PROBLEM SET No.
1
CARNOT AND OTTO CYCLE
1. A heat engine operating on the Carnot Cycle uses solar energy as the source of high-temperature
heat input. The solar irradiation, averaged over the day, has a value of 0.51 kW/𝑚3 . This
provides energy to the cycle at a uniform temperature of 450 ◦K, and the cycle rejects heat to
the environment at a temperature of 300 ◦K. The engine produces 2000 kW of power. Determine
the minimum area needed to provide this power.
2. The temperature at the beginning of the compression process of an air-standard otto cycle with
a compression ratio of 8 is 540 ◦R, the pressure is 1 ATM, and the cylinder volume is 0.02 𝑓𝑡 3 .
The maximum temperature during the cycle is 3600 ◦R. Determine:
(A) The temperature and pressure at the end of each process of the cycle
(B) The thermal Efficiency
(C) The mean effective pressure, in ATM.
3. At the beginning of the compression process of an air standard otto cycle, 𝑃1 = 1 BAR and 𝑇1 = 300
◦K. The compression ratio is 8.5 and the heat added per unit mass of air is 1400 kJ/kg.
Determine:
(A) The network in kJ/kg
(B) The thermal Efficiency of the cycle
(C) The mean effective pressure in bar
(D) The maximum temperature of the cycle
4. At the beginning of the compression process of an otto cycle, 𝑃1 = 14.7 psi, and 𝑇1 = 530◦R. The
maximum cycle temperature is 3000 ◦R. Determine the following requirement below using
compression ratios 6, 8, and 10.
(A) The network developed in BTU per unit mass of air
(B) The thermal efficiency
(C) The mean effective pressure in psi
(D) Determine which compression ratio has greater network, efficiency and mean effective
pressure
5. Consider a modification of the air-standard otto cycle in which the isentropic compression and
expansion processes are each replaced with polytropic processes having n=1.3. The compression
ratio is 10 for the modified cycle. At the beginning of compression, 𝑃1 = 1 Bar and 𝑇1 = 310 ◦K. The
maximum temperature during the cycle is 2200 ◦K. Determine:
(A) The heat transfer and work in kJ per kg for each process in the modified cycle
(B) The thermal efficiency
(C) The mean effective pressure in bar
6. A four cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine operates at 2800 rpm. The process with
each cylinder is modeled as an air-standard otto cycle with a pressure of 14 psi, a temperature of
80 ◦F, and a volume of 0.0196 ft3 at the beginning of compression. The compression ratio is 10,
and the maximum pressure in the cycle is 1080 psi. Determine:
(A) The power developed by the engine in HP
(B) Mean effective pressure in psi
