EBD_8344

M-10 Mathematics

3
Trigonometric Functions

tan A cot A
Circular System, Trigonometric 4. The expression +
Ratios, Domain and Range of 1 - cot A 1 - tan A
TOPIC Ć Trigonometric Functions,
Trigonometric Ratios of Allied can be written as : [2013]
Angles (a) sinA cosA + 1 (b) secA cosecA + 1
(c) tanA + cotA (d) secA + cosecA
5. The value of cos 255 + sin 195 is[Online May 26, 2012]
æp pö
1. For any q Î ç , ÷ the expression
è4 2ø 3 -1 3 -1
(a) (b)
2 2 2
3(sinq – cosq)4 + 6(sinq + cosq)2 + 4sin6q equals:
æ 3 -1ö 3 +1
[Jan. 9, 2019 (I)] (c) - çç ÷÷ (d)
(a) 13 – 4cos2q
+ 6sin2qcos2q è 2 ø 2
(b) 13 – 4cos6q 6. Let f(x) = sin x, g(x) = x.
(c) 13 – 4cos2q + 6cos4q Statement 1: f ( x ) £ g ( x ) for x in ( 0, ¥ )
(d) 13 – 4cos4q + 2sin2qcos2q Statement 2: f(x) £ 1 for x in (0, ¥) but g(x) ® ¥ as x ® ¥.

( )
1 [Online May 7, 2012]
2. Let f k ( x ) = sin k x + cos k x where x Î R and k ³ 1. (a) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
k
(b) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is
Then f 4 ( x ) - f 6 ( x ) equals [2014]
a correct explanation for Statement 1.
1 1 (c) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is
(a) (b) not a correct explanation for Statement 1.
4 12
(d) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.
1 1
(c) (d) 7. A triangular park is enclosed on two sides by a fence
6 3
and on the third side by a straight river bank. The two
æ pö sides having fence are of same length x. The maximum
3. If 2cos q + sin q = 1 ç q ¹ ÷ ,
è 2ø area enclosed by the park is [2006]
then 7 cos q + 6 sin q is equal to:[Online April 11, 2014]
x3
1 (a) 3 x 2 (b)
(a) (b) 2 2 8
2

(c)
11
(d)
46 (c) 1 x 2 (d) px 2
2 5 2

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

Trigonometric Functions M-11

13. The value of [April 9, 2019 (II)]

Trigonometric Identities,
Conditional Trigonometric cos210 – cos10 cos50 + cos250 is :
TOPIC n Identities, Greatest and Least 3
Value of Trigonometric Expressions (a) + cos20 (b) 3/4
4
3
3æ pö æ 3p ö 3æ pö æ 3p ö (c) (1 + cos20 ) (d) 3/2
8. The value of cos ç ÷ .cos ç ÷ + sin ç ÷ .sin ç ÷ is 2
è8ø è 8 ø è8ø è 8 ø
14. Two poles standing on a hori ontal ground are of heights
[Jan. 9, 2020 (I)]
5m and 10m respectively. The line oining their tops makes
1 1 an angle of 15 with the ground. Then the distance (in m)
(a) (b)
2 2 2 between the poles, is: [April. 09, 2019 (II)]
1 1 (a) 5(2 + 3) (b) 5( 3 + 1)
(c) (d)
2 4
5
(c) (2 + 3) (d) 10( 3 - 1)
2 sin a 1 1 - cos 2b 1 2
9. If = and = ,
1 + cos 2a 7 2 10 15. The value of sin 10 sin 30 sin 50 sin 70 is:
æ pö [April. 09, 2019 (II)]
a , b Îç 0, ÷ , then tan (a + 2b) is equal to _____.
è 2ø 1 1
(a) (b)
[Jan. 8, 2020 (II)] 16 32
1 1
æ pö æpö (c) (d)
10. If L = sin 2 ç ÷ - sin 2 ç ÷ and 18 36
è ø
16 è8ø
3 5 p
16. If cos (a + b) = , sin(a – b) = and 0 < a, b < , then
æ pö æ pö 5 13 4
M = cos ç ÷ - sin 2 ç ÷ , then : [Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]
2
è 16 ø è 8ø tan(2a) is equal to : [ April 8, 2019 (I)]
63 63
1 1 p 1 1 p (a) (b)
(a) L = - + cos (b) L = - cos 52 16
2 2 2 8 4 2 4 8
21 33
1 1 p 1 1p (c) (d)
(c) M = + cos (d) M = + cos 16 52
4 2 4 8 2 2 2 8
17. If sin 4a + 4 cos4b + 2 = 4 2 sin a cos b ; a, bÎ[0, p], then
11. The set of all possible values of q in the interval (0, p) for cos(a + b) – cos(a – b) is equal to : [Jan. 12, 2019 (II)]
which the points (1, 2) and (sin q, cos q) lie on the same (a) 0 (b) – 1
side of the line x + y = 1 is : [Sep. 02, 2020 (II)] (c) 2 (d) – 2

æ pö
(a) ç 0, ÷
æ p 3p ö
(b) ç , ÷
18. Let f k ( x ) =
1
k
( )
sin k x + cosk x for k = 1, 2, 3, ... Then for
è 2ø è4 4 ø
all x Î R, the value of f 4 ( x ) – f 6 ( x ) is equal to :
æ 3p ö æ pö [Jan. 11, 2019 (I)]
(c) ç 0, ÷ (d) ç 0, ÷ 1 1
è 4 ø è 4ø (a) (b)
12 4
12. The angle of elevation of the top of a vertical tower standing
–1 5
on a hori ontal plane is observed to be 45o from a point A (c) (d)
12 12
on the plane. Let B be the point 30 m vertically above the 19. The value of [Jan. 10, 2019 (II)]
point A. If the angle of elevation of the top of the tower p p p p
cos 2 × cos 3 × .... × cos 10 × sin 10
from B be 30o, then the distance (in m) of the foot of the 2 2 2 2
tower from the point A is: [April 12, 2019 (II)] 1 1
(a) (b)
(a) 15(3 + 3) (b) 15(5 - 3) 512 1024
1 1
(c) 15(3 - 3) (d) 15(1 + 3) (c) (d)
256 2

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

 EBD_8344
M-12 Mathematics

20. If 5(tan2x – cos2x) = 2cos 2x + 9, then the value of cos 4x is 26. Let A and B denote the statements
: A : cos a + cos b + cos g = 0
[2017] B : sin a + sin b + sin g = 0
7 3
(a) - (b) - 3
9 5 If cos (b – g) + cos (g – a) + cos (a – b) = - , then :[2009]
2
1 2
(c) (d) (a) A is false and B is true
3 9
21. If m and M are the minimum and the maximum values of (b) both A and B are true
1 (c) both A and B are false
4 + sin 2 2x - 2 cos 4 x, x Î R, then M – m is equal to : (d) A is true and B is false
2
[Online April 9, 2016] 27. If p and q are positive real numbers such that p2 + q2 = 1,
then the maximum value of (p + q) is [2007]
9 15
(a) (b)
4 4 1 1
(a) (b)
7 1 2 2
(c) (d)
4 4
(c) 2 (d) 2.
3 1
22. If cos a + cos b = and sin a + sinb and q is the 1
2 2 28. If 0 < x < p and cos x + sin x = , then tan x is[2006]
the arithmetic mean of a and b , then sin 2q + cos 2q 2
is equal to : [Online April 11, 2015]
3 7 (a) (1 - 7 ) (b) (4 - 7 )
(a) (b) 4 3
5 5
4 8 (4 + 7 ) (1 + 7 )
(c) (d) (c) – (d)
5 5 3 4

p+q æp qö 29. If u = a 2 cos 2 q + b 2 sin 2 q + a 2 sin 2 q + b 2 cos 2 q

23. If cosec q = ( p ¹ q ¹ 0) , then cot ç + ÷ is
è 4 2ø then the difference between the maximum and minimum
p-q
values of u2 is given by [2004]
equal to: [Online April 9, 2014]
(a) (a - b)2 (b) 2 a 2 + b2
p q (c) (a + b)2 (d) 2(a 2 + b2 )
(a) (b)
q p
30. Let a, b be such that p < a - b < 3p .

(c) (d) pq 21 27
pq If sin a + sin b = - and cos a + cos b = - , then the
65 65
24. If A = sin2 x + cos4x, then for all real x : [2011]
a -b
13 value of cos [2004]
(a) £ A £1 (b) 1 £ A £ 2 2
16
-6 3
(a) (b)
3 13 3 65 130
(c) £ A£ (d) £ A £1
4 16 4 6 3
(c) (d) -
4 5 65 130
Let cos (α + β) = and sin (a - b) = ,
( )
25.
5 13
31. The function f ( x) = log x + x 2 + 1 , is [2003]
π
where 0 £ α, β £ . Then tan 2a = [2010] (a) neither an even nor an odd function
4
(b) an even function
56 19 (c) an odd function
(a) (b) (d) a periodic function.
33 12
32. The period of sin 2 q is [2002]
20 25 (a) p 2 (b) p
(c) (d)
7 16 (c) 2 p (d) p /2

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

Trigonometric Functions M-13

33. Which one is not periodic? [2002] 39. Let S = {qÎ[–2 p, 2p] : 2 cos2q + 3 sinq = 0}.
(a) | sin3x | +sin 2x (b) cos x + cos2x Then the sum of the elements of S is: [April 9, 2019 (I)]
(c) cos 4x + tan2x (d) cos2x + sinx
13p
(a) (b) 5p
Solutions of Trigonometric 6 3
TOPIC Đ Equations
(c) 2p (d) p
34. If the equation cos 4 q + sin 4 q + l = 0 has real solutions
for q, then l lies in the interval : p
[Sep. 02, 2020 (II)] 40. If 0 £ x < , then the number of values of x for which
2
æ 5 ö é 1ù
(a) ç - , - 1÷ (b) ê -1, - ú sin x – sin 2x + sin 3x = 0, is: [Jan. 09, 2019 (II)]
è 4 ø ë 2û
(a) 3 (b) 1
æ 1 1ù é 3 5ù
(c) ç - , - ú (d) ê - , - ú (c) 4 (d) 2
è 2 4û ë 2 4û 41. The number of solutions of sin 3x = cos 2x, in the interval
35. The number of distinct solutions of the equation, æp ö
ç 2 , p ÷ is [Online April 15, 2018]
log1/2|sin x| = 2 – log1/2|cos x| in the interval [0, 2p], is _____. è ø
[Jan. 9, 2020 (I)] (a) 3 (b) 4
36. The number of solutions of the equation (c) 2 (d) 1
42. If sum of all th e solution s of th e equation
é 5p 5p ù
1 + sin 4x = cos2 3x, x Î ê - , ú is : [April 12, 2019 (I)]
ë 2 2û æ æp ö æp ö 1ö
8cos x × ç cos ç + x ÷ × cos ç - x ÷ - ÷ - 1 in [0, p] is kp,
(a) 3 (b) 5 è è6 ø è6 ø 2ø
(c) 7 (d) 4 then k is equal to : [2018]
37. Let S be the set of all a Î R such that the equation, cos 2x 13 8
+ a sin x = 2a –7 has a solution. Then S is equal to : (a) (b)
9 9
[April 12, 2019 (II)]
20 2
(a) R (b) [1, 4] (c) (d)
9 3
(c) [3,7] (d) [2, 6]
43. If 0 £ x < 2p , then the number of real values of x, which
38. If [x] denotes the greatest integer < x, then the system of
satisfy the equation
linear equations
cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x + cos 4x = 0 is: [2016]
[sin q] x + [–cos q] y = 0 (a) 7 (b) 9
[cot q] x + y = 0 [April 12, 2019 (II)] (c) 3 (d) 5
æ p 2p ö and 44. The number of x Î [0, 2p] for which
(a) have infinitely many solutions if qÎ ç , ÷
è2 3 ø
2 sin 4 x + 18cos 2 x - 2 cos 4 x + 18sin 2 x = 1 is
æ 7p ö
has a unique solution if qÎ ç p, ÷. [Online April 9, 2016]
è 6 ø
(a) 2 (b) 6
p 2p ö æ 7 p ö
(b) has a unique solution if q Î æç ,
(c) 4 (d) 8
÷ È ç p, ÷. The number of values of a in [0, 2p] for which
è2 3 ø è 6 ø 45.
2sin3a – 7 sin2 a + 7 sin a = 2, is: [Online April 9, 2014]
æ p 2p ö (a) 6 (b) 4
(c) has a unique solution if qÎ ç , ÷ and have
è2 3 ø (c) 3 (d) 1
46. Let A = {q : sin(q) = tan(q)} and B = {q : cos(q) = 1} be two
æ 7p ö
infinitely many solutions if qÎ ç p, ÷. sets. Then : [Online April 25, 2013]
è 6 ø (a) A = B
(d) have infinitely many solutions if (b) A Ë B
æ p 2p ö æ 7 p ö (c) B Ë A
qÎ ç , ÷ È ç p, ÷
è2 3 ø è 6 ø (d) A Ì B and B - A ¹ f

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

 EBD_8344
M-14 Mathematics

The possible values of q Î( 0, p) such that

47. The number of solutions of the equation
50.
sin 2x – 2 cos x + 4 sin x = 4 in the interval [0, 5p] is :
[Online April 23, 2013] sin ( q) + sin ( 4q) + sin ( 7q) = 0 are [2011RS]
(a) 3 (b) 5
(c) 4 (d) 6 π 5π π 2π 3π 8π
(a) , , , , ,
48. Statement-1: The number of common solutions of the 4 12 2 3 4 9
trigonometric equations 2 sin 2 q – cos 2q = 0 and
2 cos2 q – 3 sin q = 0 in the interval [0, 2p] is two. 2p p p 2p 3p 35p
(b) , , , , ,
Statement-2: The number of solutions of the equation, 2 9 4 2 3 4 36
cos2 q – 3 sin q = 0 in the interval [0, p] is two.
2p p p 2 p 3p 8p
[Online April 22, 2013] (c) , , , , ,
9 4 2 3 4 9
(a) Statement-1 is true; Statement-2 is true; Statement-2
is a correct explanation for statement-1. 2π π 4π π 3π 8π
(b) Statement-1 is true; Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 (d) , , , , ,
9 4 9 2 4 9
is not a correct explanation for statement-1.
51. The number of values of x in the interval [0, 3p] satisfying
(c) Statement-1 is false; Statement-2 is true.
(d) Statement-1 is true; Statement-2 is false. the equation 2sin 2 x + 5 sin x - 3 = 0 is [2006]
49. The equation esinx – e–sinx – 4 = 0 has : [2012] (a) 4 (b) 6
(a) infinite number of real roots (c) 1 (d) 2
(b) no real roots 52. The number of solution of tan x + sec x = 2cos x in [0, 2 p )
(c) exactly one real root is [2002]
(a) 2 (b) 3
(d) exactly four real roots
(c) 0 (d) 1

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

Trigonometric Functions M-15

1. (b) 3(sin q – cos q)4 + 6(sin q + cos q)2 + 4sin6 q 2

æ 4ö
Now, sin2q + cos2q = 1 Þ sin q + ç ÷ = 1
2
= 3(1 – 2sin q cos q)2 + 6(1 + 2sin q cos q) + 4sin6 q è 5ø
= 3(1 + 4sin2 q cos2 q – 4sin q cos q) + 6
4 2 16 9
–12sin q cos q + 4sin6 q sin2q + = 1 Þ sin q = 1 - =
5 25 25
= 9 + 12sin q cos q+ 4 sin q
2 2 6
3
sin q = ± ...(2)
= 9 + 12cos2 q(1– cos2q) + 4(1 – cos2 q)3 5
= 9 + 12cos2q – 12cos4 q + 4(1 – cos6 q – 3cos2 q + 3cos4 q) æ 3ö æ 3ö
= 9 + 4 – 4cos6 q Taking çè sin q = + ÷ø because çè sin q = - ÷ø cannot
5 5
= 13 – 4cos6 q satisfy the given equation.
1 Therefore; 7 cosq + 6 sinq
2. (b) Let f k ( x) = (sin k x + cosk x )
k 4 3 28 18 46
= 7´ +6´ = + =
1 4 4 5 5 5 5 5
Consider f 4 ( x) - f 6 ( x) = (sin x + cos x) 4. (b) Given expression can be written as
4
1
- (sin 6 x + cos6 x) sin A
´
sin A
+
cos A
´
cos A
6 cos A sin A - cos A sin A cos A - sin A
1 1
= [1 - 2sin 2 x cos 2 x] - [1 - 3sin 2 x cos 2 x]
4 6 æ sin A ö
Q tan A = and
ç cos A ÷
=
1 1 1
- = ç ÷
ç cos A ÷
4 6 12 cot A =
è sin A ø
3. (d) Given 2 cos q + sin q = 1
Squaring both sides, we get
1 ìï sin 3 A - cos3 A ïü
(2 cos q + sin q)2 = 12
= í ý
sin A - cos A îï cos A sin A þï
Þ 4 cos 2 q + sin 2 q + 4sin q cos q = 1
Q a3 - b3 = (a - b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 )
Þ 3cos2 q + (cos 2 q + sin 2 q) + 4sin q cos q = 1
Þ 3cos2 q + 1 + 4sin q cos q = 1 sin 2 A + sin A cos A + cos 2 A
=
Þ 3 cos 2 q + 4 sin q cos q = 0 sin A cos A
Þ cos q(3cos q + 4sin q) = 0 = 1 + sec A cosec A
5. (c) Consider cos 255 + sin 195
Þ 3 cos q + 4 sin q = 0 Þ 3cos q = -4 sin q
= cos (270 – 15 ) + sin (180 + 15 )
-3 -3 = – sin 15 – sin 15
Þ = tan q = sec 2 q - 1 =
4 4 æ 3 -1 ö æ 3 -1 ö
= – 2 sin 15 = -2 çç ÷÷ = - çç 2 ÷÷
(Q tan q = sec q - 1
2
) 6.
è 2 2 ø
(c) Let f(x) = sin x and g(x) = x
è ø

æ -3ö 9
2
Statement-1: f ( x) £ g ( x) "x Î( 0, ¥)
Þ sec q - 1 = ç ÷ =
2
è 4ø 16 i.e., sin x £ x"x Î ( 0, ¥ )
9 25 5 which is true
Þ sec2q = +1 = Þ sec q =
16 16 4 Statement-2: f ( x) £ 1 " x Î( 0, ¥)

or cos q =
4
...(1) i.e., sin x £ 1 " x Î( 0, ¥)
5 It is true and
g(x) = x ® ¥ as x ® ¥ also true.

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

 EBD_8344
M-16 Mathematics

1 2
x sin q
p p 1
(d) L + M = 1 - 2sin = cos =
2
7. (c) Area = 10. ...(i)
2 8 4 2
q x p
x and L – M = - cos ...(ii)
8
From equations (i) and (ii),
p
Maximum value of sinq is 1 at q = 1æ 1 pö 1 1 p
2 L= ç - cos ÷ = - cos and
2è 2 8ø 2 2 2 8
1 2
Amax = x
2 1æ 1 pö 1 1 p
M = ç + cos ÷ = + cos
pé p pù 2è 2 8ø 2 2 2 8
8. (b) cos ê4cos3 - 3cos ú
3
8ë 8 8û
11. (a) Let f ( x, y ) = x + y - 1
pé p pù
+ sin 3 ê3sin - 4sin 3 ú Given (1, 2) and (sin q, cos q) are lies on same side.
8ë 8 8û
p p p p \ f (1, 2) × f (sin q, cos q) > 0
= 4cos6 - 4sin 6 - 3cos 4 + 3sin 4
8 8 8 8 Þ 2[sin q + cos q - 1] > 0
éæ p p öù
= 4 êç cos 2 - sin 2 ÷ ú æ pö 1
ëè 8 8 øû Þ sin q + cos q > 1 Þ sin ç q + ÷ >
è 4ø 2
éæ 4 p 4p 2p 2 p öù
êç sin 8 + cos 8 + sin 8 cos 8 ÷ ú p æ p 3p ö æ pö
ë è øû Þ q+ Î ç , ÷ Þ q Î ç 0, ÷
4 è4 4ø è 2ø
éæ p p öæ p p öù
-3 êç cos2 - sin 2 ÷ç cos 2 + sin 2 ÷ ú 12. (a) Let the height of the tower be h and distance of the
ëè 8 8 øè 8 8 øû
foot of the tower from the point A is d.
pé æ p pö ù By the diagram,
= cos ê 4 ç1 - sin 2 cos 2 ÷ - 3ú
4ë è 8 8ø û
Q
1 é 1ù 1
= ê1- ú =
2ë 2 û 2 2

2 sin a 1 1 - cos 2 b 1
9. (1) = and = 30°
2 cos a 7 2 10 B h

2 sin b 1
Þ = 30 m
2 10
45°
1 1
\ tan a = and sin b = A d P
7 10
1 h
tan b = tan 45 = =1
3 d
1 2 h=d ...(i)
2.
2 tan b 3 h - 30
\ tan 2b = = 3 =3= tan 30 =
1 - tan b 1 -
2 1 8 4 d
9 9
3(h - 30) = d ...(ii)
tan a + tan 2b
tan(a + 2b) = Put the value of h from (i) to (ii),
1 - tan a tan 2b
3d = d + 30 3
1 3 4 + 21
+
= 7 4
1 3
= 28 = 1
25 d=
30 3
3 -1
= 15 3 ( ) (
3 + 1 = 15 3 + 3 )
1- .
7 4 28

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

Trigonometric Functions M-17

13. (b) cos2 10 – cos10 cos50 + cos2 50 2

æ5ö 12
æ 1 + cos 20° ö æ 1 + cos100° ö 1 cos (a – b) = 1 - ç ÷ =
=ç ÷+ç ÷ - (2cos10° cos50°) è 13 ø 13
è 2 ø è 2 ø 2
5
1 1 Þ tan (a – b) =
= 1 + (cos 20° + cos100°) - [cos60° + cos 40°] 12
2 2 Now, tan 2a = tan ((a + b) + (a – b))
æ 1ö 1 4 5
= ç1 - ÷ + [cos20° + cos100° - cos 40°] +
è 4ø 2 tan(a + b) + tan(a - b) 3 12 = 63
= = 4 5 16
3 1 1 - tan(a + b).tan(a - b) 1- .
= + [2cos 60° ´ cos 40° - cos 40°] 3 12
4 2

=
3 17. (d) Q The given equation is
4
sin4 a + 4 cos4 b + 2 = 4 2 sin a × cos b, a, b Î [0, p]
Then, by A.M., G.M. ineqality;
14. (a)
A.M. ³ G.M.
5
sin 4 a + 4cos 4 b + 1 + 1 1

15º
10 4 ( )
³ sin 4 a × 4 cos 4 b × 1 ×1 4

sin4a + 4cos4b + 1 + 1 ³ 4 2 sin a× |cos b |

5 Inequality still holds when cosb < 0 but L.H.S. is positive
15º than cosb > 0, then
d L.H.S. = R.H.S
By the diagram, 1
\ sin4 a = 1 and cos4 b =
( )
4
5 5 5 3 +1
tan15 = Þd = = p p
d tan15 3 -1 Þ a= and b =
2 4
(
5 4+2 3 ) =5 2+ 3 \ cos (a + b) – cos (a – b)
=
2
( ) æp ö æp ö
= cos çè + b÷ø - cos çè - bø÷
1 2 2
15. (a) Q sin(60 + A).sin(60 – A) sinA = sin3A
4 p
\ sin10 sin50 sin70 = sin10 sin(60 – 10) = –sinb – sinb = -2sin =- 2
4
1 1 k k
sin(60 + 10) =
4
sin30 18. (a) fk(x) = (sin x + cos x )
k
1 1 1
Þ sin10 sin30 sin50 sin70 = sin230 = 4 4
f4(x) = [sin x + cos x]
4 16 4
16. (b) Q a + b and a – b both are acute angles.
1é (sin 2 x) 2 ù
= 4 ê(sin x + cos x ) -
2 2 2
2 ú
3 æ3ö 4 ë 2 û
cos (a + b) = , then sin (a + b) = 1 - ç ÷ =
5 è5ø 5
1 é (sin 2 x )2 ù
4 = 4 ê1 - ú
tan (a + b) = ë 2 û
3
5 1 6 6
And sin (a – b) = , then f6(x) = [sin x + cos x ]
13 6
1é 3 2ù
= ê(sin x + (cos x) - (sin x) ú
2 2 2
6ë 4 û

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

 EBD_8344
M-18 Mathematics

1é 3 2ù 17 æ 2
2
1 ö 17 9 17
= ê1 - (sin 2 x) ú - £ ç cos x - ÷ - £ -
6ë 4 û 16 è 4 ø 16 16 16
1 1 (sin 2 x )2 1 ìïæ 17 üï 1
2
Now f4(x) – f(6)(x) = - - + (sin 2 x )2 17 1ö
4 6 8 8 ³ -4 íç cos 2 x - ÷ - ý ³
4 è 4ø 16 ïþ 2
îï
1
= 17
12
M=
p p p p 4
19. (a) A = cos .cos 3 ... cos 10 .sin 10
1
22 2 2 2 m=
2
1æ p p p pö
= çè cos 2 .cos 3 ... cos 9 sin 9 ÷ø 17 2 15
2 2 2 2 2 M–m= - =
4 4 4
1æ p pö 1 p
= ç cos 2 .sin 2 ÷ø = 9 sin 3
28 è 2 2 2 2 22. (b) Let cos a + cos b =
2
1
= a+b a -b 3
512 Þ 2 cos cos = ...(i)
20. (a) We have 2 2 2
5 tan2 x – 5 cos2 x = 2 (2 cos2 x –1 ) + 9 1
Þ 5 tan2 x – 5 cos2 x = 4 cos2 x –2 + 9 and sin a + sin b =
2
Þ 5 tan2 x = 9 cos2 x + 7
Þ 5 (sec2 x – 1) = 9 cos2 x + 7 a +b a -b 1
Þ 2sin cos = ...(ii)
Let cos2 x = t 2 2 2
5 On dividing (ii) by (i), we get
Þ - 9t - 12 = 0
t æ a + bö 1
Þ 9t2 + 12t – 5 = 0 tan ç
è 2 ÷ø = 3
Þ 9t2 + 15t – 3t – 5 = 0
Þ (3t – 1) (3t + 5) = 0 a+b
Given : q = Þ 2q = a + b
1 5 2
Þ t = as t ¹ – .
3 3 Consider sin 2q + cos 2q = sin (a + b) + cos (a + b)
æ1ö 1 2 1
cos 2x = 2 cos2 x – 1 = 2 ç ÷ – 1 = – 1-
è3ø 3 3 + 9 6 8 7
+ =
2
= =
æ 1ö 1 1 10 10 5
7 1+ 1+
cos 4x = 2 cos2 2x – 1 = 2 ç - ÷ - 1 = - 9 9
è 3ø 9
1 p+q p-q
21. (b) 4 + sin2 2x – 2 cos4 x 23. (b) cosecq = , sin q =
2 p-q p+q
4 + 2 (1 – cos2 x) cos2 x – 2 cos4 x
2
æ p - qö 2 pq
ïì cos2 x 1 1 ïü cos q = ± 1 - sin 2 q = 1 - ç =
- 4 ícos 4 x - -1 + - ý è p + q ø÷ ( p + q)
îï 2 16 16 þï
p q q
ìïæ 1ö
2
17 üï cot cot - 1 cot - 1
- 4 íç cos 2 x - ÷ - ý æ p qö 4 2 2
è cot ç + ÷ = =
îï 4ø 16 ïþ è 4 2ø p q q
cot + cot cot + 1
2
0 < cos x < 1 4 2 2

-
1 1 3
£ cos2 x - £ q q
cos - sin
4 4 4 2 2
= q q
æ 1ö
2
9 cos + sin
0 £ ç cos2 x - ÷ £ 2 2
è 4ø 16
On rationali ing denominator, we get

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

Trigonometric Functions M-19

Þ [sina + sin b + sin g ]2 + (cos a + cos b + cos g )2 = 0

æ q qöæ q qö
cos - sin cos + sin Þ sina + sin b + sin g = 0 and cos a + cos b + cos g = 0
ç 2 2÷ ç 2 2÷
ç q q÷ç q q÷ \ A and B both are true.
çè cos + sin ÷ø çè cos + sin ÷ø 27. (c) Given that p2 + q2 = 1
2 2 2 2
\ p = cos q and q = sin q satisfy the given equation
cos q Then p + q = cos q + sin q
=
2 q 2q q q
sin + cos + 2sin cos We know that
2 2 2 2
- a 2 + b2 £ a cos q + b sin q £ a 2 + b 2
cos q 2 pq / ( p + q ) pq q
= = = = \ – 2 £ cos q + sin q £ 2
1 + sin q ( p - q) p p
1+ Hence max. value of p + q is
p+q 2
1 1
24. (d) A = sin 2 x + cos 4 x 28. (c) cos x + sin x = Þ 1 + sin 2 x =
2 4
= sin 2 x + cos 2 x(1 - sin 2 x )
3
Þ sin 2 x = - ,
1 4
= sin 2 x + cos 2 x - (2 sin x.cos x) 2
4 \ p < 2x < 2p
1 2
= 1 - sin (2 x ) p
Þ <x£p ...(i)
4 2
Q –1 £ sin 2x £ 1
Þ 0 £ sin 2 (2 x) £ 1 2 tan x 3
2
=-
1 + tan x 4
1 1
Þ 0 ³ – sin 2 (2 x ) ³ - Þ 3 tan x + 8 tan x + 3 = 0
2
4 4
-8 ± 64 - 36 -4 ± 7
Þ 1 ³ 1 - sin 2 (2 x ) ³ 1 - 1
1 \ tan x = =-
4 4 6 3
Þ1 ³ A ³ 3 p
for < x < p , tan x < 0
4 2
4 3
25. (a) cos(a + b) = Þ tan(a + b) = \ tan x =
-4 - 7
5 4 3
5 5
sin(a - b) = Þ tan(a - b) = ( a 4 + b 4 ) cos 2 q sin 2 q
13 12 29. (a) u 2 = a2 + b2 + 2 … (1)
+ a 2b 2 (cos 4 q + sin 4 q)
tan 2a = tan [ (a + b) + (a - b)]
Now, (a 4 + b4 ) cos 2 q sin 2 q + a 2 b2 (cos4 q + sin 4 q )
3 5
+
tan(a + b) + tan(a - b) 56 = (a4 + b4 ) cos 2 q sin 2 q + a 2 b2 (1 - 2cos 2 q sin 2 q )
= = 4 12 =
1 - tan(a + b ) tan(a - b ) 1 - 3 . 5 33
4 12 = (a4 + b4 - 2a 2b 2 ) cos 2 q sin 2 q + a 2 b2
26. (b) Given that
sin 2 2q
3 = (a 2 - b 2 )2 . + a 2b2 …(2)
cos (b – g ) + cos ( g – a) + cos (a – b) = - 4
2
Þ 2 [cos (b – g ) + cos ( g – a) + cos (a – b)] + 3 = 0 Q 0 £ sin 2 2q £ 1
Þ 2 [cos (b – g ) + cos ( g – a) + cos (a – b)] sin 2 2q (a 2 - b 2 ) 2
+ sin2 a + cos2 a + sin2 b + cos2 b Þ 0 £ (a 2 - b 2 )2 £
4 4
+ sin2 g + cos2 a = 0
Þ [sin a + sin b + sin g + 2 sin a sin b
2 2 2 sin 2 2q
Þ a 2b2 £ (a 2 - b 2 )2 + a 2b2
+ 2 sin b sin g + 2 sin g sina ] + [cos2a + cos2 b 4
+ cos2 g + 2cosa cosb + 2 cos b cos g 1
£ (a 2 - b 2 )2 . + a 2b2 ....(3)
+ 2cos g cos a] = 0 4
[Q cos(A - B) = cosA.cosB + sinA.sinB]

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

 EBD_8344
M-20 Mathematics

From (1)
Þ as sin 2 2q Î[0, 1]

( a 2 + b2 )
2 2
a 2 + b 2 + 2 a 2b 2 £ u 2 £ a 2 + b 2 + é -1ù
2 Þ l Î ê -1, ú
ë 2û
(
(a + b)2 £ u 2 £ 2 a 2 + b2 ) 35. (8) log1/2 |sinx| = 2 – log1/2 |cosx|
\ Max. value – Min. value Þ log1/2 |sinx cosx| = 2
= 2(a 2 + b2 ) - (a + b 2 ) = (a - b)2 1
Þ |sinx cosx| =
4
30. (d) p < a - b < 3p
1
p a - b 3p a-b Þ sin2x = ±
Þ < < Þ cos <0 ....(1) 2
2 2 2 2
21
sin a + sin b = -
65
a+b a-b 21
Þ 2 sin cos =- ....(2)
2 2 65
27
cos a + cos b = - Hence, total number of solutions = 8.
65
36. (c) Consider equation, 1 + sin 4x = cos23x
a+b a -b 27
Þ 2 cos cos =- ....(3) L.H.S. = 1 + sin4 x and R.H.S. = cos23x
2 2 65
QL.H.S. ³ 1 and R.H.S. £ 1 Þ L.H.S. = R.H.S. = 1
Squaring and adding (2) and (3), we get
sin4x = 0, and cos23x = 1
a - b (21) 2 + (27) 2 1170 Þ sin x = 0 and (4cos2x – 3)2 cos2x = 1
4 cos 2 = =
2 (65) 2 65 ´ 65 Þ sin x = 0 and cos2x = 1 Þ x = 0, ±p, ±2p
a -b 9 a -b 3 Hence, total number of solutions is 5.
\ cos 2 = Þ cos =- [from (1)] 37. (d) Given equation is, cos 2x + a sin x = 2a – 7
2 130 2 130
1 – 2sin2x + a sin x = 2a – 7
31. (c) Given f ( x ) = log( x + x 2 + 1) 2sin2x – a sinx + (2a – 8) = 0

{ }
ìï x 2 - x 2 + 1 üï a ± a 2 - 8(2a + 8)
f (- x) = log - x + x2 + 1 = log í ý Þ sin x =
4
îï x + x + 1 þï
2
a ± (a - 8) a-4
Þ sin x = Þ sin x =
= - log( x + x 2 + 1) = - f ( x ) 4 4
Þ f(x) is an odd function. [sin x = 2 (reected)]
1 - cos 2q a-4
32. (b) We know that sin 2 q = ; Q equation has solution, then Î [-1,1]
2 4
2p Þ a Î [2,6]
Since period of cos 2q = =p
2 38. (a) According to the question, there are two cases.
Hence period of sin q is also p.
2
æ p 2p ö
33. (b) we know that cos x is non periodic Case 1 : qÎ ç , ÷
è2 3 ø
\ cos x + cos 2 x can not be periodic. In this interval, [sin q] = 0, [– cos q] = 0 and [cot q] = – 1
34. (b) sin 4 q + cos 4 q = -l Then the system of equations will be ;
0 . x + 0 . y = 0 and – x + y = 0
Þ (sin 2 q + cos2 q) 2 - 2sin 2 q× cos 2 q = -l
Which have infinitely many solutions.
Þ 1 - 2sin 2 q cos 2 q = -l æ 7p ö
Case 2 : qÎ ç p, ÷
(sin 2q) 2 è 6 ø
Þl= -1
2 In this interval, [sin q] = – 1 and [– cos q] = 0,

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

Trigonometric Functions M-21

Then the system of equations will be ; æ1 ö

– x + 0 . y = 0 and [cot q] x + y = 0 Þ 8cos x ç - 1 + cos 2 x ÷ = 1
è 4 ø
Clearly, x = 0 and y = 0 which has unique solution.
æ 3ö
39. (c) 2cos2q + 3sinq = 0 Þ 8cos x ç cos 2 x - ÷ = 1
è 4ø
(2sinq + 1) (sinq – 2) = 0
æ 4cos3 x - 3cos x ö
1 Þ 8ç ÷ =1
Þ sinq = - or sin q = 2 ® Not possibe ç 4 ÷
2 è ø
Þ 2(4 cos3 x - 3cos x) = 1
1
Þ 2cos3x = 1 Þ cos3x =
2
p
p p \ 3x = 2np ± , n Î1
- 3
6 6
2np p
Þ x= ±
3 9
p 2p p 2p p
The required sum of all solutions in [–2p , 2p] is In x Î [0, p]: x = , + , - , only
9 3 9 3 9
æ pö æ pö æ pö æ pö
= ç p + ÷ + ç 2p - ÷ + ç - ÷ + ç -p + ÷ = 2p Sum of all the solutions of the equation
è 6 ø è 6 ø è 6 ø è 6ø
æ1 2 1 2 1ö 13
40. (d) sinx – sin2x + sin3x = 0 = ç + + + - ÷p = p
è 9 3 9 3 9 ø 9
Þ sinx – 2 sinx.cosx + 3 sinx – 4 sin3x = 0 43. (a) cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x + cos 4x = 0
Þ 2 cos 2x cos x + 2 cos 3x cos x = 0
Þ 4 sinx – 4 sin3x – 2 sinx.cosx = 0
æ 5x xö
Þ 2 sinx(1– sin2x) – sinx.cosx = 0 Þ 2cos x ç 2cos cos ÷ = 0
è 2 2ø
Þ 2 sinx.cos2x – sinx.cosx = 0
5x x
Þ sinx.cosx(2 cosx – 1) = 0 cos x = 0, cos = 0 , cos = 0
2 2
1
\ sinx = 0, cosx = 0, cosx = p 3p p 3p 7p 9p
2 x = p, , , , , ,
2 2 5 5 5 5
p é pö
\ x = 0, Q x Î ê0, ÷ø 2sin 4 x + 18cos 2 x - 2cos 4 x + 18sin 2 x = 1
3 ë 2 44. (d)
41. (d) sin 3x = cos 2x
Þ 3 sin x – 4 sin3 x = 1 – 2 sin2 x 2sin 4 x + 18cos2 x - 2 cos 4 x + 18sin 2 x = ± 1
Þ 4 sin3 x – 2 sin2 x – 3 sin x + 1 = 0
2sin 4 x + 18cos 2 x = ±1 + 2cos4 x + 18sin 2 x
-2±2 5
Þ sin x = 1, by squaring both the sides we will get 8 solutions
8
45. (c) 2 sin3a – 7sin2a + 7 sina – 2 = 0
æp ö -2+2 5 Þ 2 sin2a (sina – 1) – 5 sina (sina – 1)
In the interval ç , p ÷ , sin x =
è 2 ø 8 + 2 (sina – 1) = 0
So, there is only one solution. Þ (sin a – 1) (2 sin2 a – 5 sina + 2) = 0
p
(a) Q 8cos x æç cos 2 - sin 2 x - ö÷ = 1 Þ sin a – 1 = 0 or 2 sin2 a – 5 sina + 2 = 0
1
42.
è 6 2ø
5 ± 25 - 16 5 ± 3
sin a = 1 or sin a = =
æ3 1 ö 4 4
Þ 8cos x ç - - sin 2 x ÷ = 1
è4 2 ø p 1
a= or sin a = ,2
æ1 ö 2 2
Þ 8cos x ç - (1 - cos 2 x) ÷ = 1
è4 ø Now, sin a ¹ 2

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet

 EBD_8344
M-22 Mathematics

1 49. (b) Given equation is esinx – e–sinx – 4 = 0

for, sin a = Put esin x = t in the given equation, we get
2
t2 – 4t – 1 = 0
p 2p
a= , 4 ± 16 + 4 4 ± 20
3 3 Þ t= =
2 2
There are three values of a between [0, 2p]
46. (b) Let A = {q : sin q = tan q} 4± 2 5
= = 2± 5
and B = {q : cos q = 1} 2

ì sin q ü Þ esin x = 2 ± 5 (Q t = esin x )

Now, A = íq : sin q = ý
î cos qþ sin x
Þ e = 2 - 5 and esin x = 2 + 5
= {q : sin q (cos q – 1) = 0}
Þ esin x = 2 - 5 < 0
= {q = 0, p, 2p, 3p,.....}
For B : cos q = 1 Þ q = p, 2p, 4p,...... and sin x = ln(2 + 5) > 1
This shows that A is not contained in B. i.e. A Ë B. but So, reected.
B Ì A. Hence, given equation has no solution.
47. (a) sin 2x – 2 cos x + 4 sin x = 4 \ The equation has no real roots.
Þ 2 sin x . cos x – 2 cos x + 4 sin x – 4 = 0 50. (d) sin 4q + 2sin 4q cos 3q = 0
Þ (sin x – 1) (cos x – 2) = 0 sin 4q (1 + 2cos 3q) = 0
Q cos x – 2 ¹ 0, \ sin x = 1 1
sin 4q = 0 or cos 3q = -
p 5p 9 p 2
\ x= , ,
2 2 2 4q = n p ; n Î I
48. (b) 2 sin2 q – cos 2q = 0 2p
Þ 2 sin2 q – (1 – 2 sin2 q) = 0 or 3q = 2np ± , n ÎI
3
Þ 2 sin2 q – 1+ 2 sin2q = 0
p p 3p 2p 8p 4 p
q= , , or q= , , [Q q, Î (0, p)]
1 4 2 4 9 9 9
Þ4 sin2q = 1 Þ sin q = ±
2 y

p 3p 5p 7 p
\ q= , , , , q Î [0, 2 p] 1
4 4 4 4 y=
51. (a) 2
x
p 5p 7 p 11p x' O 3p
\ q= , , , y' y = sin x
6 6 6 6
Now 2 cos2 q – 3 sin q = 0 2sin 2 x + 5 sin x - 3 = 0
Þ 2 (1 – sin2 q) – 3 sin q = 0
Þ (sin x + 3)(2sin x - 1) = 0
Þ – 2 sin2 q – 3 sin q + 2 = 0
Þ – 2 sin2 q – 4 sin q + sin q + 2 = 0 Þ sin x =
1
and sin x ¹ -3
Þ 2 sin2 q – sin q + 4 sin q – 2 = 0 2
Þ sin q (2 sin q – 1) + 2 (2 sin q – 1) = 0 \ In [0, 3p] , x has 4 values.
1 52. (b) Q tan x + sec x = 2 cos x;
Þ sin q = , -2 Þ sin x + 1 = 2cos2 x
2
Þ sin x + 1 = 2(1 – sin 2 x);
But sin q = – 2, is not possible Þ 2sin2x + sin x – 1= 0;
1 p 5p Þ (2sin x – 1)(sin x + 1) = 0
\ sin q = , –2 Þ q= ,
2 6 6 1
Þ sin x = , –1.;
Hence, there are two common solution, there each of the 2
statement-1 and 2 are true but statement-2 is not a correct Þ x = 30 , 150 , 270 .
explanation for statement-1. Number of solution = 3

Downloaded from @Freebooksforjeeneet