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MUCLecture 2024 11411910

Lecture note on digital electronics

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15 views3 pages

MUCLecture 2024 11411910

Lecture note on digital electronics

Uploaded by

official mays
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electronics Laborotary

By
Dr. Basim Al-Qargholi
Email: [email protected]

Experiment No.3
Center-Tapped Full-Wave Rectifier
1. Objectives:
▪ Construct the center-tapped full-wave rectifier circuit.
▪ Measure/plot the input and output waveform.
▪ Find the peak and average values of the output signal

2. Components and equipment


▪ A center-tapped transformer
▪ An two-channel Oscilloscope.
▪ An AVO meter
▪ Breadboard, two semiconductor Diodes, and 1KΩ Resistor.

3. Theory
The circuit of a center-tapped full wave rectifier uses two diodes D1 and D2. During
the positive half cycle of secondary voltage, the diode D1 is forward-biased, and
D2 is reverse-biased. Therefore, the diode D1 conducts, and current flows through
load resistor RL, as shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 1: During positive half-cycles, D1 is forward-biased, and D2 is reverse-biased.

1
Al-Mustaqbal University College http://www.mustaqbal-college.edu.iq/
Electronics Laborotary
By
Dr. Basim Al-Qargholi
Email: [email protected]

During the negative half cycle, diode D2 becomes forward-biased and D1 reverse-
biased. In this case, D2 conducts, and current flows through the load resistor R L in
the same direction.

Figure 2: During negative half-cycles, D2 is forward-biased and D1 is reverse-biased.

During both half cycles, there is a continuous current flow through the load resistor
RL, and it will get a unidirectional current, as shown in Fig. 3. The difference
between full-wave and half-wave rectification is that a full-wave rectifier allows
unidirectional current to the load during the entire 2π of the input signal. In contrast,
a half-wave rectifier allows this only during one-half cycle π.

Figure 3: Fig. Output of a full-wave rectifier

Average Value of the Output Voltage


The average value of a full-wave rectified output voltage is the value you would
measure on a DC voltmeter. It can be calculated with the following equation, where
Vp(out) is the peak value of the full-wave rectified output voltage:

2
Al-Mustaqbal University College http://www.mustaqbal-college.edu.iq/
Electronics Laborotary
By
Dr. Basim Al-Qargholi
Email: [email protected]

4. Experiment procedure
1. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 1 using a center-tapped transformer, two
diodes, a 1kΩ resistor (RL)
2. Connect the primary winding to the 220 V and a frequency of 50 Hz.
3. Display the input and output signal on the oscilloscope.
4. Measure the Vp.p, Vmax, Vrms, VAVG, and frequency of the input signal.
5. Measure the Vp.p, Vmax, Vrms, VAVG, and frequency of the output signal.
6. Draw the input and output signal
7. Find the turns ratio (n) of the transformer
8. Tabulate your measurement results in a table as shown.

Input Signal (FWR) across sec. winding Output Signal (RL)

V = V =
rms rms

V = V =
p(out) p

V = V =
p(sec) p.p

V = (Exp.) V = (Exp.)
AVG AVG

V = (Theo.) V = (Theo.)
AVG AVG

f = f=
Draw the input signal Draw the output signal

Find the turns ratio (n) of the transformer.

5. Discussion
1. Is the transformer step-down or step-up? Why?
2. On a graphic paper, draw the input and output signals, both on one chart (on top of
each other). Indicating the voltages (Vp, Vrms, and VAVG).
3. What would be the output at RL if we exchange D1 by RL?

3
Al-Mustaqbal University College http://www.mustaqbal-college.edu.iq/

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