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Lecture CSP06

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16 views

Lecture CSP06

Uploaded by

physics lover
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Algorithm and Flow Chart

Types of tools to explain the process of a program.

Algorithm

 Flow Chart

1
Algorithm
 defined as step by step method followed to solve a problem

 ie. Well defined sequence of computational steps that’s takes some set
of values as Input and produce some set of values as output

 algorithm is a procedure ie. logic for solving problem sequentially.

Examples:

Algorithm : To find volume of a given sphere

1. Start
2. Read radius R
3. Compute V=4/3 π R3
4. Print Volume V
5. End
Algorithm
 Algorithm corresponds to solution to a problem that is
independent of any programming languages

Problem

Algorithm

I/P data Program Solution of


O/P data
problem

Program: -Set of instructions.


- Algorithm expressed in a programming language
Computer Programming: involves writing Instructions and giving
them to computer to compute and complete a task
Algorithm:
Find largest number among two
No's
Algorithm :
Step 1 : Start Find whether a given number is even
or odd?
Step 2 : Read X, Y
Step 3 : when X > Y then print X 1: Start
otherwise Display Y 2 : Read n
Step 4 : Stop 3 : if ( n%2 == 0), write “even number"
otherwise write " odd number"
4 : Stop
Flow Chart

 Graphical i.e. pictorial representation of steps involved in


solving a problem step by step by using various shapes and
symbols

 Also defined as the diagrammatic representation of an


algorithm.

 can be helpful for both writing programs and explaining the


program to others

 Easy to understand

5
Flow chart symbols :

6
Flow chart for computing Volume of a sphere
Example: Add two numbers entered by user

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start

Step 2: Read First no a

Step 3: Read Second no b

Step 4: compute sum= a+b

Step 5: Print sum

Step 6: Stop
Example: Calculate area and circumference of a circle

Algorithm:

1. Start

2. Input radius r of the circle

3. compute area= πr2

4. compute circumference cir=2*3.14*r

5. Print area and circumference

6. Stop
Find whether a given number is even or odd?
Algorithm
1: Start
2 : Read n
3 : when ( n%2 == 0), write “even number"
otherwise write " odd number"
4 : Stop
Convert Temperature from Fahrenheit ( ) to Celsius ( )

Algorithm:
Step 1: Read temperature in Fahrenheit,

Step 2: Calculate temperature C=5/9*(F-32),

Step 3: Print C
To determine Whether a Student Passed the Exam or Not

Algorithm:
1. Start

2. Input marks of 4 courses M1, M2, M3 and M4,

3. Calculate the average grade as

Grade=(M1+M2+M3+M4)/4

3. If the average grade is less than 60,

print "FAIL", otherwise print "PASS".

4. Stop
Print number 1 to 20
Algorithm:

1: Initialize X = 0

2: Increment X by 1

3: Print X,

4: If X is less than 20 then go back to step 2.


 Largest number among two numbers

Find the largest among three 


different numbers entered by the
user.
Algorithm: To determine the largest number among three numbers

1. Start

2. Input a, b, c

3. if a > b goto step 4, otherwise goto step 5

4. if a > c goto step 6, otherwise goto step 8

5. if b > c goto step 7, otherwise goto step 8

6. Output "a is the largest", goto step 9

7 . Display "b is the largest", goto step 9

8 . Print " c is the largest", goto step 9

9 . Stop
Find whether a given number is even or odd?
Algorithm
1: Start
2 : Read n
3 : when ( n%2 == 0), write “even number"
otherwise write " odd number"
4 : Stop
Find Sum of N natural numbers

Algorithm
1. Start

2. Read the value of N.


3. I = 1 , SUM = 0
4. if ( I > N ) go to step 8
5. S = S + I
6. I = I + 1
7. Go to 4
8. Display value of sum S
9. Stop
Compute sum of 50 numbers taken from user
Algorithm:

1: Start
2: set counter X =0
3: initialize sum =0
4: Read number N
5: X=X+1
6: sum= sum +N
7: Is the X greater than 50
If yes, Display sum: Go to step 8.
If No, Go to step 4
8 : Stop
Factorial of a number
Algorithm: factorial of a number
1 : Start

2 : Read N

3 : set i=1 and fact = 1


4 : Is i <= N, when YES Goto step 5
otherwise Goto step 7
5 : Calculate fact = fact * i
6 : increment i=i+1 and
go to step 4
7 : Display value of fact.

8 : Stop
Questions
??
* C Program to find Volume and Surface Area of Sphere */

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ float radius, sa,Volume;
printf("\n Please Enter the radius of a Sphere \n");
scanf("%f", &radius);
sa = 4 * 3.14 * radius * radius;
Volume = (4.0 / 3) *3.14 * radius * radius * radius;

printf("\n The Surface area of a Sphere = %.2f", sa);


printf("\n The Volume of a Sphere = %.2f", Volume);

return 0;
}

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