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DM - Question Bank

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Rutvika Ghadiyali
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42 views

DM - Question Bank

Uploaded by

Rutvika Ghadiyali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bhgwan Mahavir University

Faculty of Engineering
Semester: 4th (computer)
Subject: Discrete mathematics
QUESTION BANK :

1) Find the power sets of (i)a,b}(ii)a,b,c


2) If f(x )= 2x , g (x)  x 2 , h (x)  x  1 then find (fog)oh and
fo(goh).
3) If A = {a, b} and B = {c, d} and C = {e, f} then
Find (i) (A B) U (B C) (ii)A (BUC)
4) Define even and odd functions. Determine whether the function
f : I→ R +¿¿ defined by f (x)  2x  7 is one-to-one or bijective.
5) Find gof and fog, if f ∶ R → R g ∶ R → R are given by
f (x) = cos x and g(x) = 3 x 2 Show that gof ≠ fog.
6) Prove the following statements using Venn diagram.
(a) A ∩ (B ∪ C) = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C),
(b) (A − B) ∪ (B − A) = (A ∪ B) − (A ∩ B)
7) Prove the following statements using Venn diagram.
(a) (A ∪ B) ′ = A′ ∩ B′, (b) A − (B ∪ C) = (A − B) ∩ (A − C)

8) Let A and B are two subsets of universal set U, such that n(A) = 20,
n(B) = 30, n(U) = 80, n(A ∩ B) = 10. Find n(A ′ ∩ B ′ ).
9) Given A = {x ∶ x is an integer and 1 ≤ x ≤ 5}, 𝐵 = {3, 4, 5, 17}, and
𝐶 = {1, 2, 3, . . .}, find 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵, 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵, 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 and 𝐴 ∪ 𝐶.

10) Let A = {1,2,3,6,7}, B = {2,3,4,8,9}, C = {3,4,5,10,11}, then check


the identities. (a) (A ∩ B) ∩ C = A ∩ (B ∩ C), (b) A∆(B∆C) = (A∆B)∆C
(c) A∆A = ∅
11) Among 50 patients admitted to a hospital, 25 are diagnosed with
pneumonia, 30 with bronchitis, and 10 with both pneumonia and
bronchitis. Determine: (a) The number of patients diagnosed with
pneumonia or bronchitis (or both).
(b) The number of patients not diagnosed with pneumonia or bronchitis.

12) In a survey of 400 students in a school, 100 were found as drinking


apple juice, 150 as drinking orange juice and 75 drinking both apple and
orange juice. Find how many students drink neither apple nor orange
juice.
13) In a class of 50 students, 12 enrolled for both Mathematics and
Science, 32 enrolled for Science. If the students of the class enrolled for
at least one of the two subjects, then how many students enrolled for only
Mathematics but not Science?
14) State and prove De Morgan’s law.
15) Define: Function, Range of a function. Identity function, Constant
function, Even and Odd function, Injective function, surjective function,
inverse function, bijective function.
16) Are the following functions one to one and onto? If yes, find its
inverse?
(a) f: R → R, f(x) = 2x + 3

(b) f: R+ → R+, f(x) =

(c) 𝑓: ℝ+ → ℝ is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = x 2− 8

17) In how many ways can a committee consisting of three men and two
women be chosen from seven men and five women?

18) Define the following terms with example.


Binary relation, Domain, Range, Universal relation, Void relation, Union,
Antisymmetric, Intersection, Complement relation, Reflexive, Irreflexive,
Symmetric, Transitive. Partition, Covering, Equivalence relation,
Equivalence class, Composite relation.

19)Give an example of a relation which is


a) neither reflexive nor irreflexive?
b) both symmetric and antisymmetric?
c) reflexive but not symmetric?
d) symmetric but not reflexive or transitive?
e) transitive but not reflexive or symmetric?

20) For the relation {(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4)} on the set
{1,2,3,4}, decide whether it is reflexive, whether it is symmetric, whether it is
antisymmetric, and whether it is transitive.(Justify your answer if the property is
not satisfied)

21) Define equivalence relation. Let 𝑋 = {1, 2, 3, 4,5},

𝑅 = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉/ 𝑥 is divisible by 𝑦}. Check whether the relation an equivalence


relation?

22)Let 𝐴 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑} and 𝜌(𝐴) its power set. Let ⊆ be the inclusion relation
on the elements of 𝜌(𝐴). Draw the Hasse diagram of 〈𝜌(𝐴), ⊆〉.

23) Draw the Hasse diagram for the poset({2, 4, 5, 10, 12, 20, 25}, |). Hence,
find the are maximal and minimal elements.

24) Which of these collections of subsets are partitions of {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}?


Justify your answer if it is not a partition. i) {1, 2}, {2, 3, 4}, {4, 5, 6}

ii) {1, 4, 5}, {2, 6}

25) Define the following terms with example:

Partial order relation, partially ordered set (poset), Simple (linear) ordering,

Totally ordered set (chain or simply ordered set), Lattice , Boolean lattice

26) Solve the following recurrence relation using the method of undetermined
coefficients.
an = 2an−1 − an−2 ; a1 = 1.5, a2 = 3
an = 3an−1 − 2an−2 ; a1 = −2, a2 = 4
an − 7an−1 + 10an−2 = 0 ; a0 = 0, a1 = 3

an − 4an−1 + 4an−2 = 0 ; a0 = 1, a1 = 6

an + 2an−1 − 15an−2 = 0 ; a0 = 0, a1 = 1

27) Solve the recurrence relation an + 5an−1 + 6an−2 = 3n2using the method of
undetermined coefficients.

28) Show that the set of rational numbers excluding zero is an Abelian group
under multiplication. i.e., (Q∗, ×) is an Abelian group.

29) Show that the set of all positive rational numbers forms an Abelian group
under the composition defined by a ∗ b =ab/2

30) Show that the set G = {a + b√2 /a, b ∈ Q} is a group with respect to
addition.

31) Define Abelian group and prove that the set {0,1,2,3,4} is a finite abelian
group under addition modulo 5 as binary operation.

32) Show that the set {0,1,2,34,} is a ring w.r.t. addition and multiplication
modulo 5.

33) Give an example of a non-abelian group.

34)

35) Prove that F = {a + b√2 /a, b ∈ Q} is a field.

36) Define: Algebric system, semi group, monoid , Group, Abelian group, ,
cyclic group ,Coset , normal subgroup, Ring , Field, integral domain

37) If (G, *) is an Abelian group, then for all a , b ∈ G show that

(a∗b) = a n∗b n
n

38)

39) Show that ( R ,+ , ) is an Integral domain, where

R = { a+ b √ 5 , wherea ,b I }

40) If (𝐺,∗) be a group then for any two elements 𝑎 and 𝑏 of (𝐺,∗), prove that
( a∗b )−1=a−1∗b−1
41) Let 𝑋 = {1, 2, 3, 4} and 𝑅 = {〈𝑥, 𝑦〉/ 𝑥 > 𝑦} . Draw the graph of 𝑅 and also
give its matrix.

42) Using truth table state whether each of the following implication is
tautology.

a) (𝑝⋀𝑟) → 𝑝

b) (𝑝⋀𝑞) → (𝑝 → 𝑞)

c) 𝑝 → (𝑝⋁𝑞)

d) (p

E) ( p ^ q) ^

43) Find out using truth table, whether ( p  r)  p is a tautology.

44) ) Show that (𝑝 → 𝑞) ∧ (𝑞 → 𝑟) → (𝑝 → 𝑟) is a tautology.

(ii) Obtain the dnf of the form ( p  (q  r)). and P ^ (p

45) define: proposition , Conjuction ,Disjunction , Disjunctive normal form


(DNF) , conjunctive Normal form (CNF) Tautology, Contradiction, types of
quntifiers , Negation

46) There are shopping malls next to each other. A with sign board as “ Good
items are not cheap” and B with sign board as “ cheep items are not good”. Do
they mean same? Prove by logical equivalence.

47) Define cycle, walk , tree , Isomorphic Graphs, Simple graph, degree of a
vertex , complete graph, Directed graph , Connected graph, tree, Cyclic graph,
Null graph and Strongly connected graph , Loop, Parallel Edges, Isolated
vertex, Pendent vertex , Size of a graph

48)Draw the directed graph from matrix:


49) Draw the adjacency matrix from the following graph. State in degree and
out degree of all vertices.

50) Define tree. Prove that there is one and only one path between every pair of
vertices in a tree T.

51) Define tree and root. Also prove that tree with 𝑛 vertices has 𝑛 − 1 edges.

52) Explain different representation of a tree with example.

53) Define with example: indegree, outdegree and total degree for directed
graph.

54) Prove that any graph has even number of odd vertices.

55) A tree 𝑇 has 3 vertices of degree 4, 3 vertices of degree 3. Find the number
of pendant vertices in tree 𝑇.

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