Class 11

Worksheet 2
Motion in a straight line
I] Multiple choice questions( Choose the correct option for the following questions)

1. A car moves from X to Y with a uniform speed vu and returns to X with a uniform speed vd.
The average speed for this round trip is
vd vu 2 vd vu v +v
(a) √ v u v d (b) (c) (d) d u
vd+ vu vd+ vu 2
2. Two bodies A (of mass 1 kg) and B (of mass 3 kg) are dropped from heights of 16 m and 25
m, respectively. The ratio of the time taken by them to reach the ground is
(a) 4/5 (b) 5/4 (c) 12/5 (d) 5/12
3. A body starts from rest, what is the ratio of the distance travelled by the body during the 4th
and 3rd second ?
(a) 7/5 (b) 5/7 (c) 7/3 (d) 3/7
4. A particle starts its motion from rest under the action of a constant force. If the distance
covered in first 10 seconds is S1 and that covered in the first 20 seconds is S2, then
(a) S2 = 3S1 (b) S2 = 4S1 (c) S2 = S1 (d) S2 = 2S1
5. If a ball is thrown vertically upwards with speed u, the distance covered during the last t
seconds of its ascent is
(a) ut (b) ½ gt2 (c) ut – ½gt2 (d) (u + gt)t
6. The displacement-time graph of a moving particle is shown below. The instantaneous velocity
of the particle is negative at the point

(a) E (b) F (c ) C (d) D

7. A particle moves along a straight line OX. At a time t (in seconds) the distance x (in metres) of
the particle from O is given by x = 40 + 12t – t3. How long would the particle travel before coming to
rest?
(a) 16 m (b) 24 m (c) 40 m (d) 56 m
3 2
8. Motion of a particle is given by equation s = (3t + 7t + 14t + 8) m. The value of acceleration
of the particle at t = 1 sec is (a) 10 m/s2 (b) 32 m/s2 (c) 23 m/s2 (d) 16 m/s2
9. A particle moves in a straight line with a constant acceleration. It changes its velocity from 10
m s–1 to 20 m s–1 while passing through a distance 135 m in t second. The value of t is
(a) 12 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 1.8
10. A stone falls freely under gravity. It covers distances h1, h2 and h3 in the first 5 seconds, the
next 5 seconds and the next 5 seconds respectively. The relation between h1, h2 and h3 is
h h
(a) h2 = 3h1 and h3 = 3h2 (b) h1 = h2 = h3 (c) h1 = 2h2 = 3h3 (d) h1= 2 = 3
3 5
II] Assertion Reason type questions.
Directions: Each of these questions contain two statements, Assertion and Reason. Each of
these questions also has four alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You
have to select one of the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a correct explanation for assertion
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
1. Assertion : A body is momentarily at rest when it reverses the direction.
Reason : A body cannot have acceleration if its velocity is zero at a given instant of time.
2. Assertion: The average speed of a body over a given interval of time is equal to the average
velocity of the body in the same interval of time if a body moves in a straight line in one
direction.
Reason: Because in this case distance travelled by a body is equal to the displacement of the
body.
3. Assertion : For one dimensional motion the angle between acceleration and velocity must be
zero.
Reason : One dimensional motion is always on a straight line.
4. Assertion: A body may be accelerated even when it is moving uniformly.
Reason: When direction of motion of the body is changing, the body must have acceleration.
III] Short answer type questions.
1. A ball is thrown vertically upward. Draw the velocity time graph.
2. The velocity time graph of a particle moving along a straight line is as shown in figure.
Calculate the distance and displacement covered between t=0 to t=12s.

3. A body starting from rest has an acceleration of 20m/s2 . Calculate the distance travelled in
sixth second.
4. A car starting from rest, accelerates at the rate f through a distance S, then continues at
constant speed for some time t and then decelerates at the rate f/2 to come to rest. If the total
distance is 5 S, then prove that S=1/2ft2.
5. From the top of a tower 200m in height, a ball is dropped and at same time another ball is
projected vertically upwards from the ground with velocity of 50m/s. Find when and where the
two balls meet.
6. The position of an object moving along x-axis is given by x = a + bt2 where a = 8.5 m, b = 2.5
m s–2 and t is measured in seconds. What is its velocity at t = 0 s and t = 2.0 s. What is the
average velocity between t = 2.0 s and t = 4.0 s ?
7. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 m s–1 from the top of a multistorey
building. The height of the point from where the ball is thrown is 25.0 m from the ground.
(a)How high will the ball rise ? and (b) how long will it be before the ball hits the ground?
Take g = 10 m s–2.

8. A woman starts from her home at 9.00 am, walks with a speed of 5 km h–1 on a straight road
up to her office 2.5 km away, stays at the office up to 5.00 pm, and returns home by an auto
with a speed of 25 km h–1. Choose suitable scales and plot the x-t graph of her motion.

9. A drunkard walking in a narrow lane takes 5 steps forward and 3 steps backward, followed
again by 5 steps forward and 3 steps backward, and so on. Each step is 1 m long and requires 1
s. Plot the x-t graph of his motion. Determine graphically and otherwise how long the drunkard
takes to fall in a pit 13 m away from the start.

10. A car moving along a straight highway with speed of 126 km h–1 is brought to a stop within a
distance of 200 m. What is the retardation of the car (assumed uniform), and how long does it
take for the car to stop?

Case Study 1
It must be clearly understood that distance is not the same as displacement. Distance is a scalar
quantity and is given by the total length of the path travelled by the body in a certain interval
of time. Displacement is a vector quantity and is given by the shortest distance (in a specified
direction) between the initial and the final positions of the body. The direction of the
displacement vector is from the initial position to the final position of the motion. Speed IS a
scalar quantity. The average speed and average velocity are different in many respect. The
direction of the velocity vector is the same as that of the displacement vector. Acceleration is
defined as the rate of change of velocity and it is a vector quantity.
(i) Mention a condition when displacement and distance are both equal.
(ii) What does the area under velocity-time graph and time axis signifies?
(iii) What does the slope of position-time graph and velocity-time graph represent at any
instant?
(iv) Mention a condition when body is at rest but still it has acceleration.
Case Study 2
When an object moves along a straight line with uniform acceleration, it is possible to relate its
velocity, acceleration during motion and the distance covered by it in a certain time interval by
a set of equations known as the equations of motion. For convenience, a set of three such
equations are given below:
v = u + at S = ut + ½ at2 2a S= v2 – u2
where u is the initial velocity of the object which moves with uniform acceleration a for time t,
v is the final velocity and S is the distance travelled by the object in time t.
i) Equation of motions are applicable to motion with
a) uniform acceleration c) non uniform acceleration
b) constant velocity d) uniform speed
ii) The distance travelled by a body is directly proportional to the square of time if its
acceleration
a) increases b)decreases c) becomes zero d) remains constant
 iii) The brakes applied to a car produce an acceleration of 10 m/s2 in the opposite direction
to the motion. If the car takes 1 s to stop after the application of brakes, calculate the
distance travelled during this time by car.
iv) An object is dropped from a tower falls with a constant acceleration of 10 m/s2. Find its
speed 10 s after it was dropped.
v) A bullet hits a target with a velocity of 10 m/s and penetrates it up to a distance of 5
cm. Find the deceleration of the bullet in the target.
Case Study 3
Base your answers to questions on the speed-time graph below representing the motion of
a cart moving along a straight road and its speed is measured using a speedometer every 2sec.

i) In which interval of time the cart travels shortest and greatest distance?
ii) During which interval of time the cart's average speed is greatest?
iii) What is the distance travelled by the object during the time interval 22 to 32 seconds?
OR
Suppose cart moves 10 m in the first 2 seconds, then 20 m more in the same direction in
the next 8 seconds. Find the average velocity for the first 2 seconds, then for next 8
seconds and also for the total journey.