CAMPUS JOURNALISM

Media literacy is the ability to identify different types of media and the messages they are sending. When we speak of media, it
encompasses print media, such as newspapers,magazines and posters, and theatrical presentations, tweets, radio broadcasts, etc.
Being able to understand these various forms of information with an ability to make sense of what is presented is key.

Media literacy is a crucial skill all media consumers must have. There are many factors that can change how we interpret media,
and how media affects us, and there are a few main skills that can aid consumers in being more media literate like willingness to
try, and having an ability to distinguish reactions. Understanding the differencesbetween mediated and non-mediated media and
their implications is also important to media literacy.the method of dissecting media content in order to critically analyze it. To do
this, it is essential to look at media content’s underlying messages, its ownership and regulation, as well as how it is presented.
This is not an easy process, and has no stopping point.

Immediacy - Has it just happened? Notice how prominently Twitter feeds are displayed during live TV and radio coverage of
events. Whether it's the Super Bowl or a humanitarian crisis, information provided via the Social Media feeds of individuals is
seen as valuable and relevant.

2. Proximity - Is the news geographically local to the readership orIs the news geographically local to the readership or close to
their hearts?

3. Prominence - Is your information or news about something that is highly topical today? Is it about something / someone that
people believe to be of great significance or importance?

4. Oddity - There is a reason why videos of animals doing crazy things are so popular on YouTube. Peopleare attracted to things
that are a little strange, out of the ordinary and unusual. Progress' own example is our much loved pup 'Chilly' the SQL coding
dog.

5. Conflict - Is there a an element of struggle in your story? Is what you're describing helping a customer to address a real
challenge that significantly impacts their lives or

6. Suspense - People need a reason to keep reading. Can you create a 'cliff-hanger' or leave your readers wanting more?

7. Emotion - Anything that speaks to people's experiences and conveys real emotion will help them to connect with your
message. The trick is to do this appropriately and with authenticity. It doesn't have to be a tear-jerker of a story,nor does it need to
be designed to keep your audience in stitches -sometimes it helps to just be a little bit more human in your communications.

8. Consequence - Does the subject of the story you are telling have an impact on people's lives?

Headlines - Headlines should be short and preferably snappy. They should come out of information in the body of the text and
not present new information. Headlines are usually not in past tense; a headline about a past event is generally in present tense;
one about a future event generally includes to (to meet, to decide, etc.) Within a publication section, headlines should be
consistent; those that are mere labels shouldn’t be mixed with those that have verbs. Articles (a, an, the) are usually not used in
headlines

News Reports are found at the front of a newspaper. They inform readers about things that are happening in the world or in the
local area. They will be full of facts, like names, dates and places, as well as points of view, eg “Local opinion is still divided
over plans to open a new shopping centre.” Reports tend to have a more formal, neutral tone.

News journalism is straightforward. Facts are relayed without flourishes or interpretation. A typical news story often constitutes
a headline with just enough explanation to orient the reader

Crime reporting - Crime is special and separate beat in daily newspapers. They have separate reporters to report crimes.

local news - covers news from a certain area, for example, if you live in east london, the local news you would hear would be
news that has been happening in the area. an example of this is ‘east end life’ which is a newspaper that covers all the local news
such as sports, crime, local events and many more. local news is very important as it governs all aspects of a certain area that
people should be aware of. for example, if there is a murderer on the run in your area, you would know because it has been on the
news.

b. hard news - hard news covers news on serious crime e.g terrorist attacks • poltics • diasters e.g an earthquake • foreign affairs
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c. soft news - are news about entertainment, human interest stories and less serious crimeSummary lead: This is perhaps the
most traditional lead in news writing. It is often used for breaking news.

Plagiarism is: - • "...the act of copying, stealing, or representing the ideas or words [images or sounds] of another as one's own,
without giving credit to the source." (From SJC Student Handbook)

Bylines. A byline is the acknowledgement of who wrote the story. In some newspapers, the byline is simply your name

Investigative Journalism.- Investigative journalism involves reporters investigating a single topic of interest such as political
corruption, corporate wrongdoing, and serious crim

Fields in Journalism Heavy in Writing

7. Freelance Writing - Freelance writing is a field of journalism in which writers are self-employed and working outside the
confines of an office. It is a highly flexible form of work, allowing writers to work on various types of projects for different
organizations and publications at one time.The scope of the writer’s skills determines their level of pay for their work. Freelance
writers usually get gigs from freelance websites that work to connect writers with clients in need of completing fitting projects.

8. Technical Writing - Technical writing is a style of writing that usually aims to solve different technical questions for different
audiences. This topic in journalism usually involves writing for formal sources on severe or professional matters. These might
range from technology to science, to world events and politics

The Original Media Used in Journalism

3. Newspaper Reporting- Reporting for a newspaper is one of the classic and most common topics in journalism. It involves
gathering news, interviewing subjects, writing stories, and much more to distribute current information to the public. The
physical (or online) newspaper itself is just a small part of the process.A newspaper reporter can either choose to work on specific
specialized issues or deal with general topics and may either work for a larger firm or as a freelancer. They need to be adept at
dealing with people, following leads, fact-checking information and being fair and thorough.

4. Broadcast Journalism - Broadcast journalism is a field of news which typically publishes by electronic means instead of
other conventional methods like physical newspapers and magazines. Like other areas of journalism, it aims to present
information in a concise, accurate, and exciting manner. But, it does so by using media such as radio, television, and the internet.

5. Photojournalism - Photojournalism is a new form of journalism that uses compelling photography in addition to or in place of
words to present information. It includes editing, collecting, and presentation news and other information for broadcast or
publication. Traditionally it has only included images, but nowadays, videos featured in photojournalism.

6. Social Media - Social media is a computer-based technology that brought about the sharing and creation of ideas, career
interests, information, and other types of expression through networks and communities. It entirely relies on the internet, and it
facilitates the sharing of knowledge and ideas and the building of cities and virtual networks.

Nameplate – The engraved or printed name of the newspaper

• Ears – The little boxes on either side of the nameplate

• Banner head– The principal headline bearing the boldest and biggest type

• Running Head – The running head is a type of head having two or more lines.

• Headline – refers to any title of any news.

• Deck – A subordinate headline placed immediately below its mother headline, also known as bank or readout.

• Lead – The beginning of a news story.

• Column – they are horizontal divisions of the parts or texts if newspaper.

• Column Rule – The vertical line that divides the page into columns.

• Fold – The imaginary horizontal line that divides the newspaper equally into two parts
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• Byline – The signature of a reporter preceding a news-feature

• Cut – the cut is a metal place bearing the newspaper’s illustration.

• Cutline – The text accompanying photos and other art work, better known as caption. If written above the photo just like a slug
line, it is called an over line.

• Box line – any news material enclosed by line rules is a boxed story.

• Over line – it is a type of cutline written or shown above the photo.

• Kicker – a kicker is a tagline above but smaller than the headline

• Hammer – a hammer is a type of kicker but the difference is that a hammer is bigger than the headline.

• Credit Line – a credit line is a line given to pay respect to the source of the story or illustration printed.

News Page

• Editorial Page

• Editorial Proper – the article that is considered to be soul of a newspaper or magazine.

• Column – is recurring piece or article of the paper.

• Op-ed – abbreviation of opposite of the editorial page (through often believed to be abbreviated from opinion-editorial).

• Letter to editor – letter to editor sometimes abbreviated LTTE or LTE is a letter sent to a publication about the issues of

concern to its readers.

• Editorial cartoon – also known as political cartoon is a caricature containing a political or social message that usually

relates to current events or personalities.

• Folio – usually written on top of the pages, this is composed of the page number, date of publication and name of the

newspaper.

• Masthead – this is also called flag. It shows the publication’s name, the volume and number of release, the names of the

staff and their respective positions.

• Feature Page

• Community Development Page

• Science and Technology Page

• Sports Page- The sports section of a newspaper features information on local sports events like high school sports tea

Watch dog journalism

Watch dog journalism is a genre intended to guard society against illegal activity or inefficiency from societal

powers, such as corporations and politicians. It is similar to investigative journalism in that the intent is to uncover and

expose wrongdoing. Watch dog journalists monitor the activities of large companies and influential figures and report

activities that may have negative impacts on society. This type of journalism helps ensure societal powers remain

accountable for their actions.

REPUBLIC ACT OF 1991 –

PRESIDENT CORAZON AQUINO –