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Prolog Sheet

The document contains three Prolog exercises: the first defines facts and rules to represent family relations and writes queries to find siblings and parents; the second writes predicates for common list manipulations; the third defines predicates for basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

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3 views

Prolog Sheet

The document contains three Prolog exercises: the first defines facts and rules to represent family relations and writes queries to find siblings and parents; the second writes predicates for common list manipulations; the third defines predicates for basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Uploaded by

basma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise 1: Family Relations

Define facts and rules to represent family relations. Write queries to find siblings, parents, etc.
% Facts
parent(john, jim).
parent(john, ann).
parent(ann, mary).
parent(jim, peter).
% Rules
sibling(X, Y) :- parent(Z, X), parent(Z, Y), X \= Y.
mother(X, Y) :- parent(X, Y), female(X).
father(X, Y) :- parent(X, Y), male(X).
% Queries
% ?- sibling(ann, jim). % Should return true
% ?- mother(john, mary). % Should return true
% ?- father(jim, peter). % Should return true

Exercise 2: List Manipulation


Write Prolog predicates for common list manipulations such as finding the length, reversing a
list, and checking if a list is a palindrome.
% Finding the length of a list
list_length([], 0).
list_length([_|T], N) :- list_length(T, M), N is M + 1.
% Reversing a list
reverse_list([], []).
reverse_list([H|T], Rev) :- reverse_list(T, RT), append(RT, [H], Rev).
% Checking if a list is a palindrome
is_palindrome(List) :- reverse_list(List, List).

% Queries
% ?- list_length([1, 2, 3, 4], L). % Should return L = 4
% ?- reverse_list([a, b, c], Rev). % Should return Rev = [c, b, a]
% ?- is_palindrome([1, 2, 1]). % Should return true
% ?- is_palindrome([a, b, c]). % Should return false

Exercise 3: Arithmetic Operations


Define Prolog predicates for basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division.
% Addition
add(X, Y, Sum) :- Sum is X + Y.
% Subtraction
subtract(X, Y, Diff) :- Diff is X - Y.
% Multiplication
multiply(X, Y, Prod) :- Prod is X * Y.
% Division
divide(X, Y, Quotient) :- Y =\= 0, Quotient is X / Y.

% Queries
% ?- add(3, 4, Sum). % Should return Sum = 7
% ?- subtract(8, 5, Diff). % Should return Diff = 3
% ?- multiply(2, 6, Prod). % Should return Prod = 12
% ?- divide(10, 2, Quot). % Should return Quot = 5

Homework
-Try creating a simple Prolog program that models a family tree with at least three
generations.
-Write a prolog program that calculates factorial.

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