METEOROLOGY QUESTIONS

Q.1 Decode the following report:

BBXX ATVH 10123 99408 30492 41398

62828 10143 20082 40084 56028 76364

84364 22234 00175 20808 302// 41006

ANS- BBXX- Surface Report from a ship.

ATVH- Signal letters of ship.

YYGGiw- GMT 10d 12h.Wind speed.

10123- Reported by ff is estimated in knots.

99LaLaLa- Position of ship.

99408- Latitude: 40.8°South

QcLoLoLoLo- Longitude : 049.2°East

30492

IRixhVV- Precipitation group not sent.

41398- Manned Station.Group7ww W1 W2 is included in this report. Cloud base 200-300

Metres above sea. Visibility 20Km.

Nddff- Total Cloud 6/8 of sky.

62828- Wind direction 280°,wind speed estimated at 28 knots.

1SnTTT- Air temperature + 14.3°C

10143

2SnTdTdTd- Dew point temperature +08.2°C

20 0 8 2

4PPPP- Atmospheric pressure 1008.4mb.

40084
5appp- Barograph trace ;Tendency

56028 (-) 02.8 mb.

7wwW1 W2- Present weather : moderate , non-freezing, continue rain. Past weather : Rain, fog
or haze

8NhCL CM CH- Low cloud 4/8 of sky .Low clouds ;

84 3 6 4- Cb, the summits of which lack sharp outlines, but are neither fibrous nor in shape
of an

Anvil. Medium clouds :Ac resulting from the spreading out of Cu or Cb . High
clouds: Ci

In the form of hooks or filaments, or both, progressively invading sky.

222DsVs- Course made good last three hours

2223 4- SE @ 16 to 20 knots.

0SnTwTwTw- Sea temperature + 17.5°C

00 1 7 5

2PwPwHw Hw- Sea period: 08 Seconds;

20 8 0 8- Height: 04 metres.

3Dw1dw1dw2dw2- First swell from 20°

30 2 / /- No of second swell.

4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1- First swell: Period 10 seconds,

41 0 0 6 - height 03 metres.
Q.2 Decode the following report:

AAXX 06183 43057 41798 53628 10324

20208 40069 51042 71682 83262 222//

00282 20606 324// 41008.

Ans- AAXX- Report from a land station

YYGGiw GMT 06d 18h.

0 6 1 8 3- Wind speed estimated in knots

ll i i i- ll-43 means India, South of latitude

43057- 20°N. iii-057 means Bombay (colaba). In cases where a student does not know
which particular area or station is indicated by lliii, he may state as follows:

ll 43- Regional Block Number .iii 057-station number (ALRS 4)

irixhVV Precipitation group not sent.

4 1 798 Manned station. Group 7wwW1W2 is included. Base of lowest cloud 1500
- 2000 metres

Above sea.

Visibility 20 km.

Nddff- Total cloud 5/8 of sky.

53628- Wind direction from north, estimated at 28 knots.

1SnTTT- Air Temperature+ 32.4°C.

10 324

2SnTdTdTd- Dew point temperature + 20.8°C

20 2 0 8

4PPPP Atmospheric pressure 1006.9mb.

40069
5appp Barograph trace ; Tendency

51042 (+) 04.2mb.

7ww W1 W2 Present weather: Rain in sight near, but not on, ship.

716 8 2 Past weather :showers of rain ; cloud covering more than half sky
throughout the

Appropriate period.

8NnCL CM CH Low cloud 3/8 of sky . Cu of

83 2 6 2 Moderate or strong vertical extent. Medium cloud : Ac formed by the

spreading out of

Cu or Cb. High Cloud: Dense Ci.

222DsVs No course or speed –Land station.

222 / /

oSnTwTwTw- Sea temperature + 28.2°C.

00 2 8 2

2PwPwHwHw-Sea period :06 seconds ;

20 6 0 6- Height: 03 Metres.

3dw1dw1dw2dw2- First swell from 240°.

32 4 / / - No second swell

4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1- First swell: period 10 seconds,

41 0 0 8 - Height 04 meters .
Q.3 Code the following ships report.

Ship : 3FRK ,position :27 °35’N 98°29’W, Course made good last three hours : 320°at 15 knots,
visibility : 20km, wind :240°estimated at 16 knots, pressure : 1026.8mb,Tendency
:+6.4mb,Barograph trace: GMT:08d 06h 10m.

Temperature :Dry 28.5 °C, Wet 23.0°C, Sea 20.6°C.clouds :Total 6/8 sky , low clouds 4/8 sky
,base 1000 metres above sea ,Sc not resulting from Cu, Dense Ns, Ci in hooks progressively
invading sky.

Weather: present precipitation near but not at station. Past –cloud covering more than ½ sky
throughout and intermittent drizzle.

Sea: Period 08 seconds ,height 01 metre.

Swell: From 050°,period 10 seconds, height 02 metres.

Ans- First copy down the groups from the weather code book. Then fill in the numbers under
each code

Letter as appropriate.

BBXX D………D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX 3FRK 0 8 0 63 99 2 7 5 7 0984

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

41698 62416 10 2 8 5 20 2 0 8 40268

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH 222DsVs

52064 71652 84524 22273

0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw 3dw1dw1dw2dw2

00 2 0 6 20 8 0 2 30 5 / /

4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1

41 0 0 4
Q.4 Code the following ships report

Ship: VHAN, Position : 00°05’N 46°58’E, Course made good past three hours :170° at 10 knots,

GMT :16d 00h 20m,Wind : 052° estimated at 10 knots. Visibility :500 metres , pressure
1008.8mb, Tendency + 3.6mb, Barograph trace : Temperature :Dry 28.5°C,Wet 23.0°C ,Sea
20.6°C.

Clouds: Sky overcast with a few blue patches. Low clouds 4 oktas , base 600 metres above sea,
Cu of strong vertical extent , Ac in a chaotic sky,Cc. Present weather : visibility poor due to dust
in suspension in the air, NOT raised by wind at or near ship. Past weather :Thick haze, thunder
storm.

Sea :Period 04 seconds , height 0.4 metres.

Swell :From 270°,period 08 seconds , height 04m.

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX VHAN 16003 99 0 0 0 10 46 9

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

41593 70510 10 2 8 5 20 2 0 8 40088

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

50306 7 06 94 84 2 9 9

222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

2224 2 00 2 0 6 20 4 0 1

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1

32 7 / / 40 8 0 8
Q5. Code the following weather report using SHIP’S WEATHER CODE 1982:

Call sign: VQQG, Position: 00° 01’N 179° 55’E, Course made good: 179°T, Speed: 14.5
knots, Time: 12d 18h 30m GMT, Wind: 048°T estimated 12 kts, Visibility: 1km, Pressure:
1003.5 mb, Tendency: +2.3 mb, Trace shows pressure increasing steadily at first and
then steady, Temperature: Dry 32.0°C, Wet 27.5°C, Sea 19.5°C, Clouds covering 5/8th of
the sky, Low clouds 3 oktas with base 500 meters above sea, Cu of strong vertical extent,
Ac in a chaotic sky, Cc also present, Present weather: Visibility poor due to dust not
raised at or near the station, Past weather: Thick haze, thunderstorms, Sea: Period 08
seconds, Height 0.5 meters, Swell: Direction 170°T, Period 10 seconds, Height 2.0
meters.

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX VQQG 12183 99000 11799

iRiXhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

41494 50512 10320 20261 40035

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

51023 70694 83299

222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

22243 00195 20801

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 5Pw2Pw2Hw2Hw2

317// 41004 5////

Q.6. On 4th February / 1206 GMT Ship in position 45º 30’N 58º 03’W observes following
weather, encode her report:

Call sign VTAB

Course in last 3 hrs 300º T speed: 13kts. Visibility 4 miles

Wind 267º T x Force 7 (Lower limit), Sea waves ht 3.5m period 07 seconds

Pressure: 1002 .2 mb, same as three hours ago, Baro-trace: ∩

Temperature: air (-) 7.2 C, dew (-) 8.9º C, sea (+) 01º C

Clouds: Overcast with some blue patches, height of lowest cloud: 2000m.

Stratocumulus covering 3/8th of sky, also present Altostratus, Cirrus progressively

covering the sky

Weather: Present – continuous slight snow, Past – continuous sleet

Slight ice formation observed on deck due to sea spray & building up slowly on forward
deck, Present ice thickness on deck about 2cm.

Vessel in recently formed sea ice with uniform concentration of less than 3/8th of area

Ship easily navigating through sea ice & sea ice conditions remaining same

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX VTAB 04123 99455 70580

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

41896 72728 11072 21089 40022

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

50000 77177 83514

 222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

22273 00010 20707

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 6IsEsEsRs CiSibiDizi

3//// 61021 20092

Q.7. Code the following report:

Ship’s VW5YA Position 18º 41.8N 068º 24.5’E, Course made good SW’ly, Speed 16.0 knots,
December 12, 1800 UTC, Wind: 166º (T) Estimated @ 15 knots, Sky overcast, Visibility 500
m, Pressure 1004.6 hpa, tendency –2.7 hpa decreasing steadily, Temperature as per
whirling psychrometer 32.2º C and 27.6º C, Sea temp 25.2º C, Low clouds, 3 oktas, Base
of lowest cloud 200m above sea. Present weather: Visibility poor due to haze, Past
weather: Haze, Sea: Period 08s, ht 1.3m, Swell: from 4 points on the port bow, period 9s,
height 1.4m.

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX VW5YA 12183 99186 10684

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

41393 81715 10322 20262 40046

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

57027 70544 83///

222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

22254 00252 20803

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1

318// 40903
Q.8. Code the following weather observations taken on a vessel at 1750 IST on 4th January,
when the vessel was at 50º 12’N 030º 17’W:

Ship: ATGV, wind speed estimated at 42 knots

Height of the base of the lowest cloud is 300 meters

Horizontal visibility is 0.21 nautical miles

The sky is fully covered by clouds

The wind is blowing from 090º (T)

Air temperature is + 7.5º C, Dew point temperature is + 7.2º C

Barometric pressure is 995.2 hpa, The barometer has fallen steadily in the last 3 hour
decreasing by 2.1 hpa.

There is intermittent moderate rain (not freezing) at the time of observation, vessel
experienced drizzle and rain since 1150 IST

A layer of nimbostratus clouds covers the sky

The ship’s course is 270º and speed 14 knots.

The sea temperature (measured by intake) is + 7.0º C

Sea waves are estimated to be 5m high, with a period of 10 seconds, the swell waves are
coming from 180º (T), height 4m, period 16 seconds

The wet bulb temperature is + 7.4º C

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX ATGV 04123 99502 70302

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

 41492 80942 10075 20072 49952

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

57021 76265 8802/

222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

22263 00070 21010

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 (318//) 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 (41608) 5////

Q.9 Code the following ship’s full reports, using the Ship’s weather code 1982:
Date and GMT : 4 May 1993, 1800 GMT; Call sign : ABCDE

Ship’s position : 52° 42’N, 20° 30’W

Ship’s course/speed : 180°T x 15 knots

Wind : 080°T, speed 9 knots estimated

Weather : Cloudless, No significant phenomenon.

Visibility : 8.8 nautical miles

Barometric pressure : 1020.3 mbs

Barometric tendency : Incr then incr more slowly, Changed 0.4 mb in last 3 hrs.

Air temperature : +14.3°C

Dew point temp : +6.8°C

Sea temperature : +13.0°C

Sea waves : Period 4 seconds; Height 0.8 metre.

Swell : Dir. 130°T; Period 6 seconds; Height 1.5 metres.

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX ABCDE 04183 99527 70205

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

42997 00809 10143 20068 40203

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

 51004 80000

222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

22243 00130 20402

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1

313// 40603

Q.10 Code the following ship’s full reports, using the Ship’s weather code 1982:
Date and GMT : 20 April 1982, 1200 GMT, Call Sign ABCD
Ship’s position : 50° 38’N, 24° 40’W

Ship’s course/speed : 270°T/10 knots

Wind : 090°T, speed 10 knots from anemometer

Present weather : Continuous slight rain

Past weather : Continuous rain

Cloud : Overcast sky, lowest cloud 600 m, 6/8 stratus in continuous sheet,

2/8 altostratus which is semi-transparent, High cloud not visible

Visibility : 3 nautical miles

Barometric pressure : 1004.7 mb

Barometric tendency : Steadily decreased 2.5 mb in last 3 hours.

Air temperature : +13.8°C

Dew point temp : +13.3°C

Sea temperature : +14.2°C

Sea waves : Period 4 seconds; Height 1.5 meters.

Swell : Dir. 230°T; Period 10 seconds; Height 2 meters.

Ans- BBXX D…D YYGGiw 99LaLaLa QcLoLoLoLo

BBXX ABCD 20124 99506 70246

IRixhVV Nddff 1SnTTT 2SnTdTdTd 4PPPP

 41596 80920 10138 20133 40047

5appp 7wwW1W2 8NhCLCMCH

57025 76166 8661/

222DsVs 0SnTwTwTw 2PwPwHwHw

22262 00142 20403

3dw1dw1dw2dw2 (323//) 4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1 (41004)

Q.11 Decode the following weather report using SHIP’S WEATHER CODE 1982:

BBXX ATVX 03003 99355 11559 41593

70510 10285 20208 40088 53036 70694

84299 22242 00206 20401 327// 40808

Ans.

BBXX : Report from a ship station

D…D : Call sign ATVX

YYGGiw : GMT 03d 00h, wind speed estimated in knots

03003

99LaLaLa : Position

99355 Lat 35°30’ North

QcLoLoLoLo Long 155° 54’ East

11559

IRixhVV

41593

Nddff

70510

1SnTTT : Air Temp +28.5°C

10285
2SnTdTdTd : Dew point Temp +20.8°C

20208

4PPPP : Atmospheric Pressure 1008.8 mb

40088

5appp : Tendency +3.6mb ( \_/ ) Atm pressure decreasing or steady, then increasing

53036

7wwW1W2

70694

8NhCLCMCH

84299

222DsVs

22242

0SnTwTwTw : Sea Temp +20.6°C

00206

2PwPwHwHw

20401

3dw1dw1dw2dw2

327//

4Pw1Pw1Hw1Hw1

40808