G11 Chapter 2
G11 Chapter 2
G11 Chapter 2
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
2.1. Artificial Intelligence
(AI) is a branch of computer science that deals with the design of systems that mimic
human intelligence.
AI systems are designed to have features that only humans are capable of such as
reasoning and generalization.
AI algorithms are now extensively used in a wide range of areas including business,
medicine, and entertainment.
Generally AI is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially
by computer system.
2.1.1 Branches of AI
AI has the following main branches some of them are listed below:-
A. Machine Learning
is the study of computer algorithms that enable the computer to learn from data
and improve itself without being explicitly programmed.
The most common example of machine learning are:-
Fraud detection.
Recommendation systems.
Email spam detector, and
Speech recognition.
B. Robotics
Robotics is the study of machines called robots that substitute tasks that are
traditionally done by human beings.
Robots have been used mainly in replacing human labor.
Robots are also used in environments that are considered hazardous to human
beings like underwater, and space explorations and car manufacturing industry.
C. Natural Language Processing(NLP)
NLP is a branch of AI that deals with enabling computers to understand written and
spoken human language in the same way human beings do.
Some of the major application areas of NLP are listed below:-
Spam Detection
Machine Translation
Virtual Assistant and
Text Summarization etc.
D. Expert Systems
Expert systems are computer programs that emulate human experts.
They are designed to solve problems that are normally solved by human experts.
Some of the fields that benefit from expert systems include medical diagnosis,
petroleum engineering, and financial investing.
An expert system consists of three components: User Interface, Knowledge Base, and
Inference Engine.
1. User Interface
This is part of the expert system that users use to interact with the expert system.
It is also the means through which users see the recommendation that the expert
system provides.
2. Knowledge Base
The completeness, accuracy, and precision of the knowledge captured in the
knowledge base are central to the performance of expert systems.
3. Inference Engine
This is the brain of the expert system that produces the answer by referencing the
knowledge base.
Entertainment: this is another area where the use of AR and VR has become very
popular.
By adding computer-generated data on artifacts in art galleries and museums, AR
creates a very interactive and enjoyable experience for visitors.
THANK YOU!!!!
THE END OF CHAPTER TWO