ED5340 - Data Science: Theory at h y

and Practise a p
gan
th u
M u
a n
th
L5 - Tuple container m a n a
R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy (https://ed.iitm.ac.in/~raman)

Course web page: https://ed.iitm.ac.in/~raman/datascience.html
Moodle page: Available at https://courses.iitm.ac.in/
Tuple representation

• Tuples is a collection of heterogeneous data types enclosed in C brackets

h y
at
• empty_tup = tup( ) #empty tuple an
a p
u g
uth
• tup1 = (10, ) # Note that you need
th a n a comma
M
n a
m a
• tup2 = (‘Ram’, 20, 33.333) R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Tuple basics and accessing

• Elements in the tuple can be repeated.

h y
at
• It is also a sequential collection - can be indexed
a na p and sliced
u g
uth
• Entire tuple or each element can be
th a nprinted.
M
n a
a
m
• Tuple is an `iterable’ i.e. you a
can
R iterate over its elements.

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

 y

Demo using
at h
a p
gan
th u
u

L6_tuple_ex_access.py
n M
th a
n a
m a
R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

CW: Define a tuple of different datatypesna p and print
at h y

them using iterator. M u th u g a

a n
ath
a n
HW:In a tuple, find the number of objects of each type.
R a m

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Tuple operations

• Tuples are immutable (like strings).

h y
at
• Tuples can be concatenated an
a p
u g
uth
• searching (containment) and sorting
th a n M
n a
am
• deletion - using index or a
range
R of indices

• conversion / other functions - str to tuple, len, max, min, sum

• index and count (member functions)
• tuple comparison
Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras
 y

Demo using
at h
a p
gan
th u
u

L6_tuple_operations.py
n M
th a
n a
m a
R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

 h y
at
HW: Find out the functions that are not a p
gan
th u
u

in tuples but available in lists and why?

n M
th a
n a
m a
R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Some points on Tuples

• Tuple is an iterable.
h y
at
• Tuple is like a structure in C. an
a p
u g
uth
• No tuple comprehension (why?) th a n M
n a
ma
• You can use list a
comprehension
R and then use ‘tuple’ function

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Tuple Varieties
Similar to List varieties

• Tuple of Tuples
h y
at
• Tuple embedding an
a p
u g
uth
• Tuple unpacking (using * operator)than M
n a
m a
R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Grouping Tuples
Taking one each from each tuple

names = ('Ram', 'Raja', 'Geetha', 'Ramya')

h y
gender = ('male', 'male', 'female', ‘female') pat
a
gan
th u
u
You want to group the tuples to the following:
h a n M
a t
an
m a
('Ram', 'male'), ('Raja', 'male'), R('Geetha', 'female'), ('Ramya', 'female')

(names[0], gender[0]), (names[1], gender[1]), and so on

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Grouping Tuples
Taking one each from each tuple

fruits = ('apples', 'oranges', 'grapes', 'guava')

h y
num_kg = (2, 5, 3, 6) pat
a
gan
th u
u
cost_kg = (150, 80, 200, 170) a n M
ath
a n
a m
Group the tuples R

('apples', 2, 150), …….

(fruits[0], num_kg[0], cost_kg[0]), ………..

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

zip( ) function
grouping can be achieved by a zip( ) function

• Takes one or more iterables and groups them together

h y
at
• returns an iterator of tuples an
a p
u g
uth
• zip( ) function - a very important one
th a n M
n a
m a
R a

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

zip( ) function
grouping tuples

names = ('Ram', 'Raja', 'Geetha', 'Ramya')

h y
gender = ('male', 'male', 'female', ‘female’) pat
a
gan
th u
#Sevaral ways in which zip( ) can be used M u
a n
th
a
ite = zip(names, gender) #zip returns mann
a iterator of tuples
Ra
print(*ite) #Remember that ite is like a pointer and hence * is needed to unpack

#You can also do the following

for ite in zip(names, gender):

print(*ite)

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Some nuances on iterator of zip
we will see more on iterators later!

('Ram', 'male'), ('Raja', 'male'), ('Geetha', 'female'), ('Ramya', 'female')

h y
pat
a
gan
th u
u
ite ite = ite->next ite h=anite->next
M ite = ite->next
a t
an
m
For printing Ra

*ite *ite *ite *ite

ite[0], ite[1] ite[0], ite[1] ite[0], ite[1] ite[0], ite[1]

Note: In Python, ite -> next is actually notated as ite.__next__( )

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

CW: Take three lists, one each for na p few names, their
at h y

ages and salaries and makeMutahu tuple out of the lists.

g a

a n
ath
a n
HW: WAP to print the transpose of a 3X5 matrix.
R a m

Ramanathan Muthuganapathy, Department of Engineering Design, IIT Madras

Matrix problems using zip( )

mat = [[1,2,3], [4,5,6]] at h y

a p
gan
th u
zip(mat[0], mat[1]) will a
M
th
u
a n give three tuples
n
(1,4) (2,5) (3,6) (needs
R a m a
iterator to fetch them)
for ite in zip(mat[0], mat[1]):
print(ite) #prints each tuple
for ite in zip(*mat): zip(*mat) is same as
print(ite) #prints each tuple zip(mat[0], mat[1]
Matrix problems using zip( )
Inverse

mat = [[1,2,3], [4,5,6]] a t h y

a p
ite = zip(*mat) #gives M(1, u th u g
4),
a n
(2,5), (3, 6)
n
lst = list(ite) a m a n a th a

R
print(lst)