘Analog’ subgroup. Input-2
is the measurement created under the Analog subgroup. This interpretation is similar for all peripheral inputs.
Note: If the CSV header contains more than one attribute separated by a pipe character (|), it is the value after
the last pipe character that is considered the measurement point. All preceding values are treated as subgroups.
The only exceptions to this behavior are headers with the appendage ‘Diagnostic’.
Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-1 Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-1

Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-6 Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-6

Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-5 Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-5

Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-4 Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-4

Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-3 Peripherals|Analog|Analog Input-3

Peripherals|TransOpto|Channel1 Peripherals|TransOpto|Channel1

OilSourceB|H2 OilSourceB|H2

OilSourceB|CH4 OilSourceB|CH4

OilSourceB|C2H2 OilSourceB|C2H2

OilSourceB|C2H4 OilSourceB|C2H4

OilSourceB|C2H6 OilSourceB|C2H6

OilSourceB|CO OilSourceB|CO

OilSourceB|CO2 OilSourceB|CO2

OilSourceB|O2 OilSourceB|O2

OilSourceB|TDCG OilSourceB|TDCG

OilSourceB|H2O OilSourceB|H2O

OilSourceB|AmbientTemp OilSourceB|AmbientTemp

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 OilSourceB|NormalizationTemp OilSourceB|NormalizationTemp

OilSourceB|OilPressure OilSourceB|OilPressure

OilSourceB|OilTemp OilSourceB|OilTemp

OilSourceB|N2 OilSourceB|N2

OilSourceC|H2 OilSourceC|H2

OilSourceC|CH4 OilSourceC|CH4

OilSourceC|C2H2 OilSourceC|C2H2

OilSourceC|C2H4 OilSourceC|C2H4

OilSourceC|C2H6 OilSourceC|C2H6

OilSourceC|CO OilSourceC|CO

OilSourceC|CO2 OilSourceC|CO2

OilSourceC|O2 OilSourceC|O2

OilSourceC|TDCG OilSourceC|TDCG

OilSourceC|H2O OilSourceC|H2O

OilSourceC|AmbientTemp OilSourceC|AmbientTemp

OilSourceC|NormalizationTemp OilSourceC|NormalizationTemp

OilSourceC|OilPressure OilSourceC|OilPressure

OilSourceC|OilTemp OilSourceC|OilTemp

GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo1|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo2|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo3|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo4|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo5|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo1|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo2|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo3|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo4|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo5|Formula

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 GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo1|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo2|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo3|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo4|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo5|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo1|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo2|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo3|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo4|Formula
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo5|Formula

GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo1|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo2|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo3|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo4|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo5|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo1|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo2|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo3|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo4|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceB|FormulaInfo5|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo1|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo2|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo3|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo4|FormulaName
GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceC|FormulaInfo5|FormulaName

Peripherals|Digital|Digital Input-1 Peripherals|Digital|Digital Input-1

Peripherals|Digital|Digital Input-2 Peripherals|Digital|Digital Input-2

Peripherals|Digital|Digital Input-3 Peripherals|Digital|Digital Input-3

Hydran|Hydran Hourly Trend Period Hydran|Hydran Hourly Trend Period

The first value denotes the measurement group that gets created on import e.g. Hydran, the second value
denotes a measurement point under that group e.g. Hydran Hourly Trend Period. This interpretation is similar for
all CSV headers of this format.
Hydran|Hydran Daily Trend Period Hydran|Hydran Daily Trend Period

System|Battery System|Battery

System|Transformer Type System|Transformer Type

Moisture|%RH Hourly Average Period Moisture|%RH Hourly Average Period

Moisture|Standard Temperature for RH Moisture|Standard Temperature for RH

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 Temperature|Ambient Temperature Temperature|Ambient Temperature

Temperature|Top Oil Temperature Temperature|Top Oil Temperature

Temperature|Calculated Top Oil Temperature Temperature|Calculated Top Oil Temperature

Temperature|Calculated Top Oil Difference Temperature|Calculated Top Oil Difference

Temperature|Calculated Bottom Oil Temperature Temperature|Calculated Bottom Oil Temperature

Power|Apparent Power from H Winding Power|Apparent Power from H Winding

Power|Apparent Power from X Winding Power|Apparent Power from X Winding

Power|Apparent Power from Y Winding Power|Apparent Power from Y Winding

Current|Current Winding H Current|Current Winding H

Current|Current Winding X Current|Current Winding X

Current|Current Winding Y Current|Current Winding Y

Winding Hot Spot|Per Unit load on the most loaded Winding Hot Spot|Per Unit load on the most loaded
winding winding

Winding Hot Spot|Winding Hot-Spot Temperature in Winding Hot Spot|Winding Hot-Spot Temperature in
Winding H Winding H

Winding Hot Spot|Winding Hot-Spot Temperature in Winding Hot Spot|Winding Hot-Spot Temperature in
Winding X Winding X

Winding Hot Spot|Winding Hot-Spot Temperature in Winding Hot Spot|Winding Hot-Spot Temperature in
Winding Y Winding Y

Winding Hot Spot|Highest Winding Hot-Spot Winding Hot Spot|Highest Winding Hot-Spot
Temperature Temperature

Winding Hot Spot|Per Unit load on the most loaded Winding Hot Spot|Per Unit load on the most loaded
winding corrected for Ambient and Altitude winding corrected for Ambient and Altitude

Winding Hot Spot|Highest Winding Hot-Spot Winding Hot Spot|Highest Winding Hot-Spot
Temperature Source Winding Temperature Source Winding

Winding Hot Spot|Per Unit load on the most loaded Winding Hot Spot|Per Unit load on the most loaded
winding source winding source

OLTC|OLTC Tank Temperature OLTC|OLTC Tank Temperature

OLTC|OLTC Differential Temperature OLTC|OLTC Differential Temperature

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 OLTC|Short Term Average of Tap Changer OLTC|Short Term Average of Tap Changer Temperature
Temperature Differential Differential

OLTC|Short Term Filtering Value OLTC|Short Term Filtering Value

OLTC|Long Term Average of Tap Changer OLTC|Long Term Average of Tap Changer Temperature
Temperature Differential Differential

OLTC|Long Term Filtering Value OLTC|Long Term Filtering Value

Cooling|Cooling Efficiency Index Cooling|Cooling Efficiency Index

Cooling|Cooling Stage 0 Total Activity Time Cooling|Cooling Stage 0 Total Activity Time

Cooling|Cooling Bank1 Total Activity Time Cooling|Cooling Bank1 Total Activity Time

Cooling|Cooling Bank2 Total Activity Time Cooling|Cooling Bank2 Total Activity Time

Cooling|Cooling Bank 1 Current Cooling|Cooling Bank 1 Current

Cooling|Cooling Bank 2 Current Cooling|Cooling Bank 2 Current

Cooling|Cooling Bank1 Activated Cooling|Cooling Bank1 Activated

Cooling|Cooling Bank2 Activated Cooling|Cooling Bank2 Activated

Cooling|Cooling Stage Cooling|Cooling Stage

Insulation Aging|Thermal Aging Acceleration Factor Insulation Aging|Thermal Aging Acceleration Factor

Insulation Aging|Moisture Aging Acceleration Factor Insulation Aging|Moisture Aging Acceleration Factor

Insulation Aging|Global Aging Acceleration Factor Insulation Aging|Global Aging Acceleration Factor

Insulation Aging|Cumulative Aging Insulation Aging|Cumulative Aging

Insulation Aging|Service Time Insulation Aging|Service Time

Tap Position|Permanent Tap Position Transition Count Tap Position|Permanent Tap Position Transition Count

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 1
1

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 2
2

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 3
3

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 Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 4
4

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 5
5

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 6
6

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 7
7

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 8
8

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position 9
9

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
10 10

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
11 11

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
12 12

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
13 13

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
14 14

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
15 15

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
16 16

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
17 17

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
18 18

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
19 19

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
20 20

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 Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
21 21

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
22 22

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
23 23

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
24 24

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
25 25

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
26 26

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
27 27

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
28 28

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
29 29

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
30 30

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
31 31

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
32 32

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
33 33

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
34 34

Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position Tap Position|Permanent Transition Count for Position
35 35

Tap Position|Operator Tap Position Transition Count Tap Position|Operator Tap Position Transition Count

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 1 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 1

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 2 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 2

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 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 3 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 3

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 4 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 4

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 5 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 5

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 6 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 6

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 7 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 7

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 8 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 8

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 9 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 9

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 10 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 10

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 11 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 11

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 12 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 12

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 13 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 13

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 14 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 14

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 15 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 15

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 16 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 16

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 17 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 17

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 18 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 18

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 19 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 19

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 20 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 20

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 21 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 21

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 22 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 22

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 23 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 23

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 24 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 24

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 25 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 25

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 26 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 26

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 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 27 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 27

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 28 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 28

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 29 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 29

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 30 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 30

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 31 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 31

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 32 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 32

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 33 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 33

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 34 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 34

Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 35 Tap Position|Resettable Count for Position 35

Tap Position|Actual Tap Position Tap Position|Actual Tap Position

DLG|Rated Voltage on LV side DLG|Rated Voltage on LV side

DLG|Rated Voltage on HV side DLG|Rated Voltage on HV side

DLG|Rated Power at Cooling Stage 0 DLG|Rated Power at Cooling Stage 0

DLG|Rated Power at Cooling Stage 1 DLG|Rated Power at Cooling Stage 1

DLG|Rated Power at Cooling Stage 2 DLG|Rated Power at Cooling Stage 2

DLG|User estimated Water content in Winding DLG|User estimated Water content in Winding
insulation Paper insulation Paper

DLG|Number of Cooling Banks DLG|Number of Cooling Banks

DLG|OverLoad Duration #1 DLG|OverLoad Duration #1

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #1 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #1

DLG|OverLoad Duration #2 DLG|OverLoad Duration #2

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #2 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #2

DLG|OverLoad Duration #3 DLG|OverLoad Duration #3

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #3 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #3

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 DLG|OverLoad Duration #4 DLG|OverLoad Duration #4

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #4 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #4

DLG|OverLoad Duration #5 DLG|OverLoad Duration #5

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #5 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #5

DLG|OverLoad Duration #6 DLG|OverLoad Duration #6

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #6 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #6

DLG|OverLoad Duration #7 DLG|OverLoad Duration #7

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #7 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #7

DLG|OverLoad Duration #8 DLG|OverLoad Duration #8

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #8 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #8

DLG|OverLoad Duration #9 DLG|OverLoad Duration #9

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #9 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #9

DLG|OverLoad Duration #10 DLG|OverLoad Duration #10

DLG|Load Limiting Factor #10 DLG|Load Limiting Factor #10

DLG|Max. Top Oil Temp. DLG|Max. Top Oil Temp.

DLG|Max. Hot Spot Temp. DLG|Max. Hot Spot Temp.

DLG|Min. Bubbling Margin Temp. DLG|Min. Bubbling Margin Temp.

DLG|Max. Load Factor on HV Bushing DLG|Max. Load Factor on HV Bushing

DLG|Max. Load Factor on LV Bushing DLG|Max. Load Factor on LV Bushing

DLG|Max. Load Factor on Tap Changer DLG|Max. Load Factor on Tap Changer

Communications|ConnectionString Communications|ConnectionString
Communications|CronString Communications|CronString
Communications|IsScheduleEnabled Communications|IsScheduleEnabled
Communications|NextScheduledDownload Communications|NextScheduledDownload
Communications|ServiceAlarmDescription Communications|ServiceAlarmDescription
Communications|NotificationEmail Communications|NotificationEmail
Communications|ExpertEmail Communications|ExpertEmail
Communications|IsAutoExportEnabled Communications|IsAutoExportEnabled
Communications|ExportCronString Communications|ExportCronString

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 Communications|DownloadError Communications|DownloadError
Communications|ServiceAlarmDescription Communications|ServiceAlarmDescription
These are all property fields. No mapping is required.
Environmental|Ambient Humidity Environmental|Ambient Humidity

Environmental|Ambient Temperature Environmental|Ambient Temperature

Environmental|Bottom Oil Temperature Environmental|Bottom Oil Temperature

Environmental|Top Oil Temperature Environmental|Top Oil Temperature

PrimaryBushing|C1% A PrimaryBushing|C1% A

PrimaryBushing|C1% B PrimaryBushing|C1% B

PrimaryBushing|C1% C PrimaryBushing|C1% C

PrimaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Level PrimaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Level

PrimaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Angle PrimaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Angle

PrimaryBushing|PF% A PrimaryBushing|PF% A

PrimaryBushing|PF% B PrimaryBushing|PF% B

PrimaryBushing|PF% C PrimaryBushing|PF% C

PrimaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Level PrimaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Level

PrimaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Angle PrimaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Angle

PrimaryBushing|AngleACReferenceDiff PrimaryBushing|AngleACReferenceDiff

PrimaryBushing|AngleABReferenceDiff PrimaryBushing|AngleABReferenceDiff

PrimaryBushing|Current A PrimaryBushing|Current A

PrimaryBushing|Current B PrimaryBushing|Current B

PrimaryBushing|Current C PrimaryBushing|Current C

PrimaryBushing|System Frequency PrimaryBushing|System Frequency

SecondaryBushing|C1% A SecondaryBushing|C1% A

SecondaryBushing|C1% B SecondaryBushing|C1% B

SecondaryBushing|C1% C SecondaryBushing|C1% C

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 SecondaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Level SecondaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Level

SecondaryBushing|PF% A SecondaryBushing|PF% A

SecondaryBushing|PF% B SecondaryBushing|PF% B

SecondaryBushing|PF% C SecondaryBushing|PF% C

SecondaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Level SecondaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Level

SecondaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Angle SecondaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Angle

SecondaryBushing|AngleABReferenceDiff SecondaryBushing|AngleABReferenceDiff

SecondaryBushing|AngleACReferenceDiff SecondaryBushing|AngleACReferenceDiff

SecondaryBushing|Current A SecondaryBushing|Current A

SecondaryBushing|Current B SecondaryBushing|Current B

SecondaryBushing|Current C SecondaryBushing|Current C

TertiaryBushing|C1% A TertiaryBushing|C1% A

TertiaryBushing|C1% B TertiaryBushing|C1% B

TertiaryBushing|C1% C TertiaryBushing|C1% C

TertiaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Level TertiaryBushing|C1% Polar Plot Level

TertiaryBushing|PF% A TertiaryBushing|PF% A

TertiaryBushing|PF% B TertiaryBushing|PF% B

TertiaryBushing|PF% C TertiaryBushing|PF% C

TertiaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Level TertiaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Level

TertiaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Angle TertiaryBushing|PF% Polar Plot Angle

TertiaryBushing|AngleABReferenceDiff TertiaryBushing|AngleABReferenceDiff

TertiaryBushing|AngleACReferenceDiff TertiaryBushing|AngleACReferenceDiff

TertiaryBushing|Current A TertiaryBushing|Current A

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 TertiaryBushing|Current B TertiaryBushing|Current B

TertiaryBushing|Current C TertiaryBushing|Current C

PD|PD Count Polar Plot Angle PD|PD Count Polar Plot Angle

PD|PD Count Polar Plot Level PD|PD Count Polar Plot Level

PD|PD Average Polar Plot Angle PD|PD Average Polar Plot Angle

PD|PD Average Polar Plot Level PD|PD Average Polar Plot Level

PD|PDI Polar Plot Angle PD|PDI Polar Plot Angle

PD|PDI Polar Plot Level PD|PDI Polar Plot Level

PD|PhaseA|Correlation PDi-RH PD|PhaseA|Correlation PDi-RH

PD|PhaseA|PD Count PD|PhaseA|PD Count

PD|PhaseA|PD Average Apparent Charge PD|PhaseA|PD Average Apparent Charge

PD|PhaseA|PDI PD|PhaseA|PDI

PD|PhaseB|Correlation PDi-RH PD|PhaseB|Correlation PDi-RH

PD|PhaseB|PD Count PD|PhaseB|PD Count

PD|PhaseB|PD Average Apparent Charge PD|PhaseB|PD Average Apparent Charge

PD|PhaseB|PDI PD|PhaseB|PDI

PD|PhaseC|Correlation PDi-RH PD|PhaseC|Correlation PDi-RH

PD|PhaseC|PD Count PD|PhaseC|PD Count

PD|PhaseC|PD Average Apparent Charge PD|PhaseC|PD Average Apparent Charge

PD|PhaseC|PDI PD|PhaseC|PDI

Parent Parent
This is used to maintain the parent-child hierarchy so that the asset can be created at the appropriate level. No
mapping is required.

An example hierarchy is as follows:

Area

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 Substation
Transformer1
Transfix 1.6
HydranM2
Transformer2
TAPTRANS
BMT300

Perception data exported to CSV format adheres to the following rules:

• The Parent header column against Transfix 1.6 and HydranM2 data rows will have the value
‘Transformer1’.
• The Parent header column against TAPTRANS and BMT 300 data rows will have the value
‘Transformer2’.
• The Transformer1 and Transformer2 data rows will have the value ‘Substation’ against their Parent
header column.
• The Substation data row will have the value ‘Area’ against its Parent header column.

Data imported from a CSV file follows a three-step process for each asset to ensure that the same asset
structure is maintained in the Asset Explorer. This is best explained as follows:

1. Perception first checks the Parent value of the asset. If the Parent node doesn’t already exist in the
database, Perception creates the Parent node and any associated child nodes in the hierarchy. If the
Parent value in the CSV file is empty, then any child nodes are created at the top level of the hierarchy
i.e. directly under the database node.
2. If the Parent node already exists in the database, then it checks the ‘equipnum’ and ‘serialnum’ fields. If
both the values match, then any child assets will be created under that parent. If any one of them
doesn’t match, then a new Parent node will be created with the corresponding child assets.
3. The same logic of step 2 also applies to any child assets. If any asset already exists i.e. there is a match
of the values ‘parent’, ‘equipnum’ and ‘serialnum’, then the data will be replaced for that asset on
import. Otherwise if any one of them doesn’t match, a new asset will be created.
Alarm Mappings
During import and export, alarms are treated as attributes of measurement points. Measurement points have
various attributes. The alarm-specific attributes are as follows:

[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | HighLimit (numeric)

[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | HighEnabled (boolean)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | HighHighLimit (numeric)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | HighHighEnabled (boolean)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | LowLimit (numeric)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | LowEnabled (boolean)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | LowLowLimit (numeric)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | LowLowEnabled (boolean)

[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | Formula (text)

[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | FormulaName (text)
[OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | UpperAlarmValue (numeric)
OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | LowerAlarmValue (numeric)
OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | UpperRatioAlarmEnabled (Boolean)
OilSource] | [MeasurementType] | LowerRatioAlarmEnabled (Boolean)

The attributes required vary according to the measurement point. For example, the alarm for the O2
measurement point is defined as follows:
OilSourceA | 02
(the measurement point)

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 OilSourceA | 02 | EngineeringUnits
(ppm for gases)
OilSourceA | 02 | HighLimit
(numeric value)
OilSourceA | O2 | HighEnabled
(boolean flag to mark the High limit enabled or disabled by setting as TRUE or FALSE)
GasRatioFormulaContainer | OilSourceA | FormulaInfo1 | Formula
(numeric formula)
GasRatioFormulaContainer | OilSourceA | FormulaInfo1 | FormulaName
(text value)
GasRatioFormulaContainer | OilSourceA | FormulaInfo1 | UpperAlarmValue
(numeric value)
GasRatioFormulaContainer | OilSourceA | FormulaInfo1 | UpperRatioAlarmEnabled
(boolean flag to mark the Upper limit enabled or disabled by setting as TRUE or FALSE)

OilSourceA|O2 OilSourceA|O2|EngineeringUnits OilSourceA|O2|HighLimit OilSourceA|O2|HighEnabled

15838 ppm 100 TRUE

GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo1|Formula
(H2+C2H4+C2H6+CH4)/(C2H4)

GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo1|FormulaName
Ratio 1

GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo1|UpperAlarmValue
15

GasRatioFormulaContainer|OilSourceA|FormulaInfo1|UpperRatioAlarmEnabled
TRUE

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 Appendix C Troubleshooting

Table C-1 lists several problems and resolutions.

Table C-1: Problems & Resolutions
Problem Resolution
Alarms not triggering for data Before importing, ensure that the AlarmStatus column in
imported from a CSV file? the CSV file is manually populated with the correct values. If
This happens because the you are uncertain about the values, then delete the entire
AlarmStatus column in the CSV file AlarmStatus column from the CSV file. During the import,
incorrectly defaults to zero. when the AlarmStatus column is found to be missing,
Perception regenerates that column with the correct
values.
Anti-Virus software or firewall blocks Perception-related executables may need to be added to
Perception-related executables. the host PC or corporate anti-virus and firewall software.
The following executables are launched from Perception:

C:\Program Files (x86)\KelmanDownload\

KelmanDownload.exe

C:\Program Files (x86)\GE Digital Energy\Perception 2.4.2\

TransconnectBootLoader.Exe
CefSharp.BrowserSubprocess.exe
MPDump.exe
Perception.Database.Upgrade.Tool.exe
Perception.Desktop.exe
Perception.Devices.Provider.Host.exe
Perception.Server.Configuration.Tool.exe
Perception.Server.exe
Transconnect.exe
Perception.Workflow.Designer.exe
C:\Program Files (x86)\GE Energy\BMT 330\BMT_330.exe

Failure to Connect to the Server Server certificate not trusted. See Section 2.4.1.1
Perception Service does not appear in This can be caused by several incorrect configurations.
Desktop Discovery wizard.
• Ensure IP Address or Hostname of Perception
Server is correct.
• If Perception Server is installed on a PC with
another OPC service, ensure that the UA Discovery
Server service is running. Verify in services.msc.
• Ensure the Perception Server Service is running,
check in services.msc.
• Ensure the SQL Service is running, check in
services.msc.
• Ensure the Kelman database is configured in the
Perception Server Config Tool.
• Ensure the Microsoft Distributed Transaction
Coordinator service (MS-DTC) has started on the
PC running the Perception Server. If it was not
running you may need to restart the Perception
Server and UA Local Discovery Server services after
starting.

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 • Ensure MS-DTC is configured correctly: Windows
Server 2008. See
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/817064
• Ensure the Perception Server and Discovery Server
certificates exist in the trusted certificate folder
and that they are configured correctly within the
services configuration files. To correct
configuration, run the Perception Server installer
and select the repair option.
Security parameters not appearing at Ensure the ports required by the Perception applications
the end of the Perception Server are not blocked by a firewall (ports 4840 & 62541).
discovery connection wizard.
The Gas Ratios 3D graph does not Ensure you have the latest drivers for your graphics card.
appear on the Gas Ratios workbook.
When you launch Perception Desktop Ensure you have the latest drivers for your graphics card.
the application or activation window
is blank.
Users are no longer able to log in even This can occur if a new server certificate has been created
though usernames and passwords on the Perception Server host. To correct the issue you
are correct. need to delete and re-add the users.
HydranM2: Exception raised when Intermittent issue. The workaround is to instead use the
configuring HM2 via Perception Setup Multihost software to configure the device.
While importing CSV files into a local This may be hardware performance related. Wait until the
KPD file, the browsing performance KPD import completes. This is not an issue using SQL
of Asset Explorer is slow. Server.
Perception Desktop Freezes when Delete the Perception folder located in:
you open a KPD database or try to %APPDATA%\GE_Energy
connect to Perception Server. Note: ‘%APPDATA%’ points to the ‘Roaming’ application
data folder
Connecting to Perception Server Intermittent issue. Close the 'The requested key container
Error - 'The requested key container was not found' error by clicking OK. Close the Perception
was not found'. Desktop application and reopen it.
Attempt connection to Perception Server again.
Perception installer failure – ‘An Perception installers will fail if the following Microsoft
internal error occurred’. Windows update is installed on the machine KB2918614.
This is a known Microsoft Windows update issue; the
update must be removed in order to install Perception
successfully.
Trouble importing CSV data in Non- If the decimal and list separator symbols used in the CSV
English windows environment. file to be imported into Perception Desktop do not match
the environment variables set in Microsoft Windows, the
import of the data into Perception will fail. Either the CSV
file must be updated with the correct symbols or the
environment variables should be changed to match the CSV
file.
Perception Desktop certificates error Intermittent issue. Perception Desktop installer fails to
– ‘Perception Desktop certificate create certificates or certificate assignments can be missing
missing, reinstall/repair setup to after a Perception Desktop upgrade is performed.
connect’ reinstall/repair does not To resolve this issue (Windows 7):
correct error. 1. Browse to C:\ProgramData\
2. Delete the 'OPC Foundation' folder
3. Browse to C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
(on x64 OS)
4. Delete the 'OPC Foundation' folder
5. Browse to C:\Program Files\Common Files (on x86
OS)
6. Delete the 'OPC Foundation' folder

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 7. Uninstall Perception Desktop
8. Re-install Perception Desktop
Unexpected or empty wallboards Clear wallboards cache – folder located in: C:\Documents
and Settings\<User>\Local Settings\Temp\Wallboard,
where <User> stands for a user logged in to the Windows
system
When attempting to download from The MS 3000 is configured for HTTPS communication, but
an MS 3000 device, the following downloading data from the device requires a valid
message appears in the Response certificate to be added. See Appendix G: MS 3000: HTTPS &
field: ”The remote certificate is Self-signed Certificates.
invalid according to the validation
procedure”.

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 Appendix D PGA Diagnostic Error codes and Status Flags

The Data Table tooltip, an example of which is shown below, includes a Diagnostic row
that lists PGA diagnostic information. E.g. PGA;0,0,6. The syntax for the PGA entry is:
PGA;[errorState],[errorCodes],[flagNumber]

Figure D-1: PGA diagnostic information

Note: Perception displays the flag number in decimal, but this must be converted to
binary in order to draw comparison with the bitmap outlined in Table D-3. E.g. a
decimal status flag of 6 in the above example equates to binary
0000000000000110. Using Table D-3, this would indicate that the PPM values
are valid and that it is the first measurement after a reset.
Table D-1 lists all Transfix-family PGA Diagnostic Error Codes.

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 Table D-1: Transfix-family PGA Error codes
Error Codes Description
(32-bit field)
bit 0 1 = Missing mains input (obsoleted)
bit 1 1 = PGA power supply voltage too low
bit 2 1 = PGA chopper frequency outside range
bit 3 1 = PGA IR-source outside range
bit 4 1 = Gas flow lower than limit
bit 5 1 = Background noise/vibration too high
bit 6 1 = Microphone test failed
bit 7 1 = Not Levelsensor1 pulses (level)
bit 8 1 = Not Levelsensor3 (drain)
bit 9 1 = Fill level shows oil
bit 10 1 = Over Fill level shows Oil
bit 11 1 = PGA Air temperature outside limits
bit 12 1 = Bad communication with control PCB
bit 13 1 = Gas leak test: Pump pressure too low
bit 14 1 = Gas leak test: Pressure decay too high
bit 15 1 = Unusual ambient gas measurements
bit 16 1 = Oil temperature too low
bit 17 1 = Oil temperature too high
bit 18 1 = Oil pressure too low
bit 19 1 = Oil pressure too high
bit 20 1 = Oil pump tacho count too high
bit 21 1 = Oil pump pressure too low
bit 22 1 = Oil pump speed out of range
bit 23 1 = Manual oil sampling switch
bit 24 1 = Oil pump tacho count too low
bit 25 1 = Oil pump not turning
bit 26 {not used/defined}
bit 27 1 = Temperature Sensor(s) 1 disconnected
bit 28 1 = Temperature Sensor(s) 2 disconnected
bit 29 1 = Drain level shows oil
bit 30 1 = Conditioned oil temp. outside limits
bit 31 {not used/defined}

Table D-2 lists all MINITRANS PGA Diagnostic Error Codes.

Table D-2: MINITRANS PGA Error codes
Error Codes Description
(32-bit field)
bit 0 1 = Missing mains input (obsoleted)
bit 1 1 = PGA power supply voltage too low
bit 2 1 = PGA chopper frequency outside range
bit 3 1 = PGA IR-source outside range
bit 4 1 = Gas flow lower than limit
bit 5 1 = Background noise/vibration too high
bit 6 1 = Microphone test failed
bit 7 1 = Not Levelsensor1 pulses (level)
bit 8 1 = Not Levelsensor3 (drain)
bit 9 1 = Levelsensor1 (level)

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 bit 10 1 = Levelsensor2 (level alert)
bit 11 1 = PGA Air temperature outside limits
bit 12 1 = Bad communication with control PCB
bit 13 1 = Gas leak test: Pump pressure too low
bit 14 1 = Gas leak test: Pressure decay too high
bit 15 1 = Unusual ambient gas measurements
bit 16 1 = Oil temperature too low
bit 17 1 = Oil temperature too high
bit 18 1 = Oil pressure too low
bit 19 1 = Oil pressure too high
bit 20 1 = Oil pump tacho count too high
bit 21 1 = Oil pump pressure too low
bit 22 1 = Oil pump speed out of range
bit 23 1 = Manual oil sampling switch
bit 24 1 = Oil pump tacho count too low
bit 25 {not used/defined}
bit 26 1 = 5 V supply below 4.5 V
bit 27 1 = Temperature Sensor(s) 1 disconnected
bit 28 1 = Temperature Sensor(s) 2 disconnected
bit 29 1 = Drain level shows oil
bit 30 {not used/defined}
bit 31 {not used/defined}

Table D-3 lists all PGA Status Flags.

Table D-3: PGA Status flags
Status Flag Description
(bit field)
bit 0 1 = ESHL Valid
bit 1 1 = PPM values valid
bit 2 1 = First measurement after reset
bit 3 1 = Sampling Skipped
bit 4 1 = Error checking disabled
bit 5 1 = Nitrogen Valid
bit 6 1 = TDG Valid
bit 7 1 = Oil Switch failed
bit 8 1 = Spurious alarm suspected
bit 9 1 = Manual Sample
bit 10 1 = Measurement Manually Stopped
bit 11 1 = Weak NHC Indication
bit 12 1 = Strong NHC Indication
bit 13 1 = Measured with PreSens sensor
bit 14 1 = External Alarm ON
bit 15 1 = TDH Valid

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 Appendix E Model Descriptions

E.1 Japanese ETRA Models

Reference source: “Latest Diagnostic Methods of Gas-in-oil Analysis for Oil-filled
Transformer in Japan; Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Dielectric Liquids
(ICDL ’99), Nara Japan 20-25th July 1999.”
An extract of the summary and introduction are reproduced below:
DGA is one of the most widely used diagnostic techniques for detecting and evaluating
types of faults in a transformer. The first edition of "Supervision and Maintenance by
DGA” standardized by the ETRA in 1980, has been widely used for oil filled transformers
in Japan. The standard, however, lacked diagnoses for some cases and had no detection
limits nor precision requirements for DGA. Therefore, the ETRA started to investigate the
actual status of conventional diagnosis by DGA in Japan and overseas. Also, DGA data
have been investigated on about 1300 operating transformers which are now in service
including some which have experienced inner faults. As a result, a new "Supervision and
Maintenance by DGA" which is the second edition was released in February 1999. This
paper summarizes that standard.
Regarding gas analysis methods in oil which are used presently in Japan, torricelli,
toepler pump, vacuum piston and stripping methods are used for the extraction of
dissolved gases in oil and gas chromatography is used for analysis of the extracted gases.
Review of the analysis sensitivity of each gas in 12 laboratories showed the detection
and determination limits had some scattering among the laboratories. By considering
the detection limits that were standardized in IEC 567 (1992) and the determination
limits which are necessary to improve the precision of present diagnoses by DGA, the
detection limit was defined as 3 times the noise level and the determination limit was
defined as 5 times the detection limits. The repeatability and reproducibility were
evaluated by the Round Robin Test with the three gas-in-oil-standard samples and the
sample oils taken from transformers in service. By using the evaluation formula of
repeatability which was prescribed by IEC 567 (1992) and the detection limit, it was
found that the repeatability for each gas at each laboratory satisfied the evaluation
formula at a 93.9% probability. It was found that the repeatability and reproducibility of
the stripping method were better than those of the other extraction methods.
The paper then defines some new gas correlations that have prognostic utility.

E.2 Multi-Host Models

Reference source: GE Multi-Host Manual, part# 18415
E.2.1 Dynamic Loading Model
The purpose of this model is to provide the transformer owner and operator with a
continuous estimation of the capacity of the transformer (and its associated
components) to continue safe operation under overloading conditions. Starting with
current conditions of oil temperature and ambient temperature and using a steady load
of a given magnitude, the model computes how long this load can be carried until a limit

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 condition is reached. The implementation of this model in the Hydran M2 with Models
and Intellix MO150 Devices is also known as ‘Time vs Steady Load.’
The model’s Device Provider setup offers two choices for the Ambient Air Temperature
and Top Oil Temperature — either to use manual input values or sensor-measured
values. Manual input values are useful for simulation purposes and are used only in the
calculations of the model. The device will still always gather sensor-measured values and
render these in all other areas of the software where these values are used e.g. data
view charts and dashboards. This feature is available only for the MO150 device with
firmware version 3.06 or higher.
This model is intended for short-duration overloads, as when a parallel transformer is
removed from service for maintenance for a few hours or less. Model computations are
made with the assumption that the transformer is operating on the top-cooling mode.
Computations of the top oil and winding temperatures are carried out according to
Section 7.2 of IEEE C57.91-1995, Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Transformers.
A similar calculation method is described in Section 8.2.2 of IEC 60076-7, Loading Guide
for Oil-Immersed Power Transformers.
Calculation starts with a load of 1.1 p.u. and actual values for Ambient Temperature and
Top Oil Temperature (from sensors). The ambient temperature is assumed to remain
constant for the period of overload being considered. The actual top oil temperature will
be used as a starting point for oil temperature calculation at each load level. Calculations
are done with this load level (1.1 p.u.) and with a time increment of 0.1 hour (6 minutes)
until one of the Limiting Factors (or Overload Limit) is exceeded or when the acceptable
duration exceeds 12 hours (720 minutes). The calculation is then repeated with a load of
1.2 p.u. and the acceptable duration is determined (less or equal to 720 minutes) again
along with the Limiting Factor that was first reached. This calculation is repeated until a
load of 2.0 p.u. is reached.
For each Load level, the time duration to reach the limit is recorded along with the
Limiting Factor that was first reached. If the 12 hours (720 minutes) were reached but no
Limiting Factor was exceeded, the Limiting Factor is shown as “Duration.” If the Hydran
M2 with Models and Intellix MO150 Devices are working in the on-line mode of
operation, then the computation is repeated every 10 minutes using the actual sensor
values. If the Hydran M2 with Models and Intellix MO150 Devices are working in the off-
line mode of operation, then the output screen reflects the values computed during the
last on-line operation.
E.2.2 Insulation Ageing Model
Winding insulation is made of oil-impregnated cellulose material. In order to properly
fulfil its function, this material must have a certain mechanical strength and flexibility.
These properties depend on the length of the cellulose chain constituent of the paper
and pressboard. With time and temperature, these long polymer chains break down into
shorter segments, a process called depolymerisation. The practical effect is that the
paper loses its flexibility and tensile strength to become a brittle material. The winding is
continuously submitted to clamping forces and vibrations. Moreover, during short-circuit
on the system, these forces are increased tremendously and if the insulating paper is too
brittle, it may rupture under the pressure and create a weak point in the insulation that

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 will later allow flashover between adjacent turns when a voltage surge occurs on the
transformer.
This insulation aging process is irreversible. It is also the main factor determining the
transformer’s end of life. The rate of aging of cellulose insulation material is a function of
the following factors:
▪ Insulation temperature at the hot spot: The effect of temperature is the most
important, as described in the IEEE and IEC Loading Guides. The effect of temperature
on aging is a function of the type of paper. It is therefore important to state in the
configuration page the type of paper used for winding insulation.
▪ Water content in the winding insulation paper: It is assumed that the aging
acceleration factor is directly proportional to the water content with 0.5 % as
reference value for dry paper. The water content in winding insulation is computed in
the Moisture Content in Insulating Barrier model. The effect is more severe on normal
Kraft paper than on thermally-upgraded paper and it can be practically neglected on
Aramid paper.
▪ Oxygen content of the insulating oil: This oxygen content can be inferred from the
type of oil preservation system. The IEEE Loading Guide recommends using an aging
acceleration factor of 2.5 for free-breathing conservators while the sealed-type
transformers and those with a membrane in the conservator are practically oxygen-
free.
The following Model Output Text Parameters are displayed in the Insulation Ageing
Model:
▪ Thermal Aging Acceleration Factor: It considers only the hot-spot current
temperature.
▪ Moisture Aging Acceleration Factor: It considers only the effect of moisture in paper.
▪ Global Aging Acceleration Factor: This is the actual aging rate or aging acceleration
factor, considering the cumulated effect of temperature, moisture and oxygen in oil.
▪ Cumulative Aging: This field indicates the aging cumulated since the commissioning of
the system, adding the “Previous Aging” if this value was configured on the Insulation
Aging Model configuration page. The value is expressed in days of operation at rated
temperature; for instance, a transformer with thermally upgraded paper operating 24
hours at 117 °C will undergo 2 days of “normal aging at rated temperature.”
▪ Service Time: This field indicates the number of days the transformer has been in
service since the commissioning of the system, adding the “Previous Service Time” if
this value has been configured.
E.2.3 Moisture and Bubbling Model
The moisture content of the oil and the solid insulation is a serious concern for power
transformers, especially for aging units. Extensive drying procedures are applied at the
manufacturing stage and sustained efforts are deployed in service to maintain a high
level of dryness. However, with time, water can penetrate through various paths such as
the air breather and leaky gaskets. Aging of cellulose also releases some water. Moisture
tends to accumulate in the solid insulation and leads to several detrimental
consequences, namely:
▪ Acceleration of insulation aging.
▪ Risk of water vapour bubbles being released from the winding insulation.

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 ▪ Reductions of dielectric strength of insulating barriers.
▪ Risk of water condensation in transformer oil at low temperatures.
Moisture content assessment is too often derived from a single oil sample submitted to
a Karl Fischer test in laboratory. This is a valid approach for oil evaluation but it does not
allow evaluation of the moisture content in the solid insulation as the rate of water
exchange between the oil and the paper has to be considered. On-line monitoring of
moisture in oil allows the integration of temperature variations and the computation of a
dependable value for moisture content in the various components of the solid insulation
system, even if they are at different temperatures and characterized by different
diffusion rates.
The most critical part of the winding insulation is the top of the winding that operates at
the hot-spot temperature. This is the area where the aging is most severe, and the effect
of the water content can be computed. The determination of the critical temperature for
bubble evolution takes into account the atmospheric pressure, the oil pressure above
the hot-spot area, and the amount of gas dissolved in the oil.
The moisture sensor continuously monitors the oil’s temperature and relative moisture
saturation at the sensor location. A filtering is applied to remove the effect of cyclic
heating created by the sensor to ensure oil circulation. This filtered value is used to
calculate the absolute value of the water content in the oil, the temperature of water
condensation, and the relative saturation at the reference temperature.
Since the oil and winding temperature varies continuously, this moving target is used
with an integrating algorithm taking into account the diffusion time constant and the
temperature. The calculated value of the water content in the winding insulation allows
prediction of the bubbling temperature. It is also used in the Insulation Aging model
(described above).
E.2.4 Apparent Power Model (MVA)
The primary function of this model is to continuously monitor the load carried by the
transformer in MVA (Mega Volt-Amperes). The Apparent Power can be computed on the
primary, secondary, and tertiary windings, depending on the input configuration. The
historic maximum MVA value is retained with a time stamp and can be reset.
The current signal is a mandatory input, whereas the voltage signal is configured as a
fixed value. Since voltage variations occurring in service and tap changer operations are
not taken into consideration, the MVA is an approximate reading, and used only for
display purposes.
The model’s Device Provider setup offers two choices for the Apparent Power model
computations — either to use manual input values or sensor-measured values. The
former requires the user to assign three new types to the output models of an Analog
input:
▪ Rated Voltage on HV side
▪ Rated Voltage on LV side
▪ Rated Voltage on tertiary side
When a new measurement sensor for voltage output is assigned to an Analog input, the
Apparent power model is calculated based on this measured voltage instead of the one

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 manually configured on the device, and displayed in the appropriate worksheets in
Perception.
Manual input values are useful for simulation purposes and are used only in the
calculations of the model. The device will still always gather sensor-measured values and
render these in all other areas of the software where these values are used e.g. data
view charts and dashboards. This feature is available only for the MO150 device with
firmware version 3.06.
E.2.5 Winding Hot-Spot Temperature Model (WHST)
The rating of a transformer is closely linked to the winding temperature as it governs the
insulation aging rate and bubbling release threshold (both estimated by other models
described above). This winding temperature can also raise an alarm if excessively high
values occur. In the industry standards, the winding temperature limit is defined as a
temperature rise above the ambient air temperature. The cooling system is designed to
ensure that at full load, the average winding temperature rise does not exceed the
industry-accepted value (usually 65 °C).
However, it is not the average winding temperature that is of most interest but rather
the temperature in the hottest area (the ‘hot-spot temperature’). This temperature
cannot be measured directly as it is not possible to insert thermocouples in a winding
that is to be put in service. It is possible to use fibre optic temperature sensors that do
not interfere with dielectric strength, but this procedure is costly and is usually limited to
the validation of the manufacturer calculation methods. Therefore the traditional
method was to use a Winding Temperature Indicator to fulfil that function.
A more accurate and reliable evaluation of the hot-spot temperature can be provided,
using the equations provided in the IEEE and IEC Loading Guides:
▪ IEEE C57.91 - 1995, IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Transformers
▪ IEC 60076-7 - 2005, Power Transformers - Part 7: Loading Guide for Oil-Immersed
Power Transformers
In the computation methods described in these Loading Guides, a key value is the
temperature difference between the winding hot-spot and the top oil at rated
conditions. This value is normally provided by the transformer manufacturer after
suitable validation of their computation method. In the Winding Hot-Spot Temperature
model, this rated value is corrected to account for actual load current and winding
thermal time constant. The computed hot-spot temperature rise is then added to the
measured top oil temperature to provide the actual winding hottest-spot temperature.
The winding hot-spot temperature is computed separately for each winding. The highest
value of winding hot-spot temperature is identified and used to raise an alarm signal on
the transformer. The hottest winding might not always be the same, depending on the
load on the tertiary winding and on the position of the tap changer.
For autotransformers, the winding hot-spot temperature is calculated for the series
winding (H), the common winding (C) and the tertiary winding (Y). The current in the
common winding is calculated by subtracting the secondary load current minus the
primary load current.

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E.2.6 Cooling Status
This model allows identification of the cooling stage currently in service. The cooling
bank refers to the cooling device. A transformer can have several sets of fans and each
one will be supplied by a feeder where the current can be measured. Information
concerning the status of each cooling device (oil pumps, water pumps, fans) can be
provided from several sources. The most common is a set of digital inputs giving the
status (ON / OFF) of the relay supplying the cooling device. This information is adequate
to allow determination of the cooling stage and the cumulative operating time for each
device. A measurement of the current consumption by each cooling device can also be
provided by AC RMS sensors or DC analog sensors. If this is the case, additional
information can be developed such as detection of inoperative fans or bearing gripping.
The digital indication of cooling bank status is to be used as the prime source of
information. For determination of cooling bank status, cooling bank feeder current is to
be used only if no digital information is available. The digital indication of cooling bank
status is to be used as prime source of information. For determination of cooling bank
status, cooling bank feeder current is to be used only if no digital information is available.
E.2.7 Cooling Efficiency
This model computes the top oil temperature that should be expected considering the
load current, the ambient temperature, the cooling mode, the oil time constant and the
altitude.
The calculated value is then compared with the measured value and an alarm is raised if
the transformer is found to be overheating. This calculation is used to detect
obstructions, such as dirt on the coolers, which could be a limiting factor when the
transformer is required to operate at full load or under overload conditions.
During the initial model computation, the measured values of top oil temperature and
ambient temperature are used to provide a starting point for the calculated value of top
oil temperature rise. From then on, the calculated temperature at the end of the time
interval is used as the initial temperature for the next time interval. This calculation is
run with load current in the H winding only. The rated current for each cooling stage is
calculated from the rated power on each stage and the rated current on the top cooling
stage. The ultimate temperature rise and the current temperature rise are calculated
considering the actual cooling stage and the actual oil time constant. This value is added
to the ambient temperature to provide a calculated top oil temperature. This value is
subtracted from the measured top oil temperature and the difference is averaged over a
configurable period. An alarm is raised when the difference exceeds a configured value
for a period of time that is also configurable. The model can accommodate a transformer
with one, two or three cooling stages.
E.2.8 OLTC Tap Position
Tap changer driving mechanisms are always provided with a visual tap position indicator
and a counter indicating the total number of operations. This model provides additional
information that is useful to monitor the proper operation of this critical unit, such as:
▪ The cumulative number of operations at each tap since commissioning
▪ Resettable variables for operation and maintenance counts

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 ▪ Warnings for excessive number of operations over a certain period
▪ The time spent since the last operation of the reversing switch
▪ A warning to avoid contact cooking because of insufficient operation
A position transducer, driven by the visual indicator shaft (also called Geneva shaft),
provides a 4–20 mA signal that is proportional to the tap changer mechanical position.
The multi position switch can be equipped with jumpers (instead of resistors) in the
“through positions” where the tap position indicator stays only momentarily during
operation of the reversing switch. In this case, the potentiometer provides an indication
of the electric position of the tap changer. When the tap changer operates, the signal
should remain steady, until it changes to a new value without falling to zero.
It is assumed that the Geneva shaft rotates by a fixed value for each step on the
transducer. The signal from the Geneva shaft position transducer is read at regular
intervals and is analyzed to determine the actual position of the visual position indicator.
The position generated may refer to the mechanical position of the Geneva gear or the
electrical position. In the first case, the mechanical position is converted into the
electrical position considering the number of through positions specific to this tap
changer when it moves to the neutral position.
The number of operations on each tap position is presented by histograms using the tap
position denomination configured. The system provides three separate registers to
record the number of operations carried out by the tap changer:
▪ The Permanent Tap Position Transition Count is intended to sum all operations since
the commissioning of the system. However, if the monitoring system is moved to a
different transformer, the System Administrator can reset this value to zero. This
counter provides the number of operations on each tap position, the total number of
operations, and the date when the system was put in service. The total number of
operations performed prior to the commissioning of the system can also be taken
into account.
▪ The Operator Tap Position Transition Count can be reset by the Operator when there
is a need to check the number of operations in one day, or several days, in order to
demonstrate that the tap changer control unit is operating properly. This counter
provides the number of operations on each tap position, the maximum and minimum
positions visited by the tap changer since the last reset, and the date of the last reset.
▪ The Maintenance Tap Position Transition Count is used by maintenance personnel to
assess the need for maintenance and to plan maintenance schedules. It is typically
reset every three or four years when an inspection activity is performed on the unit.
This counter provides the number of operations on each tap position, the maximum
and minimum positions visited by the tap changer since the last reset, and the date of
the last reset.
E.2.9 OLTC Differential Temperature
The On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) Temperature Differential model continuously
compares the top oil temperature in the main tank with the tap changer compartment
temperature. Monitoring of the tap changer temperature is a recognized method of
detecting abnormal operating conditions in the tap changer. This monitoring method is
intended for tap changers mounted on a separate compartment on the transformer
tank. The tap changer temperature is normally lower than the main tank temperature

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 because no heat source is expected in the tap changer. If the tap changer temperature
rises above the main tank temperature, it is indicative of an overheating contact.
The temperature difference is calculated by subtracting the tap changer temperature
minus the main tank temperature, thus yielding a negative value. This method allows to
set the alarm on a positive threshold value rather than a negative value. This
temperature difference is averaged with a low-pass filter to eliminate normal variations
arising from sunshine and wind.
A short-term averaged value is generated with a configurable filtering factor typically set
at 60 minutes. This short-term average is intended to detect severe heat sources such as
resistor overheating when the mechanical links break while the switches are between
two contacts.
A long-term averaged value is generated with a configurable filtering factor typically set
at 7 days. This long-term average is intended to detect slow-evolving thermal problems
such as contact overheating. The measured temperature difference is averaged over a
round number of days to filter out the daily temperature variations.
E.2.10 Temperature Model
The Temperature Model is specific to the Hydran M2. It displays a trend for the
temperature readings taken for the thermal sensors supported on the Hydran M2.
The following values are displayed:
▪ Tank #1 %RH Sensor Temperature °C (Relative Humidity)
▪ Sensor #1 Heater Power in %
▪ Top Oil Temperature °C
▪ Tank #1 %RH Sensor Temperature °C Hourly Average (Relative Humidity)
▪ Sensor #1 Hydran Sensor Temperature °C
▪ Sensor #1 Base Plate Temperature °C
E.2.11 Hydran Reading
The Hydran Reading worksheet is specific to the Hydran M2. It displays the Hydran gas
level readings taken from the device as well as the Hydran Sensor Temperature.
The gas levels are displayed as actual level in PPM, Hourly Trend in PPM and Daily Trend
in PPM.
The Hydran Sensor Temperature is displayed in Degrees Celsius.
E.2.12 Transformer Status Model
The Transformer Status Model is specific to the Intellix MO150. It combines information
from other models calculations into one worksheet.
The following information is displayed:
▪ Top Oil Temperature °C
▪ Ambient Temperature °C
▪ Tank #1 %RH Level (Relative Humidity)
▪ Tank #1 Hydran Level

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 ▪ Tank #1 H2O PPM Hourly Average
▪ Highest Winding Hot Spot Temperature °C
▪ Highest (P.U) (Per unit load on the most loaded winding)
▪ % Moisture Content In Winding Paper
▪ % Moisture Content in Insulating Barrier
E.2.13 Cooling Control

The transformer manufacturer usually provides a control system that offers several
basic features that are not duplicated by this model and need to be maintained:
▪ Individual thermal protection on each motor
▪ Electrical protection as specified by local electrical code
▪ Manual interruption of power to allow for maintenance activity (removal and
replacement of a fan)
▪ Temporization system to avoid the starting of two cooling banks simultaneously,
especially if the Device monitoring system experiences a power failure
However, taking advantage of a monitoring system to improve the performance of the
cooling system extends the useful life of the transformer while reducing maintenance
costs. Beyond the basic features provided by the transformer manufacturer control
system, this model provides the following functions:
▪ Beside input from top oil and winding temperature, it is now possible to link cooler
initiation to the load current, thus providing an earlier start when a sudden overload
occurs.
▪ The transformer rating can be adjusted to the ambient temperature to have a more
consistent cooler operation. For example, in winter, cooling stages 1 and 2 start at
ahigher current.
▪ The transformer rating can also be adjusted to the altitude. At higher altitude, the
ratedcurrent is reduced to account for reduced air density, therefore the cooling
system should be started at lower load current.
▪ For transformers with two cooling banks, a duty-sharing function can be initiated.
Many users prefer to alternate the usage of cooling banks to equalize the wear on
bearings and extend the period between fan motor maintenance.
▪ The cumulative operating time is computed for each cooling bank.
▪ A temporization function is included to avoid the two cooling banks from starting at
the same time.
▪ The current drawn by the two cooling banks is monitored with two dedicated analog
inputs. These values can be used to detect cooling bank status if no digital input is
available for this purpose.
▪ A cooler exercising routine can be used to run the units for a few minutes every week.
▪ Continuous measurement of cooling bank current is also used to detect malfunction
when the current is significantly below or significantly above the rated values.
▪ A cooling discrepancy function will raise an alarm whenever the cooling status of one
cooling bank is not reflecting the cooling control instruction that was issued.

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 The Cooling Control model is intended for transformers that have two or three ratings
related to specific cooling modes. The lowest rating is defined as “cooling stage 0”, and it
usually applies to the natural cooling of the transformer tank without any fan or pump. In
other words, this mode is not controlled by the cooling control system. Some
transformers (such as indoor generating units) have only one cooling mode, so that
whenever the transformer is energized, the full cooling is automatically initiated. These
units are treated as having only cooling stage 0, and several of the control features
described below are not applicable.

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 Appendix F Offline DGA & Oil Quality Workflow

Perception Fleet deploys the Offline DGA & Oil Quality workflow to evaluate transformer
risk. The workflow evaluates DGA data including moisture and additional oil properties
from laboratory analysis results to calculate the risk index for a transformer.

F.1 Implement the offline risk workflow

Follow these steps to implement the offline risk workflow in Perception Desktop.
Note: Perception Server and Perception Workflow Designer must be installed.
F.1.1 Prepare a CSV file with offline measurements data
Use an editor to create or modify a CSV file with the necessary offline measurements
data. The available parameters are listed in Table F-1.
Specify the list of parameters, populate them with values and save the file. Note: A
sample CSV file called “Offline_Oil_Analysis_Example.csv” is located on the installation
CD in the “Example Files” folder.
Table F-1: CSV fields
Mandatory fields Comment
equipnum TransformerID
serialnum
apprtype Always set to TRN
tank Name of the compartment e.g. ‘MAIN’ in
‘Offline_Oil_Analysis_Example.csv’ associated with the
Offline Oil Quality measurements.
sampledate Sample timestamp
Oil property fields Comment
visual Standardized oil appearance remarks
color Fluid color index
iec156 Dielectric breakdown - IEC 156
fq_water Moisture concentration
acidnum Acid number
tan_delta Fluid dissipation factor
resistivity Resistivity at 90 C (gigohm-meters)
inhibitor Oxidation inhibitor concentration
ift Interfacial tension (IFT)
totalpcb Total PCB concentration
d1275a, d1275b Corrosive sulfur test result
passivator Passivator concentration
d1816_1, d1816_2 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage VDE electrode-1mm and
-2mm
pf25 Fluid Power Factor at 25 C
pf100 Fluid Power Factor at 100 C
totalfuran Total furans
resistivity_20 Resistivity at 20 C (gigohm-meters)
sludge Sediment and sludge, %
h2 Hydrogen concentration in PPM

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 ch4 Methane concentration in PPM
c2h6 Ethane concentration in PPM
c2h4 Ethylene concentration in PPM
c2h2 Acetylene concentration in PPM
co Carbon Monoxide concentration in PPM
co2 Carbon Dioxide concentration in PPM
Standard TOA4 field names are also supported. See Appendix F.2 for more details on
supported parameters.
F.1.2 Run the workflow
Use Perception Desktop to run the workflow.
Start Perception Desktop.
Connect to the Perception Server.
Select Actions > Import > Import File and choose the CSV file created previously.
A transformer instance appears in the asset tree using the CSV field value from
"equipnum".
Select the transformer instance and then select the Properties tab.
In the Main Transformer Details section, complete the following as shown in Figure
F-1 (see Appendix F.2 for configuration details):
➢ Rated Voltage Max (kv)
➢ Inhibited (check or uncheck)

Figure F-1: Main Transformer Details

In the Workflow Associations section, complete the following as shown in Figure F-2
(see Appendix F.2 for configuration details):
➢ In the Offline Algorithm Standard, select either IEC or IEEE.
➢ In the ‘Workflows’ dropdown, select Offline DGA and Oil Quality.

Figure F-2: Workflow Associations

Select Tools > Workflow Scheduler, select Enabled and specify the period.

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 ➢ An asterisk (*) in each time field signifies workflow calculation on a minute-by-minute
basis.
Wait the specified workflow calculation period e.g. 1 minute.
Select the transformer instance and then select the Dashboard tab.
Select the Ranking Graph.
➢ The Risk Index and status message display.
In the Asset Explorer, select the Ranking tab and rest the mouse pointer over a
transformer.
➢ A popup displays with the Risk Score.
F.2 Offline risk workflow configuration
The following data is required for offline oil quality:
▪ Transformer voltage class
▪ Standard for oil quality tests: IEC or IEEE
▪ Oil type: inhibited or uninhibited
The voltage class is configured using the ‘Rated Voltage Max. (kV)’ property.
The IEC standard defines 4 classes as follows:
▪ O (RV > 400 kV)
▪ A (170 kV < RV <= 400 kV)
▪ B (72.5 kV < RV <= 170 kV) and
▪ C (RV <= 72.5 kV)
The IEEE standard doesn't define literal values and differentiates classes as follows:
▪ >=230kV
▪ >69kV - <230kV
▪ <=69kV
F.2.1 IEC Oil Quality Configuration Parameters
F.2.1.1 Fluid Color Index
ISO 2049 & ASTM D1500 specifies a method for the visual determination of the colour of
a variety of petroleum products.

Name Color

Type Float

Units 0-8

Standard ISO 2049

F.2.1.2 Standardized Oil Appearance Remarks

A method of visually inspecting the appearance of the oil and categorising it as either
‘Dark’ or ‘Clear’.

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 Name Visual

Type Text(30)

Units -

Standard -

F.2.1.3 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage

IEC 60156 specifies the method for determining the dielectric breakdown voltage of
insulating liquids at power frequency.

Name iec156
Type float

Units kV

Standard IEC60156

F.2.1.4 Moisture Concentration

IEC 60814 describes methods for the determination of water in insulating liquids and in
oil-impregnated cellulosic insulation with coulometrically generated Karl Fischer
reagent.

Name fq_water
Type float
Units ppm

Standard IEC60814

F.2.1.5 Acid Number (acidity)

IEC 62021-1 & 2 describes the procedure for the determination of the acidity of unused
and used electrical mineral insulating oils.

Name acidnum
Type float
Units mg KOH/g
Standard IEC 62021-1
Or
IEC 62021-2

F.2.1.6 Fluid Dissipation Factor (tan delta)

IEC 60247 describes methods for the determination of the dielectric dissipation factor
(tan δ), relative permittivity and d.c. resistivity of any insulating liquid material at the test
temperature.

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 Name tan_delta

Type float

Units %

Standard IEC 60247

F.2.1.7 Resistivity at 20 °C
Describes methods for the determination of the dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ),
relative permittivity and d.c. resistivity of any insulating liquid material at the test
temperature of 20 °C.

Name resistivity_20

Type float
Units Gohm-m
Standard IEC 60247

F.2.1.8 Resistivity at 90 °C
Describes methods for the determination of the dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ),
relative permittivity and d.c. resistivity of any insulating liquid material at the test
temperature of 90 °C.

Name resistivity

Type float

Units Gohm-m

Standard IEC 60247

F.2.1.9 Oxidation Inhibitor Concentration

IEC 60666 specifies the concentration of the oxidation inhibitor for the detection and
determination of specified additives in unused and used mineral insulating oils.

Name inhibitor

Type float

Units %

Standard IEC 60666

An Inhibitor value can be added at any time. However, Perception doesn’t automatically
update the initial concentration value — this must be done manually by the user via the
Transformer Properties as shown in Figure F-3.

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 Figure F-3: Inhibitor Concentration

An offline measurement of the inhibitor concentration should reveal a drop from the
initial inhibitor concentration. The user should calculate the percentage drop and record
this percentage value in the Inhibitor field of the CSV file. Perception calculates the risk
for the inhibitor component based on the rate of change from the initial concentration.
If the initial inhibitor concentration is unknown, the user can specify the volume and
then click Default to generate a reference point value (based on 0.3% of the oil volume).
F.2.1.10 Sediment and Sludge
Annex C of IEC 60422 describes a test method for the determination of sediment and
sludge.
Name sludge
Type float
Units %
Standard Annex C of IEC 60422
F.2.1.11 Interfacial Tension (IFT)
ASTM D971 describes the measurement of the interfacial tension between mineral oil
and water, under non-equilibrium conditions.
Name ift
Type float
Units mN/m
Standard ASTM D971, EN 14210
Note: Risk is calculated in different ways for inhibited and uninhibited oil.
F.2.1.12 Total PCB Concentration
IEC 61619 specifies a method for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)
concentration in non-halogenated insulating liquids by high-resolution capillary column
gas chromatography using an electron capture detector (ECD).

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 Name totalpcb

Type float

Units ppm

Standard IEC 61619

Note: This parameter is specified in ppm (mg/kg) and recorded in the CSV file. The
default value is 50 and is compared to the Total PCB Limit transformer property
as shown in Figure F-4. Excluding a value (or any value less than 50) means the
parameter does not factor in risk calculations.

Figure F-4: Total PCB concentration

F.2.1.13 Corrosive Sulfur Test Result

IEC 62535 specifies a test method for the detection of potentially corrosive sulfur in used
and unused mineral insulating oil.

Name d1275a, d1275b

Type text(30)

Units -

Standard IEC 62535

F.2.1.14 Passivator
IEC 60666 specifies the detection and determination of additives in unused and used
mineral insulating oils. Annex B specifically defines the analysis method for
determination of passivators in mineral oils by high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC)

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 Name passivator

Type float

Units ppm

Standard IEC 60666-2010 annex B

If a passivator is added to the oil, the Passivator value should be modified accordingly.
However, Perception doesn’t automatically update the Passivator value — this must be
manually performed by the user via the CSV file.
F.2.1.15 Total Furans
IEC 61198 specifies test methods for the analysis of 2-furfural and related furan
compounds resulting from the degradation of cellulosic insulation and found in mineral
insulating oil samples taken from electrical equipment.

Name totalfuran

Type float

Units ppb

Standard IEC 61198

F.2.2 IEEE Oil Quality Configuration Parameters

F.2.2.1 Fluid Color Index
ASTM D1500 & ISO 2049 specifies a method for the visual determination of the colour of
a variety of petroleum products.

Name color
Type float
Units -
Standard ASTM D 1500

F.2.2.2 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage VDE electrode-1 mm and -2 mm

ASTM D1816 specifies the method for determining the dielectric breakdown voltage of
insulating liquids at power frequency for a 1 mm gap and 2 mm gap.

Name d1816_1, d1816_2

Type float
Units kV
Standard ASTM D1816 1 mm gap, ASTM D1816 2 mm gap

F.2.2.3 Moisture Concentration

ASTM D1533 specifies methods for the determination of water in insulating liquids and
in oil-impregnated cellulosic insulation with coulometrically generated Karl Fischer
reagent.

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 Name fq_water

Type float

Units ppm

Standard ASTM D 1533

F.2.2.4 Acid Number (acidity)

Name acidnum
Type float
Units mg KOH/g
Standard ASTM D 664, ASTM D974

F.2.2.5 Fluid Power Factor at 25 °C

Describes methods for the determination of the dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ),
relative permittivity and d.c. resistivity of any insulating liquid material at the test
temperature of 25 °C.

Name pf25

Type float

Units %

Standard ASTM D924 25C

F.2.2.6 Fluid Power Factor at 100 °C

Describes methods for the determination of the dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ),
relative permittivity and d.c. resistivity of any insulating liquid material at the test
temperature of 100 °C.

Name pf100

Type float

Units %
Standard ASTM D924 100C

F.2.2.7 Oxidation Inhibitor Concentration

ASTM D2668 & ASTM D4768 specify the determination of 2,6-ditertiary-butyl para-cresol
and 2,6- ditertiary-butyl phenol in new and used insulating liquids at concentrations up
to 0.5 %.

Name inhibitor
Type float
Units %
Standard ASTM D2668, ASTM D4768

Note: The calculation is based on the value provided in the CSV file according to the
risk index table. The ‘Initial inhibitor concentration’ field is not used in the IEEE
standard.

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F.2.2.8 Interfacial Tension (IFT)
ASTM D 971 & ASTM D2285 specified a test method covering the measurement of the
interfacial tension between mineral oil and water, under non-equilibrium conditions.

Name ift

Type float

Units mN/m

Standard ASTM D 971, ASTM D2285

F.2.2.9 Total PCB Concentration

ASTM D4059 specifies a method for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)
concentration in non-halogenated insulating liquids by high resolution capillary column
gas chromatography using an electron capture detector (ECD).

Name totalpcb
Type float
Units ppm
Standard ASTM D4059

Note: The calculation is performed in the same way as the IEC standard.
F.2.2.10 Corrosive Sulfur Test Result
ASTM D1275 method A & DIN 51353 method B describes the detection of corrosive
sulfur compounds (both inorganic and organic) in electrical insulating oils of petroleum
origin.

Name d1275a, d1275b

Type text(30)

Units -

Standard ASTM D1275 method A, B DIN 51353

F.2.2.11 Passivator
ASTM D3487 specifies properties for new mineral insulating oil of petroleum origin for
use as an insulating and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution
electrical apparatus.

Name passivator
Type float
Units ppm
Standard ASTM D3487

Note: The calculation is performed in the same way as the IEC standard.
F.2.2.12 Total Furans
ASTM D5837 specifies test methods for the analysis of 2-furfural and related furan
compounds resulting from the degradation of cellulosic insulation and found in mineral
insulating oil samples taken from electrical equipment.

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 Name totalfuran

Type float

Units ppb

Standard ASTM D5837

F.2.3 DGA Configuration Parameters

IEEE C57.104 specifies condition levels for absolute dissolved gas concentration in
transformer insulation oil.

Name h2
Type float

Units ppm

Standard C57.104

Name ch4

Type float
Units ppm
Standard C57.104

Name c2h6

Type float

Units ppm

Standard C57.104

Name c2h4

Type float

Units ppm

Standard C57.104

Name c2h2
Type float
Units ppm
Standard C57.104

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 Name co

Type float

Units ppm

Standard C57.104

Name co2
Type float
Units ppm
Standard C57.104

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 Appendix G MS 3000: HTTPS & Self-signed Certificates

To download data from the MS 3000 to Perception (or access the MS 3000 web HMI)
over the HTTPS protocol, use a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificate (rather than the
default self-signed certificate) to prevent certificate security warnings. For example, with
Windows 7 follows these steps in Internet Explorer to access the MS 3000 over HTTPS.
Open Internet Explorer and in the address bar specify the IP address of the MS 3000
device. For example, type https://192.168.10.1 and press <Enter>.
A Certificate Error message displays as shown in Figure G-1. This confirms there is a
problem with the website’s security certificate. On this occasion only, click Continue to
this website… to continue.

Figure G-1: Certificate Error

The MS 3000 login page displays. Click on the ‘Certificate error’ icon in the address bar to
display the ‘Untrusted Certificate’ notice shown in Figure G-2. To view the available
certificates, click the View certificates… link at the bottom of the message.

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 Figure G-2: MS 3000 Untrusted Certificate

The Windows Certificate Information displays as shown in Figure G-3. Click Install
Certificate… to install the certificate and enable trust.

Figure G-3: Certificate Information

The ‘Certificate Import Wizard’ displays as shown in Figure G-4. Select Place all
certificates in the following store and click Browse to choose the certificate. In the
‘Select Certificate Store’ dialog, select Trusted Root Certificate Authorities.

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 Figure G-4: Certificate Import Wizard – Certificate Store

A confirmation message displays as shown in Figure G-5. Click OK to continue.

Figure G-5: Certificate Import Wizard – confirmation

Restart Internet Explorer and select Tools > Internet Options > Content as shown in
Figure G-6. Then click Certificates.

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 Figure G-6: Internet Options

In the ‘Certificates’ dialog box, select the Trusted Root Certification Authorities tab
and select the certificate previously installed and click Export as shown in Figure G-7.

Figure G-7: Certificates: Trusted Root Certification Authorities

The ‘Certificate Export Wizard’ dialog box opens. Use the default settings and specify a
valid path and filename to save the certificate and click Next as shown in Figure G-8.

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 Figure G-8: Certificate Export Wizard – Certificate file name

The ‘Certificate Export Wizard’ completes with a confirmation message as shown in

Figure G-9.

Figure G-9: Certificate Export Wizard – confirmation

From the Windows Taskbar, click Start > Run and type mmc.exe to launch the
Microsoft Management Console as shown in Figure G-10.

Figure G-10: MMC main screen

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 In the MMC, select File > Add/Remove Snap-in. From the Available snap-ins, select
Certificates and click Add as shown in Figure G-11.

Figure G-11: MMC Add Certificates

In the ‘Certificates snap-in’ dialog box, select the Computer account option and click
Next as shown in Figure G-12.

Figure G-12: MMC Certificates snap-in

In the ‘Select Computer’ dialog box, select the Local computer option and click Finish
as shown in Figure G-13.

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 Figure G-13: MMC Select Computer

Click OK to close the ‘Add or Remove Snap-ins’ dialog box as shown in Figure G-14 and
return to the MMC main screen.

Figure G-14: MMC Certificates added

In the MMC main screen, select Certificates (Local computer) > Trusted Root
Certification Authorities as shown in Figure G-15.

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 Figure G-15: MMC main screen – Certificates (Local Computer)

On the MMC main menu, select Action > All Tasks > Import to launch the ‘Certificate
Import Wizard’ as shown in Figure G-16. Click Next.

Figure G-16: Certificate Import Wizard

Specify the certificate file name and path (as exported previously) as shown in Figure
G-17. Use the default settings and click Finish to complete the ‘Certificate Import
Wizard’.

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 Figure G-17: Certificate Import Wizard – Certificate file name

The ‘Certificate Import Wizard’ completes with a confirmation message as shown in

Figure G-18.

Figure G-18: Certificate Import Wizard – confirmation

This allows you to use the default self-signed certificate and prevents the certificate
security warnings when accessing the MS 3000 device.

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 Contact & Copyright Details

GE Grid Solutions (UK) Ltd

Lissue Industrial Estate East
Unit 1, 7 Lissue Walk, Lisburn, Co. Antrim
Northern Ireland, United Kingdom BT28 2LU
www.gegridsolutions.com/md.htm

For further assistance or queries please contact:

Customer Service Centre (24 hours a day, 365 days a year)

T +44 1785-250-070 (United Kingdom)
T 1-800-361-3652 (United States and Canada)
T +1 514-420-7460 (worldwide)
[email protected]

GE, the GE monogram and Kelman are trademarks of the General Electric Company.
Other company or product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks
or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

GE reserves the right to make changes to specifications of products described at any

time without notice and without obligation to notify any person of such changes.

This material is accurate at the time of writing.

Copyright, General Electric Company, 2023. All Rights Reserved.

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