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Assignment # 2 (Distillation)

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58 views

Assignment # 2 (Distillation)

Uploaded by

ebrahim fties
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Tripoli

Chemical Engineering Department


Mass Transfer II (ChE422) Ponchon Savarite method
Assignment # 2 (Spring 2024)

Problem # 1
A liquid feed of 100 kgmol/h of benzene-toluene at the boiling point contains 55 mol % benzene and
45 mol % toluene. It is being distilled at 1 atm pressure to give a distillate with 𝑥𝐷 = 0.95 and a
bottom of 𝑥𝑊 = 0.05. Using a reflux ratio of 1.3 times the minimum and Ponchon Savarite method:
a. Determine the theoretical number of trays needed. x-y equilibrium data as shown below.
b. Calculate the condenser and reboiler duties.
c. Determine the minimum number of trays at total reflux. Explain why Nmin doesn’t depend on the
feed conditions.

Enthalpy concentration diagram data for benzene (A)-toluene (B) mixtures at 1atm.
Saturated liquid Saturated vapor

Mole fraction, Mole fraction,


Enthalpy, h (kJ/kgmol) Enthalpy, H (kJ/kgmol)
xA yA

0 5109 0 38439

0.3 2920 0.3 36268

0.5 1820 0.5 34716

0.8 562 0.8 32380

1 0 1 30820

Date Due: 31 May 2023 Spring 2024


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University of Tripoli
Chemical Engineering Department
Mass Transfer II (ChE422) Ponchon Savarite method
Assignment # 2 (Spring 2024)

Problem # 2
A total of 100 lbmol per hour of 40% methanol and 60 mol% water mixture is to be separated at 1
atm to give a distillate that contains 92 mol% methanol and a bottom product that contains 4 mol%
methanol. A total condenser is to be used and the reflux will be returned to the column as a saturated
liquid at its bubble point. An external reflux ratio of 1.6 times the minimum will be used. The feed is
introduced into the column as a saturated liquid at its bubble point. Use the Ponchon-Savarit method
and determine the following:
(a) The minimum number of theoretical stages.
(b) The minimum reflux ratio.
(c) The heat loads of the condenser and reboiler for the condition of minimum reflux.
(d) The quantities of the distillate and bottom streams using the actual reflux ratio.
(e) The actual number of theoretical stages.
(f) The heat load of the condenser for the actual reflux ratio.
(g) The internal reflux ratio between the second and third stages from the top of tower.

Enthalpy Data, Methanol/Water , Btu/lbmol Vapor/Liquid Equilibrium


MeOH% Saturated Liquid Saturated Vapor Methanol/Water system
x,y T, Co h T, Co H Liquid, x Vapor, y Temp., Co
0 100 3240 100 20720 0 0 100
0.05 92.8 3070 98.9 20520 2 13.4 96.4
0.1 87.7 2950 97.7 20340 4 23 93.5
0.15 84.4 2850 96.2 20160 6 30.4 91.2
0.2 81.7 2760 94.8 20000 8 36.5 89.3
0.3 78 2620 91.6 19640 10 41.8 87.7
0.4 75.3 2540 88.2 19310 15 51.7 84.4
0.5 73.1 2470 84.9 18970 20 57.9 81.7
0.6 71.2 2410 80.9 18650 30 66.5 78
0.7 69.3 2370 76.6 18310 40 72.9 75.3
0.8 67.6 2330 72.2 17980 50 77.9 73.1
0.9 66 2290 68.1 17680 60 82.5 71.2
1 64.5 2250 64.5 17390 70 87 69.3
80 91.5 67.6
90 95.8 66
95 97.9 65
100 100 94.5

Date Due: 31 May 2023 Spring 2024


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University of Tripoli
Chemical Engineering Department
Mass Transfer II (ChE422) Ponchon Savarite method
Assignment # 2 (Spring 2024)

Problem # 3
An acetone-water solution containing 25 wt% acetone is to be fractionated at a rate of 10000 kg/hr at
1 atm pressure, and it is planned to recover 99.5% of the acetone in the distillate at a concentration of
98 wt%. The feed will be available at 26.7oC will be preheated by heat exchanger with the residue
product from the fractionator, which will in turn be cooled to 51.7oC. The distilled vapors will be
condensed and cooled to 37.8oC by cooling water entering at 26.7oC and leaving at 40.6oC. Reflux
will be returned at 37.8oC, at a reflux ratio 𝐿0 ⁄𝐷 = 1.8. Open steam, available at 70 kN/m2, will be
used at the base of the tower. The tower will be insulated to reduce heat losses to negligible values.
Physical data are given below:
Use the Ponchon-Savarit method, and determine:
(a) The hourly rate and composition of distillate and reflux.
(b) The hourly condenser heat load and cooling water rate.
(c) The hourly rate of steam and residue and the composition of the residue.
(d) The enthalpy of the feed as it enters the tower and its condition (express quantitatively).
(e) The number of theoretical trays required if the feed is introduced at the optimum location.
Use large-size graph paper and a sharp pencil

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data at 1 atm, heats of solution, heat capacities, and latent heats of
vaporization for the system acetone-water are as follows:

Mole fraction Mole fraction Integral heat of Haet capacity at


Vapor-liquid
Acetone in liquid, Acetone in vapor, solution at 15oC, 15oC, kJ/kg soln.
temperature, oC oC
x y kJ/kmol soln
0 0 0 100 4.184
0.01 0.253 -22.2 91.7 4.184
0.05 0.624 -106.6 75.7 4.10032
0.1 0.755 -159.7 66.6 4.01664
0.2 0.815 -187.7 62.2 3.80744
0.3 0.83 -171.7 61 3.5564
0.4 0.839 -121.5 60.4 3.3472
0.5 0.849 -83.56 60 3.138
0.6 0.859 -60.3 59.5 2.9288
0.7 0.874 -41.11 58.9 2.76144
0.8 0.898 -23.88 58.2 2.55224
0.9 0.935 -10.55 57.5 2.34304
0.95 0.963 0 57 2.34304
1 1 0 56.5 2.25936

𝑀𝑤𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑒 = 58.08 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙 & 𝑀𝑤𝑡𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = 18.02 𝑘𝑔/𝑘𝑔𝑚𝑜𝑙

Date Due: 31 May 2023 Spring 2024


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University of Tripoli
Chemical Engineering Department
Mass Transfer II (ChE422) Ponchon Savarite method
Assignment # 2 (Spring 2024)

Water
Tout = 40.7oC
Tin = 26.7oC

R=1.8 D
yD

F = 10000 kg/h
xF = 0.25
T = 26.7o C

W Steam
xW 70kN/m2
T = 51.7o C

Figure (1) Acetone-water Distillation for problem # 3

ℎ𝐿 = 𝐶𝑝𝐿 (𝑇𝐿 − 𝑇0 )𝑀𝑤𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑔 + ∆𝐻𝑆𝑜𝑙

𝐻𝑉 = 𝑦[𝐶𝑝𝐿,𝐴 𝑀𝑤𝑡𝐴 (𝑇𝐺 − 𝑇0 ) + 𝜆𝐴 𝑀𝑤𝑡𝐴 ] + (1 − 𝑦)[𝐶𝑝𝐿,𝐵 𝑀𝑤𝑡𝐵 (𝑇𝐺 − 𝑇0 ) + 𝜆𝐵 𝑀𝑤𝑡𝐵 ]

Date Due: 31 May 2023 Spring 2024


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