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Two mark question answers of Building automation

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13 views8 pages

UNIT1 2marks

Two mark question answers of Building automation

Uploaded by

rsnkumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT- I

INTRODUCTION

1. Define Mechatronics.

The term Mechatronics is used for the integration of


microprocessor control system, electrical systems and
mechanical systems. Mechatronics is defined as the
integration of precision mechanical & electronic control for
the development of smart products & process.

2. What is a system? Give an example.

A system can be considered as a box, which has an input, and


an output and where it is not concerned with what goes on
inside the box but only the relationship between the output
and the input. Example: A motor may be thought of as a
system, which has as its input electric power and as output
the rotation of a shaft.

3. What is a measurement system?

A measurement system can be considered as a black box,


which is used for making measurements. It has as its input the
quantity being measured and its output the value of that
quantity.

4. Write about the sensor and give an example.

A sensor, which responds to the quantity being measured by


giving as its output a signal which is related to the quantity.
Example: A thermocouple is a temperature sensor. The input
to the sensor is a temperature and the output is an e.m.f.
which is related to the temperature value.
5. Write about the signal conditioner?

A signal conditioner takes the signal from the sensor and


manipulates it in to a condition, which is suitable for either
display, or in the case of a control system, for use to exercise
control.

6. What are the two basic forms of the control system?

The two basic forms of the control systems are,

a. Open loop control system.

b. Closed loop control system.

Type Advantage Disadvantage

a. It is being relatively simple

b. Low cost
inaccurate since there is no correction
Open Loop c. Good reliability of error

a. More complex

b. More costly

c. Greater chance of breakdown as a


Accurate in matching the actual to consequence of the greater number of
Closed Loop the required values. components.

7. What are the elements of the closed loop control system?


The various elements of a closed loop control system are,

a. Comparison element

b. Control element

c. Correction element

d. Process element

e. Measurement element

8. What are the two types of feedback loop?

The two types of feed back loop are,

a. Positive feed back loop

b. Negative feed back loop.

"The feedback is said to be negative/positive feedback when


the signal; which is feed back, subtracts/adds from the input
value. It is required to control a system. The control elements
decide what action to take when it receives an error signal"

9. What are the types of control elements?

There are two types of control elements. They are

a. Hard – wired systems

b. Programmable systems.
9. What are the various elements of a closed loop system for a
person controlling the temperature?

The various elements of a closed loop system are,

1. Controlled variable
2. Comparison element
3. Error signal
4. Control unit
5. Measuring device
For example,

Controlled variable - The room temperature Reference value


(The required room temperature)

Comparison element - The person comparing the measured


value with the required value of temperature.

Error signal - The difference between the measured and


required temperatures Control unit - The person Correction
unit - The switch on the fire Process - The heating by the fire

Measuring device - A thermometer

10. Write about the Mechatronics approach in a micro-


processor – controlled washing machine?

In the microprocessor-controlled washing machine, a


mechanical system has become integrated with electronic
controls. As a consequence, a bulky mechanical system is
replaced by a much more compact microprocessor system,
which is readily adjustable to give a greater variety of
programs.

11. What is the larger scale application of Mechatronics?


A larger scale application of Mechatronics is a Flexible
Manufacturing engineering System (FMS) involving computer –
controlled machines, robots, automatic material conveying and
overall supervisory control.

12. List some of the applications of Mechatronics?

1. Home Appliances: Washing machine, Bread machines etc

2. Automobile: Electrical fuel injection, Antilock brake system

3. Aircraft: Flight control, Navigation system

4. Automated Manufacturing

13. What are the components of Mechatronics System?

1. Actuators

2. Sensors

3. Signal Conditioning units

4. Digital control devices

5. Graphical Displays

14. What is meant by a system in Mechatronics?

The System is the group of physical component combined to


perform a specific function. Any mechatronics devices
consists of systems

15. What are the main applications of mechatronics?


Washing machines, dish washers, micro ovens, cameras,
camcorders, robots, automatic conveyors, computer-controlled
machines

16. Draw the block diagram of measurement system.

Transducer or Sensor Signal Processor

Quantity value measured

Recorder

18. Obtain the basic functions of control systems.

1. To minimize the error between the actual and desired output

2. To minimize the time response to load changes in the


system

19. What are the types of control system?

· Open loop system

· Closed loop system

20. List down the requirements of control systems.

· Stability

· Accuracy

· Response
21. Give an example for open loop system and closed loop
systems.

1. Closed loop system – Automatic water level controller

2. open loop system - Electric fire

22. Compare open loop control system and closed loop control
system.

Open loop systems Closed loop systems

It is suitable where accurate positioning of the The feedback signal controls the table
tools is not required position accurately
System is very simple Is used almost in all automation process
It is suitable for rough works Its not suitable for rough works
Error is not currently checked and rectified Error is currently checked and rectified
23. What are the basic elements of feedback system?

· Forward path

· Feedback path

· Error detecting device

· Amplifier

· Compensating network

24. What is meant by sequential control what are the two


modes in it?
A system operating with sequential control is one where a set
of prescribed operations are performed in sequence. The
modes are,

· Event – based mode

· Time – based mode

25. Give an example for event-based and time–based


sequential control.

· Time-based Water Heater

· Event-based Domestic washing machine

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