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ONLINE MTLE REVIEW ASSESSMENT EXAM #1 – HTMLE QUESTIONNAIRE
ACTS REVIEW CENTER

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MARCH 2021 ONLINE MTLE REVIEW

SECTION A
ASSESSMENT EXAM 1 – HISTOTECHNIQUES + MEDTECH LAWS & ETHICS
1. Which of the following chemicals should not be disposed in the sink or drain due to the fact that it can explode when it
comes in contact with metals?
a. Picric acid
b. Potassium dichromate
c. Sodium azide
d. Concentrated formalin
2. Fat stain that does not stain phospholipids and gives triglycerides an intense red color:
a. Sudan Black B b. Sudan III c. Sudan IV d. None of the above
3. Process whereby a selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass containing isotonic salt solution, carefully
dissected or separated, and examined under the microscope, either unstained by phase contrast or bright field microscopy
or stained with differential dyes:
a. Crushing
b. Streaking
c. Spreading
d. Teasing
4. A special method of smear preparation whereby the surface of a freshly cut piece of tissue is brought into contact and
pressed on to the surface of a clean glass slide, allowing cells to be transferred directly to the slide for examination:
a. Touch preparation
b. Pull-apart
c. Streaking
d. Spreading
5. First Sudan dye to be introduced into the histochemistry, giving a lighter orange stain to fats:
a. Sudan black b. Sudan III c. Sudan IV d. Oil Red O
6. A stain used for metallic impregnation, made up of gold chloride and mercuric chloride:
a. Zenker’s Gold solution b. Zamboni’s PAF c. Gold sublimate d. None of the above
7. A weakly basic dye that is used as a contrast stain for staining Ascaris eggs and erythrocytes, and as a bacterial spore
stain. It is also used both as a decolorizer and as a counterstain:
a. malachite green b. methyl green c. methylene blue d. methylene violet
8. This stain is a valuable stain for plasma cells and can be employed in cytological examinations of fresh sputum for
malignant cells, as bacterial stain, for diagnosis of diphtheria and for vital staining of the nervous tissue:
a. polychrome methylene blue c. methylene violet
b. eosin d. crystal violet
9. Employed as a contrast stain to acid fuchsin, for the demonstration of connective tissue (Van Gieson’s stain), as a
cytoplasmic stain in contrast to basic dyes, as a counterstain to crystal violet, as a tissue fixative and as a decalcifying
agent:
a. mercuric chloride b. picric acid c. potassium dichromate d. safranin O
10. A stain and an indicator dye which may be utilized as a stain for axis cylinders in embryos. It is used as a 4% aqueous
solution in Krajian’s method for staining elastic tissues, amyloid and myelin:
a. Congo red b. Celestine blue c. Methyl red d. Neutral red
ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 1

11. A nuclear stain for fixed tissues, used as a substitute for thionine in fresh frozen tissue sections. It is recommended for
staining of Nissl granules or chromophilic bodies:
a. Celestine blue b. Toluidine blue c. Victoria blue d. Night blue
12. Characteristics of a good fixative include all of the following, except:
a. Reduces the risk of infections during tissue handling and processing
b. Must be cheap
c. Should harden friable tissues
d. Should not inhibit bacterial decomposition
13. Process whereby small pieces of tissue not more than 1mm in diameter is placed in a microscopic slide and forcibly
compressed with another slide or with a cover glass:
a. Squash preparation
b. Dissociation
c. Streaking
d. spreading
14. A method of fresh tissue examination wherein a selected portion of the material is transferred to a clean slide and gently
spread into a moderately thick film by teasing the mucus strands apart with an applicator stick:
a. Spreading
b. Teasing
c. Touch preparation
d. Streaking
15. Rotary microtome was invented by:
a. Trefall
b. Minot
c. Queckett
d. Adams
16. This knife is characterized as having both of its side concave and thus, recommended for cutting paraffin embedded
sections on rotary microtome:
a. Plane-concave knife
b. Plane-wedge knife
c. Biconcave knife
d. None of the above
17. Plane-wedge knife:
a. Is usually 25mm in length
b. Is usually 100mm in length
c. Is usually 120mm in length
18. Bevel angle:
a. 5 to 10°C
b. 27 to 32°C
c. 35 to 40°C
19. Process of removing the burrs formed as well as polishing of the knife’s cutting edge is known as:
a. Honing
b. Stropping
c. Oiling
d. Trimming
20. This stain prepared in either aqueous or alcoholic solution that can be used for removal of mercuric fixative artifact
pigments and as a reagent to alter crystal and methyl violet so that may be retained by certain fungi and bacteria.
a. Iodine b. Malachite green c. Methyl green d. Bismarck brown

21. Mounted sections are placed in the paraffin oven to dry. The paraffin oven is set at a temperature that is:
a. 2 to 5 degrees lower than the melting point of the wax
b. 2 to 5 degrees higher than the melting point of the wax
c. 6 to 10 degrees lower than the melting point of the wax
d. 6 to 10 degrees higher than the melting point of the wax
22. Plane-concave knife:
a. Is usually 25mm in length c. Is usually 100mm in length
b. Is usually 120mm in length d. None of the above
23. Freezing microtome was invented by:
a. Trefall
b. Minot
c. Queckett
d. Adams
24. Angle formed between the cutting edges is known as the:
a. Clearance angle
b. Bevel angle
c. Wedge angle
d. Microtome angle
25. Intravital stains include:
a. Trypan blue
b. India ink
c. Neutral red
26. Natural dye extracted from the heartwood of a Mexican tree:
a. Orcein
b. Cochineal
c. Hematoxylin
d. Coal tar
27. Dye extracted from female bug:
a. Cochineal dyes
b. Orcein
c. Hematoxyline
d. Coal tar dye
28. Simple benzene compounds containing substances that are capable of producing visible colors, though not permanent are
known as:
a. Chromophores
b. Chromogens
c. Auxochromes
d. Chromophilic
29. A substance capable of imparting a permanent color to the tissue is known as:
a. Auxochrome
b. Chromogen
c. Chromophore
d. Dye
30. Example of nuclear stain include all of the following, except:
a. Neutral red
b. Hematoxylin
c. Carmine
d. Phloxine B

31. The process of applying dyes on the sections to see and study the architectural pattern of the tissue and physical
characteristics of the cells:
a. Differentiating
b. Staining
c. Decolorizing
d. Infiltrating
32. This refers to the application of a different color or stain to provide contrast or background to the staining of the
structural components to be demonstrated:
a. Decolorization
b. Differentiation
c. Metallic impregnation
d. Counterstaining
33. Refers to the failure of an organ to form an opening:
a. agenesia
b. atrophy
c. aplasia
d. atresia
34. On a microscope, what structure connects the eyepiece to the objective lens?
a. Base b. Nosepiece c. Stage d. Tube e. Diaphragm
35. Refers to the selective removal of excess stain from the tissue during regressive staining in order that a specific substance
may be stained distinctly from the surrounding tissues:
a. Counterstaining
b. Differentiation
c. Supravital staining
d. Intravital staining
36. Refers to a technique of staining wherein living cells are stained by injecting the dye into any part of the body either
intravenously, intraperitoneally or subcutenously, thereby producing specific coloration of certain cells particularly those
of the reticuloendothelial system:
a. Metachromatic staining
b. Intravital staining
c. Supravital staining
d. Direct staining
37. When the color or shades of color that the dye imparts in the tissue is different from that of the color of the dye itself, the
staining procedure is known as:
a. Orthochromatic staining
b. Supravital staining
c. Metachromatic staining
d. Polychromatic staining
38. True about metallic impregnation, except:
a. Metallic impregnating agent, unlike stain is not physically held on the surface of the tissue as precipitate and is not
absorbed by the tissue
b. Gold chloride and silver nitrate can be used for metallic impregnation
c. Solutions used in metallic impregnation should never be exposed to sunlight to prevent explosion
39. Stain used to demonstrate deposits of calcium salts and possible sites of phosphatase activities:
a. Acridine red 3B
b. Acridine orange
c. Alcian blue
d. Aniline blue

40. A cytoplasmic stain used for counterstaining epithelial sections:

a. Alcian blue
b. Aniline blue
c. Methylene blue
d. Nile blue
41. Used as a contrast stain for Gram’s technique, in acid fast and Papanicolau method and for staining diphtheria organisms:
a. Methylene blue b. Bismarck brown c. Toluidine blue d. Safranin O
42. Composed of basic fuchsin and phenol crystals:
a. Feulgen’s reagent
b. Schiff’s reagent
c. Mallory’s fuchsin
d. Carbol fuchsin
43. A common basic nuclear stain employed with eosin to provide marked differentiation of various structures in the tissue.
a. methyl green b. malachite green c. night blue d. methylene blue
44. Composed of basic fuchsin dissolved in 70% alcohol and paraldehyde:
a. Feulgen’s reagent
b. Schiff’s reagent
d. Gomori’s aldehyde fuchsin
45. A metachromatic dye formed when methylene blue is heated in fixed alkali or alkali carbonate:
a. brilliant cresyl blue b. crystal violet c. methylene violet d. toluidine blue
46. Composed of sodium metabisulfite, hydrochloric acid and basic fuchsin:
a. Carbol fuchsin
b. Feulgen’s reagent
d. Gomori’s aldehyde fuchsin
47. Staining solution formed by mixture of crystal violet, methyl violet and dexterin
a. Gentian violet b. Azure dye c. Both d. None of the above
48. Stain used with osmic acid to fix and stain blood and glandular tissues:
a. rhodamine B b. auramine c. pyronine d. acridine orange
49. Oil soluble dyes:
a. Lysochromes b. polychromes c. metachromes d. orthochromes
b. none of the above
50. Adhesives, except:
a. Glycerin jelly b. 1% gelatin c. Gelatin-formaldehyde mixture d. Poly-L-lysine
51. Widely used adhesive in immunohistochemistry:
a. poly-L-lysine b. APES c. XAM d. DPX
52. Refers to the sum total of changes in the living tissues, in response to an injurious agent, including the local reaction and
the repair of an injury. It is composed of a series of physiologic and morphologic alterations in the blood vessels, blood
components and surrounding connective tissues, for the purpose of protecting the body against injury:
a. Inflammation b. infection c. injury d. necrosis
53. Cardinal sign of inflammation associated with redness:
a. Pallor b. dolor c. calor d. rubor
54. Solvents used for stains include all of the following, except:
a. Alcohol b. aniline water c. phenol d. none of the above
55. Mounting mediums, except:
a. APES b. Clarite c. DPX d. XAM
56. Aqueous mounting medium:
a. DPX b. Clarite c. Glycerin jelly d. None of the above

57. An excellent stain for elastin fibers (used in Taenzer-Unna method) and is especially recommended in dermatological
studies due to its ability to demonstrate the finest and most delicate fibers of the skin:
a. Carmine b. Celestine blue c. night blue d. orcein
58. Cardinal sign of inflammation associated with pain:
a. Dolor b. amor c. pallor d. function laesa
59. What is "compound microscope"?
a. Microscope with the capability to view oil immersion
b. Microscope with the capability to view compounds
c. Microscope with a single lens
d. Microscope with two lenses
e. Microscope with three lenses
60. Refers to an increase in size of tissues or organs due to increase in the size of individual cells:
a. Hyperplasia b. hypertrophy c. dysplasia d. metaplasia
61. Cardinal sign of inflammation associated with diminished function:
a. function laesa
b. amor
c. demiour
d. bonjour
62. In a good compound microscope, the focus knob does not have to be readjusted
when changing the magnification. What is this phenomenon called?
a. Parfocal b. Unifocal c. Bifocal d. Focused e. Convergent
63. Which microscope makes things appear three dimensional?
a. Simple microscope
b. Compound microscope
c. Phase contrast microscope
d. Dissection microscope
e. Transmission electron microscope
64. What is the usual magnification of the ocular lens on a compound microscope?
a. 1X b. 10X c. 100X d. 1000X e. 10,000 X
65. When using oil immersion to view a tissue, what is the refractive index of the oil?
a. Zero b. Same as air c. Same as glass d. Same as water e. None of the above
66. Which of the following stain blue with H&E stain?
a. Cytoplasm
b. Collagen fibers
c. Nucleus
d. Elastic fibers
e. Decalcified bone matrix
67. What is Mucicarmine stain used primarily for?
a. Blood
b. Fat
c. Nervous tissue
d. Elastic fibers
e. Epithelial mucin
68. What color do elastic fibers stain with Verhoeff Elastic stain?
a. Red/Orange
b. Pink/red
c. Purple/Red
d. Blue/black
e. Green/blue

69. Cardinal signs of inflammation, except:

a. function laesa b. calor c. dolor d. motor
70. Which of the following would be best suited to visualize reticular fibers?
a. Wright's stain
b. Hematoxylin and eosin stain
c. Sudan stain
d. Silver impregnation
e. Masson's trichrome stain
71. During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, how is the tissue preserved?
a. Fixation
b. Embedding in paraffin
c. Staining
d. Slicing
e. Dehydration
72. When using a compound microscope, objective lenses can be found to have a magnification of all of the following, EXCEPT?
a. 4X b. 10X c. 40X d. 100X e. 1000X
73. During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, what allows the tissue to hold its form?
a. Fixation
c. Staining
d. Slicing
e. Dehydration
74. What is the bottom of a microscope called?
a. Base b. Nosepiece c. Stage d. Tube e. Diaphragm
75. During the preparation of a routine H&E slide, what step occurs after the tissue is stained?
a. Fixation
c. Staining
d. Slicing
e. Dehydration
76. Which of the following stains is used for routine histological examination?
a. Wright's stain
c. Sudan stain
77. Which of the following is an acid dye?
a. Azure II b. Toluidine blue c. Methylene blue d. Eosin e. Thionine
78. Which of the following would be best suited to differentiate collagen fibers from other fibers ?
a. Wright's stain
c. Sudan stain
79. Inexcusable failure to surrender a suspended or revoked COR within the required period shall be punishable with
a. A fine of P5, 000 c. Perpetual disqualification form the practice of Medical Technology
b. Imprisonment for 6 months to 2 years d. none of the above
80. Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
a. Lysosomes b. Peroxisomes c. Mitochondria d. Ribosomes e. Endoplasmic reticulum

81. Which organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?

a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum d. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b. Lysosome e. Golgi apparatus
c. Mitochondria
82. Which organelle sorts and packages proteins within a cell?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c. Lysosome
d. Golgi apparatus
e. Mitochondria
83. How thick is the plasma membrane?
a. 8-10 angstroms b. 8-10 nanometers c. 8-10 micrometers d. 8-10 millimeters e. NOTA
84. Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
a. Lysosomes
b. Filaments
c. Peroxisomes
d. Mitochondria
e. Endoplasmic reticulum
85. Which cell is a resting osteoblast?
a. Chondrocyte
b. Chondroblast
c. Osteocyte
d. Osteoclast
e. Bone lining cell
86. Post-mordanting applies to:
a. Secondary fixation c. Post-chromatization e. NOTA
b. Post-chromation d. AOTA
87. What is the cylindrical structure in compact bone?
a. Osteoclast
b. Osteon
c. Osteocyte
d. Osteoblast
e. Osteoid
88. What is bundle bone?
a. Cancellous bone d. Compact bone
b. Dense bone e. Spongy bone
c. Immature bone
89. What is the space that an osteocyte rests in?
a. Canaliculi
b. Sharpey's fibers
c. Trabeculae
d. Tome's process
e. Lacuna
90. Which of the following is NOT a glycosaminoglycan in cartilage?
a. Chondroitin sulfate
b. Proteoglycans
c. Keratan sulfate
d. Hyaluronic acid
e. All of the above are glycosaminoglycans in cartilage

91. A 32-year-old man comes to the clinic because of a 3-week history of a fever, weight loss, night sweats, shortness of breath,
and a cough with blood-tinged sputum. He says that a few of his acquaintances have similar symptoms. His temperature is
38.2°C (l00.8°P), blood pressure is 120/80mm Hg, pulse is 70 beats per min, and respiratory rate is 20 per min. Crackles
are heard over the upper lobes on auscultation. A chest x-ray shows upper lobe infiltrates and a l-cm cavity in the left upper
lobe. Three sputum samples are taken and sent to pathology for microscopic evaluation. Which of the following is the most
appropriate histochemical stain to use for these specimens?
a. Acid-fast c. Periodic acid – Schiff e. Trichrome
b. Congo red d. Prussian blue
92. Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes sitting in lacunae?
a. Hyaline cartilage
b. Elastic cartilage
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
93. Commercial formalin contains 10-15% of ___________ as a preservative:
a. Methanol b. Acetic acid c. Formic acid d. Ethanol e. NOTA
94. Costal cartilage is composed of what type of cartilage?
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
95. Which form of stimulus will most likely cause hypertrophic changes in skeletal muscle tissue?
a. Aging c . Exercise e. Loss of endocrine stimulation
b. Hypoxia d. NOTA
96. Which is the most abundant fiber in connective tissue?
a. Collagen fiber
b. Elastic fiber
c. Reticular fiber
d. Purkinje fiber
e. Muscle fibers
97. Which connective tissue cell type secretes histamine?
a. Fibroblast
b. Myofibroblast
c. Histiocyte
d. Plasma cell
e. Mast cell
98. The point of contact between an axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron is called a(n):
a. link b. synapse c. attachment d. contact e. NOTA
99. Which of the following can be classified as "embryonic connective tissue"?
a. Adipose tissue
b. Bone
c. Blood
d. Cartilage
e. Mesenchyme
100. A corporate body which allows anyone who is NOT a registered medical technologist/medical laboratory technician to
practice medical technology is violating what section of RA 5527?
a. 29 c. 15 e. NOTA
b. 31 d. 20

101. The pH considered by some as optimal for the Prussian blue reaction is:
a. 1.0 b. 1.5 c. 2.0 d. 2.5 e. NOTA
102. An 20-year-old college student comes to the student health clinic because of an 8-h history of a severe headache and
"stiff neck." She says that two other students in her dormitory have similar symptoms. Her temperature is 39.1°C. Physical
examination shows nuchal rigidity and palpable purpura on her trunk and lower extremities. Gram stain analysis of
cerebrospinal fluid obtained by a lumbar puncture shows Gram-negative intracellular diplococci. Which of the following
types of inflammation is most likely associated with this patient's neurologic condition?
a. Cytopathic inflammation
b. Exudative inflammation
c. Granulomatous inflammation
d. Interstitial inflammation
e. Necrotizing inflammation
103. Beta cells of pancreatic islets and of the pituitary gland stain deep purple with which procedure?
a. Lillie azure A-eosin B b. Congo red c. aldehyde fuchsin d. Gomori-Burtner e. NOTA
104. Fixation in a primary chromate fixative if essential is chromaffin substance is to be demonstrated by which of the
following reduction methods?
a. modified Steiner b. Gomori iron c. trichrome-new fuchsin d. Schmorl e. NOTA
105. What cell is an immature bone cell?
a. Osteoclast
b. Osteon
c. Osteocyte
d. Osteoblast
e. Osteoid
106. Effects of tissue fixation EXCEPT:
a. Inhibits bacterial decomposition
b. Decreases optical differentiation
c. Reduces the risk of infection
d. AOTA
e. NOTA
107. One of the most meaningful, yet simple, techniques for identifying cell types in the pituitary gland is the:
a. H&E b. Giemsa c. periodic acid-Schiff d. oil red O e. NOTA
108. The ratio of stock solution to acid in Zenker fixative is:
a. 20 parts stock to 1 part hydrochloric acid
b. 20 parts stock to 1 part acetic acid
c. 200 parts stock to 1 part hydrochloric acid
d. 200 parts stock to 1 part acetic acid
e. NOTA
109. What cell produces the cartilaginous matrix?
a. Chondrocyte c. Chondroblast e. Bone lining cell
b. Osteocyte d. Osteoclast
110. In lung tissue, coated asbestos fibers can be made more visible by staining with:
a. Schiff reagent c. Prussian blue reaction e. NOTA
b. silver nitrate d. aldehyde fuchsin
111. What type of adipose tissue tends to decrease as humans age?
a. Brown adipose tissue
b. White adipose tissue
c. Unilocular adipose tissue
d. Multilocular adipose tissue
e. Both a and d

112. The head of the blood bank may employ more than the minimum required personnel for every additional of:
a. 100 units of blood serviced per month
b. 500 blood typing, collection and processing per month
c. Both
d. Neither
113. Absolute alcohol is indicated as a primary fixative if the tissue is to be processed for the demonstration of:
a. fat b. immunofluorescence c. enzymes d. urate crystals e. NOTA
114. Which type of cartilage forms the articular surface on bones?
c. Fibrocartilage
d. All of the above
115. Which of the following pigments will stain black with cresyl fast violet and will fluoresce golden-brown under UV light?
a. lipofuscin b. hemofuscin c. hemosiderin d. ceroid e. NOTA
116. Mercuric chloride pigment may be removed from tissue by:
a. An iodine-sodium thiosulfate sequence
b. Washing in running water for 1 to 24 hours
c. Washing in 50% or 70% alcohol
d. The alcoholic dehydration step in processing
e. NOTA
117. Autolysis of tissue is caused by:
a. enzymatic activity b. bacterial action c. aqueous fixatives d. overfixation e. NOTA
118. When preparing Helly solution, formalin should be added:
a. When other ingredients are combined
b. Before adding mercuric chloride
c. When ready to use
d. 24 hours before use
e. NOTA
119. Lubricants used during knife sharpening are usually composed of:
a. Acid b. Agar c. Gelatin d. Oil e. NOTA
120. For successful impregnation of tissue, the time needed for infiltration with paraffin depends on the:
a. melting point of the paraffin c. choice of a clearing agent e. AOTA
b. thickness and texture of the tissue d. the fixative used
121. For optimum staining results, Bouin or Zenker fixation is recommended for:
a. Wilder reticulm technique
b. Most Trichrome stains
c. Weigert elastic tissue stain
d. Any silver stain
e. NOTA
122. A tumor that is thought to be associated with asbestos exposure is:
a. dysgerminoma c. hypernephroma e. NOTA
b. hepatocellular carcinoma d. mesothelioma
123. Formalin fixes tissue by:
a. Causing a loss of color
b. Forming cross links
c. Forming formic acid
d. Facilitating numerous staining techniques
e. NOTA

124. A fixative which will produce a diffuse brownish black pigments is

a. Bouin b. Carnoy c. Zenker d. Alcohol e. NOTA
125. A chemical that should be used under a hood because of the possibility of extreme respiratory irritation is:
a. Picric acid
b. Diaminobenzidine
c. Hydrochloric acid
d. Chromic acid
e. NOTA
126. The ability of a microscope objective to separate small detail is the:
a. Numerical aperture
b. Depth of focus
c. Virtual image
d. Resolving power
e. NOTA
127. In Bouin fixative, the shrinking effect produced by one component is balanced by the swelling effect of:
a. Formalin b. Glacial acetic acid c. Osmium tetroxide d. Potassium dichromate e. NOTA
128. The light or energy source equivalent in an electron microscope is:
a. UV light
b. Polarized light
c. Electron beam
d. Roentgen rays
e. NOTA
129. Before adjusting the pH of the Warthin-Starry staining solution, the pH meter should be calibrated with a buffer of pH:
a. 4.0 b. 6.0 c. 7.0 d. 10.0 e. NOTA
130. Tissue can be fixed in the microwave oven because of:
a. Rapid molecular movement
b. Reaction between protein molecules
c. Ionizing radiation
d. Rupture of hydrogen bonds
e. NOTA
131. An infiltrate of which one of the following cells is most characteristic of the early stages of acute inflammation?
a. Neutrophils b. Eosinophils c. Basophils d. Lymphocytes e. Monocytes
132. Doubly refractile particles are also called:
a. Isotropic b. Fluorescent c. Birefringent d. Reflective e. NOTA
133. Which of the following lenses is used in an electron microscope?
a. Glass
b. Mirrors
c. Tungsten filament
d. Electro-magnetic coils
e. NOTA
134. Individual virus particles cannot be seen by light microscopy, but can be visualized by:
a. Phase microscopy
b. Polarizing microscopy
c. Electron microscopy
d. Fluorescence microscopy
e. NOTA
135. “Medical Technology” was changed to “Practice of Medical Technology” by:
a. Charlemagne Tamondong c. Nardito Moraleta e. NOTA
b. Marietta Baccay d. Venerable Oca

136. A temperature of 37°C is most commonly associated with:

a. The flotation bath
b. The laboratory incubator
c. Paraffin infiltration
d. Room temperature
e. B and C
137. To increase the amount of light when viewing a microscopic section, an adjustment should be made in the:
a. Objective
b. Numerical aperture
c. Substage condenser
d. Iris diaphragm
e. NOTA
138. To maximize the resolving power of a light microscope, the substage condenser should be adjusted to sharply focus the
image of the:
a. Substage diaphragm
b. Lamp filament
c. Specimen slide
d. Field diaphragm
e. NOTA
139. The use of chloroform in the histology laboratory requires safety precautions because it:
a. Breaks down into toxic products
b. Is flammable
c. Is a carcinogen
d. Has corrosive vapors
e. NOTA
140. Methanol functions as a(n):
a. Dehydrating agent only
b. Clearing agent only
c. Universal solvent
d. Infiltrating medium
e. NOTA
141. Each type of necrosis is correctly paired with its most likely site of involvement EXCEPT:
a. Coagulation – heart or kidney
b. Liquefaction – spleen or lung
c. Caseous – granulomatous inflammatory sites
d. Fibrinoid – arterial walls
e. NOTA
142. Which of the following cellular changes is reversible?
a. Karyorrhexis
b. Pyknosis
c. Karyolysis
d. Swelling of endoplasmic reticulum
e. NOTA
143. All of the ff disorders are associated with transudates EXCEPT:
a. Congestive heart failure (CHF)
b. Inflammation
c. Nephrotic syndrome
d. Chronic liver disease
e. NOTA

144. Which one of the following characteristics is MOST definitive of malignancy?

a. Lack of differentiation
b. Metastasis
c. Pleomorphism
d. Abnormal mitoses
e. Increase in nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio
145. Which of the following characteristics is the most reliable indicator of prognosis of malignant tumors?
a. Abnormal mitoses
b. Degree of differentiation
c. Degree of localization
d. Presence of nucleoli
e. Size of tumor
146. Hyperplasia is primarily operative in which of the following growth alteration?
a. Appearance of the affected kidney in renovascular hypertension
b. Thickened bladder wall in a patient with urethral obstruction
c. Barrett’s esophagus in a patient with gastroesophageal reflux
d. Enlarged left atrium in a patient with severe mitral stenosis
e. Galactorrhea in a woman with a prolactinoma
147. A method that will stain hemoglobin emerald green is that of:
a. Gomori b. Dunn-Thompson c. Okajima d. Kuran Kaname e. NOTA
148. The pigment commonly known as "wear and tear pigment" or "brown atrophy" is:
a. hemofuscin b. ceroid c. lipofuscin d. hemosiderin e. NOTA
149. When excessive melanin deposition interferes with examination of cellular morphology, melanin pigment can be
removed by bleaching with:
a. sodium thiosulfate c. potassium permanganate e. NOTA
b. hydroquinone d. ammoniacal silver
150. The term "argentaffin" literally refers to a reaction wherein cells have the ability to reduce a salt of:
a. chromium b. lithium c. copper d. silver e. NOTA
151. A chemical that will bleach melanin is:
a. oxalic acid b. hydrogen peroxide c. sodium iodate d. sodium thiosulfate e. NOTA
152. Acid alcohol decolorizers are generally recommended over aqueous ones for use with acid-fast procedures because
alcoholic solutions:
a. penetrate more rapidly c. are more stable e. NOTA
b. penetrate more slowly d. allow more uniform decolorization
153. Routine stains are used to:
a. stain only the nuclei c. stain all tissue components uniformly e. NOTA
b. stain only the cytoplasm d. permit differentiation bet. cytoplasm and nuclei
154. An amphoteric substance is one that can act as a(n):
a. acid b. base c. salt d. acid or base e. NOTA
155. The staining mechanism wherein dye adheres to the surface of structures is called:
a. absorption b. indirect c. adsorption d. direct e. NOTA
156. The staining intensity of eosin is increased in muscle and red blood cells when tissues are fixed in:
a. 10% neutral buffered formalin c. Carnoy solution
b. Zenker solution d. Zamboni PAF solution e. NOTA
157. Using the Truant auramine-rhodamine procedure, mycobacteria will stain:
a. green b. blue c. yellow d. black e. NOTA
158. If hematoxylin is unavailable, which of the following dyes is recommended as a substitute in a routine hematoxylin and
eosin procedure?
a. methyl blue b. aniline blue c. Nile blue A d. celestine blue e. NOTA

159. “Direct hematoxylin staining" refers to staining:

a. with mordant and dye in a single solution
b. with mordant and dye in separate solutions
c. with mordant solution followed by dye solutions
d. without a mordant
e. NOTA
160. Insoluble compounds that resist decolorization with ether-acetone are noted on microscopic evaluation of a control
section stained with the Brown-Hopps stain. The presence of these compounds is probably due to:
a. inadequate fixation c. omission of mordant during staining e. NOTA
b. inadequate dehydration d. sections being allowed to dry during staining
161. Cartilage is characterized by a solid intercellular substance that stains metachromatically called:
a. chondromucin b. Sarcoplasm c. ptyalin d. myelin e. NOTA
162. One of the following can be appointed as Chairman of the Board of Medical Technology
a. RMT with 10 years experience, Filipino and of good moral character
b. Qualified pathologist with 5 years experience and instructor in a medical technology school
c. RMT of good moral character, Filipino and dean of a medical technology school
d. Filipino pathologist, of good moral character, with 10 years experience in the field
e. NOTA
163. The institutionalization of the CPE program of the Professional Regulation Boards under the supervision of the PRC is
embodied in:
a. PD 223 b. PD 498 c. EO 266 d. EO 56 e. NOTA
164. Weigert iron hematoxylin is generally unsatisfactory for use after:
a. several hours to several days c. 3 to 4 months e. NOTA
b. 3 to 4 weeks d. oxidation is evident
165. On microscopic evaluation of an H&E stained section, dark deposits of material dispersed irregularly over the tissue are
observed. The most likely cause is that the hematoxylin:
a. was not filtered before use c. contains too much acetic acid e. NOTA
b. is past its useful shelf life d. has too alkaline a pH
166. Carmine and aluminum chloride combine to form the very valuable staining compound:
a. Mayer mucihematein c. Mayer carmalum e. NOTA
b. Mayer alcoholic carmine d. Mayer mucicarmine
167. Which of the following laws designates the Chairman of the Board of Medical Technology as member of the Council?
a. RA 5527 c. PD 498 e. B and C
b. PD 1534 d. A and B
168. The structure in the cell nucleus that stains strongly with basic dyes is the:
a. RNA b. cytomembrane c. lipofuscin d. chromatin e. NOTA
169. Which of the following chemicals functions as an oxidizer?
a. aluminum sulfate b. potassium alum c. potassium permanganate d. acetic acid e. NOTA
170. The selectivity for nuclear staining with Harris hematoxylin can be increased by adding:
a. excess aluminum salts b. excess glycerol c. excess mercury d. 50% alcohol e. NOTA
171. Differential staining of nuclei and cytoplasm with Giemsa solution is an example of:
a. polychromasia b. metachromasia c. hyperchromasia d. metaplasia
172. The final label must be attached prior to issue and should include the following information EXCEPT:
a. Expiration date c. Storage temperatures e. NOTA
b. ABO and Rh types d. Identification of the phlebotomist
173. Agency authorized to give quality control test:
a. PAMET b. DOH c. PSP d. RITM e. PNRC
174. The best all-round substitute for ethanol for processing tissues is:
a. dioxane b. butanol c. isopropanol d. methanol e. NOTA

175. To offset the hydrolysis of nucleic acids caused by decalcifying agents, bone marrow is often fixed in:
a. formalin b. glutaraldehyde c. osmium tetroxide d. Zenker solution e. NOTA
176. The prescribed form for the application of license contains, among others, the following data EXCEPT:
a. Name, citizenship, domicile of the head
b. Mission/Vision statement
c. Scope and nature of work to be undertaken
d. Name of establishment
e. NOTA
177. Upon receipt of application and license fee, the BRL shall inspect within
a. 15 days c. 30 days e. 1 year
b. 20 days d. 60 days
178. In areas where pathologists are not sufficient, licensed physicians may be qualified after 3 months of training in:
a. Quality control c. Laboratory medicine e. NOTA
b. Laboratory management d. AOTA
179. The minimum required number of medical technologist/s in blood banks screening 200 donors and performing 400
typing and crossmatching per month is:
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
180. Dispensing, transfusing, and failing to dispose HIV-contaminated blood units is punishable with
a. Imprisonment for 10 years
b. Imprisonment for 12 years and one day
c. Imprisonment for 20 years
d. Fine of P50, 000 to P500, 000
e. NOTA
181. The Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Acts is known as:
a. RA 8506 b. RA 8504 c. RA 8604 d. RA 8704 e. NOTA
182. The Professional Regulation Commission is made up of:
a. Chairman, Associate and Member
b. Associate Commissioner and 2 Members
c. Chairman and 2 Associates
d. Chairman and 2 Members
e. NOTA
183. Which of the following is routinely used in electron microscopy?
a. Agar b. celloidin c. ester wax d. resin e. NOTA
184. Chloroform functions as a(n):
a. dehydrating agent only c. universal solvent e. NOTA
b. clearing agent only d. infiltrating medium
185. Which of the following reagents is miscible with water, alcohol, hydrocarbons, and paraffin?
a. Acetone b. cedarwood oil c. dioxane d. xylene e. NOTA
186. Each blood bank should report to the BRL, among others, the following data EXCEPT:
a. Number of Rh negative units
b. Blood components utilized
c. Volume of blood collected and issued
d. Number of crossmatches done
e. NOTA
187. The best method of preparing tissue for enzyme demonstration is:
a. agar embedding c. paraffin embedding e. NOTA
b. celloidin embedding d. unfixed frozen sections
188. Ethanol functions as a(n):
a. dehydrating agent b. clearing agent c. universal solvent d. infiltrating medium e. NOTA

189. Advantage of automatic tissue processing:

a. Less spillage of reagents
b. Constant tissue agitation
c. More cost-effective
d. Poor penetration of tissue
e. NOTA
190. The amount of time a specimen needs to remain in the decalcifying solution is NOT influenced by the:
a. bone density c. solution strength e. NOTA
b. processing schedule d. solution temperature
191. Which of the following reagents could be used when speed is important for processing?
a. acetone b. ethanol c. isopropanol d. methanol e. NOTA
192. The most rapid of the commonly available agents used to freeze tissue is:
a. aerosol sprays c. gaseous carbon dioxide e. NOTA
b. dry ice d. liquid nitrogen/isopentane
193. The effect of overdecalcification is most noticeable in the staining of:
a. nuclei b. cytoplasm c. erythrocytes d. bone spicules e. NOTA
194. A process which can preserve enzymes and prevent the loss of some cellular constituents is called:
a. autoradiography c. infiltration e. NOTA
b. freeze-drying d. vaporization
195. The time needed for infiltration of paraffin is dependent upon all of the following EXCEPT the:
a. fixative used c. tissue type e. NOTA
b. thickness of the specimen d. use of vacuum
196. Zenker-formol is also known as:
a. Orth’s c. Regaud’s e. NOTA
b. Helly’s d. Heidenhein’s Susa
197. According to the Blood Bank Law, which of the following is NOT an acceptable anticoagulant if liquid plasma or FFP is
to be prepared from whole blood?
a. ACD b. CPD c. CPD-A1 d. HEPARIN e. NOTA
198. Rocking microtome was invented by:
a. Trefall b. Minot c. Queckett d. Adams
199. Refers to the complete non appearance of an organ:
a. Agenesia b. aplasia c. atresia d. atrophy
200. What is the maximum resolving power seen with a compound microscope?
a. 2 millimeters b. 2 millimeters c. 2 micrometers d. 2 micrometers e. 2 angstroms

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ONLINE MTLE REVIEW ASSESSMENT EXAM #1 – HTMLE QUESTIONNAIRE

ACTS REVIEW CENTER

MARCH 2021 ONLINE MTLE REVIEW

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 1

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 2

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 3

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 4

40. A cytoplasmic stain used for counterstaining epithelial sections:

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 5

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 6

69. Cardinal signs of inflammation, except:

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 7

81. Which organelle is considered the powerhouse of the cell?

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 8

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 9

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 10

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 11

124. A fixative which will produce a diffuse brownish black pigments is

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 12

136. A temperature of 37°C is most commonly associated with:

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 13

144. Which one of the following characteristics is MOST definitive of malignancy?

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 14

159. “Direct hematoxylin staining" refers to staining:

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 15

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 16

189. Advantage of automatic tissue processing:

ACTS REVIEW CENTER | 2021 March - Online MTLE Review 17

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