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Queue

Its about queue the programs and explaination

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Nikhitha Reddy
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4 views

Queue

Its about queue the programs and explaination

Uploaded by

Nikhitha Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A queue is a linear data structure that follows the FIFO (First In, First Out) principle.

In a queue,
elements are inserted at the rear and removed from the front. It operates like a line of people
waiting for a service: the person who arrives first gets served first. Queues are often used in
programming for tasks like managing tasks in a printer spooler, CPU scheduling, and breadth-
first search algorithms.

1. **Operations**: Queues typically support the following operations:


- Enqueue: Adds an element to the rear of the queue.
- Dequeue: Removes the element at the front of the queue.
- Peek/Front: Returns the element at the front without removing it.
- IsEmpty: Checks if the queue is empty.
- Size: Returns the number of elements in the queue.

2. **Implementation**: Queues can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Arrays offer
constant-time access to elements but may require resizing if the queue grows beyond its initial
capacity. Linked lists provide dynamic memory allocation and avoid resizing but require
additional memory for pointers.

3. **Applications**: Queues are used in various applications such as:


- CPU scheduling algorithms like Round Robin.
- Printer spooling systems.
- Breadth-first search and graph traversal algorithms.
- Simulations and modeling in computer science.
- Synchronization mechanisms in concurrent programming.

4. **Types of Queues**:
- Linear Queue: Basic queue structure where elements are stored in a linear order.
- Circular Queue: A variation of the linear queue where the rear pointer wraps around to the
front, effectively making use of the entire array space.
- Priority Queue: A type of queue where elements have a priority associated with them, and
the element with the highest priority is served first.

5. **Complexity**: The time complexity of basic queue operations (enqueue, dequeue, peek,
isEmpty) is O(1) for both array-based and linked list-based implementations. However, in the
worst-case scenario, array-based queues might require resizing, resulting in a time complexity
of O(n) for enqueue operations.

Queues are fundamental data structures in computer science and are widely used in various
algorithms and applications for efficient data management and processing.

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