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    TI - 20231228 - 1+X Series Inverter - AC Short-Circuit Current - V2 - EN (New Version)

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    TI - 20231228 - 1+X Series Inverter - AC Short-Circuit Current - V2 - EN (New Version)

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    TI - 20231228 - 1+X Series Inverter - AC Short-Circuit Current - V2 - EN (New Version)

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    of 5

    AC Short-Circuit Current

    1+X Inverters

    V5
    Confidential III

    1 Description

    This document describes the short-circuit current of 1+X Inverters.

    It is valid for SG1100UD, SG3300UD, SG4400UD, SG1100UD-MV, SG3300UD-MV,


    SG4400UD-MV, SG6600UD-MV, SG8800UD-MV.

    This document is intended to be used by the specific addressees. No part of this


    document may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without the
    prior written permission of Sungrow Power Supply Co., Ltd.

    2 AC Side Protection Solution

    In PV plants, if an overcurrent or short circuit fault occurs on the AC side of the inverter,
    the PV modules and circuits are prone to be destroyed, posing the risk of electrical
    fires. To present such risks, the 1+X inverters adopt a circuit breaker on the AC side
    for protection. The breaking capacity of the breaker can fully meet the demand of
    current protection on the AC side.

    2.1 System Structure

    The structure of the 1+X inverter system is shown in the diagram below. The power
    circuit of the inverter is consisted of a DC load switch QS1, an IGBT module N1, an AC
    filter reactor L1 (with a certain current limiting capability), and an AC breaker QF1
    (providing short circuit protection for QS1、N1、L1 and other relevant parts). Both N1,
    L1 and L1, QF1 are connected by hard copper bars.

    1
    Confidential III

    Fault

    Fig. 1 1+X Modular Inverter System Structure

    AC inductors, ACBs, and transformers are all connected through copper bars, so the
    possibility of short circuits at the rear end of AC inductor is extremely low.

    AC inductor

    Copper bars

    ACB

    Copper bus

    Fig. 2 Copper bar connection diagram

    2
    Confidential III

    2.2 Short-Circuit Current Calculation

    When a three-phase short circuit occurs on the AC side in one of the SG8800UD
    inverters, the current the AC circuit breaker withstands is the short-circuit current of the
    grid.

    The direction of current flow from the grid to the inverter short-circuit point is taken as
    the positive direction. The grid impedance includes transformer impedance and cable
    impedance. The corresponding short circuit current of the grid is shown in Fig. 2.

    U_grid

    Isc

    Fig. 2 Short-circuit current vector diagram

    The grid short-circuit current is calculated as follows:

    ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝑈𝐺𝑟𝑖𝑑 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝑈𝐺𝑟𝑖𝑑 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝑈𝐺𝑟𝑖𝑑
    𝐼⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝑠𝑐 = = = （1）
    √3𝑍 √3(R + j X) √3((𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅𝑇 ) + j (𝑋𝐿 + 𝑋𝑇 ))

    where:

    ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝑈𝐺𝑟𝑖𝑑 : Grid voltage vector; Considering the grid voltage fluctuation coefficient, the
    maximum value of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝑈𝐺𝑟𝑖𝑑 is 1.1𝑈𝑛∠0°, where 𝑈𝑛 = 630𝑉.

    𝑅𝐿 : Reactor resistance, and its minimum value is approximately 0.52mΩ.

    𝑋𝐿 : Reactor reactance; 𝑋𝐿 = 2𝛱 ∗ 50 ∗ 𝐿𝑆𝑎𝑡 , where 𝐿𝑆𝑎𝑡 is the reactor saturation


    inductance, approximately 15~20μH (taken as the minimum value, 15μH), thus 𝑋𝐿 =
    4.71mΩ.

    𝑍𝑏 % ×𝑈𝑛2
    𝑍𝑇 : Transformer impedance; 𝑍𝑇 = , where 𝑍𝑏 % is the Semi-crossing
    𝑆𝑛

    3
    Confidential III

    impedance (taken as the lower limit, 7%), and Sn is the capacity of the LV winding of
    the transformer, 4400kVA. Through calculation, 𝑍𝑇 = 6.31𝑚𝛺.

    𝑃𝑘 ×𝑈𝑛 ²
    𝑅𝑇 : Transformer resistance; 𝑅𝑇 = , where 𝑃𝑘 is the transformer load loss
    𝑆𝑛 ²

    (approximately 37.4kW). Through calculation, 𝑅𝑇 = 0.77𝑚𝛺.

    𝑋𝑇 : Transformer reactance; 𝑋𝑇 = √ 𝑍𝑇 2 − 𝑅𝑇 ² = 6.27𝑚𝛺.

    Substituting these values to formula (1):

    ⃗⃗⃗⃗
    𝐼𝑠𝑐 = 4.21 + 𝑗35.95 𝑘𝐴
    （2）
    ‖𝐼⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑠𝑐 ‖ = 36.19𝑘𝐴

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