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Lecture 1 Notes

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13 views

Lecture 1 Notes

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varanjit14
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture 1 Databases

Going through course outline and learning outcomes.

In the context of databases, data redundancy is having unnecessary duplicates.

Going through what each assessment will include.

Today’s lecture will be an introduction to databases.

Talking about how to design a database according to a situation.

What the three sections of the course will look like.

What jobs are available working with databases. Database Administrator. Systems Analyst / Business
Analyst.

What is a Database? It is a computerized collection information organized to provide quick and efficient
retrieval.

Database management systems, are how databases can be interacted with.

Two main types of DBMS.

Online transactional processing system. (good for small systems).

Online analytical processing system. (historical data and decision making).

Database model is a specification describing how a database is structured.

We have relational databases.

The early models were flat file databases. It’s like chucking everything in a big spreadsheet. An example
is the Hollerith machine.

Older Flat File - MS Works, MS Excel.

Flat file uses today. – Configuration files, Log Files, CSV files.

The Hierarchical Database Model is a new database model. Multiple parents are not allowed in this
model. We do end up having redundant data one way or another.

XML is also used to store data, JSON as well.

Disadvantages of hierarchical databases are mentioned.

The network database model is the solution. Which allows for multiple parents. The graph type database
is another example. It’s advantages and disadvantages are mentioned as well.

Now we finally come to the Relational DBMS. It is based on the concept of isolating database
management being separate to a program.

Looking at different RDBMS and what they offer and their rankings.

Looking at the RDBMS table structure and lingo. Refer to slides.


Database linking table. It is tables inside tables. Primary and foreign keys are important.

We are shown an example of database models joining 4 tables using primary and foreign keys.

Who invented Relational model? And relational model advantages and disadvantages. Normalisation is
difficult to master in relational databases.

Looking at OODBMS and how it got phased out by companies based on the relational model improving
their services to be able to have blobs data type in relational databases. Advantages and disadvantages
of OODBMS and main disadvantage being it is now underdeveloped and not widespread.

Then we will continue on to do a quiz and research for the lab.

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