how to hash a string using linux crypto library via command line

ChatGPT

To hash a string using the Linux crypto library via the command line, you can use tools such
as openssl or sha256sum. Here's how to do it with both tools:

Using openssl

The openssl command is a powerful tool that can be used to hash strings. Here’s how to
hash a string using openssl:

MD5 Hash

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echo -n "your_string" | openssl dgst -md5

SHA-1 Hash

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echo -n "your_string" | openssl dgst -sha1

SHA-256 Hash

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echo -n "your_string" | openssl dgst -sha256

SHA-512 Hash

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echo -n "your_string" | openssl dgst -sha512

Using sha256sum

For SHA-256 hashing, you can use the sha256sum command, which is specifically
designed for this purpose.

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echo -n "your_string" | sha256sum

Examples

Here are examples for hashing the string "hello" using both methods:

MD5 Hash with openssl

sh

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echo -n "hello" | openssl dgst -md5

Output:

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(stdin)= 5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592

SHA-1 Hash with openssl

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echo -n "hello" | openssl dgst -sha1

Output:
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(stdin)= f7c3bc1d808e04732adf679965ccc34ca7ae3441

SHA-256 Hash with openssl

sh

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echo -n "hello" | openssl dgst -sha256

Output:

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(stdin)=
2cf24dba5fb0a30e26e83b2ac5b9e29e1b161e5c1fa7425e73043362938b9824

SHA-256 Hash with sha256sum

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echo -n "hello" | sha256sum

Output:

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2cf24dba5fb0a30e26e83b2ac5b9e29e1b161e5c1fa7425e73043362938b9824 -

These commands will hash the input string and output the hash in hexadecimal format. The
-n flag for echo is used to ensure no newline character is added to the end of the string,
which would affect the hash value.
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how to bcrypt in openssl

ChatGPT

OpenSSL does not natively support bcrypt for hashing passwords. Instead, bcrypt is typically
handled by dedicated libraries or tools such as htpasswd from the apache2-utils
package, bcrypt command-line tool, or programming libraries in various languages.

However, if you need to use bcrypt on the command line, you can install and use the
bcrypt command-line tool.

Using bcrypt Command-Line Tool

Install bcrypt

On Debian-based systems (e.g., Ubuntu), you can install the bcrypt package using:

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sudo apt-get install bcrypt

On Red Hat-based systems (e.g., Fedora), you might need to use:

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sudo dnf install bcrypt

Hashing a Password with bcrypt

Once installed, you can hash a string using bcrypt:

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echo -n "your_password" | bcrypt

Using htpasswd from apache2-utils

Another common tool is htpasswd from the apache2-utils package, which supports
bcrypt.

Install apache2-utils

On Debian-based systems (e.g., Ubuntu), you can install apache2-utils using:

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sudo apt-get install apache2-utils

On Red Hat-based systems (e.g., Fedora), you might need to use:

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sudo dnf install httpd-tools

Hashing a Password with htpasswd

You can then use htpasswd to create a bcrypt hash:

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htpasswd -bnBC 10 "" your_password | tr -d ':\n'

Here, -B specifies bcrypt, -C 10 sets the cost factor to 10, and -n outputs to the console
instead of a file. The tr -d ':\n' part is used to clean up the output, removing
unnecessary characters.

Example with htpasswd

Hash the password "mypassword":

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htpasswd -bnBC 10 "" mypassword | tr -d ':\n'

Output:

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$2y$10$u1UI6.z6f/Qc7VOT0uhPHOdaP5ld4sxJvEFP9IQQTcIjQkVb1H6.u

This will give you a bcrypt hashed password that you can use for authentication or storage.

Summary

While OpenSSL doesn't support bcrypt directly, tools like bcrypt and htpasswd from
apache2-utils are available to achieve bcrypt hashing on the command line. Choose the
tool that best fits your system and requirements.

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is bcrypt available in openwrt?

ChatGPT

Yes, bcrypt is available in OpenWrt. You can install and use it on an OpenWrt system by
following these steps:

Installing bcrypt on OpenWrt

Update Package Lists: Ensure that your package lists are up to date.
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opkg update

1.

Install bcrypt: Install the bcrypt package using opkg.

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opkg install bcrypt

2.
Using bcrypt

After installing the bcrypt package, you can use it to hash passwords.

Hash a Password: Use the bcrypt command to hash a password.

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echo -n "your_password" | bcrypt

1.

Example

Hash the Password "mypassword": Here is an example of hashing the password

"mypassword".
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echo -n "mypassword" | bcrypt

Output (example):
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$2a$12$9lYQ2hoOh7u8i6MOMl5YmOszTF9E8h7X3K7M7H7X/Y/nM2uwg/ACu

1.

This will produce a bcrypt hashed password that you can use for authentication or storage.

Summary

The bcrypt package is available in OpenWrt and can be installed using opkg. Once
installed, you can use the bcrypt command to hash passwords easily.

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cant find bcrypt in openwrt

ChatGPT

If bcrypt is not available in the OpenWrt package repository, you can use htpasswd from
the apache2-utils package, which supports bcrypt hashing. Here’s how to do it:

Install apache2-utils on OpenWrt

Update Package Lists: Ensure your package lists are up to date.

sh
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opkg update

1.

Install apache2-utils: Install the apache2-utils package.

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opkg install apache2-utils

2.

Using htpasswd for bcrypt

Once apache2-utils is installed, you can use htpasswd to create bcrypt hashes.

Hash a Password: Use the htpasswd command to generate a bcrypt hash of a password.
sh
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htpasswd -bnBC 10 "" your_password | tr -d ':\n'

1.

Example

Hash the Password "mypassword": Here is an example of hashing the password

"mypassword".
sh
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htpasswd -bnBC 10 "" mypassword | tr -d ':\n'

Output (example):
perl
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$2y$10$e1GJrTG5YHTI8R6rT3vWb.d5UeSJaSnJJkV8Fb2Q8YXosCh.Cs1C2

1.

This will produce a bcrypt hashed password that you can use for authentication or storage.

Summary

If bcrypt is not available in the OpenWrt package repository, you can use the htpasswd
tool from the apache2-utils package to create bcrypt hashes. This approach provides a
similar level of security and functionality for password hashing.

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