7th REPORT

PR.TOUMI

OUCHAOU Linda
Table of Contents
1. Operations on vectors, matrices and lists:.............................................................................................2
2. Functions:............................................................................................................................................................. 2
3. The recycling:..................................................................................................................................................... 2
4. Basic functions:.................................................................................................................................................. 2
5. Merging tables and Merge:........................................................................................................................... 3
6. Organize data for ANOVA:.............................................................................................................................3
7. The aggregate() function:..............................................................................................................................4
8. The transform() function:............................................................................................................................. 4
9. Extraction/Insertion into vectors:............................................................................................................ 5
a. Extraction:........................................................................................................................................................ 5
b. Insertion:........................................................................................................................................................... 5
10. Exercise:............................................................................................................................................................ 6
TPNOTo7......................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1. Carry out the orders made in TP 1:...........................................................................................................7
a. R like a calculator:......................................................................................................................................... 7
b. Items:.................................................................................................................................................................. 7
c. Vectors:.............................................................................................................................................................. 8
d. BMI:..................................................................................................................................................................... 8
e. Dataframe creation:..................................................................................................................................... 9
2. Importing data:.................................................................................................................................................. 9
a. Import an excel file:......................................................................................................................................9
b. Create a data summary:...........................................................................................................................10
3. Convert variables:.......................................................................................................................................... 10
a. Converting numerical values to one factor:....................................................................................10
..................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
b. Graphical representation of data:....................................................................................................... 11
c. Splitting a numeric variable in class:.................................................................................................12
4. Crosstabs by hand:........................................................................................................................................ 13

1
 1. Operations on vectors, matrices and lists:
x <- c(1,2,4,6,3)
y <- c(4,7,8,1,1)
x+y

## [1] 5 9 12 7 4

2. Functions:
M <- matrix(1:9,nrow=3)
exp(M)

## [,1] [,2] [,3]

## [1,] 2.718282 54.59815 1096.633
## [2,] 7.389056 148.41316 2980.958
## [3,] 20.085537 403.42879 8103.084

3. The recycling:
x <- c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15)
y <- c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)
x+y

## Warning in x + y: the size of a longer object is not a multiple of the

## size of a shorter object

## [1] 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 12 14 16 18 20

4. Basic functions:
length(c(1,3,6,2,7,4,8,1,0))

## [1] 9

sort(c(1,3,6,2,7,4,8,1,0))

## [1] 0 1 1 2 3 4 6 7 8

sort(c(1,3,6,2,7,4,8,1,0),decreasing=TRUE)

## [1] 8 7 6 4 3 2 1 1 0

rev(c(1,3,6,2,7,4,8,1,0))

## [1] 0 1 8 4 7 2 6 3 1

2
vec <- c(1, 3, 6, 2, 7, 4, 8, 1, 0)
names(vec) <- 1:9
ith

## 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
## 1 3 6 2 7 4 8 1 0

unique(c(1,3,6,2,7,4,8,1,0))

## [1] 1 3 6 2 7 4 8 0

duplicated(c(1,3,6,2,7,4,8,1,0))

## [1] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE

5. Merging tables and Merge:

cbind(1:4,5:8)

## [,1] [,2]
## [1,] 1 5
## [2,] 2 6
## [3,] 3 7
## [4,] 4 8

X1 <- data.frame(Id=1:4,SEX=c("H","F","F","H"),
Weight=c(75,68,48,72))
X2 <- data.frame(Id=1:4,SEX=c("H","F","F","H"),
Size=c(182,165,160,178))
cbind(X1,X2)

## Id SEX Weight Id SEX Height

## 1 1 H 75 1 H 182
## 2 2 F 68 2 F 165
## 3 3 F 48 3 F 160
## 4 4:72 4:178

merge(X1,X2)

## Id SEX Weight Height

## 1 1 H 75 182
## 2 2 F 68 165
## 3 3 F 48 160
## 4 4 H 72 178

6. Organize data for ANOVA:

X <- data.frame(trt1=c(1,6,3,5),trt2=c(8,8,3,1))
X

3
## trt1 trt2
## 1 1 8
## 2 6 8
## 3 3 3
## 4 5 1

stack(X)

## values ind
## 1 1 trt1
## 2 6 trt1
## 3 3 trt1
## 4 5 trt1
## 5 8 trt2
## 6 8 trt2
## 7 3 trt2
## 8 1 trt2

7. The aggregate() function:

* "Man","Woman","Woman")))
X

## Weight Height Cholesterol sex

## 1 80 180 44 Male
## 2 75 170 12 Male
## 3 60 165 23 Female
## 4 52 150 34 Female

aggregate(X[,-4],by=list(Sex=X[,4]),FUN=mean)

## Sex Weight Height Cholesterol

## 1 Female 56.0 157.5 28.5
## 2 Male 77.5 175.0 28.0

8. The transform() function:

X <- transform(X,Height=Height/100,BMI=Weight/(Height/100)^2)
X

## Weight Height Cholesterol sex BMI

## 1 80 1.80 44 Male 24.69136
## 2 75 1.70 12 Male 25.95156
## 3 60 1.65 23 Female 22.03857
## 4 52 1.50 34 Female 23.11111

4
 9. Extraction/Insertion into vectors:
a. Extraction:
vec <- c(2,4,6,8,3)
vec[2]

## [1] 4

"["(with,2)

## [1] 4

vec[-2]

## [1] 2 6 8 3

ith[2:5]

## [1] 4 6 8 3

vec[-c(1,5)]

## [1] 4 6 8

vec <- c(2, 4, 6, 8, 3)

vec[c(TRUE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE)]

## [1] 2 8 3

vec>4

## [1] FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE

vec[vec>4]

## [1] 6 8

b. Insertion:
vecA <- c(1, 3, 6, 2, 7, 4, 8, 1, 0)
vecA

## [1] 1 3 6 2 7 4 8 1 0

(vecB <- c(vecA, 4, 1))

## [1] 1 3 6 2 7 4 8 1 0 4 1

(vecC <- c(vecA[1:4], 8, 5, vecA[5:9]))

## [1] 1 3 6 2 8 5 7 4 8 1 0

5
a <- c()
a <- c(a,2)
a <- c(a,7)
has

## [1] 2 7

10. Exercise:
# Create the size and gender vectors
size <- c(182,150,100,140.5)
gender <- c(0,1,0,1,0)

# Extract men's sizes

men_size <- size[sex == 1]

# Extract women's sizes

size_women <- size[sex == 0]

# Show the results

print(men_size)

## [1] 150 140

print(women_size)

## [1] 182 100 5

#Creating functions
BMI <- function(weight, height) {

bmi <- weight/height^2

return(imc)}

BMI(70.1.82)

## [1] 21.13271

BMI(c(70.74),c(1.82,1.90))

## [1] 21.13271 20.49861

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 TPNOT 7o

1. Carry out the orders made in TP 1:

a. R like a calculator:
>2+3

[1] 5

> 8 - 12

[1] -4

>14*25

[1] 350

> -3/10

[1] -0.3

b. Items:
> x <- 2

>x+3

[1] 5

>x

[1] 2

> x <- 27

> y <- 10

> A<- x + y

>A

[1] 37

> x <- “Hello”

> A<- x

>A

7
[1] “Hello”

c. Vectors:
> sizes <- c(167, 192, 173, 174, 172, 167, 171, 185, 163

+ +170)

> sizes

[1] 167 192 173 174 172 167 171 185 333

> sizes

[1] 167 192 173 174 172 167 171 185 333

> sizes

[1] 167 192 173 174 172 167 171 185 333

> sizes <- c(167, 192, 173, 174, 172, 167, 171, 185, 163, 170)

> sizes + 20

[1] 187 212 193 194 192 187 191 205 183 190

> sizes/100

[1] 1.67 1.92 1.73 1.74 1.72 1.67 1.71 1.85 1.63 1.70

> sizes^2

[1] 27889 36864 29929 30276 29584 27889 29241 34225 26569 28900

d. BMI:
> sizes <- c(167, 192, 173, 174, 172, 167, 171, 185, 163, 170)

> weight <- c(86, 74, 83, 50, 78, 66, 66, 51, 50, 55)

> sizes.m <- sizes/100

> bmi <- weight/(heights.m^2)

> imc

[1] 30.83653 20.07378 27.73230 16.51473 26.36560 23.66524 22.57105 14.90139 18.81892 19.03114

> answer <- c("Bac+2", "Bac", "CAP", "Bac", "Bac", "CAP", "BEP")

8
> answer <- c("Bac+2", "Bac", "CAP", "Bac", "Bac", "CAP", "BEP")

> answer[2]

[1] “Bac”

> sizes <- c(167, 192, 173, 174, 172, 167, 171, 185, 163, 170)

> length(sizes)

[1] 10

> mean(sizes)

[1] 173.4

> var(sizes)

[1] 76.7111

e. Dataframe creation:
> x <- c("A","B","C","A")

> y <- 1:4

> mondf <- data.frame(x,y)

> mondf

xy

1 to 1

2B2

3C3

4 to 4

2. Importing data:

a. Import an excel file:

> Dataset <- readXL("C:/Users/ADMIN/Desktop/tp7/WEIGHT SIZE.xlsx",
rownames=FALSE, header=TRUE, na="",

+ sheet="Sheet1", stringsAsFactors=TRUE)

9
New names:

• `` -> `...1`

b. Create a data summary:

> summary(Dataset)

...1 WEIGHT SIZE

F:3 Min. :49.20 Min. :151

H:2 1st Qu.:52.60 1st Qu.:160

Median:53.50 Median:163

Mean:63.66 Mean:163

3rd Qu.:74.40 3rd Qu.:169

Max. :88.60 Max. :172

3. Convert variables:
a. Converting numerical values to one factor:
> note <- readXL("C:/Users/ADMIN/Desktop/tp7/note.xlsx", rownames=FALSE, header=TRUE, na="",
sheet="Sheet1", stringsAsFactors=TRUE)

> save("note", file="C:/Users/ADMIN/Desktop/tp7/note.RData")

> note <- within(note, {

+ Sex <- factor(Sex, labels=c('girl','boy'))

+ })

10
 > note$level <- with(note, binVariable(Note, bins=3, method='proportions',
labels=c('weak','medium','strong')))

b. Graphical representation of data:

To create the graph; we follow the following steps:
Graphs > Pie chart and we will then have the following command:

with(note, piechart(level, xlab="level", ylab="sex", main="the level according to the sex of the students",
col=rainbow_hcl(3), scale="frequency"))

c. Sp
lit
ti
n
g
a

numeric variable in class:

- By following these steps:
Statistics > Data > Decode a numeric variable in class
> note$level <- with(note, binVariable(Note, bins=3, method='proportions', labels=c('Note1','note2','note3')))

11
 4. Crosstabs by hand:
By following these steps:
-Statistics > Contingency tables > Fill in and analyze a cross-sort

> .Table <- matrix(c(45,55,20,80), 2, 2, byrow=TRUE)

> dimnames(.Table) <- list("rows"=c("G1 variant", "No G1 variant"), "columns"=c("Diseases X", "Healthy"))

> .Table#Counts

columns

rows Diseases

G1 variant 45 55

No G1 variant 20 80

> colPercents(.Table) # Column Percentages

columns

rows Diseases

G1 variant 69.2 40.7

No G1 variant 30.8 59.3

Total 100.0 100.0

Count 65.0 135.0

> .Test <- chisq.test(.Table, correct=FALSE)

12
> .Test

Pearson's Chi-squared test

data: .Table

X-squared = 14.245, df = 1, p-value = 0.0001605

> round(.Test$residuals^2, 2) # Chi-square Components

columns

rows Diseases

G1 variant 4.81 2.31

No G1 variant 4.81 2.31

> remove(.Test)

> remove(.Table)

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