Test 3

Section 2

So, if you’re one of those people who hasn’t found the perfect physical activity yet,
here is something to think about which might help you make the right decision for
you. The first question to ask yourself is whether you would enjoy training in a
gym. Many people (1) …………………………………having to (2) …………………………………. You
often have to go very early or late as some gyms can get very crowded. But with
regular training, you’ll see a (3) …………………………………

Running has become incredibly popular in recent years. That’s probably got a lot
to do with the fact that (4) …………………………………. Anyone can run, even if you can
only run a few meters to begin with, but make sure you get the right shoes. (5)
……………………………….……

pair and they don’t come cheap. Another great thing about running is that you can
do at any time of day or night, the only thing that may stop you is snow and ice.

Swimming is another really good way to build fitness. What attracts many people
is that you can swim in an indoor pool at any time of year. On the other hand, (6)
…………………………

It’s hard to chat to people while you’re swimming lengths. Cycling has become
almost as popular as running in recent years. That’s probably because as well as
improving their fitness, many people say (7) ………………………………………...…… in a park
or in the countryside can be fun, provided the conditions are right. Of course, only
fanatics go out in the wind and rain.

Yoga is a good choice for those of you looking for exercise which (8)
…………………………………
It’s a good way of building strength and with the right instructors, there’s less
chance of hurting yourself than with other more active sports. But don’t expect to
find it easy. It can be surprisingly challenging, especially for people who aren’t
very flexible.

Getting a personal trainer is a good way to start your fitness program. (9)
……………………………
but if you’ve got someone there to encourage you and help you achieve your goals,
you’re less likely to give up. Make sure you (10) ………………………………… or you could
do yourself permanent damage.

Whatever you do, don’t join a gym (11) …………………………………. So many people
waste lots of money by (12) …………………………………………………………. What happens to
their good intentions, I don’t think people suddenly stopped caring about
improving their fitness or decide they have more important things to do. I think
people lose their interest when (13) ……………………………………………………….……
That’s when they give up hope and stop believing they’ll ever achieve their goals.
Also what people sometimes don’t realize when they start is that (14)
………………………….……………– work to keep training week after week, and lots of
people don’t have that kind of commitment.

One thing you can do to help yourself is to set manageable goals. Be realistic and
don’t push yourself too far. Some people advise writing goals down, but (15) …….
………………………. Give yourself a really nice treat every time you reach one of your
goals, and (16) ………………………………………………….…. It’s a journey, there are bound
difficulties on the way.

ANSWER KEY
(1) are put off by the idea of (9) Obviously, there can be significant costs
 involved,

(2) fit a visit to the gym into their busy day (10) get someone with a recognised
qualification though

(3) difference in relatively short space of (11) unless you’re sure you’ll make good use
time. of it

(4) it’s a very accessible form of exercise (12) signing up for membership and then
hardly ever go

(5) It’s worth investing in a high quality (13) they don’t think they’re making enough
progress

(6) it can be quite boring or solitary (14) it takes a lot of determination and hard

(7) being out in the fresh air (15) I think it’s better to have a flexible
approach

(8) focuses on developing both a healthy (16) don’t get too upset if you experience
mind and body setbacks

Section 3

Tutor: OK, Jim. You wanted to see me about your textile design project.

Jim: That's right. I've been looking at how (1) ……………………………like cotton and
wool.

Tutor: Why did you choose that topic?

Jim: Well, I got a lot of useful ideas from the museum, you know, at that exhibition of
textiles. (2) ……………………………Years ago, I went to a carpet shop with my
parents when we were on holiday in Turkey, and I remember all the amazing colours.

Tutor: They might not all have been natural dyes.

Jim: Maybe not, but for the project. I decided to follow it up. And I found a great book
about a (3) ……………………………used for dyes.

Tutor: So in your project, you had to include a practical investigation

Jim: Yeah. (4) ……………………………, I was going to just look at one type of fibre
for example, like cotton…

Tutor: …and see how different types of dyes affected it?

Jim: Yes. Then I decided to include others as well so I looked at cotton and wool and
nylon

Tutor: With just one type of dye?

Jim: Various types, (5) ……………………………

Tutor: OK.

Jim: So, I did the experiments last week. (6) ……………………………, I found a
website which supplied them, they came in just a few days, but I also made some of my
own.

Tutor: That must have taken quite a bit of time.

Jim: Yes, I'd thought it'd just be a matter of a teaspoon or so of dye, and actually that
wasn't the case at all. Like I was using one vegetable, beetroot, for a red dye, (7)
…………………………. So it all took longer than I'd expected.

Tutor: (8) ……………………………

Jim: I did use one. That was a yellow dye, an artificial one

Tutor: Tartrazine?

Jim: Yeah. I used it on cotton first. It came out a great colour, but (9)
……………………………. I’d been going to try it out on nylon, but I abandoned that
idea.
Tutor: Were you worried about health issues?

Jim: I'd thought if it's a legal food colouring, it must be safe.

Tutor: Well, (10) ……………………………, I believe.

Tutor: So what natural dyes did you look at?

Jim: Well, one was turmeric. The colour's great, it's a really strong yellow. It's generally
used in dishes like curry.

Tutor: It's meant to be quite good for your health when eaten, but you might find (11)
…………- a few washes, and it's gone.

Jim: Right. I used beetroot as a dye for wool. When I chop up beetroot to eat I always end
up with bright red hands, (12) ……………………………. Disappointing.

Tutor: There's a natural dye called Tyrian purple. Have you heard of that?

Jim: Yes. It comes from a shellfish, and it was worn in ancient times but only by
important people as it was so rare I didn't use it.

Tutor: (13) ……………………………one researcher managed to get hold of some

recently. (14) ……………………………by chemical dyes nowadays. Did you use any
black dyes?

Jim: Logwood. That was quite complicated. I had to prepare the fabric so the dye would
take.

Tutor: I hope you were careful to wear gloves.

Jim: Yes. I know the danger with that dye.

Tutor: Good. It can be extremely dangerous if it's ingested. Now, (15)

…………………………? Like cochineal, for example?
Jim: Yes. I didn't actually make that, I didn't have time to start crushing up insects to get
the red colour and anyway they're not available here, but I managed to get the dye
quite easily from a