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Define Measurement and Discuss Its Varieties

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22 views2 pages

Define Measurement and Discuss Its Varieties

Uploaded by

VIPLAV SRIVASTAV
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Q:- Define Measurement and discuss its varieties.

Ans:- Measurement is the process observing and recording the observations that are
collected as part of a research effort. It may be defined as the assignment of numbers
to characteristics of objects or events according to rules. It is important to note that
the characteristics of objects or events are measured and not the objects or events
themselves. It means measuring the personality characteristics by assigning a
number” (a score on the test) to an object (a Person). A business man engaged in
marketing the products is interested in measuring the market potential for a new
product, buyer’s attitude, perceptions or preferences towards a new brand. This
measurement process gives scope for providing meaningful information for decision
making.

MEASUREMENT IN SCALE

Scale is a yardstick like any instrument for finding length, weight, volume and the
like The scale does not possess the properties associated with most physical
measures. The scales can be generally classified into following major categories.
1. Nominal Scale: This is the simplest form of scaling, where numbers are used as
labels to identify different categories or groups. For example, assigning numbers to
different types of cars (1 for Sedan, 2 for SUV, 3 for Truck) without implying any order
or magnitude.

2. Ordinal Scale: In this scale, objects or individuals are ranked in order of magnitude,
but the intervals between the numbers are not uniform. For example, ranking
customer satisfaction as "1" for "Very Dissatisfied," "2" for "Dissatisfied," "3" for
"Neutral," and so on.

3. Interval Scale: Here, the intervals between numbers are equal, but there is no true
zero point. For example, when we measure temperature (in Fahrenheit), the distance
of mercury in thermometer from 30-40 is same as distance from 70-80. The interval
between values is interpretable. Because of this, it makes sense to compute an average
of an interval variable, where it doesn’t make sense to do so for ordinal scales. But
note that in interval measurement ratios don’t make any sense - 80 degrees is not
twice as hot as 40 degrees (although the attribute value is twice as large).

4. Ratio Scale: This is the most advanced form of measurement, with equal intervals
between numbers and a true zero point. The ratio scales have all the properties of
nominal scale, ordinal scale and intervals scale. They have order, distance and unique
origin. Once a ration scale has been established, its value can be transformed only by
multiplying each value by a constant. Thus, on a ratio scale, a score of 90 is twice that
of 45.Examples include weight, height, income, etc. An example of a ratio scale is:
What is your weight in Kgs?

 Less than 55 kgs


 55 – 75 kgs

 76 – 85 kgs

 86 – 95 kgs
 More than 95 kgs

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