Metals and Non Metals

METALS AND NON METALS 3 – LONG ANSWERS
1. Suggest an experiment to compare the conductivity of

electricity by iron, copper, aluminium and zinc.
Ans: Aim :
To compare the electrical conductivity of
different metals.
Apparatus :
cell, torch bulb fitted in a
holder,connecting wires, different metal
strips
Procedure:
1. Let us make a simple circuit by
connecting one end of the torch to cell and
other end end of torch to metal strip
and to cell back [as shown in the figure]
2.Let us insert a piece of Aluminium foil
between the wires .And we will observe
3.Repeat the same activity with different
metal strips like Iron, copper and zinc.
Observation:
1. In case of aluminium,iron,copper and
zinc we observe that , bulb glows in the
circuit.
2. This experiment proves that all metals
are good conductors of electricity
3. Copper wire is the best conductor among
all the metals.
Conclusion:
This experiment proves that all metals are
good conductors of electricity and
Copper wire is the best conductor among all the metals
2. Give the physical and chemical properties of oxygen

and its uses
Ans: Normal conditions oxygen is a colourless,
odourless and insipid gas; it condensates in a
light blue liquid. Oxygen is part of a small group
of gasses literally paramagnetic, and it's the most
paramagnetic of all. Liquid oxygen is also slightly
paramagnetic.
3. Prepare Index Cards for any four metals and four non-
metals
Ans: Metals:
Name: Copper
Physical properties:
1) Good conductor of electricity
2) Good conductor of heat.
3) Very ductile
Chemical properties
1) It produces green coloured rust on reaction
with water, oxygen and carbon dioxide present
in the air. The rust contains copper hydroxide
and copper carbonate.
2) It can be replaced from its salt solution by
reactive metal.
Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu
Use:
It is used in electrical wires as it is a good
conductor of electricity and very ductile.
Name: Aluminium
1) Good conductor of electricity.
2) High tensile strength.
3) Very malleable.
Chemical properties-
1) It reacts with the base.
Aluminium + potassium hydroxide -->
potassium aluminate + hydrogen
2) It reacts with acid.
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Uses:
Aluminium foil, which is very light, is used to
pack food, medicines etc. Aluminium is also
used for making wires and utensils.
Name: Magnesium
1) It is very light, its density is two third of
aluminium.
2) Very malleable.
Chemical properties:
1) React with oxygen:
2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO
2) React with acid.
Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
Use:
Magnesium burns in air with a dazzling white
light when ignited. Therefore it is used in
fireworks.
Name: Gold
Physical properties-
1) They are very lustrous.
2) Very malleable.
3) Very ductile.
It is non-reactive metal. Do not react with acid,
base or air. Thus it is called noble metal.
Use
It is used for making jewellery.
Non-metals:
Name: Carbon
1) Exists in solid state
2) bad conductor of heat.
1) Reacts with oxygen:
C + O2 --> CO2
2) Reacts with water
C + H2O --> CO + H2
Uses:
Diamond is used as a gemstone. Graphite is
used as a lubricant.
Name: Sulphur
1) It exists as solid.
2) Non sonorous
Chemical properties
1) It react with oxygen
S + O2 --> SO2
2) Its oxides are acidic in nature. When sulphur
dioxide reacts with water forms a sulphurous
acid.
SO2 + H2O --> H2SO3
Uses:
It is used in the manufacture of dyes, matches,
fireworks and gunpowder.
Name: Chlorine
Physical properties
1) It exists as a gas under ordinary conditions.
Chemical properties
1) Displacement reaction:
Cl2 + 2NaBr --> 2NaCl + Br2
2) It reacts with water in presence of sunlight
or heat.
2Cl2 + 2H2O --> 4HCl + O2
Uses:
It is used for the manufacture of many plastics,
polyvinyl chloride. It is used to disinfect water
as it kills germs.
Name: oxygen
Physical properties
1) It exists as a gas.
Above reactions involving oxygen as reactants
can be used to write chemical properties on an
index card.
Uses
It is most important non-metal as it is required
for respiration. All combustion processes need
oxygen.
4. Give the uses of Mercury

Ans: Mercury can be used
to make thermometers, barometers and other
scientific instruments. Mercury conducts
electricity and is used to make silent, position
dependent switches. Mercury vapor is used in
streetlights, fluorescent lamps and advertising
signs
5. Solve the equation:
2Na(s) + 2H2O(aq) →
Mg(s) + 2H2O(aq) →
6. What is reactivity series?

Ans:The reactivity series is a series of metals, in
order of reactivity from highest to lowest. It is
used to determine the products of single
displacement reactions, whereby metal A will
replace another metal B in a solution if A is higher
in the series.

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METALS AND NON METALS 3 – LONG ANSWERS

1. Suggest an experiment to compare the conductivity of

Copper wire is the best conductor among all the metals

2. Give the physical and chemical properties of oxygen

4. Give the uses of Mercury

6. What is reactivity series?

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